Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles loaded guava leaves powder impregnated into calcium alginate hydrogel beads (Fe3O4-GLP@CAB) for efficient removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous environment: Synthesis, characterization, and its adsorption performance.

In the present work, a novel Fe3O4-GLP@CAB was successfully synthesized via a co-precipitation procedure and applied for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous environment. The structural and physicochemical characteristics of the as-prepared materials were explored using a variety of characterization methods, including pHPZC, XRD, VSM, FE-SEM/EDX, BJH/BET, and FTIR. The effects of several experimental factors on the uptake of MB using Fe3O4-GLP@CAB were examined through batch experiments. The highest MB dye removal efficiency of Fe3O4-GLP@CAB was obtained to be 95.2 % at pH 10.0. Adsorption equilibrium isotherm data at different temperatures showed an excellent agreement with the Langmuir model. The adsorption uptake of MB onto Fe3O4-GLP@CAB was determined as 136.7 mg/g at 298 K. The kinetic data were well-fitted by the pseudo-first-order model, indicating that physisorption mainly controlled it. Several thermodynamic variables derived from adsorption data, like as ΔGo, ΔSo, ΔHo, and Ea, accounted for a favourable, spontaneous, exothermic, and physisorption process. Without seeing a substantial decline in adsorptive performance, the Fe3O4-GLP@CAB was employed for five regeneration cycles. Because they can be readily separated from wastewater after treatment, the synthesized Fe3O4-GLP@CAB was thus regarded as a highly recyclable and effective adsorbent for MB dye.

Carboxylate-functionalized dragon fruit peel powder as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Rhodamine B (cationic dye) from aqueous solution: adsorption behavior and mechanism.

In this study, we used a simple and low-toxicity chemical treatment to make a carboxylate-functionalized dragon fruit peel powder (CF-DFPP) from dragon fruit peel to improve its capacity for adsorbing Rhodamine B (RhB) from an aqueous medium. Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy-Dispersive X-ray (FE-SEM/EDX), point of zero charges (pHPZC), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analyses were performed to characterize the adsorbent materials. The adsorption performance and mechanism for the removal of RhB were examined. The kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic parameters were employed to evaluate the adsorption mechanism. Compared to other models, the Langmuir isotherm and PSO kinetic models better defined the experimental data. CF-DFPP adsorbent exhibited a maximum adsorption efficiency of 228.7 mg/g at 298 K for RhB adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption of RhB by CF-DFPP was spontaneous (ΔGo < 0) and exothermic (ΔHo < 0) nature of the process. Different eluting agents were used in desorption tests, and NaOH was revealed to have greater desorption efficiency (96.8%). Furthermore, regeneration examinations revealed that the biosorbent could effectively retain RhB, even after six adsorption/desorption cycles. These findings demonstrated that the CF-DFPP might be a novel material for removing RhB from an aqueous medium.

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma to contralateral synchronous pheochromocytoma: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Tumor-to-tumor metastasis (TTM) is an uncommon condition. Only a few cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as donor tumor of TTM have been reported in literature, and none of these studies have described RCC metastasizing to synchronous pheochromocytoma (PCC). CASE SUMMARY: The patient was a 54-year-old woman who presented with recurrent dull abdominal pain for six months, which was further aggravated for one more month. Enhanced computed tomography revealed a tumor mass in the right kidney and another mass in the left retroperitoneum/adrenal gland. Histopathology and immunochemistry of resected specimens confirmed the diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) of the right kidney, and the left retroperitoneum revealed a typical PCC with CCRCC metastasis. Whole exome sequencing revealed the presence of a c.529A>T somatic mutation of the Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) gene in the metastasized CCRCC, which was also present in the primary right kidney CCRCC, as confirmed by Sanger sequencing. No VHL mutation was detected in the PCC or in normal right kidney tissue. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed loss of chromosome 3p in both the primary right kidney CCRCC and CCRCC metastasized to PCC in the left kidney. CONCLUSION: This is the first case showing metastasis of CCRCC to PCC, thus leading to tumor-to-tumor metastasis.

Metastasis to the thyroid gland from primary breast cancer presenting as diffuse goiter: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Metastasis to the thyroid gland (TM) from primary breast cancer is uncommon and usually presents as thyroid nodules; however, diffuse goiter without thyroid nodules is the first sign of TM in rare cases. Skip metastases (SMs) to the lymph nodes in breast cancer, defined as discontiguous higher-level metastases in the absence of lower levels of contiguous metastases, have been reported in the contralateral cervical area of the primary tumor site in rare cases. CASE SUMMARY: A 49-year-old previously healthy Chinese woman was diagnosed with right lateral invasive ductal carcinoma and underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment and bilateral mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. No malignancy of the left breast or axillary or distant metastases were identified preoperatively. However, enlarged left cervical lymph nodes were detected 36 mo after surgery, and rapidly enlarging thyroid glands without nodules were detected 42 mo after surgery. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed on the left cervical lymph nodes and left lobe of the thyroid, which were both revealed to contain metastases from the primary breast cancer. Additionally, the immunostaining profiles changed in the process of metastases. The patient was discharged with the NP (vinorelbine and cisplatin) regimen for subsequent treatment, and stable disease was determined when the curative effect was evaluated. CONCLUSION: Diffuse goiter may be the first sign of TM, and enlarged lymph nodes in the contralateral cervical area may be SMs of primary breast cancer.

Adsorption of Reactive Red 195 from aqueous medium using Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf powder chemically modified with dimethylamine: characterization, isotherms, kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanism assessment.

NOVELTY STATEMENT: In the modern era, dyes are inevitable and their surging usage leads to colossal contamination of aqueous streams, thereby threatening both the land and aquatic species. One among such dye is anionic Reactive Red 195 (RR 195), and traceable even at minute concentrations of aqueous streams, posing a severe threat to living species. Moreover, RR 195 is highly recalcitrant offering resistance to biodegradation due to the presence of an azo (-N=N-) group within its structure. Thus, there is a definite need to address the issue of eliminating RR 195 from industrial wastewater effluents. In lieu of this, the primitive objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of the natural adsorbent lotus leaf (Nelumbo nucifera) for the selective sorption of RR 195 from the aqueous stream. Although ample literature is available on the direct utilization of lotus leaf as adsorbent, yet no study was performed on the chemical modification (dimethylamine) of the aforementioned adsorbent. Hence, an attempt has been made in this direction to add a new sorbent into the adsorbents database.

Removal of anionic (Acid Yellow 17 and Amaranth) dyes using aminated avocado (Persea americana) seed powder: adsorption/desorption, kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, and recycling studies.

Aminated avocado seed powder (AASP)-an eco-friendly novel adsorbent has been used for the removal of Acid Yellow 17 (AY 17) and Amaranth (AMR) from an aqueous phase. The AASP (before and after adsorption) was systematically characterized by different analytical techniques such as FT-IR, FESEM, EDX, and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. Non-linear form of various kinetic (PFO and PSO) and isotherm (Langmuir and Freundlich) models were used to examine the adsorption behavior of AY 17 and AMR onto AASP. The adsorption of AY 17 and AMR onto AASP was well illustrated by the PSO kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm models. At 303 K, the maximum adsorption capacities (obtained from the Langmuir) of the AASP for AY 17 and AMR was 42.7 and 89.2 mg/g, respectively. The AY 17 and AMR adsorption was strongly pH-dependent with an optimum pH value of 2.0. Activation energy was calculated as 12.3 and 16.3 kJ/mol for AY 17 and AMR respectively, suggesting physical adsorption. The positive values of ΔGo and ΔHo indicated that the adsorption process of AY 17 and AMR onto AASP was non-spontaneous and endothermic. The negligible loss of adsorption capacity and excellent regeneration of AASP were observed for the five cycles. Statement of novelty: The present research majorly focused on the synthesis of adsorbent from Avocado seed for the removal of Acid Yellow 17 and Amaranth anionic dyes from aqueous solution. Although the literature is available on direct seed powder as adsorbent, to the best of our knowledge, no chemical modified adsorbent synthesis was not available. Hence, to fill the gap in the literature, we chose the following study that significantly enhanced the adsorption efficiency of the selected anionic dyes.

The Significance of Witness Sensors for Mass Casualty Incidents and Epidemic Outbreaks.

Due to the increasing number of natural and man-made disasters, mass casualty incidents occur more often than ever before. As a result, health care providers need to adapt in order to cope with the overwhelming patient surge. To ensure quality and safety in health care, accurate information in pandemic disease control, death reduction, and health quality promotion should be highlighted. However, obtaining precise information in real time is an enormous challenge to all researchers of the field. In this paper, innovative strategies are presented to develop a sound information network using the concept of "witness sensors." To overcome the reliability and quality limitations of information obtained through social media, researchers must focus on developing solutions that secure the authenticity of social media messages, especially for matters related to health. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel concept based on the two elements of "witness" and "sensor." Witness sensors can be key players designated to minimize limitations to quality of information and to distinguish fact from fiction during critical events. In order to enhance health communication practices and deliver valid information to end users, the education and management of witness sensors should be further investigated, especially for implementation during mass casualty incidents and epidemic outbreaks.