RESUMEN
Methods for describing and reporting the clinical and histological characteristics of cutaneous tissue samples from patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are not currently standardized, limiting clinicians' and scientists' ability to uniformly record, report, and communicate about the characteristics of tissue used in translational experiments. A recently published consensus statement outlined morphological definitions of typical HS lesions, but no consensus has been reached regarding clinical characterization and examination of HS tissue samples. Here we aimed to establish a protocol for reporting histopathologic and clinical characteristics of HS tissue specimens. This study was conducted from May 2023 to August 2023. Experts in clinical care, dermatopathology, and translational research were recruited, and a modified Delphi technique was used to develop a protocol for histologic reporting and clinical characterization of submitted tissue specimens from HS patients. A total of 27 experts participated (14 dermatologists, 3 fellowship-trained dermatopathologists, 3 plastic surgeons, 3 general surgeons, and 4 research scientists) in creating and reviewing protocols for the clinical and histopathological examination of HS tissue specimens. The protocols were formatted as a synoptic report and will help consistently classify specimens in biobanks based on histological features and more accurately report and select samples used in translational research projects.
RESUMEN
Alopecia areata (AA) lifetime incidence is around 2%, with many patients first experiencing symptoms during childhood. However, ritlecitinib is the only FDA-approved treatment for pediatric patients 12 years and older. This review outlines reported topical, injectable, and oral treatment options for pediatric patients with AA. Clinical studies were obtained via a PubMed search using the following search terms: alopecia areata, areata, universalis, or totalis and medication, therapy, treatment, drug, or management. Only studies with pediatric patients were included in this review. Commonly used therapies, including corticosteroids, methotrexate, and minoxidil, newer promising medications, such as Janus kinase inhibitors, and less frequently used topical and systemic treatments are included. A summary of the drug development pipeline and ongoing interventional clinical trials with pediatric patients is provided. Treatments demonstrate variable efficacy, and many patients require combination therapy for maximal response. More robust clinical data is needed for many of the medications reviewed in order to provide better care for these patients.
