Non-invasive High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation as Initial Respiratory Support for Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and feasibility of nHFOV as initial respiratory support in preterm infants with RDS. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 244 premature infants with RDS who were treated in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2019 and divided into the nHFOV group (n = 115) and the BiPAP group (n = 129) based on the initial respiratory support method. Results: Respiratory outcomes showed that the rate of NIV failure during the first 72 hours of life in the nHFOV group was significantly lower than that in the BiPAP group. The time of NIV in the nHFOV group was significantly shorter than that in the BiPAP group. The time of supplemental oxygen in the nHFOV group was significantly shorter than that in the BiPAP group. The incidence of air leakage syndrome in the nHFOV group was significantly lower than that in the BiPAP group, and the length of hospital stay of the nHFOV group was also significantly shorter than that in the BiPAP group. Although the rate of infants diagnosed with BPD was similar between the two groups, the rate of severe BPD in the nHFOV group was significantly lower than that in the BiPAP group. Conclusion: This study showed that nHFOV as initial respiratory support for preterm infants with RDS was feasible and safe compared to BiPAP. Furthermore, nHFOV can reduce the need for IMV and reduce the incidence of severe BPD and air leak syndrome.

Ionothermal Synthesis of Five Keggin-Type Polyoxometalate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Five unique Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM)-based metal-organic frameworks (POMFs), namely [CH2L1]2[(CuL12)(PMoVI9MoV3O40)] (1), [Zn0.5(H2O)(L1)][Zn(L1)1.5Cl][H2L1]0.5[PMo12O40]·1.25H2O (2), (TBA)[Cu(H2O)2L12][PMo12O40] (3), [Cu2(H2O)2(L1)3][PMVI11MoVO40] (4), (H2L2)0.5[(CuIL2)2(PMo12O40)]·H2O (5), L1 = 4,4'-bis((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-biphenyl, L2 = 1,4-bis((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-benzene, have been synthesized under ionothermal conditions. According to single-crystal data, 1 exhibits a novel mechanically interlocked molecular architecture (MIMA) constructed by two-dimensional (2D) interpenetrating polyrotaxane layers with unique cyclophanes (tetra-cationic viologen macrocycle cyclobis(paraquat- p-phenylene) (CBPQT4+ system)), resulting in an H-bonded 3D supermolecule, and is the first synthesis of self-assembled cyclophane-PMOFs under ionothermal conditions. 2 shows a novel 2D three-fold interpenetrating polyrotaxane host and guest network. 1 and 2 are presented as the first MIMA polyrotaxane structures to have been synthesized under ionothermal conditions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reveals that 2, 4, and 5 show high proton conductivity owing to their unique structural properties. Solid-state diffuse reflection UV-vis-NIR measurements show the title compounds are potentially semiconductor materials. Photocatalytic investigations indicate that 1-5 possess high and stable photocatalytic H2 evolution and rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under visible-light irradiation.