Association between pets and dry eye symptoms: A Chinese national-based study.

BACKGROUND: Pet-derived allergens are another source of indoor air pollution which could affect human health. However, the association between pet ownership and the risk of dry eye symptoms (DES) remains to be elucidated. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey among Chinese residents aged over 12 years from June 20, 2022 to August 31, 2022. The Ocular Surface Disease Index-6 (OSDI-6) questionnaire was utilized to evaluate the presence of DES. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between pet ownership and DES. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on sex, age, residence and affective disorders, and sensitivity analysis by excluding participants with major ocular diseases. The interactions between pet ownership and other risk factors on DES were explored in the additive scale by calculating the synergy index (SI). RESULTS: A total of 21,916 subjects replied to the questionnaire. The prevalence of DES was 43.6 % (95 % confidence interval (CI), 43.0 %-44.3 %). Pet ownership was significantly associated with increased risk of DES (Odds ratio (OR): 1.13, 95%CI: 1.05-1.21), especially among the elderly (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.09-1.51) and urban residents (OR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.04-1.24). The individual effect of allergic rhinitis on DES was 2.59 (95%CI: 1.27-5.53), while the joint effect of pets and allergic rhinitis was 5.26 (95%CI: 1.20-36.74), suggesting a synergistic interaction with a SI of 2.48 (95%CI: 0.25-24.39). Furthermore, the interaction analysis also indicated a synergistic interaction between pet ownership and low health literacy with a SI of 1.12 (95%CI: 0.66-1.87). CONCLUSION: Pet ownership was identified as a risk factor for DES. The synergistic interaction of pet ownership and allergic rhinitis suggests shared mechanisms between DES and allergic conditions.

Effects of a mobile health intervention based on a multitheoretical model of health behavior change on anxiety and depression, fear of cancer progression, and quality of life in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Despite the high cure rate of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), patients endure side effects from treatment and psychological distress, impacting their quality of life. The potential of mobile health (mHealth) interventions to address these issues remains unexplored. The purpose of this study is to develop an mHealth intervention based on the Multi-Theoretical Model of Health Behavior Change (MTM) and evaluate its impact on reducing anxiety, depression, fear of cancer progression, and enhancing quality of life in DTC patients. METHODS: A single-blind, single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted. One hundred and eleven consecutive DTC patients from Harbin Medical University's Fourth Hospital were enrolled from March 2023 to March 2024. Participants were randomized into a control group and an intervention group that received a 3-month mHealth intervention based on MTM theory. Outcomes were assessed using web-based questionnaires at baseline and conclusion. RESULTS: One hundred four patients with DTC completed the study, with 7 lost to follow-up (6.3%). The intervention group experienced a significant drop in PHQ-4 scores post-MTM-mHealth intervention (P < .026), with no change in the control group, demonstrating a significant difference. The intervention group also had significantly lower anxiety (P < .015) and depression (P < .032) scores compared to controls. All PHQ-4 scores improved in the intervention group except for "Little interest or pleasure in doing things." Anxiety levels were significantly lower in the intervention group (P < .026) but remained unchanged in controls. The control group exhibited a significant increase in FCR-4 scores at follow-up, differing from the intervention group (P < 0.001). Quality of life scores did not differ at baseline but saw a significant improvement in the intervention group, while the control group experienced no significant change. The intervention group had higher VAS scores (P < .030) and greater health education satisfaction across all dimensions (P < .019). CONCLUSIONS: The MTM-based mHealth intervention significantly benefits DTC patients by reducing anxiety, fear of cancer recurrence, and improving quality of life, though its effect on depression requires further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: China Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200064321.

Relationship between personality and adolescent depression: the mediating role of loneliness and problematic internet use.

BACKGROUND: Previous research has indicated that personality traits, loneliness, and problematic internet use (PIU) significantly contribute to the prevalence of adolescent depression. However, the specific interrelationships among these variables in explaining the occurrence of depression remain unclear. Drawing upon susceptibility theory and cognitive-behavioral theory, this study explored whether personality traits influences adolescent depression through loneliness and PIU. METHODS: A total of 2476 adolescents (aged 12-18) from all over the country completed a psycho-social test, including the 10-Item Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI-10), three-Item Loneliness Scale (T-ILS), Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire-Short Form (PIUQ-SF-6) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The mediation model was built and bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect. RESULTS: Results showed that neuroticism, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness have a direct role on depression. Loneliness and PIU partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness and depression, and completely mediated the relationship between extroversion and depression. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that loneliness and PIU play important mediating roles in the relationship between personality traits and depression. This remind us that alleviating sense of loneliness and reducing overuse of the internet are a strategy for improve depression among adolescents.

Relationship between big five personality and health literacy in elderly patients with chronic diseases: the mediating roles of family communication and self-efficacy.

The significance of health literacy for elderly individuals with chronic illnesses lies in managing and delaying disease development, which is affected by personal and environmental factors. Family communication can provide an emotional support environment; self-efficacy is an important factor of subjective initiative and personality. A relatively persistent thinking and behavior pattern can affect the environment, subjective initiative, and individual health outcomes. This study aims to explore the effects of the Big Five personality traits on the health literacy of elderly individuals with chronic illnesses and to hypothesize that family communication and self-efficacy mediate the Big Five personalities and health literacy. A cross-sectional study of 2251 elderly individuals with chronic diseases was conducted through nationwide random quota sampling. The structural equation model was used to explore the mediating role of family communication and self-efficacy between the Big Five personality and health literacy. Family communication played a simple mediating role in the influence of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism on health literacy. Self-efficacy played a simple mediating role in the influence of the Big Five personalities on health literacy. Self-efficacy and family communication played a chain mediating role between extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and health literacy. Nurses can enhance the health literacy of elderly individuals with chronic illnesses with extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism through family communication and self-efficacy while promoting the health literacy of those with openness through self-efficacy.

Self-Assembly at Curved Biointerfaces.

Most of the biological interfaces are curved. Understanding the organizational structures and interaction patterns at such curved biointerfaces is therefore crucial not only for deepening our comprehension of the principles that govern life processes but also for designing and developing targeted drugs aimed at diseased cells and tissues. Despite the considerable efforts dedicated to this area of research, our understanding of curved biological interfaces is still limited. Many aspects of these interfaces remain elusive, presenting both challenges and opportunities for further exploration. In this review, we summarize the structural characteristics of biological interfaces found in nature, the current research status of materials associated with curved biointerfaces, and the theoretical advancements achieved to date. Finally, we outline future trends and challenges in the theoretical and technological development of curved biointerfaces. By addressing these challenges, people could bridge the knowledge gap and unlock the full potential of curved biointerfaces for scientific and technological advancements, ultimately benefiting various fields and improving human health and well-being.

The Influence of Identity Bubble Reinforcement on the Happiness Index among Chinese Medical Staff: The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the mediating role of general self-efficacy in the influence of social media identity bubble reinforcement on the happiness index among Chinese medical staff. Methods: This study utilized data (n = 877) from the 2022 Psychological and Behavioral Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) related to medical staff. Correlation analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software, and the relationships between general self-efficacy, social media identity bubble reinforcement, and the happiness index of Chinese medical staff were examined using AMOS 23.0 software. Results: The happiness index of Chinese medical staff was scored at 2.93 ± 1.21 for each item. Social media identity bubble reinforcement among Chinese medical staff was positively correlated with general self-efficacy (r = 0.380, P < .001), as well as with the happiness index (r = 0.330, P < .001). General self-efficacy was positively correlated with the happiness index (r = 0.575, P < .001) and was found to mediate the relationship between social media identity bubble reinforcement and the happiness index of Chinese medical staff. In terms of the mediating effect of social media identity bubble reinforcement, the direct effect's 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.031-0.142, accounting for 34.68% of the total effect, which is statistically significant (P = .015), while the 95% CI of the indirect effect was 0.125-0.212, representing 65.32% of the total effect, also statistically significant (P = .005). Conclusion: Social media identity bubble reinforcement and general self-efficacy were found to be important factors influencing the happiness index of medical staff. Hospital managers and policymakers can thus enhance the social media identity bubble reinforcement and general self-efficacy of Chinese medical staff through effective measures to improve their happiness indices.

Personality and Health-Related Quality of Life of Older Chinese Adults: Cross-Sectional Study and Moderated Mediation Model Analysis.

Background: Personality has an impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of older adults. However, the relationship and mechanisms of the 2 variables are controversial, and few studies have been conducted on older adults. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between personality and HRQoL and the mediating and moderating roles of sleep quality and place of residence in this relationship. Methods: A total of 4123 adults 60 years and older were from the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents survey. Participants were asked to complete the Big Five Inventory, the Brief version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and EQ-5D-5L. A backpropagation neural network was used to explore the order of factors contributing to HRQoL. Path analysis was performed to evaluate the mediation hypothesis. Results: As of August 31, 2022, we enrolled 4123 older adults 60 years and older. Neuroticism and extraversion were strong influencing factors of HRQoL (normalized importance >50%). The results of the mediation analysis suggested that neuroticism and extraversion may enhance and diminish, respectively, HRQoL (index: ß=-.262, P<.001; visual analog scale: ß=-.193, P<.001) by increasing and decreasing brief version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores (neuroticism: ß=.17, P<.001; extraversion: ß=-.069, P<.001). The multigroup analysis suggested a significant moderating effect of the place of residence (EQ-5D-5L index: P<.001; EQ-5D-5L visual analog scale: P<.001). No significant direct effect was observed between extraversion and EQ-5D-5L index in urban older residents (ß=.037, P=.73). Conclusions: This study sheds light on the potential mechanisms of personality and HRQoL among older Chinese adults and can help health care providers and relevant departments take reasonable measures to promote healthy aging.

The effect of loneliness on interpersonal sensitivity among nursing undergraduates: a chain mediation role of problematic internet use and bedtime procrastination.

BACKGROUND: Loneliness was associated with interpersonal sensitivity, but the factors contributing to this relationship in nursing students remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between loneliness and interpersonal sensitivity among nursing undergraduates, with a specific focus on the mediating roles played by problematic internet use and bedtime procrastination. METHOD: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey at a university in China between November and December 2022. Data were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, the Three-Item Loneliness Scale (T-ILS), the Chinese Version of Short Form of Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure (IPSM-CS), the 6-item short form of the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ-SF-6), and the Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS). Pearson correlation analysis was employed to explore the relationships among loneliness, interpersonal sensitivity, problematic internet use, and bedtime procrastination. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted using AMOS software to examine the mediating role of problematic internet use and bedtime procrastination between loneliness and interpersonal sensitivity. RESULTS: Loneliness was positively related to interpersonal sensitivity among nursing undergraduates (ß = 0.44, P < 0.001). There was a significant chain mediation role of problematic internet use and bedtime procrastination in the relationship between loneliness and interpersonal sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: The study contributed to deepening the understanding of the relationship between loneliness and interpersonal sensitivity and provided valuable insights into the improvement of interpersonal sensitivity in nursing undergraduates.

Association between geriatric nutritional risk index and cognitive function in older adults with/without chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease, who face an increased risk of cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and cognitive function in older individuals, both with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: In this study, we analyzed data from 2728 participants in the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Cognitive function was measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for the Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning subtest (CERAD W-L), the animal fluency test (AFT), the digit symbol substitution test (DSST), and the global cognitive z-score. The GNRI, representing whole-body nutritional status, was calculated based on serum albumin, body weight, and ideal body weight. We employed weighted multiple linear regression analyses and subgroup analyses to assess the independent association of GNRI with cognitive function in CKD and non-CKD populations. Smoothing techniques were used to fit curves, and interaction tests were used to assess the robustness and specificity of the findings. RESULTS: Our analyses revealed a significant positive association between higher GNRI levels and cognitive function in the older US population (for global z-score: ß = 0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.00, 0.01). This association remained consistent across various subgroup analyses, including those for different gender groups, age groups, smoking statuses, diabetes statuses, hypertension statuses, individuals with a BMI below 25, individuals who consumed alcohol, and non-Hispanic white individuals. Smoothed curve-fitting analyses indicated that the GNRI was linearly related to cognitive function. No statistically significant interactions were detected among these variables. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the positive association between GNRI and cognitive health in individuals with or without CKD, especially when combined with other risk factors. Consequently, enhancing the nutritional status of the elderly may serve as a viable strategy to thwart the onset of cognitive decline.

Social environment, health cognition, and health behavior: how individuals with non-fixed employment end up with adverse health outcomes in China under the era of VUCA?-findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCA.

Objectives: This article studied the single-factor causal relationships between the social environment, health cognition, and health behavior of the individuals with non-fixed employment and their adverse health outcomes, as well as the complex causal relationships of multiple factors on these outcomes. Methods: Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) are employed. Data is collected from the results of an open questionnaire Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents 2021. Results: PLS-SEM analysis reveals that health risk behaviors and cognition play a mediating role in impact of the social environment on adverse health outcomes, indicating that individuals with non-fixed employment susceptible to adverse health outcomes. fsQCA analysis identifies that weak social support is a core condition leading to outcomes of depression and anxiety. There are shared configurations and causal pathways between the outcomes of physical health and depression. Conclusion: The study supports the social determinants theory of health and suggests that the fundamental reason for people being trapped in adverse health outcomes is the health inequality caused by social stratification, and the external shock of uncertainty in the era of VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity).

TRIM59 is required for mouse GC-1 cell maintenance through modulating the ubiquitination of AXIN1.

Tripartite motif-containing protein 59 (TRIM59) is a biomarker for multiple tumors with crucial roles. However, the specific role of TRIM59 in germ cells remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects and underlying regulatory mechanisms of TRIM59 on germ cells using the mouse spermatogonial cell line GC-1. Our results demonstrated that TRIM59 promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of GC-1 cells. Mechanistically, TRIM59 maintained GC-1 cell behaviors through ubiquitination of AXIN1 to activate ß-catenin signaling. Furthermore, activation of ß-catenin signaling reversed the effects mediated by Trim59 knockdown in GC-1 cells. Collectively, our study revealed a major role and regulatory mechanism of TRIM59 in GC-1 cells, which sheds new light on the molecular pathogenesis of defects in spermatogenesis and may provide therapeutic targets for treatment of male infertility.

Smoking prevalence among adults in China Mainland and their age of smoking initiation during adolescence: a national cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to calculate the national prevalence of smoking among Chinese adults and to describe the hazard of smoking initiation by age during their adolescence, as well as the disparities in sex, residence and age groups. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: The data were derived from a multistage sampling study conducted in 120 cities in China Mainland. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 9963 participants aged ≥19 years were included. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Survival analysis was used to quantify the hazards of smoking initiation by a single year of age during adolescence, and the log-rank test was used to compare the hazard curves across subgroups. RESULTS: The prevalence of current smoking among males and females was 27.7% and 2.0%, respectively, and 56.2% of current smokers began smoking at or before the age of 18. The hazard of smoking initiation during adolescence for females was less than 0.5%, and the hazard for males increased gradually before 14 years of age and increased sharply at age 15 (4.34%), then peaked at age 18 (6.24%). Males in rural experienced a higher hazard of smoking initiation than those in urban (χ2=5.35, p=0.02) and no such difference was found in females. By the age of 18 years, 11.7% of participants (1.8% for females and 23.4% for males) had ever smoked. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of smoking among Chinese adults was lower than once reported. Males experienced higher hazards of smoking initiation at all ages than females. The hazard pattern suggests that the key focus for smoking prevention are males and adolescents aged 15-18 years, and future interventions should be delivered to the right target population at the appropriate time.

Influence of perceived stress on fertility intention among women of childbearing age without children: multiple mediating effect of anxiety, family communication and subjective well-being.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a significant decrease in the desire to have children among Chinese women of childbearing age, particularly for the first child. This trend has sparked a growing interest in understanding the underlying factors. Although perceived stress has been speculated as an important factor in decreasing fertility intention, the precise mechanism is unclear. The current study, therefore, aims to investigate the psychological mechanisms linking perceived stress to fertility intentions among women of childbearing age without children, a topic of significant relevance and importance. METHODS: Data were sourced from Chinese residents' psychology and behavior investigation (PBICR-2022). A multistage random sampling method was applied to recruit eligible participants. The Mplus8.3 software constructed a chain path model among the variables. RESULTS: The median fertility intention was 30(3-60) on a scale of 0 to 100. The mediation analysis revealed a significant negative influence of perceived stress on fertility intention (ß = - 0.076, P < 0.001). Additionally, a more intricate pattern of chain-mediating effect was observed involving perceived stress, anxiety (ß = 0.037, P < 0.05), family communication (ß = 0.106, P < 0.001), subjective well-being (ß = 0.088, P < 0.001) and fertility intention. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived stress not only directly suppressed fertility intention but also indirectly affected it through anxiety, family communication, and subjective well-being. Effective family communication and favorable subjective well-being emerged as factors that could augment fertility intentions among women of childbearing age without children.

Exploring the moderated mediation of stress and media use: Social support's impact on anxiety among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic - Insights from a large-scale cross-sectional study in China.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among the older adults, explore whether stress mediated the association between social support and anxiety symptoms, and investigate whether media use moderated the direct or indirect effects within the mediation model. METHODS: Questionnaires and scales were employed to collect data from 1143 individuals aged 60 years and older across 120 cities in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. The collected information encompassed sociodemographic characteristics, social support, anxiety, stress, and media use. Bivariate correlations were then used to analyze the relationships among the study variables. Finally, the mediation and moderated mediation models were examined using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. RESULTS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, 40.1 % of Chinese elderly experienced anxiety. Social support exhibited a negative correlation with anxiety. And, media use positively influenced both stress and anxiety. Stress partially mediated the relationship between social support and anxiety, with a mediation effect of 50.95 %. Notably, media use moderated the association between social support and anxiety, serving as both an indirect mediator (path a: Social support - Stress: B = 0.071, 95 % CI: 0.022, 0.120) and a direct mediator (path c': Social support - Anxiety: B = -0.066, 95 % CI: -0.111, -0.022). LIMITATIONS: This study used a cross-sectional design, which restricts the ability to infer causal relationships. CONCLUSION: Social support is proven to be a potent alleviator of anxiety among the elderly. Stress partially mediated this relationship, while the indirect and direct impact of this mediation was influenced by media use. BRIEF SUMMARY: This study underscores the heightened anxiety prevalence among Chinese elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the critical role of social support in mitigating these effects. It discovers that while stress acts as a mediator, media use serves as a significant moderator in this dynamic. These findings advocate for the necessity of bolstering social support networks and encouraging prudent media use to effectively manage anxiety and stress among the elderly, particularly in challenging times like a pandemic.

The impact of family climate on problematic internet use: Findings from one nationwide study in China.

BACKGROUND: With the growing attention paid to problematic internet use (PIU), this study aims to i) explore the prevalence of PIU based on a nationally representative sample and ii) propose and validate the theoretical model that correlates family climate with PIU. METHODS: One national cross-sectional study was conducted with probability sampling and stratified sampling. Overall, 21,854 sample were included and analyzed. Validated measures of family climate, loneliness, and PIU was distributed and collected from June 2022 to August 2022. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of PIU in the sample population is approximately 30.86 %. The model findings showed that family communication and family health had indirect effects of -0.12 and - 0.05 on PIU by the mediating effects of loneliness. The indirect effect explained 80.0 % of the total effect of family communication on PIU and 38.5 % of family health on PIU, highlighting the dominance effects of path family communication and PIU via loneliness. Extended family type (-0.047, p = 0.050), low family income (income≤3000 group, -0.127, p < 0.001) were identified as protective factors against PIU, while not living with family members (0.034, p = 0.021) was identified as risk factors of PIU. LIMITATIONS: The nature of cross-sectional data have the limitation of preventing examining the casual relationships of PIU and the loneliness and family climate, in which future longitudinal study design is needed. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of PIU should be given adequate attention. Optimizing the family climate or family atmosphere by improving positive communication skills, providing family support and family health external resources can be served as effective strategies for controlling PIU.

Being insulted by parents is the most severe early adverse experience of anxiety in adulthood.

INTRODUCTION: Which adverse childhood experiences are causally associated with anxiety in adulthood is unclear. Sensitive Period Model states that early adverse experiences can influence anxiety levels in adulthood. However, it remains unknown which adverse experience is the most important early adverse factor for anxiety in adulthood, and whether early alleviation or aggravation of this adverse experience predicts a decrease or increase in anxiety levels in adulthood. METHODS: A national cross-sectional survey was conducted from 20 June 2023 to 31 August 2023, with a total of 30,054 adults aged 18 years or older recruited on questionnaires that completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale. We used network analysis and computer simulation techniques to simulate aggravating and simulate alleviating interventions to observe changes in anxiety levels to identify early adverse experiences causally associated with anxiety levels in adulthood. RESULTS: The results of both the network analysis and the nodeIdentifyR algorithm (NIRA) indicated that in the Adverse Childhood Experiences-Anxiety Network (ACE-GAD Network), being cursed and insulted (CUR) by parents in childhood was the most severe early adverse experience contributing to anxiety in adulthood. In particular, simulated aggravation interventions targeting CUR in young and middle-aged adults resulted in significantly higher levels of anxiety in adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests that preventing verbal curses or insults in childhood can be an early preventive measure for future anxiety interventions. This study has important theoretical and practical implications, providing new insights for early prevention of anxiety and family education.

Associations between personality and problematic internet use among Chinese adolescents and young adults: A network analysis.

BACKGROUND: With the number of internet users booming, problematic internet use (PIU) has become a public health threat. This study aims to figure out the inter-relationships between PIU symptoms and personality traits with network-based analysis among young people and to discuss the gender difference in the above networks. METHODS: Based on a national cross-sectional study in 2022, 4655 Chinese adolescents and young adults aged 14 to 25 were included. We adopted the 6-item Short-Form Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ-SF-6) and the 10-item version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) to measure PIU and personality traits, respectively. Network analysis was used to identify influential nodes and edges and compare the network models between male and female participants. RESULTS: The mean age of 4655 participants was 19.84, and 52.1 % (2424) of them were females. There are differences in age and gender between participants with and without PIU (P < 0.05). The network of personality and PIU showed that 22 out of the 28 edges were estimated to be nonzero, and "obsession-neuroticism" was the strongest positive edge between the two communities. Central symptoms (i.e., "obsession" and "control disorder") and bridge symptoms (i.e., "obsession" and "neuroticism") have been identified. Gender differences existed in network global strength: female = 3.71, male = 3.18 (p < 0.001). LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional study needs more evidence to build causal inference. CONCLUSIONS: The results of PIU-personality networks may contribute to the personalized prevention and treatment of PIU. The gender difference in PIU-personality networks also requires more attention and discussion.

Factors associated with nursing students' mental health-related stigma: A multisite cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Mental health-related stigma remains a complex and pervasive issue globally. It not only inhibits individuals from seeking help but also influences the quality of healthcare they receive. Despite extensive research on mental health-related stigma, there is still limited understanding of factors influencing mental health-related stigma among nursing students. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the level of mental health-related stigma among Chinese nursing students and investigate possible associated factors. METHODS: Data were collected from the 2023 Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) survey. A total of 967 nursing students were included in the study. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the influencing factors of mental health stigma. RESULTS: The mean mental health-related stigma score among nursing students was 15.31 ± 5.23 (range = 0-27). Perceived stress (ß = 0.14, P = 0.001), self-efficacy (ß = 0.22, P < 0.001), academic stage (ß = 0.17, P < 0.001), depression (ß = 0.15, P < 0.001), and adverse life events (ß = 0.06, P = 0.044) were significantly associated with mental health-related stigma among nursing students (R2 = 0.147, adjusted R2 = 0.143, F = 33.214, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Nursing students in China exhibit a moderate level of mental health-related stigma, suggesting room for improvement. Perceived stress, self-efficacy, academic stage, depression, and adverse life events emerged as significant influencing factors for mental health-related stigma. These findings provide valuable insights for developing interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma among nursing students, ultimately enhancing their well-being and preparing them for becoming competent healthcare professionals in the future.