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Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescent and young adults in China from December 14, 2022 to February 28, 2023, when COVID-19 restrictions were lifted. Methods: Students in middle and high schools and colleges and universities in the province of Sichuan, China were asked to complete on-line cross-sectional surveys. Information was collected about sociodemographics, experiences related to the COVID-19 pandemic, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Participants also filled out the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and the Social Support Rate Scale surveys. Factors associated with suicidal ideation or suicide attempts were explored using logistic regression. Results: Of the 82,873 respondents (aged 12 to 24 years), 21,292 (25.7%) reported having thought of suicide at least once in their lifetime, 10,382 (12.5%) reported having thought about suicide within the previous 12 months, and 1,123 (1.4%) reported having attempted it within the previous 12 months. Risk of lifetime suicidal ideation was higher among middle school students than among older students. Risk of suicidal ideation and risk of suicide attempts correlated directly with severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety, and inversely with level of social support. Greater risk of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts was associated with: being female, living in an urban environment, attending a boarding school, currently being in love, having parents who divorced or remarried, having parents who exhibit non-authoritative parenting behavior, having higher family income, having been COVID-19 infected, having been quarantined for a long time, and being dissatisfied with one's education. Conclusions: Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts remain prevalent among young people in China. The potential associated factors identified in our study may be useful for targeting appropriate psychosocial interventions and developing mental health policies.
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The application of nanomaterials in different plants exerts varying effects, both positive and negative. This study aimed to investigate the influence of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) on the growth and development of Ficus tikoua Bur. plant. The morphological characteristics, photosynthetic parameters, and chlorophyll content of F. tikoua Bur. plants were evaluated under four different concentrations of CNPs. Results indicated a decreasing trend in several agronomic traits, such as leaf area, branching number, and green leaf number and most photosynthetic parameters with increasing CNPs concentration. Total chlorophyll and chlorophyll b contents were also significantly reduced in CNPs-exposed plants compared to the control. Notably, variations in plant tolerance to CNPs were observed based on morphological and physiological parameters. A critical concentration of 50 g/kg was identified as potentially inducing plant toxicity, warranting further investigation into the effects of lower CNPs concentrations to determine optimal application levels.
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Carbono , Clorofila , Ficus , Nanopartículas , Fotosíntesis , Ficus/química , Fotosíntesis/efectos de los fármacos , Carbono/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Clorofila/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/efectos de los fármacos , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismoRESUMEN
The negative impact of refinery wastewater is of great concern to the aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial environment. In this study, N-hexadecylchitosan (NHDC) was successfully synthesized to deal with low mechanical strength, poor adsorption capacity, and limited selectivity of native chitosan. The NHDC was characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to study its composition, morphology, and structural attributes. The adsorption of hydrocarbon pollutants from refinery wastewater was studied in batch mode experiments. The results indicated that the removal of COD attained by chitosan and NHDC was 21 and 63%, respectively. COD removal was found to be maximal, i.e., 96% using 0.08 g of NHDC at 60 min in a solution of pH 6.5 maintained at 60 °C. Furthermore, kinetic data revealed that the adsorption system followed pseudo-second order kinetics, whereas equilibrium studies supported both monolayer and multilayer adsorption mechanisms. The designed adsorption platform was able to capture hydrocarbon pollutants under very mild optimized conditions. Furthermore, NHDC demonstrated long term stability when subjected to five successive cycles, which contributed to the sustainability of water treatment systems. On the basis of the outcome of this work, it is advocated that new biobased NHDC can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the remediation of organic contaminants laden wastewater streams generated from oil refineries.
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Background: Few studies have explored the associated factors of attitudes of nonpsychiatric nurses towards mental disorders. Therefore, this study is aimed to evaluate the attitudes of nonpsychiatric nurses towards mental disorders and especially explore the association between psychiatric clinical practice and these attitudes. Methods: A total of 1324 nonpsychiatric nurses and students majoring in nursing were recruited through an online questionnaire from December 2021 to March 2022 in Sichuan Province, China. Demographic information, personal care experience, psychiatric nursing education and the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) were collected. A higher score indicates a stigmatizing attitude in the authoritarianism and social restrictiveness (SR) subscales and a positive attitude in the benevolence and community mental health ideology (CMHI) subscales. Multivariate linear regression was employed to analyze associated factors of attitudes towards mental disorders, and hierarchical linear regression was used to analyze the association between psychiatric clinical practice and the attitudes towards mental disorders. Results: Under the control of confounders, high education level, long residence in urban and personal care experience were positively correlated with score of authoritarianism and SR (p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with score of benevolence (p < 0.05). Long residence in urban and personal care experience were negatively correlated with score of CMHI (p < 0.05). Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic information, psychiatric clinical practice was associated with lower score of benevolence (B = -0.09, 95%CI = -0.17 ~ -0.003, p = 0.043) and CMHI (B = -0.09, 95%CI = -0.17 ~ -0.01, p = 0.027), but the initial associations between psychiatric clinical practice and authoritarianism, SR disappeared. Conclusions: High education level, long residence in urban, personal care experience and the psychiatric clinical practice were associated with the discrimination of nonpsychiatric nurses towards mental disorders. Further exploring practical strategies to optimize the psychiatric clinical practice experience of nonpsychiatric nurses could help improve their attitudes towards mental disorders.
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Given the widespread use and relapse of methamphetamine (METH), it has caused serious public health burdens globally. However, the neurobiological basis of METH addiction remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate changes in brain networks and their connection to impulsivity and drug craving in abstinent individuals with METH use disorder (MUDs). A total of 110 MUDs and 55 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional MRI and T1-weighted imaging scans, and completed impulsivity and cue-induced craving measurements. We applied independent component analysis to construct functional brain networks and multivariate analysis of covariance to investigate group differences in network connectivity. Mediation analyses were conducted to explore the relationships among brain-network functional connectivity (FC), impulsivity, and drug craving in the patients. MUDs showed increased connectivity in the salience network (SN) and decreased connectivity in the default mode network compared to HCs. Impulsivity was positively correlated with FC within the SN and played a completely mediating role between METH craving and FC within the SN in MUDs. These findings suggest alterations in functional brain networks underlying METH dependence, with SN potentially acting as a core neural substrate for impulse control disorders.
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Trastornos Relacionados con Anfetaminas , Encéfalo , Ansia , Señales (Psicología) , Conducta Impulsiva , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Metanfetamina , Humanos , Masculino , Trastornos Relacionados con Anfetaminas/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastornos Relacionados con Anfetaminas/fisiopatología , Trastornos Relacionados con Anfetaminas/psicología , Adulto , Ansia/fisiología , Conducta Impulsiva/fisiología , Femenino , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Encéfalo/fisiopatología , Metanfetamina/efectos adversos , Red Nerviosa/diagnóstico por imagen , Red Nerviosa/fisiopatología , Vías Nerviosas/fisiopatología , Vías Nerviosas/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Cyanine dyes are widely used organic probes for in vivo imaging due to their tunable fluorescence. They can form complexes with endogenous albumin, resulting in enhanced brightness and photostability. However, this binding is uncontrollable and irreversible, leading to considerable nonspecific background signals and unregulated circulation time. Methods: Here, we connect varying numbers of 4-(4-iodophenyl) butanoic acid (IP) as albumin-binding moieties (ABM) to the cyanine dye, enabling dynamic and controllable binding with albumin. Meanwhile, we provide a blocking method to completely release the dye from covalent capture with albumin, resulting in specific targeting fluorescence. Furthermore, we evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tumor targeting of the developed dyes. Results: The engineered dyes can dynamically and selectively bind with multiple albumins to change the in situ size of assemblies and circulation time, providing programmable regulation over the imaging time window. The nucleophilic substitution of meso-Cl with water-soluble amino acids or targeting peptides for IP-engineered dye further addresses the nonspecific signals caused by albumin, allowing for adjustable angiography time and efficient tumor targeting. Conclusion: This study rationalizes the binding modes of dyes and proteins, applicable to a wide range of near-infrared (NIR) dyes for improving their in vivo molecular imaging.
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Albúminas , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Imagen Óptica , Animales , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Colorantes Fluorescentes/farmacocinética , Albúminas/química , Albúminas/metabolismo , Imagen Óptica/métodos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagen , Ratones , Humanos , Carbocianinas/química , Ratones Desnudos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ratones Endogámicos BALB CRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The high prevalence and addictive features of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents have been documented, but the role of addictive features in the process from NSSI functions to behaviour remains unclear. The major aim of this study was to investigate the effect of addictive features on NSSI functions and the severity of repeated NSSI. METHODS: A total of 10,781 students from primary and middle schools in Chengdu and Karamay were invited to participate in the online cross-sectional survey, and 10,501 completed the survey. Two self-report questionnaires, the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI) and the Adolescent Self-Harm Scale (ASHS), were used to collect data from all participants. RESULTS: Among the students, 23.45% and 6.64% reported having engaged in NSSI at least once or at least five times in the past year. Being a girl, being an only child, and being in a single-parent family were significantly associated with more severe NSSI. Addictive features have high value for predicting repeated NSSI. In addition to their significant independent/direct additive effects, addictive features mediated and moderated the relationship between NSSI functions and increased severity of NSSI in adolescents. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that addictive features play a critical role in the development of repeated NSSI in adolescents, which indicates that addiction models may partially explain the mechanism underlying increased severity of NSSI. This may enhance understanding of the reasons for repeated NSSI and inform interventions for repeated NSSI among adolescents.
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Obeticholic acid (OCA), a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist with favorable effects on fatty and glucose metabolism, has been considered the leading candidate drug for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) treatment. However, its limited effectiveness in resolving liver fibrosis and lipotoxicity-induced cell death remains a major drawback. Ferroptosis, a newly recognized form of cell death characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, is involved in the progression of NASH. Nitric oxide (NO) is a versatile biological molecule that can degrade extracellular matrix. In this study, we developed a PEGylated thiolated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) loaded with OCA, as well as a ferroptosis inhibitor liproxsatin-1 and a NO donor S-nitrosothiol (ONL@MSN). Biochemical analyses, histology, multiplexed flow cytometry, bulk-tissue RNA sequencing, and fecal 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing were utilized to evaluate the effects of the combined nanoparticle (ONL@MSN) in a mouse NASH model. Compared with the OCA-loaded nanoparticles (O@MSN), ONL@MSN not only protected against hepatic steatosis but also greatly ameliorated fibrosis and ferroptosis. ONL@MSN also displayed enhanced therapeutic actions on the maintenance of intrahepatic macrophages/monocytes homeostasis, inhibition of immune response/lipid peroxidation, and correction of microbiota dysbiosis. These findings present a promising synergistic nanotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of NASH by simultaneously targeting FXR, ferroptosis, and fibrosis.
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Introduction: Urban professionals often seek respite from their daily routines through restorative tourism, driven by a complex interplay of motivations that include both internal "push" factors and external "pull" factors. This study investigates the intricate relationship between the perceived environmental restorativeness of tourist destinations and the expectations of urban professionals engaging in restorative tourism. Furthermore, it examines how push and pull motivations mediate this relationship while also considering the moderating effect of destination attributes. Methods: The multiple regression analyses on the survey data collected from 221 urban professionals with restorative tourism experiences provided quantitative evidence regarding the hypothesized relationships among perceived environmental restorativeness, push and pull motivations, destination attributes, and tourism expectations. Results: The results showed that perceived environmental restorativeness has a positive effect on urban professionals' tourism expectations; urban professionals' pull motivation and push motivation each play a mediating role between perceived environmental restorativeness and tourist expectations; and restorative tourism destination attributes have a moderating effect between perceived environmental restorativeness and push motivation, as well as the relationship between perceived environmental restorativeness and pull motivation. Discussion: This study provides essential theoretical contributions to restorative tourism and practical implications when designing restorative tourism destinations that target urban professionals.
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BACKGROUND: Many adolescents experience depression that often goes undetected and untreated. Identifying children and adolescents at a high risk of depression in a timely manner is an urgent concern. While the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) is widely utilized in China, it lacks a localized revision or simplified version. With its 27 items requiring professional administration, the original CDI proves to be a time-consuming method for predicting children and adolescents with high depression risk. Hence, this study aimed to develop a shortened version of the CDI to predict high depression risk, thereby enhancing the efficiency of prediction and intervention. METHODS: Initially, backward elimination is conducted to identify various version of the short-form scales (e.g., three-item and five-item versions). Subsequently, the performance of five machine learning (ML) algorithms on these versions is evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC) to determine the best algorithm. The chosen algorithm is then utilized to model the short-form scales, facilitating the identification of the optimal short-form scale based on predefined evaluation metrics. Following this, evaluation metrics are computed for all potential decision thresholds of the optimal short-form scale, and the threshold value is determined. Finally, the reliability and validity of the optimal short-form scale are assessed using a new sample. RESULTS: The study identified a five-item short-form CDI with a decision threshold of 4 as the most appropriate scale considering all assessment indicators. The scale had 81.48% fewer items than the original version, indicating good predictive performance (AUC = 0.81, Accuracy = 0.83, Recall = 0.76, Precision = 0.71). Based on the test of 315 middle school students, the results showed that the five-item CDI had good measurement indexes (Cronbach's alpha = 0.72, criterion-related validity = 0.77). CONCLUSIONS: This five-item short-form CDI is the first shortened and revised version of the CDI in China based on large local data samples.
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Depresión , Aprendizaje Automático , Humanos , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Masculino , China , Depresión/diagnóstico , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica/normas , Psicometría , AlgoritmosRESUMEN
Near-infrared-I/II fluorescent proteins (NIR-I/II FPs) are crucial for in vivo imaging, yet the current NIR-I/II FPs face challenges including scarcity, the requirement for chromophore maturation, and limited emission wavelengths (typically < 800 nm). Here, we utilize synthetic protein-seeking NIR-II dyes as chromophores, which covalently bind to tag proteins (e.g., human serum albumin, HSA) through a site-specific nucleophilic substitution reaction, thereby creating proof-of-concept biomimetic NIR-II FPs. This chemogenic protein-seeking strategy can be accomplished under gentle physiological conditions without catalysis. Proteomics analysis identifies specific binding site (Cys 477 on DIII). NIR-II FPs significantly enhance chromophore brightness and photostability, while improving biocompatibility, allowing for high-performance NIR-II lymphography and angiography. This strategy is universal and applicable in creating a wide range of spectrally separated NIR-I/II FPs for real-time visualization of multiple biological events. Overall, this straightforward biomimetic approach holds the potential to transform fluorescent protein-based bioimaging and enables in-situ albumin targeting to create NIR-I/II FPs for deep-tissue imaging in live organisms.
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Biomimética , Colorantes , Humanos , Proteínas Luminiscentes/metabolismo , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Imagen Óptica/métodosRESUMEN
Venous blood collection testing is one of the most commonly used medical diagnostic methods. Compared with conventional venous blood collection, robotic collection can reduce needle-stick injuries, medical staff workload, and infection risk; allow doctor-patient isolation; and improve collection reliability. Existing venous blood collection robots use rigid puncture needles, which can easily puncture the lower wall of blood vessels, causing vessel damage and collection failure. This paper proposes a bionic blood collection strategy based on a composite puncture needle that mimics the structure and function of mosquito mouthparts. A bionic composite puncture needle insertion system with puncture-force sensing was designed, and venipuncture forces were simulated and mathematically modelled. A prototype insertion system was built and used in an experiment, which demonstrated effective composite puncture blood collection and explored the factors influencing puncture force. Puncture force decreases with increased puncture speed and angle and with a decreased needle diameter. This provides a basis for optimising the parameters of blood collection robots.
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Individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) often experience anxiety and depressive symptoms during abstinence, which can worsen the likelihood of relapse. Thus, it is essential to understand the neuro-mechanism behind methamphetamine use and its associated emotional withdrawal symptoms in order to develop effective clinical strategies. This study aimed to evaluate associations between emotional withdrawal symptoms and structural covariance networks (SCNs) based on cortical thickness (CTh) across the brain. The CTh measures were obtained from Tl-weighted MRI data from a sample of 48 males with MUD during abstinence and 48 male healthy controls. The severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms was assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and depression (HAMD) scales. Two important nodes belonging to the brain reward system, the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (medPFC), were selected as seeds to conduct SCNs and modulation analysis by emotional symptoms. MUDs showed higher structural covariance between the right rACC and regions in the dorsal attention, right frontoparietal, auditory, visual and limbic networks. They also displayed higher structural covariance between the right medPFC and regions in the limbic network. Moreover, the modulation analysis showed that higher scores on HAMA were associated with increased covariance between the right rACC and the left parahippocampal and isthmus cingulate cortex in the default mode network. These outcomes shed light on the complex neurobiological mechanisms underlying methamphetamine use and its associated emotional withdrawal symptoms and may provide new insights into the development of effective treatments for MUD.
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Emociones , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias , Humanos , Masculino , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Ansiedad/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Mapeo Encefálico , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
A high-performance transition-metal oxide catalyst can be designed by appropriately integrating the concepts of morphology regulation and electronic structure modulation. In this work, hierarchical Co3O4 wreaths (CCW) enriched with oxygen vacancies (Ov) were facilely constructed for the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene (EB) to acetophenone (AP). Under the screened optimal reaction conditions, the CCW catalyst can offer a 79.1% conversion of EB (ri = 0.244 mol gcat-1 h-1) accompanied by a selectivity of 92.3% to AP. The good reaction performance can be attributed to the cooperation of defect engineering and architecture design, which can synergistically facilitate the EB oxidation performance by augmenting the intrinsic reactivity and accessibility of active sites. This work presents a reliable route to construct a high-performance transitional metal oxide catalyst via manipulation of electronic effect and assembly architecture for the selective oxidation of EB and beyond.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is identified as the functional receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the ongoing global coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to elucidate potential therapeutic avenues by scrutinizing approved drugs through the identification of the genetic signature associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with asthma. This exploration was conducted through an integrated analysis, encompassing interaction networks between the ACE2 receptor and common host (co-host) factors implicated in COVID-19/asthma comorbidity. The comprehensive analysis involved the identification of common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) and hub-cDEGs, functional annotations, interaction networks, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and module construction. Interaction networks were used to identify overlapping disease modules and potential drug targets. Computational biology and molecular docking analyzes were utilized to discern functional drug modules. Subsequently, the impact of the identified drugs on the expression of hub-cDEGs was experimentally validated using a mouse model. A total of 153 cDEGs or co-host factors associated with ACE2 were identified in the COVID-19 and asthma comorbidity. Among these, seven significant cDEGs and proteins - namely, HRAS, IFNG, JUN, CDH1, TLR4, ICAM1, and SCD-were recognized as pivotal host factors linked to ACE2. Regulatory network analysis of hub-cDEGs revealed eight top-ranked transcription factors (TFs) proteins and nine microRNAs as key regulatory factors operating at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, respectively. Molecular docking simulations led to the proposal of 10 top-ranked repurposable drug molecules (Rapamycin, Ivermectin, Everolimus, Quercetin, Estradiol, Entrectinib, Nilotinib, Conivaptan, Radotinib, and Venetoclax) as potential treatment options for COVID-19 in individuals with comorbid asthma. Validation analysis demonstrated that Rapamycin effectively inhibited ICAM1 expression in the HDM-stimulated mice group (p < 0.01). This study unveils the common pathogenesis and genetic signature underlying asthma and SARS-CoV-2 infection, delineated by the interaction networks of ACE2-related host factors. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and discovery of drugs aimed at more effective therapeutics within the context of lung disease comorbidities.
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Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina 2 , Asma , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Reposicionamiento de Medicamentos , Animales , Humanos , Ratones , Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina 2/genética , Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina 2/metabolismo , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Asma/genética , Comorbilidad , Biología Computacional/métodos , COVID-19/genética , COVID-19/virología , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efectos de los fármacos , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , SARS-CoV-2/efectos de los fármacos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , SARS-CoV-2/metabolismoRESUMEN
Synthetic near-infrared-II (NIR-II) dyes are promising for deep tissue imaging, yet they are generally difficult to target a given biomolecule with high specificity. Furthermore, the interaction mechanism between albumin and cyanine molecules, which is usually regarded as uncertain "complexes" such as crosslinked nanoparticles, remains poorly understood. Methods: Here, we propose a new class of NIR-II fluorogenic dyes capable of site-specific albumin tagging for in situ albumin seeking/targeting or constructing high-performance cyanine@albumin probes. We further investigate the interaction mechanism between NIR-II fluorogenic dyes and albumin. Results: We identify CO-1080 as an optimal dye structure that produces a stable/bright NIR-II cyanine@albumin probe. CO-1080 exhibits maximum supramolecular binding affinity to albumin while catalyzing their covalent attachment. The probe shows exact binding sites located on Cys476 and Cys101, as identified by proteomic analysis and docking modeling. Conclusion: Our cyanine@albumin probe substantially improves the pharmacokinetics of its free dye counterpart, enabling high-performance NIR-II angiography and lymphography. Importantly, the site-specific labeling tags between NIR-II fluorogenic dyes and albumin occur under mild conditions, offering a specific and straightforward synthesis strategy for NIR-II fluorophores in the fields of targeting bioimaging and imaging-guided surgery.
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Nanopartículas , Proteómica , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Albúminas , Nanopartículas/química , Imagen Óptica/métodosRESUMEN
The catalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene (EB) is a promising route to produce acetophenone (AcPO). Unfortunately, it remains a great challenge to achieve the highly efficient oxidation of EB under solvent-free conditions using molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. In this contribution, we present a facile strategy to construct hierarchical oxygen vacancy-rich Co3O4/CoMoO4 heterostructures (Vö-CCMO), which delivers a high yield value of 74.5% at 83.2% conversion of EB and selectivity of 89.6% to AcPO. Both experimental studies and theoretical calculations substantiate the important role of oxygen-defect engineering triggered by the modified chemistry environment at the interfaces between the biphasic phases, which contributes to the good catalytic performance. This work illustrates a promising paradigm for the exploit of advanced catalysts toward boosting EB oxidation reaction in a more practical way.
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The release of organic contaminants has grown to be a major environmental concern and a threat to the ecology of water bodies. Persulfate-based Advanced Oxidation Technology (PAOT) is effective at eliminating hazardous pollutants and has an extensive spectrum of applications. Iron-based metal-organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs) and their derivatives have exhibited great advantages in activating persulfate for wastewater treatment. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of recent research progress on the significant potential of Fe-MOFs for removing antibiotics, organic dyes, phenols, and other contaminants from aqueous environments. Firstly, multiple approaches for preparing Fe-MOFs, including the MIL and ZIF series were introduced. Subsequently, removal performance of pollutants such as antibiotics of sulfonamides and tetracyclines (TC), organic dyes of rhodamine B (RhB) and acid orange 7 (AO7), phenols of phenol and bisphenol A (BPA) by various Fe-MOFs was compared. Finally, different degradation mechanisms, encompassing free radical degradation pathways and non-free radical degradation pathways were elucidated. This review explores the synthesis methods of Fe-MOFs and their application in removing organic pollutants from water bodies, providing insights for further refining the preparation of Fe-MOFs.
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Methamphetamine is a highly addictive psychostimulant drug that is abused globally and is a serious threat to health worldwide. Unfortunately, the specific mechanism underlying addiction remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics of functional connectivity in the brain network and the factors influencing methamphetamine use disorder in patients using magnetic resonance imaging. We included 96 abstinent male participants with methamphetamine use disorder and 46 age- and sex-matched healthy controls for magnetic resonance imaging. Compared with healthy controls, participants with methamphetamine use disorder had greater impulsivity, fewer small-world attributes of the resting-state network, more nodal topological attributes in the cerebellum, greater functional connectivity strength within the cerebellum and between the cerebellum and brain, and decreased frontoparietal functional connectivity strength. In addition, after controlling for covariates, the partial correlation analysis showed that small-world properties were significantly associated with methamphetamine use frequency, psychological craving, and impulsivity. Furthermore, we revealed that the small-word attribute significantly mediated the effect of methamphetamine use frequency on motor impulsivity in the methamphetamine use disorder group. These findings may further improve our understanding of the neural mechanism of impulse control dysfunction underlying methamphetamine addiction and assist in exploring the neuropathological mechanism underlying methamphetamine use disorder-related dysfunction and rehabilitation.