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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 23062, 2024 10 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39367049

RESUMEN

There is a lack of in-depth research on the impacts and changes in chronic psychological stress (CPS) on the cardiovascular system after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aims to explore the comorbid mechanism and dynamic evolution of AMI exposed to CPS. 120 Wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham Operation group, Sham Operation + Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) group, AMI group and AMI + CUMS group, with each group further divided into subgroups at days 7, 14, and 28. The AMI model was created by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery, and CUMS model was used to induce CPS in rats. Behavioral changes were assessed through open field tests and sucrose preference tests. Cardiac function and structure were evaluated via echocardiography. The serum levels of TNFα, IL-6, NO, ET, CK-MB, cTNT, and ANP were measured using assay kits. Pathological changes in cardiac and brain tissues were observed under an optical microscope. Comparative analysis across different models revealed that CUMS significantly reduced behavioral activities in rats, with an interaction between CUMS and AMI affecting total distance (P < 0.05). Both CUMS and AMI significantly reduced cardiac function indicators, with their interaction effects on LVEF, LVFS, and CO (P < 0.05). AMI significantly altered cardiac structural parameters, particularly on day 28 (P < 0.05); while the impact of CUMS on cardiac structure was not significant, except for a notable reduction in LVAW/s on day 7 in AMI + CUMS group (P < 0.05). AMI caused significant changes in the serum biomarkers, while CUMS only significantly increased cTnT on day 7, ANP, TNFα, and IL-6 on day 14, and CK-MB on day 28, with their interaction effects on the three myocardial injury markers and TNFα (P < 0.05). Comparative analysis across different time points demonstrated that behavioral activity, cardiac function, CK-MB, cTnT, ANP, TNFα, and ET levels decreased significantly over time in the AMI model rats, while the left ventricular mass increased significantly (P < 0.05). Pathologically, compared with stress or AMI alone, the AMI + CUMS group exhibited more severe myocardia cellular degeneration and inflammatory infiltration, causing larger infract areas in myocardial tissue, as well as cell number decreases and morphological changes in hippocampal tissue. AMI with CPS exacerbates myocardial injury through sustained inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, leading to heart-brain pathology manifestations characterized by decreased cardiac function and hippocampal tissue damage.


Asunto(s)
Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Infarto del Miocardio , Ratas Wistar , Estrés Psicológico , Animales , Infarto del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Infarto del Miocardio/metabolismo , Infarto del Miocardio/complicaciones , Estrés Psicológico/fisiopatología , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Ratas , Masculino , Miocardio/metabolismo , Miocardio/patología , Factores de Tiempo , Ecocardiografía , Biomarcadores/sangre
2.
bioRxiv ; 2024 Oct 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39416052

RESUMEN

Tightly controlled duplication of centrosomes, the major microtubule-organizing centers of animal cells, ensures bipolarity of the mitotic spindle and accurate chromosome segregation. The RBCC (RING-B-box-coiled coil) ubiquitin ligase TRIM37, whose loss is associated with elevated chromosome missegregation and the tumor-prone developmental human disorder Mulibrey nanism, prevents the formation of ectopic spindle poles that assemble around structured condensates containing the centrosomal protein centrobin. Here, we show that TRIM37's TRAF domain, unique in the extended TRIM family, engages peptide motifs in centrobin to suppress condensate formation. TRIM proteins form anti-parallel coiled-coil dimers with RING-B-box domains on each end. Oligomerization due to RING-RING interactions and conformational regulation by B-box-2-B-box-2 interfaces are critical for TRIM37 to suppress centrobin condensate formation. These results indicate that, analogous to anti-viral TRIM ligases, TRIM37 activation is linked to the detection of oligomerized substrates. Thus, TRIM37 couples peptide motif recognition and substrate-dependent oligomerization to effect ubiquitination-mediated clearance of ectopic centrosomal protein assemblies.

3.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(42): e40075, 2024 Oct 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39432616

RESUMEN

The study aimed to explore the influencing factors after 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines (Sinopharm/BBIBP-CorV) in the real world. We conducted a cross-sectional serological study involving 316 volunteers aged ≧ 18 years from 7 vaccination hospitals in the Yubei districts, Yuzhong districts, and Jiulongpo districts of Chongqing. Serum samples were obtained about 1 month after 2 dose vaccination, and Nabs were tested using the pseudovirus-based neutralizing assay. Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were used to analyze the seropositive rates, while the Kruskal-Wallis H or Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze differences in Nabs level among stratified groups. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the influencing factors. The results showed that seropositive rates was 76.27% and the GMT was 26.13 (95% CI: 23.03-29.66) after 2 doses of COVID-19 inactivated vaccination. The risk of being seropositive in 18 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, and 60 to 69 years were 12.808-fold, 8.041-fold, 7.818-fold, 6.275-fold, 1.429-fold compared with the people aged ≥ 70 years (P < .05), and the risk of being seropositive of intervals 15 to 21 and 22 to 28 days were 0.273-fold and 0.286-fold compared with >28 days (P < .05), respectively. In conclusion, age may be a risk factor for reduced antibody production, and longer vaccination intervals-may be a protective factor that increases antibody production. These findings contribute to informing future vaccination strategies.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/inmunología , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/administración & dosificación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Femenino , China/epidemiología , Adulto , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/inmunología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunología , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/administración & dosificación , Anciano , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes/sangre , Factores de Edad , Formación de Anticuerpos/inmunología
4.
J Phys Chem A ; 128(41): 8825-8832, 2024 Oct 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39360988

RESUMEN

Structure determines the properties. However, whether electronic structure determines geometry or geometry determines electronic structure seems a philosophical question in a chicken and egg situation, which remains unclear. In this work, by applying density functional theory (DFT) and DMRG(4n,4n)-CASSCF methods, theoretical investigation suggested that the dual antiaromaticity in cyclo[2n]carbons with even n should be attributed to the electron correlation effect, instead of decreased geometric symmetry, which actually exists in all cyclo[2n]carbon molecules and does not point out the essence. Such dual antiaromaticity can be conceptualized as electron correlation-stabilized dual antiaromaticity. Results also showed that DFT is reliable for cyclocarbons larger than C14, but we should be careful when applying it to smaller ones. DFT failed to give the correct structure of C6 compared with density matrix renormalization group results.

5.
Cureus ; 16(9): e69483, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39416534

RESUMEN

Acute aortic dissections are considered surgical emergencies because they are catastrophic bleeding events. The risk of bleeding is further increased if the patient requires anticoagulation for other comorbidities, such as a mechanical heart valve.  This case study describes a 73-year-old gentleman who presented with massive hemoptysis due to an acute aortic dissection complicated by pulmonary hemorrhage in the context of previous aortic dissection with multiple repair surgeries and residual chronic aortic dissection. He was also on warfarin for a mechanical aortic valve complicated by supratherapeutic international normalized ratio. His acute aortic dissection was treated conservatively without surgery, and he survived. Concerning the risk of thromboembolism from the mechanical aortic valve, anticoagulation was reintroduced one week after his initial bleeding. We changed warfarin to enoxaparin, which was started at a small dose, 40 mg subcutaneously once a day, then gradually increased to the full therapeutic dose, 90 mg (1 mg/kg) twice daily over a week. He was not fully anticoagulated for two weeks. Fortunately, he did not develop any thrombosis. Hemoglobin and Factor Xa levels were closely monitored. He tolerated the enoxaparin without further bleeding.  This type of case is rare and has not been previously reported, considering the patient survived acute aortic dissection with conservative management, did not develop any thrombosis from the mechanical aortic valve when anticoagulation was withheld, and did not experience rebleeding when anticoagulation was restarted. Further research and guidelines are needed to assist clinicians in managing anticoagulation when facing the dilemmas of the risk of bleeding and the risk of thromboembolism. This is particularly important in complex scenarios, such as for patients with mechanical heart valves who subsequently develop contraindications such as aortic dissection or other life-threatening bleeding events.

6.
Aesthetic Plast Surg ; 2024 Sep 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39304610

RESUMEN

With increased breast cancer survival rates, the demand for breast reconstruction is rising. Autologous fat grafting (AFG) has gained popularity in breast reconstruction for its soft texture, low immune rejection, and easy accessibility. The hotspot burst analysis identified emerging burst hotspots: survival volume, surgical outcomes, and oncological safety. The Walktrap algorithm highlighted promising areas: "survival, brava" and "safety, cancer." Several studies have demonstrated the oncological safety of AFG for breast reconstruction, but more large-scale, long-term studies are needed. Additionally, AFG faces challenges like unpredictable graft survival and fat stability. Optimizing AFG procedures is crucial to enhance fat survival, reduce complications, and improve patient satisfaction.Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/0026 .

7.
BMC Genomics ; 25(1): 831, 2024 Sep 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39227779

RESUMEN

Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pectobacterium aroidearum represent the primary pathogens causing variable soft rot disease. However, the fundamental defense responses of Pinellia ternata to pathogens remain unclear. Our investigation demonstrated that the disease produced by P. carotovorum is more serious than P. aroidearum. RNA-seq analysis indicated that many cell wall-related genes, receptor-like kinase genes, and resistance-related genes were induced by P. aroidearum and P. carotovorum similarly. But many different regulatory pathways exert a crucial function in plant immunity against P. aroidearum and P. carotovorum, including hormone signaling, whereas more auxin-responsive genes were responsive to P. carotovorum, while more ethylene and gibberellin-responsive genes were responsive to P. aroidearum. 12 GDSL esterase/lipase genes and 3 fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein genes were specifically upregulated by P. carotovorum, whereas 11 receptor-like kinase genes and 8 disease resistance genes were up-regulated only by P. aroidearum. Among them, a lectin gene (part1transcript/39001) was induced by P. carotovorum and P. aroidearum simultaneously. Transient expression in N. benthamiana demonstrated that the lectin gene improves plant resistance to P. carotovorum. This study offers a comprehensive perspective on P. ternata immunity produced by different soft rot pathogens and reveals the importance of lectin in anti-soft rot of P. ternata for the first time.


Asunto(s)
Resistencia a la Enfermedad , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Pectobacterium carotovorum , Pinellia , Enfermedades de las Plantas , Enfermedades de las Plantas/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/inmunología , Pinellia/genética , Pinellia/microbiología , Pectobacterium carotovorum/fisiología , Resistencia a la Enfermedad/genética , Pectobacterium/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Transcriptoma
8.
World J Surg Oncol ; 22(1): 240, 2024 Sep 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39244533

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Postoperative recurrence is a vital reason for poor 5-year overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The ADV score is considered a parameter that can quantify HCC aggressiveness. This study aimed to identify HCC patients at high-risk of recurrence early using the ADV score. METHODS: The medical data of consecutive HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy from The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (TFAHNJMU) and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (NJDTH) were retrospectively reviewed. Based on the status of microvascular invasion and the Edmondson-Steiner grade, HCC patients were divided into three groups: low-risk group (group 1: no risk factor exists), medium-risk group (group 2: one risk factor exists), and high-risk group (group 3: coexistence of two risk factors). In the training cohort (TFAHNJMU), the R package nnet was used to establish a multi-categorical unordered logistic regression model based on the ADV score to predict three risk groups. The Welch's T-test was used to compare differences in clinical variables in three predicted risk groups. NJDTH served as an external validation center. At last, the confusion matrix was developed using the R package caret to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the model. RESULTS: 350 and 405 patients from TFAHNJMU and NJDTH were included. HCC patients in different risk groups had significantly different liver function and inflammation levels. Density maps demonstrated that the ADV score could best differentiate between the three risk groups. The probability curve was plotted according to the predicted results of the multi-categorical unordered logistic regression model, and the best cut-off values of the ADV score were as follows: low-risk ≤ 3.4 log, 3.4 log < medium-risk ≤ 5.7 log, and high-risk > 5.7 log. The sensitivities of the ADV score predicting the high-risk group (group 3) were 70.2% (99/141) and 78.8% (63/80) in the training and external validation cohort, respectively. CONCLUSION: The ADV score might become a valuable marker for screening patients at high-risk of HCC recurrence with a cut-off value of 5.7 log, which might help surgeons, pathologists, and HCC patients make appropriate clinical decisions.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Hepatectomía , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirugía , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugía , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Masculino , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios de Seguimiento , Pronóstico , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Medición de Riesgo/estadística & datos numéricos , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/métodos , Invasividad Neoplásica , Tasa de Supervivencia , Anciano
10.
EMBO Rep ; 2024 Sep 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39223385

RESUMEN

Dinoflagellates, a class of unicellular eukaryotic phytoplankton, exhibit minimal transcriptional regulation, representing a unique model for exploring gene expression. The biosynthesis, distribution, regulation, and function of mRNA N1-methyladenosine (m1A) remain controversial due to its limited presence in typical eukaryotic mRNA. This study provides a comprehensive map of m1A in dinoflagellate mRNA and shows that m1A, rather than N6-methyladenosine (m6A), is the most prevalent internal mRNA modification in various dinoflagellate species, with an asymmetric distribution along mature transcripts. In Amphidinium carterae, we identify 6549 m1A sites characterized by a non-tRNA T-loop-like sequence motif within the transcripts of 3196 genes, many of which are involved in regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Enriched within 3'UTRs, dinoflagellate mRNA m1A levels negatively correlate with translation efficiency. Nitrogen depletion further decreases mRNA m1A levels. Our data suggest that distinctive patterns of m1A modification might influence the expression of metabolism-related genes through translational control.

11.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 16(40): 54154-54162, 2024 Oct 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39329267

RESUMEN

In recent years, the rapid expansion of research and application of the Internet of Things and wearable electronics has prompted the development of a variety of sensors to perceive physical or chemical information from both the human body and the environment, among which the proximity sensor is a kind of noncontact sensor used to detect the approach of a target and thus exhibits promising applications in human-machine interactions. Thin-film transistors are one type of key components in modern electronics and have been further developed as electrostatic-induction-type proximity sensors to perceive the approach of electrically charged objects. However, they are immune to the approach of a zero-potential object. Capacitive-induction-type proximity sensors are capable of detecting the approach of conductive targets while being less sensitive to insulated ones. Integration of both electrostatic and capacitive induction mechanisms into one proximity sensor is highly expected to broaden its perception to a variety of targets. Here, an interdigital electrode was introduced as an extended gate into an amorphous metal oxide thin-film transistor to construct proximity sensors that combine both electrostatic and capacitive induction mechanisms and therefore can sensitively perceive the approach of a variety of objects that were electrically charged, grounded, or floated. Besides proximity sensing, remote velocity measurement and positioning of an invasive object were also realized, which further extended its functions as a kind of interdigital-electrode gate transistor.

12.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 15: 1399757, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39345884

RESUMEN

This paper explores the significant role of epigenetics in women's reproductive health, focusing on the impact of environmental factors. It highlights the crucial link between epigenetic modifications-such as DNA methylation and histones post-translational modifications-and reproductive health issues, including infertility and pregnancy complications. The paper reviews the influence of pollutants like PM2.5, heavy metals, and endocrine disruptors on gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms, emphasizing the need for understanding how dietary, lifestyle choices, and exposure to chemicals affect gene expression and reproductive health. Future research directions include deeper investigation into epigenetics in female reproductive health and leveraging gene editing to mitigate epigenetic changes for improving IVF success rates and managing reproductive disorders.


Asunto(s)
Epigénesis Genética , Salud Reproductiva , Salud de la Mujer , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Metilación de ADN , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Disruptores Endocrinos/efectos adversos , Contaminantes Ambientales/toxicidad
13.
Cancer J ; 30(5): 320-328, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39312452

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: Cancer development takes 10 to 50 years, and epigenetics plays an important role. Recent evidence suggests that ~80% of human cancers are linked to environmental factors impinging upon genetics/epigenetics. Because advanced metastasized cancers are resistant to radiation/chemotherapeutic drugs, cancer prevention by relatively nontoxic "epigenetic modifiers" will be logical. Many dietary phytochemicals possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that are hallmarks of cancer prevention. Dietary phytochemicals can regulate gene expression of the cellular genome via epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we will summarize preclinical studies that demonstrate epigenetic mechanisms of dietary phytochemicals in skin, colorectal, and prostate cancer prevention. Key examples of the importance of epigenetic regulation in carcinogenesis include hypermethylation of the NRF2 promoter region in cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of NRF2-ARE signaling. Many dietary phytochemicals demethylate NRF2 promoter region and restore NRF2 signaling. Phytochemicals can also inhibit inflammatory responses via hypermethylation of inflammation-relevant genes to block gene expression. Altogether, dietary phytochemicals are excellent candidates for cancer prevention due to their low toxicity, potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and powerful epigenetic effects in reversing procarcinogenic events.


Asunto(s)
Epigénesis Genética , Neoplasias , Fitoquímicos , Humanos , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Fitoquímicos/uso terapéutico , Epigénesis Genética/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias/prevención & control , Neoplasias/genética , Metilación de ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Dieta , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo
14.
ACS Macro Lett ; 13(10): 1226-1232, 2024 Oct 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39248726

RESUMEN

A simple and effective strategy to obtain solid-state multicolor emitting materials is a particularly attractive topic. Nonconventional/nonconjugated polymers are receiving widespread attention because of their advantages of rich structural diversity, low cost, and good processability. However, it is difficult to control the molecular conformation or to obtain the crystal structure of amorphous molecules, which means it is a challenge to obtain nontraditional polymeric materials with multicolor emission. In this work, a polyurethane derivative (PUH) with red-shifted emission was synthesized by a simple one-pot polymerization reaction. By exploiting the aggregation-induced luminochromism of PUH, a series of plastic films with tunable emission from blue to orange, and white-light emission, was obtained by doping different amounts of PUH into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), thereby changing the aggregation degree of PUH. This work demonstrates the excellent promise of polyurethane derivatives for the simple fabrication of large-scale flexible luminescent films.

15.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(15)2024 Jul 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39125853

RESUMEN

In the development and progression of cervical cancer, oxidative stress plays an important role within the cells. Among them, Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11/xCT) is crucial for maintaining the synthesis of glutathione and the antioxidant system in cervical cancer cells. In various tumor cells, studies have shown that SLC7A11 inhibits ferroptosis, a form of cell death, by mediating cystine uptake and maintaining glutathione synthesis. Additionally, SLC7A11 is also involved in promoting tumor metastasis and immune evasion. Therefore, inhibiting the SLC7A11/xCT axis has become a potential therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer. In this study, through structure-based high-throughput virtual screening, a compound targeting the SLC7A11/xCT axis named compound 1 (PubChem CID: 3492258) was discovered. In vitro experiments using HeLa cervical cancer cells as the experimental cell model showed that compound 1 could reduce intracellular glutathione levels, increase glutamate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, disrupt the oxidative balance within HeLa cells, and induce cell death. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation results showed that compound 1 has a stronger binding affinity with SLC7A11 compared to the positive control erastin. Overall, all the results mentioned above indicate the potential of compound 1 in targeting the SLC7A11/xCT axis and treating cervical cancer both in vitro and in silico.


Asunto(s)
Sistema de Transporte de Aminoácidos y+ , Glutatión , Simulación de Dinámica Molecular , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Humanos , Sistema de Transporte de Aminoácidos y+/metabolismo , Sistema de Transporte de Aminoácidos y+/antagonistas & inhibidores , Células HeLa , Glutatión/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Femenino , Descubrimiento de Drogas/métodos , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/química , Simulación por Computador , Ferroptosis/efectos de los fármacos
16.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; 63(45): e202412740, 2024 Nov 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39107257

RESUMEN

The production of ammonia (NH3) from nitrogen sources involves competitive adsorption of different intermediates and multiple electron and proton transfers, presenting grand challenges in catalyst design. In nature nitrogenases reduce dinitrogen to NH3 using two component proteins, in which electrons and protons are delivered from Fe protein to the active site in MoFe protein for transfer to the bound N2. We draw inspiration from this structural enzymology, and design a two-component metal-sulfur-carbon (M-S-C) catalyst composed of sulfur-doped carbon-supported ruthenium (Ru) single atoms (SAs) and nanoparticles (NPs) for the electrochemical reduction of nitrate (NO3 -) to NH3. The catalyst demonstrates a remarkable NH3 yield rate of ~37 mg L-1 h-1 and a Faradaic efficiency of ~97 % for over 200 hours, outperforming those consisting solely of SAs or NPs, and even surpassing most reported electrocatalysts. Our experimental and theoretical investigations reveal the critical role of Ru SAs with the coordination of S in promoting the formation of the HONO intermediate and the subsequent reduction reaction over the NP-surface nearby. Such process results in a more energetically accessible pathway for NO3 - reduction on Ru NPs co-existing with SAs. This study proves a better understanding of how M-S-Cs act as a synthetic nitrogenase mimic during ammonia synthesis, and contributes to the future mechanism-based catalyst design.


Asunto(s)
Carbono , Nitrogenasa , Azufre , Nitrogenasa/química , Nitrogenasa/metabolismo , Catálisis , Carbono/química , Azufre/química , Rutenio/química , Amoníaco/química , Amoníaco/metabolismo , Oxidación-Reducción , Nitratos/química , Nitratos/metabolismo
17.
Sensors (Basel) ; 24(15)2024 Jul 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39123897

RESUMEN

In this work, a two-parameter inversion problem is analyzed, related to surface crack widths for measuring depths of normal surface notches, based on a laser-based ultrasonic measurement method in the time domain. In determining the depth measurement formulas, the main technique is the time delay between reflected and scattered waves. Scattered waves are generated by two reflections along the bottom and three mode transformations at the surface of the crack tips. Moreover, the scattering angle of the mode-conversion waves is 30°. These two key factors lead to corrected item "2wß" in the depth measurement formula. A laser-based ultrasonic experimental platform is built to generate and receive surface waves in a non-contact manner on aluminum and steel specimens with surface cracks. The depth measurement method proposed in this paper has been validated through theoretical, simulation, and experimental methods. Finally, in this paper, an effective approach for quantitatively measuring crack depths, based on laser ultrasound, using the time-domain properties of surface wave propagation is provided.

19.
Comput Biol Med ; 180: 109013, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39137670

RESUMEN

Antidiabetic peptides (ADPs), peptides with potential antidiabetic activity, hold significant importance in the treatment and control of diabetes. Despite their therapeutic potential, the discovery and prediction of ADPs remain challenging due to limited data, the complex nature of peptide functions, and the expensive and time-consuming nature of traditional wet lab experiments. This study aims to address these challenges by exploring methods for the discovery and prediction of ADPs using advanced deep learning techniques. Specifically, we developed two models: a single-channel CNN and a three-channel neural network (CNN + RNN + Bi-LSTM). ADPs were primarily gathered from the BioDADPep database, alongside thousands of non-ADPs sourced from anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral peptide datasets. Subsequently, data preprocessing was performed with the evolutionary scale model (ESM-2), followed by model training and evaluation through 10-fold cross-validation. Furthermore, this work collected a series of newly published ADPs as an independent test set through literature review, and found that the CNN model achieved the highest accuracy (90.48 %) in predicting the independent test set, surpassing existing ADP prediction tools. Finally, the application of the model was considered. SeqGAN was used to generate new candidate ADPs, followed by screening with the constructed CNN model. Selected peptides were then evaluated using physicochemical property prediction and structural forecasts for pharmaceutical potential. In summary, this study not only established robust ADP prediction models but also employed these models to screen a batch of potential ADPs, addressing a critical need in the field of peptide-based antidiabetic research.


Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje Profundo , Hipoglucemiantes , Péptidos , Hipoglucemiantes/química , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Péptidos/química , Péptidos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Descubrimiento de Drogas/métodos , Redes Neurales de la Computación
20.
Hum Vaccin Immunother ; 20(1): 2389602, 2024 Dec 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39171541

RESUMEN

The factors affecting the antibody responses to the ZF2001 vaccine remain unknown. To address this, we conducted a cross-sectional serological study in the real world. Adults with no prior SARS-CoV-2 infection history and received three doses of ZF2001 vaccine were invited to our study in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic in Chongqing between 7 April 2021 and 17 November 2021. A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain demographic characteristics, health information, and the frequency of lifestyles at the time of enrollment. A total of 266 eligible subjects aged 18 to 86 years, with a median age of 56.00 (IQR: 34-66) participated. 68.80% of them were female. Hypertension (13.16%) and diabetes (6.02%) were common comorbidities. Serum samples were collected at one month after the third dose of ZF2001 vaccination, and serological testing was conducted using the Pseudovirus-Based Neutralization Assay. The chi-square test was employed to compare seropositivity rates, and the Mann-Whitney U test or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the neutralizing antibodies level in stratified groups. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the influencing factors. We observed that seropositivity rates was 76.32%, with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 70.85%-81.03%, and geometric mean titer (GMT) was 120.26, with 95%CI 100.38-144.08. Age, diabetes, and frequently of alcohol were negative associations with antibody response (ß = -0.2021, 95% CI: -0.2507 to -0.1535, ß = -0.2873, 95% CI: -0.5590 to -0.0155, ß = -0.2082, 95% CI: -0.3419 to-0.0746, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0384, P = 0.0024). Conversely, the -interval between 1 and 2 dose and frequently of tea were positive associations with antibody response (ß = 0.1369, 95% CI: 0.0463 to 0.2275, ß = 0.0830, 95% CI: 0.0106 to 0.1554, P = 0.0032, P = 0.0247). Overall, the ZF2001 vaccine-induced antibody response was influenced by a multifactor that may provide a reference for the development of personalized antigen vaccines and vaccination strategies in the future.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Neutralizantes , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/inmunología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Adulto , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , China/epidemiología , Anciano , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/inmunología , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/administración & dosificación , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes/sangre , Adulto Joven , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Adolescente , Vacunación , Formación de Anticuerpos , Vacunas Sintéticas/inmunología , Vacunas Sintéticas/administración & dosificación , Proteínas Recombinantes/inmunología
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