Species-Specific Responses of Bloom-Forming Algae to the Ocean Warming and Acidification.

Macroalgal biomass blooms, including those causing the green and golden tides, have been rising along Chinese coasts, resulting in considerable social impacts and economic losses. To understand the links between the ongoing climate changes (ocean warming and acidification) and algal tide formation, the effects of temperature (20 and 24 °C), pCO2 concentration (Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide, 410 ppm and 1000 ppm) and their interaction on the growth of Ulva prolifera and Ulva lactuca (green tide forming species), as well as Sargassum horneri (golden tide forming species) were investigated. The results indicate that the concurrent rises in temperature and pCO2 level significantly boosted the growth and nutrient uptake rates of U. lactuca. For U. prolifera, the heightened growth and photosynthetic efficiency under higher CO2 conditions are likely due to the increased availability of inorganic carbon. In contrast, S. horneri exhibited negligible responsiveness to the individual and combined effects of the increased temperature and CO2 concentration. These outcomes indicate that the progressive climate changes, characterized by ocean warming and acidification, are likely to escalate the incidence of green tides caused by Ulva species, whereas they are not anticipated to precipitate golden tides.

Effect of copper and temperature on the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Ulva linza under elevated CO2 concentrations.

Copper (Cu) is vital for macroalgae's functions, but high concentrations can be toxic. Rising CO2 levels affect algal growth and Cu bioavailability. In this study, the results reveal that at 5 °C, low Cu increased Ulva linza growth, while high Cu and elevated CO2 decreased growth. At 10 °C, low Cu and elevated CO2 enhanced growth, but high Cu did not have a significant impact. At 15 °C, high Cu reduced growth, but elevated CO2 offset this effect. Furthermore, under elevated CO2 conditions, the chloroplast structure of the algae appeared to be denser, accompanied by a large amount of starch granules, compared to low CO2 conditions. These results emphasize that lower temperatures, in conjunction with elevated CO2 concentration, could intensify the toxic effects of high Cu concentrations on thalli. However, at higher temperatures, elevated CO2 concentration appeared to be capable of mitigating the detrimental effects of heavy metals on algae.

Ocean acidification may alleviate the toxicity of zinc to the macroalga, Ulva lactuca.

We investigated the toxic effects of different zinc (Zn) concentrations (natural seawater, 25 µg/L, and 100 µg/L) under two CO2 concentrations (410 ppmv, and 1000 ppmv) on Ulva lactuca. A significant decrease in the relative growth rate of U. lactuca was observed with an increase in Zn concentration under the low CO2 treatment condition, and we observed a notable decrease at 100 µg/L Zn under the high CO2 treatment condition. Moreover, the net photosynthetic rate increased when thalli were cultured under 25 and 100 µg/L Zn under the high CO2 treatment condition. The concentrations of chlorophyll a and b were significantly increased under 100 µg/L Zn and the high CO2 treatment conditions. Malondialdehyde content decreased under high CO2 treatment conditions, compared with the low CO2 treatment conditions, regardless of the Zn concentration. These findings suggest that ocean acidification may alleviate the toxic effects of Zn pollution on U. lactuca.

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Phage against Vibrio alginolyticus Belonging to a New Genus.

Vibrio alginolyticus causes substantial economic losses in the aquaculture industry. With the rise of multidrug-resistant Vibrio strains, phages present a promising solution. Here, a novel lytic Vibrio phage, vB_ValC_RH2G (RH2G), that efficiently infects the pathogenic strain V. alginolyticus ATCC 17749T, was isolated from mixed wastewater from an aquatic market in Xiamen, China. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that RH2G has the morphology of Siphoviruses, featuring an icosahedral head (73 ± 2 nm diameter) and long noncontractile tail (142 ± 4 nm). A one-step growth experiment showed that RH2G had a short latent period (10 min) and a burst size of 48 phage particles per infected cell. Additionally, RH2G was highly species-specific and was relatively stable at 4-55 °C and pH 4-10. A genomic analysis showed that RH2G has a 116,749 bp double-stranded DNA genome with 43.76% GC content. The intergenomic similarity between the genome sequence of RH2G and other phages recorded in the GenBank database was below 38.8%, suggesting that RH2G represents a new genus. RH2G did not exhibit any virulence or resistance genes. Its rapid lysis capacity, lytic activity, environmental resilience, and genetic safety suggested that RH2G may be a safe candidate for phage therapy in combatting vibriosis in aquaculture settings.

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Vibrio Phage vB_ValA_R15Z.

Vibrio phages have emerged as a potential alternative to antibiotic therapy for treating Vibrio infections. In this study, a lytic Vibrio phage, vB_ValA_R15Z against Vibrio alginolyticus ATCC 17749T, was isolated from an aquatic water sample collected in Xiamen, China. The phage had an icosahedral head (diameter 69 ± 2 nm) and a short, non-contractile tail measuring 16 ± 2 nm. The genome of vB_ValA_R15Z was found to be a double-stranded DNA consisting of 43, 552 bp, containing 54 coding sequences (CDSs) associated with phage packaging, structure, DNA metabolism, lysis and additional functions. The BLASTN results indicated that vB_ValA_R15Z shared less than 90.18% similarity with known phages recorded in the NCBI GenBank database, suggesting that vB_ValA_R15Z was a novel Vibrio phage. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed that vB_ValA_R15Z belongs to the genus Kaohsiungvirus. In addition, a typical lytic mechanism (holin-endolysim) was found in the genome of vB_ValA_R15Z, while no antibiotic resistance- or virulence factor-related gene was detected. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the isolation and characterization of vB_ValA_R15Z, highlighting its potential as an effective phage therapy option for combating Vibrio alginolyticus infections.

Knowledge mapping analysis of the global seaweed research using CiteSpace.

Seaweed research has gained substantial momentum in recent years, attracting the attention of researchers, academic institutions, industries, policymakers, and philanthropists to explore its potential applications and benefits. Despite the growing body of literature, there is a paucity of comprehensive scientometric analyses, highlighting the need for an in-depth investigation. In this study, we utilized CiteSpace to examine the global seaweed research landscape through the Web of Science Core Collection database, assessing publication trends, collaboration patterns, network structures, and co-citation analyses across 48,278 original works published since 1975. Our results demonstrate a diverse and active research community, with a multitude of authors and journals contributing to the advancement of seaweed science. Thematic co-citation cluster analysis identified three primary research areas: "Coral reef," "Solar radiation," and "Mycosporine-like amino acid," emphasizing the multidisciplinary nature of seaweed research. The increasing prominence of "Chemical composition" and "Antioxidant" keywords indicates a burgeoning interest in characterizing the nutritional value and health-promoting properties of seaweed. Timeline co-citation analysis unveils that recent research priorities have emerged around the themes of coral reefs, ocean acidification, and antioxidants, underlining the evolving focus and interdisciplinary approach of the field. Moreover, our analysis highlights the potential of seaweed as a functional food product, poised to contribute significantly to addressing global food security and sustainability challenges. This study underscores the importance of bibliometric analysis in elucidating the global seaweed research landscape and emphasizes the need for sustained knowledge exchange and collaboration to drive the field forward. By revealing key findings and emerging trends, our research offers valuable insights for academics and stakeholders, fostering a more profound understanding of seaweed's potential and informing future research endeavors in this promising domain.

The tolerance of two marine diatoms to diurnal pH fluctuation under dynamic light condition and ocean acidification scenario.

Coastal waters undergo dynamic changes in seawater carbonate chemistry due to natural and anthropogenic factors. Despite this, our current understanding of how coastal phytoplankton respond to fluctuating pH is limited. In the present study, we investigated the physiological responses of two coastal diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and Thalassiosira weissflogii to seawater acidification and diurnally fluctuating pH under natural solar irradiance. Seawater acidification did not significantly impact the growth, maximum and effective quantum yield of PSII, and photosynthetic rates of the two species. However, it did increase the maximum relative electron transport rate of T. weissflogii by 11%. Overall, fluctuating pH had neutral or positive effects on both species. It enhanced the light-saturated photosynthetic rate of T. weissflogii by 20% compared to cells grown under seawater acidification condition. Results from the short-term pH exposure experiment revealed that the photosynthetic rates of both species remained unaffected by acute pH changes, indicating their tolerance to varying pH. Nevertheless, it is crucial to consider dynamic pH when predicting changes in primary production in coastal waters, given the interplay of various environmental drivers.

Ocean acidification and desalination increase the growth and photosynthesis of the diatom Skeletonema costatum isolated from the coastal water of the Yellow Sea.

Global climate changes induce substantial alterations in the marine system, including ocean acidification (OA), desalination and warming of surface seawater. Here, we examined the combined effects of OA and reduced salinity under different temperatures on the growth and photosynthesis of the diatom Skeletonema costatum. After having been acclimated to 2 CO2 concentrations (400 µatm, 1000 µatm) and 2 salinity levels (20 psu, 30 psu) at temperature levels of 10 °C and 20 °C, the diatom showed enhanced growth rate at the lowered salinity and elevated pCO2 irrespective of the temperature. The OA treatment increased the net photosynthetic rate and biogenic silica (Bsi) contents. Increasing the temperature from 10 to 20 °C raised the net photosynthetic rate by over twofold. The elevated pCO2 increased the net and gross photosynthetic rates by 20%-40% and by 16%-32%, respectively, with the higher enhancement observed at the higher levels of salinity and temperature. Our results imply that OA and desalination along with warming to the levels tested can enhance S. costatum's competitiveness in coastal phytoplankton communities under influence of future climate changes.

Short-term responses of temperate and subarctic marine diatoms to Irgarol 1051 and UV radiation: Insights into temperature interactions.

Phytoplankton face numerous pressures resulting from chemical and physical stressors, primarily induced by human activities. This study focuses on investigating the interactive effects of widely used antifouling agent Irgarol 1051 and UV radiation on the photo-physiology of marine diatoms from diverse latitudes, within the context of global warming. Our findings clearly shown that both Irgarol and UV radiation have a significant inhibitory impact on the photochemical performance of the three diatoms examined, with Irgarol treatment exhibiting more pronounced effects. In the case of the two temperate zone diatoms, we observed a decrease in the inhibition induced by Irgarol 1051 and UVR as the temperature increased up to 25°C. Similarly, for the subarctic species, an increase in temperature resulted in a reduction in the inhibition caused by Irgarol and UVR. These results suggest that elevated temperatures can mitigate the short-term inhibitory effects of both Irgarol and UVR on diatoms. Furthermore, our data indicate that increased temperature could significantly interact with UVR or Irgarol for temperate diatoms, while this was not the case for cold water diatoms, indicating temperate and subarctic diatoms may respond differentially under global warming.

A photothermal MoS2 decorated biomass carbon-based aerogel with a directionally aligned porous structure for mitigating heavy metal stress under seawater acidification.

Marine animals and human are threatened by seawater acidification and metal contamination. Especially, the toxicity of copper (Cu) is expected to be boosted with seawater acidification. However, studies on the removal of Cu under seawater acidification are limited for practical applications, owing to obstacles such as instability, secondary contamination, and low adsorption efficiency. In this work, coconut shells were utilized for the synthesis of biomass carbon, which was then decorated with MoS2. A novel porous MoS2/carbon-based aerogel (MCA) with the synergistic effect of photothermal conversion and adsorption was constructed via directional freeze-drying technology. The adsorption properties of MCA were a precise match with Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models with a high correlation coefficient (R2) of more than 0.995. Under solar illumination, the surface temperature of MCA reached up to 36.3 °C and the adsorption capacity of MCA increased to 833.8 mg g-1, indicating that the remarkable thermal properties of MCA contributed to achieving high adsorption capacity. The adsorption mechanisms of MCA involved in the removal of Cu(ii) ions were dominated by chemisorption rather than surface physical adsorption. Owing to its outstanding photothermal conversion performance and directionally aligned porous structure, MCA was able to remove Cu(ii) species from seawater, and the adsorption ability of MCA reached 247.1 mg g-1 after ten adsorption cycles. MCA exhibited excellent stability to resist the complex natural environment and was easy to reuse. Overall, MCA with a series of merits, including high adsorption efficiency, excellent photothermal conversion property, and outstanding cycling stability, was confirmed to contribute to addressing heavy metal stress under seawater acidification.

The structure and assembly mechanisms of T4-like cyanophages community in the South China Sea.

Marine ecosystems contain an immense diversity of phages, many of which infect cyanobacteria (cyanophage) that are largely responsible for primary productivity. To characterize the genetic diversity and biogeographic distribution of the marine T4-like cyanophage community in the northern South China Sea, the T4-like cyanophage portal protein gene (g20) was amplified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that marine T4-like cyanophages were highly diverse, with g20 operational taxonomic units being affiliated with five defined clades (Clusters I-V). Cluster II had a wide geographic distribution, Cluster IV was the most abundant in the open sea, and Cluster I was dominant in coastal shelf environments. Our results showed T4-like cyanophages (based on g20) community was generally shaped via heterogeneous selection. Highly variable environmental factors (such as salinity and temperature) can heterogeneously select different cyanophage communities. Nevertheless, the dominant drivers of the T4-like cyanophage community based on the g20 and g23 (T4-like phage major capsid protein gene) were different, probably due to different coverages by the primer sets. Furthermore, the community assembly processes of T4-like cyanophages were affected by host traits (abundance and distribution), viral traits (latent period, burst size, and host range), and environmental properties (temperature and salinity).IMPORTANCECyanophages are abundant and ubiquitous in the oceans, altering population structures and evolution of cyanobacteria, which account for a large portion of global carbon fixation, through host mortality, horizontal gene transfer, and the modulation of host metabolism. However, little is known about the biogeography and ecological drivers that shape the cyanophage community. Here, we use g20 and g23 genes to examine the biogeographic patterns and the assembly mechanisms of T4-like cyanophage community in the northern part of the South China Sea. The different coverages of primer sets might lead to the different dominant drivers of T4-like cyanophage community based on g20 and g23 genes. Our results showed that characteristics of viral traits (latent period, burst size, and host range) and host traits (abundance and distribution) were found to either limit or enhance the biogeographic distribution of T4-like cyanophages. Overall, both virus and host properties are critical to consider when determining rules of community assembly for viruses.

Warming exacerbates the impacts of ultraviolet radiation in temperate diatoms but alleviates the effect on polar species.

Under global change scenarios, the sea surface temperature is increasing steadily along with other changes to oceanic environments. Consequently, marine diatoms are influenced by multiple ocean global change drivers. We hypothesized that temperature rise mediates the responses of polar and temperate diatoms to UV radiation (UVR) to different extents, and exposed the temperate centric diatoms, Thalassiosira weissflogii and Skeletonema costatum, and a polar pennate diatom Entomoneis sp., to warming (+5°C) for 10 days, then performed short-term incubations under different radiation treatments with or without UVR. The effective quantum yields of the three diatoms were stable during exposure to PAR, but decreased when exposed to PAR + UVR, leading to significant UV-induced inhibition, which was 3% and 9%, respectively, for T. weissflogii and S. costatum under ambient temperature but increased to 12% and 17%, respectively, in the cells acclimated to the warming treatment. In contrast, UVR induced much higher inhibition, by about 45%, in the polar diatom Entomoneis sp. at ambient temperature, and the warming treatment alleviated the UV-induced inhibition, which dropped to 36%. The growth rates were significantly inhibited by UVR in S. costatum under the warming treatment and in Entomoneis sp. under ambient temperature, while there was no significant effect for T. weissflogii. Our results indicate that the polar diatom was more sensitive to UVR though warming could alleviate its impact, whereas the temperate diatoms were less sensitive to UVR but warming exacerbated its impacts, implying that diatoms living in different regions may exhibit differential responses to global changes.

Shift in algal blooms from micro- to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change.

Blooms of microalgal red tides and macroalgae (e.g., green and golden tides caused by Ulva and Sargassum) have caused widespread problems around China in recent years, but there is uncertainty around what triggers these blooms and how they interact. Here, we use 30 years of monitoring data to help answer these questions, focusing on the four main species of microalgae Prorocentrum donghaiense, Karenia mikimotoi, Noctiluca scintillans, and Skeletonema costatum) associated with red tides in the region. The frequency of red tides increased from 1991 to 2003 and then decreased until 2020, with S. costatum red tides exhibiting the highest rate of decrease. Green tides started to occur around China in 1999 and the frequency of green tides has since been on the increase. Golden tides were first reported to occur around China in 2012. The frequency of macroalgal blooms has a negative linear relationship with the frequency and coverage of red tides around China, and a positive correlation with total nitrogen and phosphorus loads as well as with atmospheric CO2 and sea surface temperature (SST). Increased outbreaks of macroalgal blooms are very likely due to worsening levels of eutrophication, combined with rising CO2 and SST, which contribute to the reduced frequency of red tides. The increasing grazing rate of microzooplankton also results in the decline in areas affected by red tides. This study shows a clear shift of algal blooms from microalgae to macroalgae around China over the past 30 years driven by the combination of eutrophication, climate change, and grazing stress, indicating a fundamental change in coastal systems in the region.

Improvement of restless leg syndrome in maintenance hemodialysis patients with limb ischemic preconditioning: a single-center randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of limb ischemic preconditioning (LIPC) in treating restless leg syndrome (RLS) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. METHODS: A total number of 45 patients participated in the study. They were randomly divided into LIPC group and control group. The LIPC was performed by inflating the limb ischemic preconditioning training device in the patient's thigh to 200 mmHg to create transient ischemia, whereas control group inflated the device to 20 mmHg. International Restless Legs Syndrome (IRLS), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S), and Medical Outputs Study Sleep Scale were employed to evaluate LIPC effectiveness. The primary endpoint was the 'rate of clinical improvement in RLS severity', defined as the percentage of patients who had an IRLS score decrease of ≥5 points in each group. RESULTS: After intervention, the rate of clinical improvement in RLS severity was 56.5% in the LIPC group and 13.6% in the control group (13 (56.5) vs 3 (13.6), p = 0.003). In addition, the LIPC group's IRLS, CGI-S scores, the sleep disturbance and somnolence scores showed a significant downward trend compared to the control group (-5.5 ± 5.3 vs - 1.0 ± 3.8, p = 0.002; -1.7 ± 1.2 vs - 0.5 ± 1.4, p = 0.003; -15.5 ± 17.8 vs 3.7 ± 12.0, p < 0.001; -9.9 ± 18.8 vs - 2.4 ± 8.6, p = 0.003). During the study, there were no serious adverse event in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: LIPC could be employed to effectively and safely alleviate the RLS symptoms in MHD patients.

Characterization and genomic analysis of a novel Pseudoalteromonas phage PS_L5.

Pseudoalteromonas is a widely distributed bacterial genus that is associated with marine algae. However, there is still limited knowledge about their bacteriophage. In this study, we reported the isolation of a novel lytic bacteriophage that infects Pseudoalteromonas marina. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that PS_L5 had an icosahedral head of 52.6 ± 2 nm and a non-contractile tail with length of 96.5 ± 2 nm. The genome sequence of this phage was 34, 257 bp and had a GC content of 40.75%. Furthermore, this genome contained 61 predicted open reading frames (ORFs), which involved in various functions such as phage structure, packaging, DNA metabolism, host lysis and other additional functions. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis based on major capsid protein showed that the phage PS_L5 was closely related to five other Pseudoalteromonas phages, namely PHS3, PHS21, AL, SL25 and Pq0 which also possessed the non-contractile long tail. This study provided the fundamental insights into the evolutionary dynamics of Pseudoalteromonas phages and the interaction between phage and host.

Seaweed and climate change: A mapping review.

Seaweed has garnered increasing interest due to its capacity to mitigate climate change by curbing carbon emissions from agriculture, as well as its potential to serve as a supplement or alternative for dietary, livestock feed, or fuel source production. Moreover, seaweed is regarded as one of the earliest plant forms to have evolved on Earth. Owing to the extensive body of literature available and the uncertainty surrounding the future trajectory of seaweed research under evolving climate conditions, this review scrutinizes the structure, dynamics, and progression of the literature pertaining to seaweed and climate change. This analysis is grounded in the Web of Science Core Collection database, augmented by CiteSpace software. Furthermore, we discuss the productivity and influence of individual researchers, research organizations, countries, and scientific journals. To date, there have been 8047 articles published globally (after a series of filters and exclusions), with a notable upswing in publication frequency since 2018. The USA, China, and Australia are among the leading countries contributing to this research area. Our findings reveal that current research on seaweed and climate change encompasses 13 distinct research clusters, including "marine heatwave", "temperate estuary", "ocean acidification", and "macroalgal bloom". The most frequently cited keywords are "climate change", "biomass", "community", and "photosynthesis". The seaweed species most commonly referenced in relation to climate change include Gracilaria sp., Sargassum sp., Ecklonia maxima, and Macrocystis pyrifera. These results provide valuable guidance for shaping the direction of specialized topics concerning marine biodiversity under shifting climate conditions. We propose that seaweed production may be compromised during prolonged episodes of reduced water availability, emphasizing the need to formulate strategies to guarantee its continued viability. This article offers fresh perspectives on the analysis of seaweed research in the context of impending climate change.

Roles of noncoding RNAs in septic acute kidney injury.

Septic acute kidney injury (SAKI) is one of the most common and life-threatening complications of sepsis. Patients with SAKI have increased mortality. However, the underlying pathogenesis is unclear, and the treatment targeting SAKI is unsatisfactory. Thus, identifying optimal biomarkers for SAKI diagnosis and treatment is an urgent requisite. Accumulating evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in the occurrence and progression of SAKI. In the present review, we summarized the studies of ncRNAs in SAKI, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). The ncRNAs are divided into protective and damage factors according to their role in SAKI, and their expression patterns, functions, and molecular mechanisms were elaborated. Next, we proposed that ncRNAs have the potential to be diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for SAKI and as new therapeutic targets. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of ncRNAs in SKAI and explored the clinical value of ncRNAs as ideal biomarkers of SAKI.

Application Value of Limb Ischemic Preconditioning in Preventing Intradialytic Hypotension during Maintenance Hemodialysis.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of limb ischemia preconditioning (LIPC) in the treatment of intradialytic hypotension (IDH) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). METHODS: This was a single-center, prospective, and randomized controlled case study. A total of 38 patients with MHD who met the inclusion criteria from September 2021 to August 2022 were selected from the Blood Purification Center of our hospital. They were randomly divided into the LIPC group (n = 19) and the control group (n = 19). For patients in the LIPC group, the femoral artery blood flow was blocked with an LIPC instrument for 5 min (pressurized to 200 mm Hg) before each dialysis, and they were reperfused for 5 min. The cycle was repeated five times, with a total of 50 min for 12 weeks. The control group was pressurized to 20 mm Hg with an LIPC instrument, and the rest was the same as the LIPC group. The blood pressure of 0 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, and body weight before and after hemodialysis were measured in the two groups during hemodialysis, the incidence of IDH and the changes of serum troponin I (TNI) and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) levels before and after the intervention were observed, and the ultrafiltration volume and ultrafiltration rate were recorded. RESULTS: At the 8th and 12th week after intervention, the MAP in the LIPC group was higher than that in the control group (103.28 ± 12.19 mm Hg vs. 93.18 ± 11.11 mm Hg, p = 0.04; 101.81 ± 11.36 mm Hg vs. 91.81 ± 11.92 mm Hg, p = 0.047). The incidence of IDH in the LIPC group was lower than that in the control group (36.5% vs. 43.1%, p = 0.01). The incidence of clinical treatment in IDH patients in the LIPC group was lower than that in the control group (6.3% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.00). The incidence of early termination of hemodialysis in the LIPC group was lower than that in the control group (1.6% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.01). The levels of TNI and CK-MB in the LIPC group after the intervention were lower than those in the control group (322.30 ± 13.72 ng/dL vs. 438.50 ± 24.72 ng/dL, p = 0.00; 159.78 ± 8.48 U/dL vs. 207.00 ± 8.70 U/dL, p = 0.00). The changes of MAP before and after the intervention were negatively correlated with the changes of TNI and CK-MB before and after the intervention (r = -0.473, p = 0.04; r = -0.469, p = 0.04). There were no differences in dry body mass and ultrafiltration rate between the two groups before and after the LIPC intervention (p > 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis shows that TNI is the main influencing factor of ΔMAP. No LIPC-related adverse events were found during the study period. CONCLUSION: LIPC can effectively reduce the incidence of IDH in patients with MHD and may be associated with the alleviation of myocardial damage.

Acute Kidney Injury after Multiple Cycles of Cisplatin Chemotherapy: A Nomogram for Risk Assessment.

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by cisplatin is common and has a higher incidence of multiple use, resulting in a poor short- and long-term prognosis for patients. There is currently no good premedication AKI risk assessment tool. The aim of this study was to establish an AKI risk assessment nomogram for patients with multiple cisplatin applications. METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of patients who were treated with non-first-time cisplatin chemotherapy regimen at Changzhou Second People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to January 2022. All data from the development group were used to screen the impact factors of AKI via univariate and multivariate analyses. A nomogram was developed based on these impact factors and verified with verification group. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCAs) were used to evaluate the nomogram. RESULTS: Among the 256 patients enrolled in 450 cycles of chemotherapy, 282 were in the development cohort (97 AKI), and 168 were in the validation cohort (61 AKI). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age, hypertension, diabetes, serum cystatin C (sCysC), urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (uKim1), and a single dose of cisplatin were independently associated with AKI. The results showed that our model yielded satisfied diagnostic performance with an AUC value of 0.887 and 0.906 using the development group and on verification group. The calibration plots and DCA showed the superior clinical applicability of the nomogram. These results were verified in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION: A nomogram combining functional (sCysC) and tubular (uKim1) injury biomarkers with conventional clinical factors might assess the risk of AKI after multiple cycles of cisplatin chemotherapy.

Regulating the Pt1-CeO2 interaction via alkali modification for boosting the catalytic performance of single-atom catalysts.

With the introduction of potassium species, the catalytic oxidation performance over the Pt1/CeO2 catalyst was significantly enhanced, where potassium ions acted as structural and electronic promoters, and formed Pt-O-K interactions with Pt to directly regulate the coordination environment and electronic state of Pt and the metal-support interaction between Pt and CeO2.