Mechanical Property Analysis of a Boom-Membrane Structure Used for Aerospace Technologies.

Traditional deployable truss space structures previously had upper limits on their key indicators, such as the deployed area, folded ratio and total weight, and hence, the application of new extendable mechanisms with novel deployment types is desired. Foldable extendable tape spring booms made from FRP (fiber-reinforced polymer) laminate composites and their corresponding boom-membrane structures were invented in recent years to satisfy the needs of the large-scale requirements of spacecraft, especially for antennas, solar sails and solar arrays. This paper aimed to analyze the properties of the deployed states of extendable tape spring booms and their boom-membrane structures. By establishing an analytical model of the boom and the structure, the bending stiffness, critical buckling load of the boom and the fundamental frequency of the membrane structure were acquired. To provide more guidance on the boom-membrane structure design, a geometric and material parametric study was carried out. Meanwhile, an experimental study to investigate the deployed properties of the booms and membrane structures was introduced to afford some practical verification.

Preparation of liquid silicon-based carbon dots and application for luminescent solar concentrators.

Liquid silicon-based carbon dots (CDs) with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 50% were prepared using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (DAMO), citric acid, and n-butylamine as raw materials. Firstly, the optimized characters have been determined, namely, the optimal DAMO, citric acid, and n-butylamine addition amounts of 1 mL, 0.9 g, and 1 mL, a reaction time of 3 h, and a reaction temperature of 160°C. Further research has confirmed that the increase in fluorescence intensity of CDs is mainly due to the introduction of DAMO, in which the two amino groups in DAMO play a major role. In addition, the Si-O-Si group generated by the hydrolysis of siloxane groups is connected to the surface of the CDs and forms a core-shell structure, which modifies the defects on the surface and enhances the fluorescence intensity of the CDs. Finally, luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) based on liquid silicon-based CDs were assembled by spin coating. The obtained device has a transparency of up to 80% and an optical efficiency of 2.4%.

Synaptic Vesicle-Related Proteins and Ubiquilin 2 in Cortical Synaptosomes Mediate Cognitive Impairment in Vascular Dementia Rats.

Synaptic dysfunction is considered the best neuropathological correlate of cognitive decline in vascular dementia (VaD). However, the alterations of synaptic proteins at the synaptosomal level in VaD remain unclear. In this study, a VaD model was established in male rats using bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO). We performed a novel object recognition task to evaluate cognitive impairment. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of neuron-specific nuclear binding protein (NeuN). Brain synaptosomes were isolated and subjected to label-free proteomic analysis to quantify and identify the synaptic features of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Synaptic and hub protein expression was detected in synaptosomes using western blotting. We found that male rats with VaD presented impaired memory and decreased NeuN protein expression in the cortex. Synaptosome proteomic analysis revealed 604 DEPs, with 493 and 111 markedly downregulated and upregulated proteins, respectively. KEGG analysis and SynGO annotation revealed that the synaptic vesicle (SV) cycle may be a key signaling pathway in VaD. Hub protein analysis of the main nodes in the protein network identified UBQLN2 and SV-related proteins, including CLTC, SNAP91, AP2S1, CLTA, VAMP2, EPN1, UBQLN2, AP2B1, AP2A2, and AP2M1. Western blotting showed that the levels of SV2A, CLTC, AP2S1, and VAMP2 decreased in the synaptosomes of 2VO rats, while UBQLN2 expression significantly increased. Our results suggest that the disruption in the presynaptic SV cycle is a key event in male rats with VaD, which could be characterized by the aberrant SV2A expression. SV-related proteins and UBQLN2 may be essential in synaptopathy. Thus, targeting the specific molecular markers in synaptosomes may be critical for the development of mechanism-directed therapies against VaD.

First-in-human study to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous SHPL-49 following single- and multiple-ascending-dose administration in healthy adults.

SHPL-49 is an innovative glycoside derivative that is synthesized by structural modifications of salidroside，demonstrating therapeutic effects on animal models of ischemia in pre-clinical experiments. A phase I, single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single and multiple dose administration study of SHPL-49 was conducted in healthy Chinese volunteers. In single-ascending-dose (SAD) study, 32 subjects randomized 6:2 to receive SHPL-49 (30 mg, 75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg) or placebo with 30 minutes infusion. In multiple-ascending-dose (MAD) study, subjects were randomized 6:2 to receive SHPL-49 (75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg) or placebo with 30 minutes infusion every 8 h for 7 days. Safety evaluations were conducted throughout the studies. Plasma and urine concentrations of SHPL-49 were detected and its metabolites were identified. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental methods. SHPL-49 was generally safe and well-tolerated at single ascending doses (30-300 mg) and multiple ascending doses (75-300 mg). All adverse events were mild and resolved without any intervention. No serious adverse events were reported. In the SAD study, SHPL-49 exhibited dose-proportional plasma pharmacokinetics, with peak plasma concentration (Cmax) ranging from 673.83 to 6275.00 ng/mL, area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-t) ranging from 338.57 to 3732.67 h·ng/mL, and elimination half-life (t1/2) ranging from 0.49 to 0.67 h. In the MAD, the exposure was also dose-proportional and there was no significant accumulation following multiple dosing. Four metabolites were identified in urine and plasma. SHPL-49 shows a favorable pharmacokinetic, safety, and tolerability profile in healthy Chinese volunteers following a single- and multiple-ascending- dose administration in this study. For future therapeutic investigations, it is recommended to administer SHPL-49 intravenously at 8-hour intervals with a dosage range of 150-300 mg.

Association between plasma growth differentiation factor 15 levels and pre-eclampsia in China.

Background: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress response protein and is related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to investigate the association between GDF-15 and pre-eclampsia (PE). Method: The study involved 299 pregnant women, out of which 236 had normal pregnancies, while 63 participants had PE. Maternal serum levels of GDF-15 were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits and then translated into multiple of median (MOM) to avoid the influence of gestational week at blood sampling. Logistic models were performed to estimate the association between GDF-15 MOM and PE, presenting as odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: MOM of GDF-15 in PE participants was higher compared with controls (1.588 vs. 1.000, p < 0.001). In the logistic model, pregnant women with higher MOM of GDF-15 (>1) had a 4.74-fold (95% CI = 2.23-10.08, p < 0.001) increased risk of PE, adjusted by age, preconceptional body mass index, gravidity, and parity. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that higher levels of serum GDF-15 were associated with PE. GDF-15 may serve as a biomarker for diagnosing PE.

Multi-functional ratiometric detection based on dual-emitting N-doped carbon dots.

Ratiometric fluorescence probes based on multi-emission carbon dots improve accuracy and sensitivity on detecting various environment issues. Herein, a novel dual-emitting N-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) was synthesized from citric acid and urea via a solvothermal method in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The blue and orange emissions of N-CDs in water were modulated, and pure white light-emitting with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.33, 0.33) was achieved. The two PL centers behaved differently for Fe3+, Cu2+ and Ag+ ions, with the limit of detection (LOD) of ppm as fluorescence probes. Additionally, N-CDs displayed unique solvatochromism phenomenon. A new green emission appeared in organic solvents and gradually quenched with the increase of solvent polarity. The ratiometric PL displayed an excellent linear response for detecting water, and the LOD was between 0.003 % and 0.3 % in DMF, ethanol, isopropanol and N-methylpyrrolidone. Furthermore, N-CDs exhibited pH-sensitive response in the range of 4.0-7.0 and temperature-dependent response during heating-cooling cycles between 15 and 70 °C. A simple, efficient and reliable multi-functional ratiometric probe for detecting metal ions, water content, pH and temperature simultaneously was realized. However, there is a need for future application research to overcome the limitation imposed by the excitation wavelength of 330 nm.

A Novel Ion Species- and Ion Concentration-Dependent Anti-Counterfeiting Based on Ratiometric Fluorescence Sensing of CDs@MOF-Nanofibrous Films.

Traditional fluorescent anti-counterfeiting labels based on "on-off" fluorescence can be easily cloned. It is important to explore advanced anti-counterfeiting fluorescent labels with high-level security. Here, a pioneering ion species- and ion concentration-dependent anti-counterfeiting technique is developed. By successive loading Cu2+ -sensitive yellow emitted carbon dots (Y-CDs) and Cu2+ non-sensitive blue emitted carbon dots (B-CDs) into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and followed by electrospinning, the B&Y-CDs@MOF-nanofibrous films are prepared. The results show that the use of MOF not only avoids the fluorescence quenching of CDs but also improves the fluorescence stability. The fluorescence Cu2+ -sensitivity of the CDs@MOF-nanofibrous films can be regulated by polymer coating or lamination. The fluorescent label consisting of different Cu2+ -sensitivity films will show Cu2+ concentration-dependent decryption information. Only at a specific ion species and concentration (Cu2+ solution of 40-90 µm), the true information can be read out. Less or more concentration (<40 or >90 µm) will lead to false information. The identification of the real information depends on both the species and the concentration. After Cu2+ treatment, the fluorescence of the label can be recovered by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA-2Na) for further recycling. This work will open up a new door for designing high-level fluorescent anti-counterfeiting labels.

Emerging Amorphous to Crystalline Conversion Chemistry in Ca-Doped VO2 Cathodes for High-Capacity and Long-Term Wearable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Amorphous transition metal oxides have attracted significant attention in energy storage devices owing to their potentially desirable electrochemical properties caused by abundant unsaturated dangling bonds. However, the amorphization further amplifies the shortcoming of the poor intrinsic electronic conductivity of the metal oxides, resulting in unsatisfying rate capability and power density. Herein, freestanding amorphous Ca-doped V2 O5 (a-Ca-V2 O5 ) cathodes are successfully prepared via in situ electrochemical oxidation of Ca-doped VO2 nanoarrays for wearable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. The doping of Ca and construction of freestanding structure effectively uncover the potential of amorphous V2 O5 , which can make full use of the abundant active sites for high volumetric capacity and simultaneously achieve fast reaction kinetics for excellent rate performance. More importantly, the introduction of Ca can notably reduce the formation energy of VO2 according to theoretical calculation results and realizes amorphous to crystalline reversible conversion chemistry in the charge/discharge procedure, thereby facilitating the reversible capacity of the newly developed a-Ca-V2 O5 . This work provides an innovative design strategy to construct high-rate capacity amorphous metal oxides as freestanding electrodes for low-cost and high-safe wearable energy-storage technology.

Fluorescent Fiber-Shaped Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries for Bifunctional Multicolor-Emission/Energy-Storage Textiles.

Wearable smart textiles are natural carriers to enable imperceptible and highly permeable sensing and response to environmental conditions via the system integration of multiple functional fibers. However, the existing massive interfaces between different functional fibers significantly increase the complexity and reduce the wearability of the textile system. Thus, it is significant yet challenging to achieve all-in-one multifunctional fibers for realizing miniaturized and lightweight smart textiles with high reliability. Herein, as bifunctional electrolyte additives, fluorescent carbon dots with abundant zincophilic functional groups are introduced into electrolytes to develop fluorescent fiber-shaped aqueous zinc-ion batteries (FFAZIBs). Originating from effective dendrite suppression of Zn anodes and multiple active sites of freestanding Prussian blue cathodes, high energy density (0.17 Wh·cm-3) and long-term cyclability (78.9% capacity retention after 1500 cycles) are achieved for FFAZIBs. More importantly, the one-dimensional structure ensures the same luminance in all directions of FFAZIBs, enabling the form of multicolor display-in-battery textiles.

Roll-Out Deployment Process Analysis of a Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composite Tape-Spring Boom.

Deployable extendable booms are widely used in aerospace technology due to many advantages they have, such as high folded-ratio, lightweight and self-deployable properties. A bistable FRP composite boom can not only extend its tip outwards with a corresponding rotation speed on the hub, but can also drive the hub rolling outwards with a fixed boom tip, which is commonly called roll-out deployment. In a bistable boom's roll-out deployment process, the second stability can keep the coiled section from chaos without introducing a controlling mechanism. Because of this, the boom's roll-out deployment velocity is not under control, and a high moving speed at the end will give the structure a big impact. Therefore, predicting the velocity in this whole deployment process is necessary to be researched. This paper aims to analyze the roll-out deployment process of a bistable FRP composite tape-spring boom. First, based on the Classical Laminate Theory, a dynamic analytical model of a bistable boom is established through the energy method. Afterwards, an experiment is introduced to produce some practical verification for comparison with the analytical results. According to the comparison with the experiment, the analytical model is verified for predicting the deployment velocity when the boom is relatively short, which can cover most booms using CubeSats. Finally, a parametric study reveals the relationship between the boom properties and the deployment behaviors. The research of this paper will give some guidance to the design of a composite roll-out deployable boom.

Heating-free synthesis of red emissive carbon dots through separated processes of polymerization and carbonization.

Polymerization and carbonization are believed as two basic processes for the bottom-up synthesis of carbon dots (CDs). Since these two processes usually occur simultaneously due to the high reaction temperature and fast reaction rate, it is still a challenge to separate and control these two processes. In the present work, we reported a new room temperature method, which achieved the separated and controlled polymerization and carbonization processes. The polymerization process is realized by dissolving o-phenylenediamine (OPD) in ethanol at room temperature, and finally obtained polymer dots (PDs) without any lattice with a sphere size of 29.6 nm. The carbonization process begins in a manual way by adding concentrated sulfuric acid. After carbonization, CDs (noted as CPDs in this work) with a size of 3.6 nm and a clear lattice can be obtained. Importantly, the separated polymerization and carbonization make us possible to adjust the composition or interactions of intermediate products during the synthesis process. As a prototype, we added acetic acid (AA) additives into OPD precursors during the polymerization stage. Due to the crosslink enhanced emission (CEE) effect via hydrogen bonds which are produced by the amide groups from AA reaction products with H in the -NH3+ or aromatic ring, the resulted CPDs show improved PLQY from an initial 6.87% (without AA) to 16.47%. The current work realized the separated and controllable polymerization and carbonization processes, opening up the door for tuning the composition and interactions of intermediate products before carbonization.

Post-synthetic regulation of the fluorescence of CDs: insights into the fluorescence mechanism.

Exploring the origin of emission is fundamental in the field of carbon dots (CDs). Due to the lack of suitable in situ probing techniques, it is necessary to explore effective alternative methods that can accurately reflect the relationship between the emission and the composition of the functional groups of CDs. Herein, we propose a new method of post-synthetic treatment of CDs by photo-oxidation to investigate the origin of emission for CDs. After the addition of a photo-oxidant into pre-prepared CDs under UV irradiation, the fluorescence of CDs can be regulated from the original orange emission to the final green emission due to the damage of original functional groups and the formation of new functional groups on CDs during the post-treatment process. The abundant dynamic information about the functional groups and emissions of CDs during the visible and ready-to-monitor post-treatment process makes it possible to quantitatively analyze the origin of the emission of CDs. Our results suggest that the emission sub-peaks at 560 nm and 600 nm relate to the CD surface-state-associated -NH3+ groups, while the emission sub-peak at 537 nm or 494 nm is associated with the CD surface-state-associated -OH groups or the CD surface-state-associated carbonyl groups (CO). Under UV irradiation, the CD surface-state-associated -NH3+ groups can be continuously converted into the CD surface-state-associated -OH groups and the CD surface-state-associated carbonyl groups (CO), leading to the changed emission color of CDs.

Solvent stimuli-responsive off-on fluorescence induced by synergistic effect of doping and phase transformation for Te4+ doped indium halide perovskite: Giving printable and colorless ink for information encryption and decryption.

Since traditional fluorescent materials are too easily observed by the eyes just under the UV light, off-on fluorescent materials are explored as the new generation of fluorescent labels. In the "off" state, such off-on fluorescent labels cannot be observed by naked eyes under either natural light or UV light. Only after a specific decryption treatment to make the fluorescent materials turning into the "on" state, the fluorescent labels can be observed under the UV light. Up to now, it is still a challenge to prepare fluorescent inks with aforementioned ideal properties by using halide perovskite materials. Herein, we reported the first example of Te4+ doped indium halide perovskite inks with both off-on fluorescence under solvent stimuli and invisible ink color by the naked eyes. The synergistic effect of doping/undoping of Te4+ together with the reversible phase transformation between Cs2InCl5(H2O) and Cs3InCl6 under solvent stimuli is key for the off-on fluorescence of crystals. Under acid solvent, the substitutional doping of Te4+ during the process of phase transformation from Cs3InCl6 to Cs2InCl5(H2O):Te4+ gives rise to "turning-on" orange emission from Te-induced self-trap emission (STE). Under the stimuli of methanol, the dissolution of Te4+ from the crystals destroys the structure of Te4+ in ligand-field and results in "turning-off" Te-induced emission during the process of phase transformation from Cs2InCl5(H2O):Te4+ to Cs3InCl6. On the basis of the Te4+ doped indium halide perovskite, printable and colorless ink can be prepared for the confidential information encryption and decryption. Since the mixture of Cs3InCl6 crystals and TeCl4 have no absorption in visible light scope, the printed encrypted information by such off-state fluorescent ink is colorless and invisible by the naked eyes under either ambient light or UV light. After decryption by acid solvent stimuli, the resulted Cs2InCl5(H2O):Te4+ doping crystals have a large Stokes shift with absorption below 450 nm from the excitation of Te4+ in ligand-field and emission around 570 nm from Te-induced STE. It makes the decryption information still colorless and invisible by the naked eyes under the ambient light but visible and readable under the UV light. In comparison to traditional undoped CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 perovskites with small Stokes shift and eye-visible ink color, the current colorless Te4+doped indium halide perovskites are no doubt providing better security level for both encrypted and decrypted information.

Rapid screening of antioxidant from natural products by AAPH-Incubating HPLC-DAD-HR MS/MS method: A case study of Gardenia jasminoides fruit.

A new AAPH-Incubating HPLC-DAD-HR MS/MS method was developed for the rapid and high-throughput screening of antioxidants directly in natural products and applied to Gardenia jasminoides fruit. This method was assumed that the peak areas of compounds with potential antioxidant activity in HPLC chromatograms would be significantly reduced or disappeared after incubating with the AAPH which can release ROO at physiological conditions (37 °C, pH 7.4). Additionally, the activity of antioxidants can be evaluated by comparing the peak reduction rates and the screened components can be further identified by HRMS/MS. Then, 17 potential natural antioxidants from the crude extract of GJF was screened. Among them, three major components including crocin I, crocin II and crocetin showed excellent ROO scavenging activity, which were further validated by the ORAC assay. In conclusion, our study provided a simple and effective strategy to rapidly screen antioxidants in natural products.

Lead-Free Copper-Based Perovskite Nanonets for Deep Ultraviolet Photodetectors with High Stability and Better Performance.

Considering practical application and commercialization, the research of non-toxic and stable halide perovskite and its application in the field of photoelectric detection have received great attention. However, there are relatively few studies on deep ultraviolet photodetectors, and the perovskite films prepared by traditional spin-coating method have disadvantages such as uneven grain size and irregular agglomeration, which limit their device performance. Herein, uniform and ordered Cs3Cu2I5 nanonet arrays are fabricated based on monolayer colloidal crystal (MCC) templates prepared with 1 µm polystyrene (PS) spheres, which enhance light-harvesting ability. Furthermore, the performance of the lateral photodetector (PD) is significantly enhanced when using Cs3Cu2I5 nanonet compared to the pure Cs3Cu2I5 film. Under deep ultraviolet light, the Cs3Cu2I5 nanonet PD exhibits a high light responsivity of 1.66 AW-1 and a high detection up to 2.48 × 1012 Jones. Meanwhile, the unencapsulated PD has almost no response to light above 330 nm and shows remarkable stability. The above results prove that Cs3Cu2I5 nanonet can be a great potential light-absorbing layer for solar-blind deep ultraviolet PD, which can be used as light absorption layer of UV solar cell.

Trilobatin alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a factor with great risk in the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to its high glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity. Trilobatin, a glycosylated dihydrochalcone derived from the leaves of the Chinese sweet tea Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd, is reported to possess various pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, it is still unclear regarding if trilobatin can alleviate liver injury in diabetic mice with NAFLD and its mechanism. Our aim was to investigative the protective effects of trilobatin against DM with NAFLD and its mechanism of action. A DM mice model was established by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding with streptozocin (STZ) injections, and treated with trilobatin for 10 weeks. The biochemical results showed that trilobatin restored glucose metabolic disorder and liver function in diabetic mice. The histopathological evaluation revealed that trilobatin improved liver injury by alleviating lipid accumulation and liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, trilobatin decreased expression of NLRP3, p65 NF-κB, cleaved-Caspase-1 and N-GSDMD, as well as the release of IL-18 and IL-1ß, leading to a alleviation of inflammation and pyroptosis. Taken together, we determined for the first time found that trilobatin could prevent liver injury in diabetic mice with NAFLD by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation to reduce inflammation and pyroptosis.

High Resolution On-Road Air Pollution Using a Large Taxi-Based Mobile Sensor Network.

Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) was monitored using a mobile sensor network on 125 urban taxis in Shanghai (November 2019/December 2020), which provide real-time patterns of air pollution at high spatial resolution. Each device determined concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and PM2.5, which characterised spatial and temporal patterns of on-road pollutants. A total of 80% road coverage (motorways, trunk, primary, and secondary roads) required 80-100 taxis, but only 25 on trunk roads. Higher CO concentrations were observed in the urban centre, NO2 higher in motorway concentrations, and PM2.5 lower in the west away from the city centre. During the COVID-19 lockdown, concentrations of CO, NO2, and PM2.5 in Shanghai decreased by 32, 31 and 41%, compared with the previous period. Local contribution related to traffic emissions changed slightly before and after COVID-19 restrictions, while changing background contributions relate to seasonal variation. Mobile networks are a real-time tool for air quality monitoring, with high spatial resolution (~200 m) and robust against the loss of individual devices.

The regulatory role of Gnao1 protein in diabetic encephalopathy in KK-Ay mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

AIMS: To investigate the regulation and functional role of Gnao1 in the brain of diabetic encephalopathy (DE) in various animal models. RESULTS: Data from the biochemical and behavioral studies showed that DE models were successful induced in streptozotocin treatment animals and KK-Ay mice. Gnao1 was down regulated in the brain tissues of these two diabetes animal models with significant cognition deficiency. It suggested that the changes in DE are also related to dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study also showed that the expression of adrenergic α2 receptor (Adr-α2R), the upstream protein of Gnao1, was decreased in DE animal models. Furthermore, many downstream proteins of Gnao1 also altered, among which cAMP and PKA proteins were increased, CREB and BDNF proteins were decreased both in animal models and in the cell levels. In addition, Gnao1 silencing leads to the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the decreased proliferation in cultured primary astrocytes, which means that the deficiency of Gnao1 might not be benefit for DE. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrated the importance of Gnao1 in DE and suggested Gnao1 as a novel marker and a promising therapeutic target for DE and dementia in animal models.

Room-Temperature Synthesized Cd-Doped Cs3 Cu2 I5 : Stable and Excitation-Wavelength Dependent Dual-Color Emission for Advanced Anti-Counterfeiting.

With the development of intellectual properties, concern about advanced anti-counterfeiting is accumulating, which conventional single-modal luminescence can no longer satisfy. As one of rapidly developing 0D materials, copper-based perovskite shows great potential to realize multiple luminescent centers for complex emissions. In this work, Cd was doped into Cs3 Cu2 I5 and showed resultant emission at 560 nm which surprisingly showed a red-shifted excitation peak from that of intrinsic self-trapped emission, resulting in excitation-wavelength dependent emission. When the excitation wavelength increased from 290 nm to 330 nm, the emission of Cd-doped Cs3 Cu2 I5 changed from deep blue to cold white and finally yellow. Afterwards, Cd-doped Cs3 Cu2 I5 was mixed with polystyrene to prepare anti-counterfeiting ink for silk-screen printing. Meanwhile, Cd-doped Cs3 Cu2 I5 maintains outstanding stability after doping, no matter under ambient, continuous UV radiation or high-temperature environment. The intensity can be almost totally recovered after heating-and-cooling cycles. This study lays groundwork for future research into multiple luminescent center manipulation in 0D materials.

The effect of solvent on preparation of CH3 NH3 PbI3 photodetectors via an antisolvent-free method.

During the fabrication of lateral-structured photodetectors based on CH3 NH3 PbI3 film, antisolvents represented by toluene are usually used to accelerate the crystallization of perovskite. Using antisolvent not only leads to the formation of shrinkage holes at the bottom of the perovskite layer, but the toxicity of antisolvents would also hinder the industrial preparation of perovskite devices. An antisolvent-free method is a possible solution to avoid these problems. Here, we report a lateral-structured photodetector based on an antisolvent-free method. The lateral photodetector exhibited a high responsivity of 1.75 A⋅W-1 and specific detectivity (D*) of 3.54 × 1012 Jones. In particular, the results indicated that the solvent had an influence on perovskite film morphology, crystallization, and device performance. The prepared CH3 NH3 PbI3 film presented needle-like crystals and low performance with single precursor solvent N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). In comparison, appropriate mixing of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) could improve the morphology, crystallization, and performance of the film. In addition, the solvent volume ratio of the precursor had a profound effect on the performance of the as-prepared photodetectors. At a DMSO:DMF volume ratio of 5:5, the as-prepared film had massive perovskite crystals and fewer defects, resulting in optimal device performance, which can be explained by Urbach energy.