Associations between meteorological variation and rupture of intracranial aneurysm in Fujian, China: A 5-year multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: By exploring the exposure-response relationships between meteorological factors and rupture of intracranial aneurysm (IA) to reveal the influence of meteorological variation on IA rupture under the specific climate in Fujian, China. METHOD: 7515 cases of IA rupture from several municipal medical institutions in Fujian Province as well as local meteorological data during the same period were collected from 2013 to 2017. Poisson regression and Spearman correlation analysis were applied to explore the distribution characteristics of IA rupture and how it is associated with meteorological parameters. Poisson generalized additive model was established to further analyze the exposure-response relationships between meteorological factors and IA rupture, and its hysteresis effects. RESULT: The IA rupture exhibited a negative correlation with temperature (rs = -0.323, 95% CI: -0.539 ~ -0.068) and a positive correlation with atmospheric pressure (rs = 0.397, 95% CI: 0.152-0.597) or pressure difference (rs = 0.296, 95% CI: 0.038-0.517), 21.05 â„ƒ and 1000.14 hPa were the risk thresholds for the onset ascribed to variation in temperature and atmospheric pressure, respectively. Temperature and atmospheric pressure also exerted hysteresis effects on IA rupture. Cold will increase the rupture risk in the subsequent 1-3 days, and high pressure will raise the morbidity in the next 1-2 days. Besides, drastic variations in temperature and atmospheric pressure were also associated with the higher risk of IA rupture in the next 2 days and 1 day, respectively. CONCLUSION: Temperature and atmospheric pressure have a negative and positive correlation with IA rupture in Fujian, China, respectively. Variation in temperature and atmospheric pressure exert different degrees of hysteresis effects on IA rupture.

2-Iodo-5-nitro-thio-phene.

The title compound, C(4)H(2)INO(2)S, was synthesized by nitration of iodo-thio-phene with acetyl nitrate. The molecule is essentially planar, withthe nitro group tilted by 1.78 (19)° and the iodine atom displaced by 0.0233 (2) Šwith respect to the thiophene ring. In the crystal structure, adjacent mol-ecules are linked through weak I⋯O inter-actions [3.039 (2)Å], forming chains extending along the b axis.

Methyl 3-(1H-indole-3-carboxamido)propionate hemihydrate.

The title compound, C(13)H(14)N(2)O(3)·0.5H(2)O, was synthesized by the condensation of methyl 3-amino-propionate with 3-trichloro-acetyl-indole. The two organic mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit are both close to planar, with r.m.s. deviations from the best fit plane through all of the non-H atoms of 0.004 (2) Šfor mol-ecule A and 0.006 (1) Šfor mol-ecule B. Also, the five- and six-membered rings of the indole systems are inclined at 1.67 (8) and 1.50 (8)° in mol-ecules A and B, respectively. In the crystal structure, the organic molecules are connected by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains. O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen-bond inter-actions involving the water molecules inter-link these chains, forming double chains approximately parallel to the a axis.

3-(1-Ethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)propionic acid monohydrate.

The title compound, C(10)H(14)N(2)O(3)·H(2)O, was synthesized by alkyl-ation of methyl 3-(1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-propion-ate with ethyl bromide, followed by saponification and acidification. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules, forming layers parallel to the ac plane.

1-Ethyl-1H,6H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]azepine-4,8(5H,7H)-dione.

The title compound, C(10)H(12)N(2)O(2), was synthesized by cyclization of 3-(1-ethyl-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)propanoic acid in the presence of polyphospho-ric acid and diphospho-rus pentoxide. In the crystal structure, adjacent mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains extending along the b axis.

1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid.

In the title compound, C(5)H(5)NO(2), the pyrrole ring and its carboxyl substituent are close to coplanar, with a dihedral angle of 11.7 (3)° between the planes. In the crystal structure, adjacent mol-ecules are linked by pairs of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form inversion dimers. Additional N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link these dimers into chains extending along the a axis.

Methyl 3-[(1-butyl-1H-indol-3-yl)carbonyl-amino]propionate.

In the title mol-ecule, C(17)H(22)N(2)O(3), the mean plane of the terminal (C=O)OMe fragment and the indole plane form a dihedral angle of 78.94 (3)°. Inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains extended along the c axis. The crystal packing exhibits π-π inter-actions, indicated by the short distance of 3.472 (2) Šbetween the centroids of the five-membered heterocycles of neighbouring mol-ecules.