RESUMEN
The maxilla is a facial bone with a dense blood supply. Although rare, infections, trauma, and certain metabolic disorders can lead to necrosis of the maxillary bone. The maxilla, a vital bone forming the roof of the oral cavity, is particularly susceptible to mucormycosis, a prevalent fungal infection, especially in individuals with diabetes and compromised immune systems. Here, we discuss mucormycosis-associated maxillary necrosis in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes. Early identification and treatment of this lethal fungal infection can significantly reduce its mortality and morbidity rates. Due to the maxilla's high vascularity, necrosis is uncommon. However, various infections, including bacterial, viral, and fungal, can lead to maxillary necrosis. Other potential causes include trauma, radiation, prolonged corticosteroid use, and lipid metabolism disorders (like Gaucher disease). Early diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial to significantly reducing the mortality and morbidity associated with this life-threatening fungal infection.
RESUMEN
The formation of the blood elements and their maturation is called hematopoiesis. In adults, this typically takes place in the bone marrow of vertebrae, ribs, and long bones. In contrast, during fetal development, the primary sites of hematopoiesis are the spleen, liver, and the yolk sac. This process of hematopoiesis, when it occurs in sites other than the bone marrow, is called the extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). Extramedullary hematopoiesis usually happens in patients with blood disorders like sickle cell disease and thalassemia, where there is failure of hematopoiesis in the primary sites. Here, we present a young male with beta-thalassemia who presented with shortness of breath and palpitations for one month. This manuscript discusses the imaging findings of the EMH in our patient.
RESUMEN
Lumbo-costo-vertebral syndrome (LCVS) is a very rare congenital disorder seen in children. It is characterized by a congenital absence of ribs, vertebral anomalies, scoliosis, meningocele, and hypoplastic abdominal wall muscles presenting as abdominal wall hernia. We present a case of a six-year-old Indian female who came with complaints of swelling in the left lumbar region since birth, which was evident in coughing and scoliosis. On auscultation, bowel sounds were heard over the swelling. Physical examination revealed a left lumbar hernia and scoliosis. Abdominal X-rays revealed the absence of the 12th rib on the left side and vertebral anomalies with kyphoscoliosis. Abdominal ultrasonography (USG) showed a left lumbar hernia with bowel loops as its content. Computed tomography (CT) was done, which confirmed the X-ray and USG findings. Based on clinical and radiological findings, a diagnosis of LCVS associated with congenital lumbar hernia (CLH) was made. The patient was then referred to the surgery department for further management. This case illustrates a unique link between two extremely rare conditions and emphasizes the necessity of thorough clinical and radiological evaluation in suspected patients for early diagnosis and treatment.
