Ultrastructure of antennal sensilla of four skipper butterflies in Parnara sp. and Pelopidas sp. (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae).

Most species of Parnara and Pelopidas (Hesperiidae) are important pests of rice. In this study, the antennal morphology, types of sensilla, and their distribution of four skipper butterflies, including Parnara guttata (Bremer & Grey), Pa. bada (Moore), Pelopidas mathias (Fabricius) and Pe. agna (Moore), were observed using a scanning electron microscope. Six distinct morphological types of sensilla were found on the antennae of all of these species: sensilla squamiformia, sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla auricillica, sensilla coeloconica, and Böhm sensilla. The sensilla trichodea are the most abundant sensilla among the four skipper butterflies, and the sensilla auricillica are confirmed on the antennae of butterflies for the second time. In addition, the possible functions of these sensilla are discussed in the light of previously reported lepidopteran insects, which may provide useful information for further study of the function of these antennal sensilla and for related pests control by applying sex pheromones.

Review of the Leafhopper Genus Macrosteles Fieber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China.

The leafhopper genus Macrosteles Fieber in China comprises 25 species including ten new species: Macrosteles brochus Zhang & Lu, M. brunneus Zhang & Lu, M. choui Zhang & Lu, M. ehensis Zhang & Lu, M. gracilis Zhang & Lu, M. falcatus Zhang & Lu, M. haperatus Zhang & Lu, M. nabiae Kwon, M. parastriifrons Zhang & Lu and M. spinosus Kwon. Five species are newly recorded from China, including M. abludens Anufriev, M. albicostalis Vilbaste, M. alpinus (Zetterstedt), M. lividus (Edwards) and M. sordidipennis (Stål). One taxon previously treated as a subspecies of M fascifrons (Stål) is elevated to species rank: M. lindbergi Dlabola, n. stat. The following six new synonyms are proposed: M. bimaculatus Dai, Li & Chen, 2008 = M. lividus (Edwards, 1894), M heiseles Kuoh, 1981 = M. guttatus (Matsumura, 1915); M. huangxionis Kuoh, 1981 = M. heitiacus Kuoh, 1981; M. latiaedeagus Dai et al., 2008 = M. cristatus Ribaut, 1927; and M. serrata Dai et al., 2011 = M. striifrons Anufriev, 1968 and also a junior homonym of M. serratus Kwon, 2010; and M. symphorosus Yang, 1996 = M. viridigriseus (Edwards, 1924). A checklist to the Macrosteles species from China is provided together with a key for separation of males.

Taxonomic study of the cricket genus Valiatrella Gorochov (Gryllidae, Podoscirtinae) from China.

Four Valiatrella species, Valiatrella pulchra (Gorochov, 1985), Valiatrella sororia (Gorochov, 2002), Valiatrella laminaria Liu & Shi, 2007 and Valiatrella multiprotubera Liu & Shi, 2007, recorded from China are reviewed. A new species, Valiatrella persicifolius sp. nov., is described and illustrated.

Relationship between recent life events, social supports, and attitudes to domestic violence: predictive roles in behaviors.

The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between recent life events, attitudes to domestic violence (DV), and DV behaviors among perpetrators of DV in China. A total of 600 participants were assessed for recent life events, psychological functioning, social support, and attitudes to DV. Results demonstrated that recent negative life events (NLE) and attitudes to DV were predictive factors for DV among perpetrators of DV, after controlling for demographic variables, psychological functioning, and social supports. The findings suggest that recent life events are potential factors contributing to behaviors of DV. The importance of changes of negative attitudes to DV among perpetrators was highly emphasized. Intervention and prevention programs based on psychological functioning and social support in relation to perpetrators of DV may be useful to control DV in China.