Anti-lung Cancer, Anti-microbial, Anti-α-glucosidase, Anti-sorbitol Dehydrogenase, and in silico Studies of Wogonoside and Isoliquiritigenin as Natural Compounds.

Natural substances have long been used in cancer treatment, particularly in Chinese or Indian traditional medicine. Natural compounds are defined as chemical molecules that are found in fungus, marine animals, plants, or bacteria and have significant biological and pharmacological effects. Wogonoside and isoliquiritigenin are two well-known examples of plant-derived chemicals. Several modern anti-cancer medications also come from natural sources. The mic test was used to conduct tests on various natural substances' antimicrobial and antifungal properties. MTT assay was used on lung cancer, and normal (HUVEC) cell lines for analyzing of cytotoxicity and anti-lung cancer effects of Wogonoside and Isoliquiritigenin. These Wogonoside and Isoliquiritigenin had high cell death and anti-lung cancer effects against SPC-A-1, SK-LU-1, and 95D cell lines. Among the above cell lines, the best result of anti-cancer properties of Wogonoside and Isoliquiritigenin was gained in the cell line of KATO III. We examined the inhibition effects on two important enzymes using these two compounds and determined the results. PnPG and NADPH were used as substrates for enzymes. IC50 of Wogonoside and Isoliquiritigenin compounds were 18.25±4.18 and 112.64±16.02 nM for α-glucosidase and 54.72±8.61 and 47.12±11.56 nM for sorbitol dehydrogenase, respectively. For Wogonoside, gram-negative bacteria (K. pneumoniae and E. coli) had MIC values of 9.75±0.95 and 13.77±1.43 µg/mL, gram-positive bacteria (E. faecalis and S. aureus) of 37.02±4.52 and 24.85±3.64 µg/mL, respectively. Finally, molecular docking was done for enzyme results and anticancer results. Results of enzymes and antibacterial, antifungal were in level of micromolar that is good impacts. These natural compounds may be anti-diabetic, anticancer, antibacterial candidates for drug design.

Safety and Feasibility of Microwave Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinomas in the Elderly: A Systematic Review.

Background: Microwave ablation (MWA) for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in the elderly has been the subject of new research in recent years. However, there are currently no strong lines of evidence for the prognosis following MWA treatment for HCC in the elderly. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to assess the safety and feasibility of MWA for HCC in elderly patients. Methods: Up until August 15, 2021, a comprehensive literature search was undertaken in PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Google Scholar databases for all published articles. Observational studies reporting the safety and feasibility of MWA for HCC in elderly patients were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to measure the quality assessment. Results: Our review, composed of 7 observational studies, including a total of 7,683 HCC patients, looked at the safety and feasibility of MWA for HCC in the elderly. Current lines of evidence on the risks and outcomes of MWA of HCC treatments in elderly patients are discussed. Conclusions: According to our findings, elderly patients, even those with a high comorbidity index, benefited from MWA of HCC similar to younger patients. More clinical data are needed to determine selection criteria for elderly HCC patients to increase the possibility of receiving MWA as a potential lifesaving option. As such, further studies evaluating the outcomes of MWA for HCC treatment modalities in elderly patients are warranted. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021273091.