Alterations in amygdala subregions-Default mode network connectivity after treatment in patients with schizophrenia.

Disrupted connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) is well-documented in schizophrenia (SCZ). The amygdala, a key component in the neurobiology of SCZ, comprises distinct subregions that may exert varying effects on the disorder. This study aimed to investigate variations in functional connectivity (FC) between distinct amygdala subregions and the DMN in SCZ individuals and explore the effects of treatment on these connections. Fifty-six SCZ patients and 51 healthy controls underwent FC analysis and questionnaire surveys during resting state. The amygdala was selected as the region of interest (ROI) and subdivided into four parts. Changes in FC were examined, and correlations between questionnaire scores and brain activity were explored. Pre-treatment, SCZ patients exhibited reduced FC between the amygdala and DMN compared to HCs. After treatment, significant differences persisted in the right medial amygdala, while other regions did not differ significantly from controls. In addition, PANSS scores positively correlated with FC between the Right Medial Amygdala and the left SMFC (r = .347, p = .009), while RBANS5A scores showed a positive correlation with FC between the Left Lateral Amygdala and the right MTG (rho = -.347, p = .009). The rsFC between the amygdala and the DMN plays a crucial role in the treatment mechanisms of SCZ. This could provide a promising predictive indicator for understanding the neural mechanisms behind treatment and symptomatic improvement.

Removal of 6-methylquinoline from shale gas wastewater using electrochemical carbon nanotubes filter.

6-Methylquinoline (6-MQ) is identified as a high-concentration organic compound pervasive in shale gas wastewater (SGW) and poses a significant risk of environmental pollution. In response, this study aimed to address these challenges by introducing an innovative electrochemical membrane constructed with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for the removal of 6-MQ. The investigation systematically explored the impact of voltage, initial pollutant concentration, and salinity on the performance of the electrochemical CNTs filter. It was found a positive correlation between removal efficiency and increasing voltage and salinity levels. Conversely, as the initial concentration of pollutants increased, the efficiency showed a diminishing trend. The electrochemical CNTs filter exhibited remarkable efficacy in both adsorption removal and electrochemical oxidation of 6-MQ. Notably, the CNTs membrane exhibited robust adsorption capabilities, evidenced by the sustained adsorption of 6-MQ for over 33 h. Furthermore, applying an electrochemical oxidation voltage of 3 V consistently maintained a removal rate exceeding 34.0% due to both direct and indirect oxidation, underscoring the sustained efficacy of the electrochemical membranes. Besides, real wastewater experiments, while displaying a reduction in removal efficiency compared to synthetic wastewater experiments, emphasized the substantial potential of the electrochemical CNTs filter for practical applications. This study underscores the significant promise of electrochemical membranes in addressing low molecular weight contaminants in SGW, contributing valuable insights for advancing SGW treatment strategies.