Protective Activity and Safety of Experimental Acellular Pertussis Vaccines Based on Antigenic Complexes Isolated from Biofilm and Planktonic Cultures of Bordetella pertussis.

Continued circulation of the whooping cough pathogen, even in countries with high vaccine coverage, can be related to persistence of Bordetella pertussis biofilms in the respiratory tract. The films differ from planktonic cells by increased resistance to the host immune system and antibacterial drugs. The available acellular pertussis vaccines (aPV) containing antigens isolated from planktonic cultures of B. pertussis protect from severe forms of whooping cough, but do not effectively influence circulation of virulent strains in the subclinical forms of the disease and asymptomatic carriage. It is promising to create new generation aPV based on antigens isolated from biofilm cultures of B. pertussis capable of more effectively controlling the entire infectious cycle of whooping cough, including colonization, persistence, and transmission of the pathogen. From antigenic complexes isolated from the culture medium of biofilm and planktonic cultures of the strain B. pertussis No. 317 (serotype 1.2.3), experimental aPV were made: aPV-B and aPV-P, respectively. In intracerebral infection of mice with a virulent strain of B. pertussis, aPV-B demonstrated 2.5-fold higher protective activity than aPV-P and also more effectively reduced colonization of the lungs by B. pertussis cells in mice after intranasal infection with a virulent strain. Both vaccine preparations were safe and did not cause death in mice after administration of histamine.

Recombinant Pneumolysin of Pneumococci Induces TLR4 Expression and Maturation of Dendritic Cells In Vitro.

Pneumolysin (Ply) is a target for the development of serotype-independent pneumococcal vaccines, an important condition for the efficacy of which is their ability to activate innate immunity with the subsequent formation of adaptive immunity. In this study, the ability of recombinant full-length Ply (rPly) of pneumococci to induce TLR expression and maturation of dendritic cells generated from mouse bone marrow was evaluated. It was shown that rPly in vitro increased the number of dendritic cells expressing Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the membrane. rPly caused maturation of dendritic cells generated from mouse bone marrow, which manifested in a decrease in the number of progenitor cells (CD34), an increase in the number of cells expressing the adhesion molecule CD38, costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, molecules of terminal differentiation of dendritic cells CD83, as well as molecules of antigenic presentation of the major histocompatibility complex class II.

[Health resort treatment of children with progressive muscular dystrophy]. / O lechenii detei s progressiruiushchimi myshechnymi distrofiiami na kurorte.

The results of a complex treatment at health resorts of 126 children with Duchenne myopathy and 84 children with spinal amyotrophies at the age of 5-15 years are given. The complexes included carbon-dioxide sulfurated hydrogen baths, mud application (with different localization depending on a form of the disease), fresh baths, oxygenotherapy and therapeutic physical training. The authors revealed good tolerance to procedures and the positive dynamics of the main clinical manifestations of the disease, confirmed by the electrophysiological and biochemical studies. As a result of the treatment it was possible to achieve progressiveness of the disease in all patients at different periods (from 1 month to 1 year). The authors give recommendations for the use of treatment at health resorts as a necessary link in the general chain of rehabilitative measures for children with various forms of progressive muscular dystrophies.