RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The presacral space, which contains different types of embryonic tissue, is a potential site for several tumors including epidermoid cyst. Presacral cysts are divided into two major groups: teratomas and developmental cysts. Presacral developmental cysts are rare congenital injuries with significant manifestations in the adult. Our objective was to report a case of a giant epidermoid presacral and retrorectal cyst. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 28-year-old female whose clinical feature was the presence of a perianal mass and difficult micturition of 8 years. Rectosigmoidoscopy and videocolonoscopy were normal. Simple and contrast abdominal and pelvic tomography (CT) were ordered as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging to determine extension and location of the tumor. These studies demonstrated three tumors in the presacral space. Surgery using a combined abdominal and perianal approach was done. Pathological report was epidermoid cysts. The patient had a favorable evolution with no reports of fecal incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: The accepted definition describing epidermoid cyst is squamous stratified epithelium with keratohyaline grains, but with no other skin structures. Developmental cysts are slow growing due to their unique location, despite being congenital. Diagnosis is confirmed by ultrasound, CT, and NMR. Biopsy is contraindicated. Three described approaches are abdominal, combined or abdominoposterior, and transsacral, each with its specific indications.
Asunto(s)
Quiste Epidérmico/patología , Adulto , Quiste Epidérmico/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Recto , SacroRESUMEN
Introducción: El espacio presacro, el cual contiene algunos tipos de tejidos embrionarios, es un sitio potencial para varios tumores, siendo el quiste epidermoide uno de ellos. Las lesiones quísticas presacras se dividen en dos grupos: teratomas y quistes del desarrollo, estos últimos son lesiones congénitas raras y sus manifestaciones en el adulto son excepcionales. El objetivo de la presente investigación es informar el caso de un quiste epidermoide gigante del espacio presacro y posanal. Caso clínico: Mujer de 28 años con cuadro clínico que se inició ocho años atrás con masa tumoral perianal y dificultad para la micción. La rectosigmoidoscopia y videocolonoscopia fueron normales. Se solicitó tomografía abdominopélvica simple y contrastada, así como resonancia magnética nuclear, para determinar extensión y localización de la tumoración, con las cuales fue posible apreciar tres tumoraciones en el espacio presacro. Se realizó cirugía por abordaje combinado: abdominal y perianal. El examen patológico indicó quistes epidermoides. La paciente evolucionó favorablemente sin datos de incontinencia fecal. Discusión: La descripción aceptada de quiste epidermoide es que posee epitelio escamoso estratificado con gránulos queratohialinos, pero no con otras estructuras de piel. Los quistes del desarrollo son formaciones de crecimiento lento que por su especial localización se manifiestan de forma tardía a pesar de ser congénitos. El diagnóstico se realiza por ultrasonido, tomografía axial computarizada y resonancia magnética nuclear. La biopsia preoperatoria está contraindicada. Se describen tres vías de abordaje: abdominal, combinada o abdominoposterior y transacra, cada una con sus indicaciones.
BACKGROUND: The presacral space, which contains different types of embryonic tissue, is a potential site for several tumors including epidermoid cyst. Presacral cysts are divided into two major groups: teratomas and developmental cysts. Presacral developmental cysts are rare congenital injuries with significant manifestations in the adult. Our objective was to report a case of a giant epidermoid presacral and retrorectal cyst. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 28-year-old female whose clinical feature was the presence of a perianal mass and difficult micturition of 8 years. Rectosigmoidoscopy and videocolonoscopy were normal. Simple and contrast abdominal and pelvic tomography (CT) were ordered as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging to determine extension and location of the tumor. These studies demonstrated three tumors in the presacral space. Surgery using a combined abdominal and perianal approach was done. Pathological report was epidermoid cysts. The patient had a favorable evolution with no reports of fecal incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: The accepted definition describing epidermoid cyst is squamous stratified epithelium with keratohyaline grains, but with no other skin structures. Developmental cysts are slow growing due to their unique location, despite being congenital. Diagnosis is confirmed by ultrasound, CT, and NMR. Biopsy is contraindicated. Three described approaches are abdominal, combined or abdominoposterior, and transsacral, each with its specific indications.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Quiste Epidérmico/patología , Quiste Epidérmico/cirugía , Recto , SacroRESUMEN
Estudi retrospectivo en 127 niños con PIC (Parálisis Cerebral Infantil) que acudieron al INNFA (Instituto Nacional del Niño y la Familia) en Portoviejo. Objetivo: identificar las causas y consecuencias de la PCI en los niños que han sido atendidos en el INNFA de Portoviejo. Resultados: la edad promedio es de 5,7 años. La relación niño/niña es de 1:1. La clase socioeconómica predominante es la baja con 59,83 por ciento. Los tipos de parálisis encontrados fueron en orden descendente de frecuencia tetraparesia espástica (40,94 por ciento), Diparesia Distónica, Diparesia Espástica, Diparesia Ataxica, Diparesia Atetósica, Monopareai Espástica, Monoplejía, Tetraplejía, Diplejía (0,79 por ciento). Se encontraron 9 causas...