The pro-tumor activity of INTS7 on lung adenocarcinoma via inhibiting immune infiltration and activating p38MAPK pathway.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common lung cancer, accounting for 19.4% of all cancer deaths. Our previous study discovered that INTS7 expression was upregulated in LUAD, while the precise mechanism by which INTS7 exerts pro-cancer effects remains unknown. In our study, shRNA was used to knockdown the expression of INTS7 in A549 cells. Cancer behaviors in vitro were determined by CCK8 and transwell assays. Xenograft mice models were constructed to detect the tumorigenesis in vivo. Immunofluorescence and toluidine blue staining were used to test the immune infiltration. Bioinformatics analysis was adopted to predict the potential signaling pathways and construct INTS7-derived genomic prognostic model. Western blot was utilized to confirm the molecular pathways. In total, downregulation of INTS7 suppressed proliferation, invasion and migration of A549 cells, as well as tumor growth. Bioinformatics and western blot analysis indicated that p38MAPK pathway participated in the regulatory mechanism of INTS7. Moreover, INTS7 expression was negatively correlated with infiltration of memory B cells and mast cells, while positively correlated with infiltration of macrophages M2. A nomogram, including INTS7-derived risk score, was used to estimate individual's survival probability. Generally, our findings provided comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms about INTS7, and targeting INTS7 may represent a potential therapy for LUAD.

Dynamic mechanical characteristics of coal in front of the mining face under different mining layouts.

To study the dynamic mechanical characteristics of coal in the area affected by mining in front of the mining face under different mining methods, an improved split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was used to apply different static loads to different positions. Then, dynamic mechanical tests were conducted on coal at different positions on the mining face, analyzing the dynamic response under strong dynamic load disturbances, under three different mining layouts. Within the range of static water pressure to the peak support pressure, the dynamic strength of coal gradually increases with increasing distance from the mining face. The dynamic strength is the smallest at the peak support pressure stress, and under strong external disturbances, instability and failure are increasingly likely to occur at the peak stress. Under the same loading rate conditions, the dynamic strength of the peak stress in coal is as follows: Protective coal-seam mining (PCM) > Top-coal caving mining (TCM) > Nonpillar mining (NM).

The influence of palm fiber reinforcement on the cement content of vegetated concrete substrate under the condition of equal strength.

Vegetated concrete substrate (VCS) is a kind of ecological cemented soil, which has very wide application prospect in high and steep rock slope eco-protection. Cement is an important component of VCS, but it has high energy consumption and environmental pollution. Fiber reinforcement plays an positive role in improving the mechanical properties of soil, and its use as a substitute for cement content in VCS under the condition of equal strength is rarely investigated. In this study, the unconsolidated-undrained (UU) triaxial compression test of unreinforced substrate as blank control samples (BCS) and reinforced substrate as fiber reinforced samples (FRS) were carried out. The test results showed that the stress-strain curve of VCS can be divided into compaction stage, elastic stage, plastic stage and strain hardening stage. The average peak strength increased by 34.3kPa, 53.6kPa, 218kPa and 81.8kPa as cement content of VCS was 0%,4%, 6% and 8%, respectively. The relationship between the peak strength and cement content of VCS could be better fit by Boltzmann function. The mathematical model of fiber instead of cement in VCS under the condition of equal strength was established. It is found that there is a critical point of cement content according to the mathematical model. The cement of VCS can be completely replaced by plam fiber as the cement content is less than the critical point. While the cement content is higher than the critical point, the cement of VCS can be partially replaced by plam fiber. The decrease of average cement content was 17.23%, 19.00%, 24.27% and 25.34% with 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% fiber content in reinforced substrate, respectively. The theoretical method and interpolation method for fiber substitute cement content of VCS under equal strength condition were proposed, which can provide technical guidance for ecological slope protection engineering practice of vegetated concrete.

Relationship between eating attitudes, depression, and insight in schizophrenic patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparative study in Guangdong, China.

Background: Schizophrenia, a severe mental disorder, is often complicated by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which can further impact patients' psychological health. This study investigated the differences in eating attitudes, depression, and insight between schizophrenic patients with and without comorbid T2DM and explored the correlations among these factors to provide empirical support for clinical interventions. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Guangdong Province, China. From December 2022 to May 2023, a total of 300 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia (92 with comorbid T2DM and 208 without T2DM) were recruited. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire (ITAQ). Statistical analyses, including t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression, were performed to examine differences and predictive factors of eating attitudes among patients. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (approval number: 2020028), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Results: Patients with schizophrenia and comorbid T2DM exhibited significantly higher risks of eating disorders (EAT-26: 12.54 ± 9.77 vs. 9.07 ± 7.90, P=0.003), more severe depression (HAMD: 14.71 ± 7.36 vs. 11.80 ± 6.04, P=0.001), and poorer insight (ITAQ: 10.46 ± 6.01 vs. 12.16 ± 6.09, P=0.025) compared to those without T2DM. Regression analysis revealed that gender, weekly exercise frequency, depression, and insight were significant predictors of eating attitudes among patients with T2DM. For patients without T2DM, weekly exercise frequency, smoking status, and insight were significant predictors. Conclusion: Schizophrenic patients with comorbid T2DM are facing increasing risks related to eating attitudes, depression, and insight which highlight the need for targeted interventions. Regular psychological assessment and tailored support strategies might improve their mental health and quality of life. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to clarify causal relationships and develop more effective interventions.

Effect of theme game-based learning on psychiatric violence risk assessment and response knowledge, skills, and self-confidence of nursing students: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Theme game-based learning has the potential to enrich student learning experiences, leading to improved learning outcomes. Yet, there remains a research gap regarding its application in addressing psychiatric violence, leaving uncertainties about the comparative advantages of theme game-based learning over situational simulation learning strategies. OBJECTIVES: The goal was to measure the effect of integrating theme game-based learning into psychiatric violence risk assessment and response training on nursing student psychiatric violence-related knowledge, skills, and self-confidence. DESIGN: This study was a randomized controlled, pre-test, and post-test trial. SETTING: The study was conducted at a medical university in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. PARTICIPANTS: There were 103 third-year nursing undergraduates (intervention group = 51, control group = 52) in the study. METHODS: An Objective Structured Clinical Exam and the Workplace Violence Management Ability Assessment Questionnaire for Intern Nursing Students were used to assess student skills. The knowledge test and the Confidence in Coping with Patient Aggression Instrument were used to measure student knowledge and self-confidence level before and after intervention. RESULTS: Nursing students in the theme game-based group demonstrated significantly superior skills and confidence in violence risk assessment and response compared with students in the situational simulation group (p < 0.001, p = 0.039, p = 0.006, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in knowledge of violence risk assessment and response between the two groups (p = 0.510). CONCLUSION: Theme game-based learning in psychiatric violence risk assessment and response training appeared effective in enhancing the violence management abilities of nursing students.

Regression of renal cell carcinoma by T cell receptor-engineered T cells targeting a human endogenous retrovirus.

BACKGROUND: We discovered a novel human endogenous retrovirus (CT-RCC HERV-E) that was selectively expressed in most clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) and served as a source of antigens for T cell-mediated killing. Here, we described the cloning of a novel T cell receptor (TCR) targeting a CT-RCC HERV-E-derived antigen specific to ccRCC and characterized antitumor activity of HERV-E TCR-transduced T cells (HERV-E T cells). METHODS: We isolated a CD8+ T cell clone from a patient with immune-mediated regression of ccRCC post-allogeneic stem cell transplant that recognized the CT-RCC-1 HERV-E-derived peptide in an HLA-A11-restricted manner. We used 5'Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) to clone the full length HERV-E TCR and generated retrovirus encoding this TCR for transduction of T cells. We characterized HERV-E T cells for phenotype and function in vitro and in a murine xenograft model. Lastly, we implemented a good manufacturing practice-compliant method for scalable production of HERV-E T cells. RESULTS: The HLA-A11-restricted HERV-E-reactive TCR exhibited a CD8-dependent phenotype and demonstrated specific recognition of the CT-RCC-1 peptide. CD8+ T cells modified to express HERV-E TCR displayed potent antitumor activity against HLA-A11+ ccRCC cells expressing CT-RCC HERV-E compared with unmodified T cells. Killing by HERV-E T cells was lost when cocultured against HERV-E knockout ccRCC cells. HERV-E T cells induced regression of established ccRCC tumors in a murine model and improved survival of tumor-bearing mice. Large-scale production of HERV-E T cells under good manufacturing practice conditions generated from healthy donors retained specific antigen recognition and cytotoxicity against ccRCC. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report showing that human ccRCC cells can be selectively recognized and killed by TCR-engineered T cells targeting a HERV-derived antigen. These preclinical findings provided the foundation for evaluating HERV-E TCR-transduced T cell infusions in patients with metastatic ccRCC in a clinical trial (NCT03354390).

Spatio-temporal dynamics and influencing factors of carbon emissions (1997-2019) at county level in mainland China based on DMSP-OLS and NPP-VIIRS Nighttime Light Datasets.

Global warming caused by extensive carbon emissions is a critical global issue. However, the lack of county-level carbon emissions data in China hampers comprehensive research. To bridge this gap, we employ a deep learning method on nighttime light data sets to estimate county-level carbon emissions in mainland China from 1997 to 2019. Our key contributions include the successful derivation of more reliable data, revealing the evolution of spatial dynamics and emissions epicenters. Moreover, we identify a novel inverted N-shaped relationship between gross domestic product per capita and carbon emissions in the eastern and western regions, as well as an N-shaped relationship in the central region, challenging mainstream wisdom. Additionally, we highlight the significant impacts of population density, industrial structure, and carbon intensity on carbon emissions. Our study also unveils the nuanced effects of government spending, which exhibits both inhibitory and region-specific influences. These findings serve to enhance our understanding of the factors influencing carbon emissions and contribute to informed decision-making in addressing climate change-related challenges.

Immunogenicity and Safety of a Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Population Aged 3 Years and Older in Chile and the Philippines: A Phase 3, Non-Inferiority, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the non-inferiority of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) developed by Sinovac Biotech Co., Ltd. (Sinovac, Beijing, China) by comparing its immunogenicity and safety with a comparator QIV (Vaxigrip Tetra®) in a population aged 3 years and older in Chile and the Philippines. METHODS: A phase 3, non-inferiority, double-blind, randomized controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted in the southern hemisphere (SH) 2023 influenza season. Participants aged ≥ 3 years old with stable health were randomized 1:1 to receive either Sinovac QIV or comparator QIV. The co-primary outcomes were immunological non-inferiority for Sinovac QIV versus the comparator against each strain contained in the vaccines in terms of seroconversion rates (SCRs) and geometric mean titers (GMTs) of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies 28 days after final vaccination. RESULTS: A total of 2039 participants were vaccinated (1019 Sinovac QIV; 1020 comparator QIV). Sinovac QIV induced non-inferior immune responses to all four strains as compared to comparator QIV, with slightly higher GMTs than those of comparator QIV: GMT ratios (lower limit 95% confidence interval (CI)) were 1.8 (1.6) for A(H1N1), 1.4 (1.3) for A (H3N2), 1.3 (1.1) for B Victoria and 1.2 (1.1) for B Yamagata; observed seroconversion rate differences (lower limit 95% CI) were 9.6% (6.7) for A(H1N1), 7.0% (3.5) for A(H3N2), 2.4% (-0.03) for B Victoria and 6.8% (3.0) for B Yamagata. Adverse reactions were similar across the two groups and no vaccine-related serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS: The immunogenicity of Sinovac QIV was non-inferior to that of the comparator QIV in these populations aged 3 years and older, and safety was comparable.

Efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of CoronaVac® in children and adolescents aged 6 months to 17 years: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III clinical trial.

Safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19 for children and adolescents are needed. This international multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III clinical trial assessed the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of CoronaVac® in children and adolescents (NCT04992260). The study was carried out in Chile, South Africa, Malaysia, and the Philippines. The enrollment ran from September 10, 2021 to March 25, 2022. For efficacy assessment, the median follow-up duration from 14 days after the second dose was 169 days. A total of 11,349 subjects were enrolled. Two 3-µg injections of CoronaVac® or placebo were given 28 days apart. The primary endpoint was the efficacy of the CoronaVac®. The secondary endpoints were the immunogenicity and safety. The vaccine efficacy was 21.02% (95% CI: 1.65, 36.67). The level of neutralizing antibody in the vaccine group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (GMT: 390.80 vs. 62.20, P <0.0001). Most adverse reactions were mild or moderate. All the severe adverse events were determined to be unrelated to the investigational products. In conclusion, in the Omicron-dominate period, a two-dose schedule of 3 µg CoronaVac® was found to be safe and immunogenic, and showed potential against symptomatic COVID-19 in healthy children and adolescents.

Loss of ß-catenin reveals a role for glutathione in regulating oxidative stress during cholestatic liver disease.

BACKGROUND: Cholestasis is an intractable liver disorder that results from impaired bile flow. We have previously shown that the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway regulates the progression of cholestatic liver disease through multiple mechanisms, including bile acid metabolism and hepatocyte proliferation. To further explore the impact of these functions during intrahepatic cholestasis, we exposed mice to a xenobiotic that causes selective biliary injury. METHODS: α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) was administered to liver-specific knockout (KO) of ß-catenin and wild-type mice in the diet. Mice were killed at 6 or 14 days to assess the severity of cholestatic liver disease, measure the expression of target genes, and perform biochemical analyses. RESULTS: We found that the presence of ß-catenin was protective against ANIT, as KO mice had a significantly lower survival rate than wild-type mice. Although serum markers of liver damage and total bile acid levels were similar between KO and wild-type mice, the KO had minor histological abnormalities, such as sinusoidal dilatation, concentric fibrosis around ducts, and decreased inflammation. Notably, both total glutathione levels and expression of glutathione-S-transferases, which catalyze the conjugation of ANIT to glutathione, were significantly decreased in KO after ANIT. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2, a master regulator of the antioxidant response, was activated in KO after ANIT as well as in a subset of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis lacking activated ß-catenin. Despite the activation of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2, KO livers had increased lipid peroxidation and cell death, which likely contributed to mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of ß-catenin leads to increased cellular injury and cell death during cholestasis through failure to neutralize oxidative stress, which may contribute to the pathology of this disease.

Differential diagnostic value of radiomics models in benign versus malignant vertebral compression fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Early diagnosis of benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures by analyzing imaging data is crucial to guide treatment and assess prognosis, and the development of radiomics made it an alternative option to biopsy examination. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted with the purpose of quantifying the diagnostic efficacy of radiomics models in distinguishing between benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures. METHODS: Searching on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was conducted to identify eligible studies published before September 23, 2023. After evaluating for methodological quality and risk of bias using the Radiomics Quality Score (RQS) and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2), we selected studies providing confusion matrix results to be included in random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of sixteen articles, involving 1,519 vertebrae with pathological-diagnosed tumor infiltration, were included in our meta-analysis. The combined sensitivity and specificity of the top-performing models were 0.92 (95 % CI: 0.87-0.96) and 0.93 (95 % CI: 0.88-0.96), respectively. Their AUC was 0.97 (95 % CI: 0.96-0.99). By contrast, radiologists' combined sensitivity was 0.90 (95 %CI: 0.75-0.97) and specificity was 0.92 (95 %CI: 0.67-0.98). The AUC was 0.96 (95 %CI: 0.94-0.97). Subsequent subgroup analysis and sensitivity test suggested that part of the heterogeneity might be explained by differences in imaging modality, segmentation, deep learning and cross-validation. CONCLUSION: We found remarkable diagnosis potential in correctly distinguishing vertebral compression fractures in complex clinical contexts. However, the published radiomics models still have a great heterogeneity, and more large-scale clinical trials are essential to validate their generalizability.

Research on the dynamic tensile characteristics and surface crack evolution of coal under impact loading.

The tensile properties of coal under dynamic loading are important mechanical characteristics of coal and are highly important for controlling coal rock stability under impact loading conditions, selecting blasting engineering parameters, and studying the mechanism of rockburst disasters. To investigate the dynamic tensile failure process of coal subjected to impact loading, this study used high-speed photography and digital image correlation technology to capture the dynamic tensile failure of coal under impact loading. The dynamic tensile evolution was quantitatively analyzed from the beginning of coal sample being loaded to failure. The captured images of the coal were processed, and the fractal dimension was used to quantitatively describe the evolution of the coal surface cracks under impact loading. The following conclusions were drawn from the experimental results: (1) An empirical formula was established to describe the dynamic tensile strength characteristics of coal under different loading rates. (2) Under impact loading, the maximum strain of a Brazilian disc coal sample first appeared at the contact end between the sample and the incident rod. (3) Under impact loading, a Brazilian disc coal sample cracked from the center of the sample outward, and the crack subsequently extended toward both ends. The fractal dimension of the crack exhibited a power function relationship with time, and the variation range of the fractal dimension of the crack was 1.05-1.39.

Glycosyltransferase Slr1064 regulates carbon metabolism by modulating the levels of UDP-GlcNAc in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes that transfer sugars to various targets. They play important roles in diverse biological processes, including photosynthesis, cell motility, exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism; however, their involvement in regulating carbon metabolism in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 has not been reported. We identified a novel GT protein, Slr1064, involved in carbon metabolism. The effect of slr1064 deletion on the growth of Synechocystis cells and functional mechanisms of Slr1064 on carbon metabolism were thoroughly investigated through physiological, biochemistry, proteomic, and metabolic analyses. We found that this GT, which is mainly distributed in the membrane compartment, is essential for the growth of Synechocystis under heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, but not under autotrophic conditions. The deletion of slr1064 hampers the turnover rate of Gap2 under mixotrophic conditions and disrupts the assembly of the PRK/GAPDH/CP12 complex under dark culture conditions. Additionally, UDP-GlcNAc, the pivotal metabolite responsible for the O-GlcNAc modification of GAPDH, is downregulated in the Δslr1064. Our work provides new insights into the role of GTs in carbon metabolism in Synechocystis and elucidate the mechanism by which carbon metabolism is regulated in this important model organism.

Coping with alpine habitats: genomic insights into the adaptation strategies of Triplostegia glandulifera (Caprifoliaceae).

How plants find a way to thrive in alpine habitats remains largely unknown. Here we present a chromosome-level genome assembly for an alpine medicinal herb, Triplostegia glandulifera (Caprifoliaceae), and 13 transcriptomes from other species of Dipsacales. We detected a whole-genome duplication event in T. glandulifera that occurred prior to the diversification of Dipsacales. Preferential gene retention after whole-genome duplication was found to contribute to increasing cold-related genes in T. glandulifera. A series of genes putatively associated with alpine adaptation (e.g. CBFs, ERF-VIIs, and RAD51C) exhibited higher expression levels in T. glandulifera than in its low-elevation relative, Lonicera japonica. Comparative genomic analysis among five pairs of high- vs low-elevation species, including a comparison of T. glandulifera and L. japonica, indicated that the gene families related to disease resistance experienced a significantly convergent contraction in alpine plants compared with their lowland relatives. The reduction in gene repertory size was largely concentrated in clades of genes for pathogen recognition (e.g. CNLs, prRLPs, and XII RLKs), while the clades for signal transduction and development remained nearly unchanged. This finding reflects an energy-saving strategy for survival in hostile alpine areas, where there is a tradeoff with less challenge from pathogens and limited resources for growth. We also identified candidate genes for alpine adaptation (e.g. RAD1, DMC1, and MSH3) that were under convergent positive selection or that exhibited a convergent acceleration in evolutionary rate in the investigated alpine plants. Overall, our study provides novel insights into the high-elevation adaptation strategies of this and other alpine plants.

Online Collaborative Perception of Full Bridge Deck Driving Visual of Far Blind Area on Suspension Bridge during Vortex-Induced Vibration.

During a vertical vortex-induced vibration (VVIV), an undulating bridge deck will affect drivers' sightlines, causing the phenomenon of drifting and changes in the far blind area, thus presenting a potential threat to driving safety. Consequently, to ensure the safety of driving on a suspension bridge deck under VVIV, it is necessary to perceive the far blind spot caused by the occlusion of the driving sightlines under this condition, and to establish an online perception and evaluation mechanism for driving safety. With a long-span suspension bridge experiencing VVIV as the engineering background, this paper utilizes the acceleration integration algorithm and the sine function fitting method to achieve the online perception of real-time dynamic configurations of the main girder. Then, based on the configurations, the maximum height of the driver's far blind area and effective sight distance are calculated accordingly, and the impact of different driving conditions on them is discussed. The proposed technical framework for driving safety perception in far blind spots is feasible, as it can achieve real-time estimation of the maximum height and effective distance of the far blind area, thereby providing technical support for bridge-vehicle-human collaborative perception and traffic control during vortex-induced vibration.

Comparing perioperative outcomes between regional anesthesia and general anesthesia in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Nearly all patients with hip fractures undergo surgical treatment. The use of different anesthesia techniques during surgery may influence the clinical outcomes. The optimal anesthetic technique for patients undergoing hip fracture surgery is still controversial. We performed this updated systematic review and meta-analysis to compare clinical outcomes of patients undergoing hip fracture surgery with different anesthesia techniques. SOURCE: Articles published from 2000 to May 2023 were included from MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. We included randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing general anesthesia (GA) with regional anesthesia (RA) for the outcomes of 30-day mortality, 90-day mortality, in-hospital mortality, perioperative complications, length of hospital stay, and length of surgery in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Subgroup analyses were performed for the outcomes based on study design (randomized controlled trials or observational studies). We used a random-effects model for all analyses. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this meta-analysis, we included 12 randomized controlled trials. There was no difference in postoperative 30-day mortality between the two groups (odds ratio [OR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44 to 1.74; I2 = 0%). The incidence of intraoperative hypotension was lower in patients who received RA vs GA (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.72; I2 = 0%). No significant differences were observed in 90-day mortality, in-hospital mortality, postoperative delirium, pneumonia, myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolism, length of surgery, and length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: In this updated systematic review and meta-analysis, RA did not reduce postoperative 30-day mortality in hip fracture surgery patients compared to GA. Fewer patients receiving RA had intraoperative hypotension than those receiving GA did. Apart from intraoperative hypotension, the data showed no differences in complications between the two anesthetic techniques. STUDY REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42023411854); registered 7 April 2023.

RéSUMé: OBJECTIF: Presque toutes les personnes ayant subi une fracture de la hanche se font opérer. L'utilisation de différentes techniques d'anesthésie pendant la chirurgie peut influencer les issues cliniques. La technique d'anesthésie optimale pour la patientèle bénéficiant de chirurgie de fracture de la hanche est encore controversée. Nous avons réalisé cette mise à jour par revue systématique et méta-analyse pour comparer les issues cliniques des personnes bénéficiant d'une chirurgie de fracture de la hanche avec différentes techniques d'anesthésie. SOURCES: Les articles publiés de 2000 à mai 2023 ont été inclus à partir des bases de données MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science et Cochrane Library. Nous avons inclus des études randomisées contrôlées et des études observationnelles comparant l'anesthésie générale (AG) à l'anesthésie régionale (AR) pour les issues de mortalité à 30 jours, de mortalité à 90 jours, de mortalité intrahospitalière, de complications périopératoires, de durée de séjour à l'hôpital et de durée de la chirurgie pour les personnes bénéficiant d'une chirurgie de fracture de la hanche. Des analyses de sous-groupes ont été réalisées pour les issues en fonction de la méthodologie utilisée (étude randomisée contrôlée ou étude observationnelle). Un modèle à effets aléatoires a été utilisé pour toutes les analyses. CONSTATATIONS PRINCIPALES: Dans cette méta-analyse, nous avons inclus 12 études randomisées contrôlées. Il n'y avait pas de différence dans la mortalité postopératoire à 30 jours entre les deux groupes (rapport de cotes [RC], 0,88; intervalle de confiance à 95 % [IC], 0,44 à 1,74; I2 = 0 %). L'incidence d'hypotension peropératoire était plus faible chez les patient·es ayant reçu une AR vs une AG (RC, 0,52; IC 95 %, 0,38 à 0,72; I2 = 0 %). Aucune différence significative n'a été observée dans les issues de mortalité à 90 jours, de mortalité intrahospitalière, de delirium postopératoire, de pneumonie, d'infarctus du myocarde, de thromboembolie veineuse, de durée de la chirurgie, et de durée du séjour à l'hôpital. CONCLUSION: Dans cette revue systématique avec méta-analyse, l'anesthésie régionale n'a pas réduit la mortalité postopératoire à 30 jours chez les personnes ayant bénéficié d'une chirurgie de fracture de la hanche par rapport à l'anesthésie générale. Une proportion moindre de patient·es ayant reçu une AR présentaient une hypotension peropératoire par rapport aux personnes ayant reçu une AG. En dehors de l'hypotension peropératoire, les données n'ont montré aucune différence dans les complications entre les deux techniques anesthésiques. ENREGISTREMENT DE L'éTUDE: PROSPERO (CRD42023411854); enregistrée le 7 avril 2023.

Lesser relevance markers in Chinese academic spoken English corpus: a cross-disciplinary study on pragmatic features.

This study explores the usage characteristics and pragmatic functions of lesser relevance markers in academic spoken English lectures presented by Chinese scholars. A qualitative and quantitative approach is employed using the Chinese Academic Spoken English Corpus (CASEC), which encompasses disciplines in science, engineering, humanities, and social sciences. The findings reveal that Chinese scholars use lesser relevance markers less frequently compared to native English speakers. These differences in usage highlight the influence of language background, disciplinary culture, and communication conventions on the realization of informing evaluation, topic handling, and interactivity. Furthermore, within the Chinese scholars' group, humanities and social sciences scholars tend to use lesser relevance markers more frequently than science and engineering scholars. This research enhances our understanding of the multifaceted pragmatic roles of lesser relevance markers and offers insights into cross-cultural academic communication and English teaching.

Identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers for tenosynovial giant cell tumour by integrating microarray and single-cell RNA sequencing data.

PURPOSE: Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) is a benign hyperplastic and inflammatory disease of the joint synovium or tendon sheaths, which may be misdiagnosed due to its atypical symptoms and imaging features. We aimed to identify biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity to aid in diagnosing TGCT. METHODS: Two scRNA-seq datasets (GSE210750 and GSE152805) and two microarray datasets (GSE3698 and GSE175626) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. By integrating the scRNA-seq datasets, we discovered that the osteoclasts are abundant in TGCT in contrast to the control. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) further validated this discovery. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the GSE3698 dataset were screened and the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were conducted. Osteoclast-specific up-regulated genes (OCSURGs) were identified by intersecting the osteoclast marker genes in the scRNA-seq and the up-regulated DEGs in the microarray and by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm. The expression levels of OCSURGs were validated by an external dataset GSE175626. Then, single gene GSEA, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and gene-drug network of OCSURGs were performed. RESULT: 22 seurat clusters were acquired and annotated into 10 cell types based on the scRNA-seq data. TGCT had a larger population of osteoclasts compared to the control. A total of 159 osteoclast marker genes and 104 DEGs (including 61 up-regulated genes and 43 down-regulated genes) were screened from the scRNA-seq analysis and the microarray analysis. Three OCSURGs (MMP9, SPP1, and TYROBP) were finally identified. The AUC of the ROC curve in the training and testing datasets suggested a favourable diagnostic capability. The PPI network results illustrated the protein-protein interaction of each OCSURG. Drugs that potentially target the OCSURGs were predicted by the DGIdb database. CONCLUSION: MMP9, SPP1, and TYROBP were identified as osteoclast-specific up-regulated genes of the tenosynovial giant cell tumour via bioinformatic analysis, which had a reasonable diagnostic efficiency and served as potential drug targets.

Immune response and safety of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during pregnancy: a real-world observational study.

BACKGROUND: As pregnant women are excluded from clinical trials of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, it is important to assess the immune response in women receiving the vaccination while unknowingly pregnant. METHODS: In a multicenter cross-sectional study, we enrolled 873 pregnant women aged 18-45 years. Serum antibody levels induced by inactivated vaccines were determined. Adverse events were collected by self-reported survey after vaccination. Logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline model were used to investigate the association of factors with antibody positivity. RESULTS: As the doses of the vaccine increase, neutralizing antibody (NAb) positivity was 98.3%, 39.5%, and 9.5% in pregnant women, respectively. The dose of vaccine and duration since vaccination were associated with NAb positivity. The OR of two and three doses of vaccines were 7.20 and 458.33 (P < 0.05). NAb levels and duration since vaccination showed a linear relationship in pregnant women vaccinated two doses, with a decrease to a near seropositivity threshold at 22 weeks. Adverse events were mainly mild or moderate after vaccinated during pregnancy, with no increase in incidence compared with whom vaccinated during pre-pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The use of inactivated vaccines during pregnancy induced favorable immune persistence, and the incidence of adverse events did not increase.

Effect of Influenza Vaccination on Rate of Influenza Virus Infection in Chinese Military Personnel, 2015-2016: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The protective effect of a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) is undetermined in military personnel. We conducted an open-label, cluster randomized trial on active-duty servicemen of Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang, who were randomly assigned to receive either a single dose of TIV or no treatment, according to cluster randomized sampling. The subjects were then followed for a maximum of six months to assess the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza. A total of 5445 subjects in 114 clusters received one dose of TIV before the 2015/2016 influenza season. Laboratory-confirmed influenza was identified in 18 in the vaccine group compared with 87 in the control group (6031 subjects in 114 clusters), resulting in a vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 76.4% (95%CI: 60.7 to 85.8) against laboratory-confirmed influenza. Influenza-like illness was diagnosed in 132 in the vaccine group compared with 420 in the control group, resulting in a VE of 64.1% (95%CI: 56.2 to 70.6). The estimated VE against influenza B viruses was 80.5% (95%CI: 65.6 to 88.9) and 8.6% (95%CI: -241 to 75.5) against influenza A viruses. In conclusion, the trivalent influenza vaccine is moderately effective, highly immunogenic, and generally safe to use in healthy male military servicemen.