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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0-12 months. Using monitoring data from the Maternal and Child Health Project conducted by the National Center for Women and Children's Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2015 to June 2019, we categorized feeding patterns during the first 6 months as exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding, or mixed feeding. We calculated weight-for-age Z scores (WAZ) according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2006 Child Growth Standard using WHO Anthro version 3.2.2. A multilevel model was used to analyze the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on the WAZ of infants ages 0-12 months in monitoring regions. Length of follow-up (age of infants) was assigned to level 1, and infants was assigned to level 2. Characteristics of infants, mothers, and families and region of the country were adjusted for in the model. The average weight of infants ages 0-12 months in our study (except the birth weights of boys who were formula fed or mixed fed) was greater than the WHO growth standard. After we adjusted for confounding factors, the multilevel model showed that the WAZ of exclusively breastfed and mixed-fed infants were statistically significantly higher than those of formula-fed infants (coefficients = 0.329 and 0.159, respectively; P < 0.05), and there was a negative interaction between feeding patterns and age (both coefficients = - 0.020; P < 0.05). Infants who were exclusively breastfed were heavier than formula-fed infants from birth until 12 months of age. Mixed-fed infants were heavier than formula-fed infants before 8 months, after which the latter overtook the former. Infants' weight development may be influenced by feeding patterns during the first 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months may be beneficial for weight development of infants in infancy.
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Peso Corporal , Lactancia Materna , Humanos , Lactante , Femenino , Masculino , Recién Nacido , Estudios Longitudinales , Desarrollo Infantil/fisiología , Fórmulas Infantiles , Conducta Alimentaria , China , Alimentación con BiberónRESUMEN
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the second leading cause of death from a single infectious agent and long-term medication could lead to antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATB-DILI). We established a prospective longitudinal cohort of ATB-DILI with multiple timepoint blood sampling and used untargeted metabolomics to analyze the metabolic profiles of 107 plasma samples from healthy controls and newly diagnosed TB patients who either developed ATB-DILI within 2 months of anti-TB treatment (ATB-DILI subjects) or completed their treatment without any adverse drug reaction (ATB-Ctrl subjects). The untargeted metabolome revealed that 77 metabolites (of 895 total) were significantly changed with ATB-DILI progression. Among them, levels of multiple fatty acids and bile acids significantly increased over time in ATB-DILI subjects. Meanwhile, metabolites of the same class were highly correlated with each other and pathway analysis indicated both fatty acids metabolism and bile acids metabolism were up-regulated with ATB-DILI progression. The targeted metabolome further validated that 5 fatty acids had prediction capability at the early stage of the disease and 6 bile acids had a better diagnostic performance when ATB-DILI occurred. These findings provide evidence indicating that fatty acids metabolism and bile acids metabolism play a vital role during ATB-DILI progression. Our report adds a dynamic perspective better to understand the pathological process of ATB-DILI in clinical settings.
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Antituberculosos , Biomarcadores , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas , Metabolómica , Humanos , Antituberculosos/efectos adversos , Masculino , Metabolómica/métodos , Femenino , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/sangre , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/metabolismo , Estudios Longitudinales , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios Prospectivos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Tuberculosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis/sangre , Tuberculosis/metabolismo , Ácidos y Sales Biliares/sangre , Ácidos y Sales Biliares/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study presented a nanoparticle-enhanced aptamer-recognizing homogeneous detection system combined with a portable instrument (NASPI) to quantify lipoarabinomannan (LAM). This system leveraged the high binding affinity of aptamers, the high sensitivity of nanoparticle cascade amplification, and the stabilization effect of dual stabilizers (fructose and histone), and used probe-Cu2+ to achieve LAM detection at concentrations ranging from 10 ag mL-1 to 100 fg mL-1, with a limit of detection of 3 ag mL-1 using a fluorometer. It can also be detected using an independently developed handheld fluorometer or the red-green-blue (RGB) camera of a smartphone, with a minimum detection concentration of 10 ag mL-1. We validated the clinical utility of the biosensor by testing the LAM in the urine of patients. Forty urine samples were tested, with positive LAM results in the urine of 18/20 tuberculosis (TB) cases and negative results in the urine of 6/10 latent tuberculosis infection cases and 10/10 non-TB cases. The assay results revealed a 100% specificity and a 90% sensitivity, with an area under the curve of 0.9. We believe that the NASPI biosensor can be a promising clinical tool with great potential to convert LAM into clinical indicators for TB patients.
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Cobre , Fructosa , Lipopolisacáridos , Nanopartículas del Metal , Teléfono Inteligente , Tuberculosis , Cobre/química , Humanos , Tuberculosis/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis/orina , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Lipopolisacáridos/orina , Fructosa/orina , ADN/química , Técnicas Biosensibles , FluorometríaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Heat exposure during pregnancy can increase the risk of preterm birth (PTB) through a range of potential mechanisms including pregnancy complications, hormone secretion and infections. However, current research mainly focuses on the effect of heat exposure on pathophysiological pathways of pregnant women, but ignore that maternal heat exposure can also cause physiological changes to the fetus, which will affect the risk of PTB. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to explore the mediating role of fetal heart rate (FHR) in the relationship between maternal heat exposure and PTB incidence. METHODS: We assigned heat exposure to a multi-center birth cohort in China during 2015-2018, which included all 162,407 singleton live births with several times FHR measurements during the second and third trimesters. We examined the associations between heat exposure, FHR and PTB in the entire pregnancy, each trimester and the last gestational month. The inverse odds ratio-weighted approach applied to the Cox regression was used to identify the mediation effect of heat exposure on PTB and its clinical subtypes via FHR. FINDINGS: Exposure to heat significantly increased the risk of PTB during the third trimester and the entire pregnancy, hazard ratios and 95 % CIs were 1.266 (1.161, 1.379) and 1.328 (1.218, 1.447). Heat exposure during the third trimester and entire pregnancy increased FHR in the third trimester by 0.24 bpm and 0.14 bpm. The proportion of heat exposure mediated by FHR elevation on PTB and its subtype ranged from 3.68 % to 24.06 %, with the significant mediation effect found for both medically indicated PTB and spontaneous PTB. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that heat exposure during pregnancy has an important impact on fetal health, and FHR, as a surrogate marker of fetal physiology, may mediate the increased risk of PTB caused by extreme heat. Monitoring and managing physiological changes in the fetus would constitute a promising avenue to reduce adverse birth outcomes associated with maternal heat exposure.
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Calor , Exposición Materna , Nacimiento Prematuro , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Nacimiento Prematuro/epidemiología , China/epidemiología , Calor/efectos adversos , Exposición Materna/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Frecuencia Cardíaca Fetal/fisiología , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios de Cohortes , Recién NacidoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is dysregulated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we assess the diagnostic potential of peripheral blood (PB) m6A levels in CRC. METHODS: We collected PB from healthy controls (HCs) and patients with CRC, analyzed PB RNA m6A levels and the expression of m6A-related demethylase genes FTO and ALKBH5, cocultured CRC cells with PB mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and constructed an MC38 cancer model. RESULTS: PB RNA m6A levels were higher in the CRC than that in HCs. The area under the curve (AUC) of m6A levels (0.886) in the CRC was significantly larger compared with carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199; 0.666) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; 0.834). The combination of CEA and CA199 with PB RNA m6A led to an increase in the AUC (0.935). Compared with HCs, the expression of FTO and ALKBH5 was decreased in the CRC. After coculturing with CRC cells, the PBMCs RNA m6A were significantly increased, whereas the expression of FTO and ALKBH5 decreased. Furthermore, m6A RNA levels in the PB of MC38 cancer models were upregulated, whereas the expression of FTO and ALKBH5 decreased. CONCLUSIONS: PB RNA m6A levels are a potential diagnostic biomarker for patients with CRC.
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PURPOSE: To investigate the mechanism by which S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100A6) affects colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to oxaliplatin (L-OHP) chemotherapy, and to explore new strategies for CRC treatment. METHODS: S100A6 expression was assessed in both parental and L-OHP-resistant CRC cells using western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Lentiviral vectors were utilized to induce the knockdown of S100A6 expression, followed by comprehensive evaluations of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, RNA-seq analysis was conducted to identify genes associated with the knockdown of S100A6. RESULTS: Elevated S100A6 expression in CRC tissues correlated with an adverse prognosis in patients with CRC. Higher expression of S100A6 was also observed in L-OHP-resistant CRC cells, which showed enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion, and antiapoptotic capabilities. Notably, the knockdown of S100A6 expression resulted in decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, and suppression of EMT and tumorigenicity in L-OHP-resistant CRC cells. Transcriptome sequencing reveals a noteworthy association between S100A6 and vimentin expression. Application of the EMT agonist, transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß), induces EMT in CRC cells. S100A6 expression positively correlates with TGF-ß expression. TGF-ß facilitated the expression of EMT-related molecules and reduced the chemosensitivity of L-OHP in S100A6-knockdown cells. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the knockdown of S100A6 may overcome the L-OHP resistance of CRC cells by modulating EMT.
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Apoptosis , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Proliferación Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Oxaliplatino , Proteína A6 de Unión a Calcio de la Familia S100 , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Oxaliplatino/farmacología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Proteína A6 de Unión a Calcio de la Familia S100/genética , Proteína A6 de Unión a Calcio de la Familia S100/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Vimentina/metabolismo , Vimentina/genética , Pronóstico , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismoRESUMEN
Microfluidic technology has emerged as a powerful tool in studying arterial thrombosis, allowing researchers to construct artificial blood vessels and replicate the hemodynamics of blood flow. This technology has led to significant advancements in understanding thrombosis and platelet adhesion and aggregation. Microfluidic models have various types and functions, and by studying the fabrication methods and working principles of microfluidic chips, applicable methods can be selected according to specific needs. The rapid development of microfluidic integrated system and modular microfluidic system makes arterial thrombosis research more diversified and automated, but its standardization still needs to be solved urgently. One key advantage of microfluidic technology is the ability to precisely control fluid flow in microchannels and to analyze platelet behavior under different shear forces and flow rates. This allows researchers to study the physiological and pathological processes of blood flow, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of arterial thrombosis. In conclusion, microfluidic technology has revolutionized the study of arterial thrombosis by enabling the construction of artificial blood vessels and accurately reproducing hemodynamics. In the future, microfluidics will place greater emphasis on versatility and automation, holding great promise for advancing antithrombotic therapeutic and prophylactic measures.
What is the context? To study the mechanism of arterial thrombosis, including the platelet adhesion and aggregation behavior and the coagulation process.Microfluidic technology is commonly used to study thrombosis. Microfluidic technology can simulate the real physiological environment on the microscopic scale in vitro, with high throughput, low cost, and fast speed.As an innovative experimental platform, microfluidic technology has made remarkable progress and has found applications in the fields of biology and medicine.What is new? This review summarizes the different fabrication methods of microfluidics and compares the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Recent developments in microfluidic integrated systems and modular microfluidic systems have led to more diversified and automated microfluidic chips in the future.The different types and functions of microfluidic models are summarized. Platelet adhesion aggregation and coagulation processes, as well as arterial thrombus-related shear force changes and mechanical behaviors, were investigated by constructing artificial blood vessels and reproducing hemodynamics.Microfluidics can provide a basis for the development of personalized thrombosis treatment strategies. By analyzing the mechanism of action of existing drugs, using microfluidic technology for high-throughput screening of drugs and evaluating drug efficacy, more drug therapy possibilities can be developed.What is the impact?This review utilizes microfluidics to further advance the study of arterial thrombosis, and microfluidics is also expected to play a greater role in the biomedical field in the future.
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Sustitutos Sanguíneos , Trombosis , Humanos , Microfluídica/métodos , Plaquetas/patología , Trombosis/patología , Adhesividad PlaquetariaRESUMEN
Introduction: To evaluate the efficacy of optimized pulse technology in treating chalazia. Methods: Prospective before-after study. All patients received two sessions of optimal pulse technology (OPT) with an interval of 1 week. The first visit was before treatment and the patients underwent 2 treatment sessions with a 1-week interval. The non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score, Schirmer's test I without anesthesia, conjunctival hyperemia, and meibomian gland area were compared before and after treatment, and the related factors of curative effect were analyzed. Results: 23 patients (23 eyes) with chalazia were included. All patients received two sessions of OPT treatment at 1-week intervals. Following the first OPT treatment, a reduction in the chalazion size was observed in 17 patients (73.91%). One patient was completely cured, and 1 patient had an increase in the diameter of the chalazion. The meibomian gland area increased significantly compared to before treatment (p = 0.023). Compared with baseline, the conjunctival congestion and ST decreased, NIBUT increased, and there was no statistical difference. After the second treatment, the chalazion size decreased in 21 cases, and 3 patients were cured. A significant increase in the meibomian gland area compared with the baseline area (p < 0.001). Additionally, conjunctival congestion decreased significantly. After two sessions, the Schirmer test exhibited a decrease, and NIBUT increased, although these changes did not reach statistical significance. The curative effect was unrelated to sex, age, first onset, single disease, and other factors. Conclusion: After treatment, the diameter of chalazions was reduced in 91.3% of the patients, and the area of the meibomian gland was significantly increased compared with that before treatment, which suggested that 2 OPT treatments at an interval of 1 week can improve the signs of adult patients in the non-acute infectious stage with chalazia.
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Whole-genome duplication is a significant evolutionary mechanism in plants, with polyploid plants often displaying larger organs and enhanced adaptability to unfavorable conditions compared to their diploid counterparts. The cell wall acts as a primary defense for plant cells against external stresses, playing an essential role in the plant's resistance to various stressors. In this study, we utilized both autotetraploid and its donor diploid rice (Oryza sativa L.) to analyze their phenotypic differences comparatively, the composition of key cell wall components, and the expression of related genes under normal conditions, as well as under stress from Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) and salt. Our findings indicated that autotetraploid rice exhibits significantly larger phenotypic characteristics under normal conditions than diploid rice. At the seedling stage, the lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin levels in autotetraploid rice were markedly lower than in diploid rice. Additionally, 24 genes associated with major cell wall components showed differential expression between diploid and tetraploid rice. At the filling stage, the lignin and pectin content in autotetraploid rice were significantly higher than in diploid rice, while the levels of cellulose and hemicellulose were notably lower. Under M. oryzae stress or salt stress, autotetraploid rice showed smaller lesion areas and less wilting than diploid rice. The increased lignin content in autotetraploid rice under M. oryzae stress suggested a stronger adaptive capacity to adverse conditions. Compared to salt stress, M. oryzae stress induced more differential expression of genes related to major cell wall components. In this study, we explored the differences in the major cell wall components of diploid and homologous tetraploid rice under various treatment conditions. This study provides valuable insights into understanding the cell wall's adaptive mechanisms in autotetraploid rice when facing blast disease and salt stress, and it reveals the differential gene expression linked to these adaptive capabilities.
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Saline stress is a major abiotic stress that inhibits plant growth and yields worldwide. The plant transcription factor (TF) family plays an important role in converting abiotic stress signals into gene expression changes. In this study, a transcriptome-based comparative analysis was performed to investigate the global gene expression of all the TFs in diploid and autotetraploid rice during the early stage of NaCl stress and recovery period. The phenotypic data indicated that the tetraploid rice exhibited a superior salt-tolerant ability compared to the diploid rice. A total of 55 TF families were co-expressed in the tetraploid and diploid rice, and the cumulative number of TF-expressed genes was relatively higher in the diploid rice than in the tetraploid rice at all time points. Unlike the diploid rice, the overall gene expression levels of the tetraploid rice were comparable to the control during recovery. The number of differentially expressed TFs (DE-TFs) in the tetraploid rice decreased after recovery, whereas it increased to a large extent in the diploid rice. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the DE-TFs discovered the early switching of the ABA-activated signaling pathway and specific circadian rhythm in the tetraploid rice. Combining the PPI network and heatmap analysis, some core DE-TFs were found that may have potential roles to play in tetraploid salt tolerance. This study will pave the way for elucidating the complex network regulatory mechanisms of salt tolerance in tetraploid rice.
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Oryza , Transcriptoma , Humanos , Oryza/metabolismo , Tetraploidía , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Diploidia , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las PlantasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) infection-induced sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI) has emerged as a significant clinical challenge. Increasing evidence suggests that activated inflammatory macrophages contribute to tissue damage in sepsis. However, the underlying causes of widespread macrophage activation remain unclear. METHODS: BALB/c mice were intravenously injected with inactivated hvKp (iHvKp) to observe lung tissue damage, inflammation, and M1 macrophage polarization. In vitro, activated RAW264.7 macrophage-derived exosomes (iHvKp-exo) were isolated and their role in ALI formation was investigated. RT-PCR was conducted to identify changes in exosomal miRNA. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate MSK1 as a direct target of miR-155-5p. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore the specific mechanisms involved. RESULTS: iHvKp successfully induced ALI in vivo and upregulated the expression of miR-155-5p. In vivo, injection of iHvKp-exo induced inflammatory tissue damage and macrophage M1 polarization. In vitro, iHvKp-exo was found to promote macrophage inflammatory response and M1 polarization through the activation of the p38-MAPK pathway. RT-PCR revealed exposure time-dependent increased levels of miR-155-5p in iHvKp-exo. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed the functional role of miR-155-5p in mediating iHvKp-exo effects by targeting MSK1. Additionally, inhibition of miR-155-5p reduced M1 polarization of lung macrophages in vivo, resulting in decreased lung injury and inflammation induced by iHvKp-exo or iHvKp. CONCLUSIONS: The aforementioned results indicate that exosomal miR-155-5p drives widespread macrophage inflammation and M1 polarization in hvKp-induced ALI through the MSK1/p38-MAPK Axis.
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Lesión Pulmonar Aguda , MicroARNs , Sepsis , Animales , Ratones , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Activación de Macrófagos , Lesión Pulmonar Aguda/genética , Inflamación , Macrófagos , Luciferasas , MicroARNs/genéticaRESUMEN
Background: Heat events increase the risk of preterm birth (PTB), and identifying the risk-related event thresholds contributes to developing early warning system for pregnant women and guiding their public health response. However, the event thresholds that cause the risk remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of heat events defined with different intensities and durations on PTB throughout pregnancy, and to determine thresholds for the high-risk heat events. Methods: Using a population-based birth cohort data, we included 210,798 singleton live births in eight provinces in China during 2014-2018. Daily meteorological variables and inverse distance weighted methods were used to estimate exposures at a resolution of 1 km × 1 km. A series of cut off temperature intensities (50th-97.5th percentiles, or 18 °C-35 °C) and durations (at least 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 consecutive days) were used to define the heat events. Cox regression models were used to estimate the effects of heat events on PTB in various gestational weeks during the entire pregnancy, and event thresholds were determined by calculating population attributable fractions. Findings: The hazard ratios of heat event exposure on PTB ranged from 1.07 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.13) to 1.43 (1.15, 1.77). Adverse effects of heat event exposure were prominently detected in gestational week 1-4, week 21-32 and the four weeks before delivery. The heat event thresholds were determined to be daily maximum temperature at the 90th percentile of the distribution or 30 °C lasting for at least one day. If pregnant women were able to avoid the heat exposures from the early warning systems triggered by these thresholds, approximately 15% or 17% of the number of total PTB cases could have been avoided. Interpretation: Exposure to heat event can increase the risk of PTB when thermal event exceeds a specific intensity and duration threshold, particularly in the first four gestational weeks, and between week 21 and the last four weeks. This study provides compelling evidence for the development of heat-health early warning systems for pregnant women that could substantially mitigate the risk of PTB. Funding: National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFA0606200), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42175183), Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (No. SZSM202111001).
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Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a re-emerging binary cellular level cancer intervention that occurs through the interaction of a cancer-specific 10boron (10B) drug and neutrons. We created a new 10B drug, 3-borono-l-tyrosine (BTS), that improves on the characteristics of the main historical BNCT drug 4-borono-l-phenylalanine (BPA). BTS has up to 4 times greater uptake in vitro than BPA and increased cellular retention. Like BPA, BTS uptake is mediated by the l-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1) but is less sensitive to natural amino acid competition. BTS can be formulated and bolus dosed at much higher levels than BPA, resulting in 2-3 times greater boron delivery in vivo. Fast blood clearance and greater tumor boron delivery result in superior tumor-to-blood ratios. BTS boron delivery appears to correlate with LAT1 expression. BTS is a promising boron delivery drug that has the potential to improve modern BNCT interventions.
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Aminoácidos , Terapia por Captura de Neutrón de Boro , Línea Celular Tumoral , Boro , Terapia por Captura de Neutrón de Boro/métodos , Solubilidad , Fenilalanina/química , Compuestos de Boro/químicaRESUMEN
Saline-alkali stress is a significant abiotic stress factor that impacts plant growth, development, and crop yield. Consistent with the notion that genome-wide replication events can enhance plant stress resistance, autotetraploid rice exhibited a higher level of tolerance to saline-alkali stress than its donor counterparts, which is reflected by differential gene expression between autotetraploid and diploid rice in response to salt, alkali, and saline-alkali stress. In this study, we investigated the expression of the transcription factors (TFs) in the leaf tissues of autotetraploid and diploid rice under different types of saline-alkali stress. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 1040 genes from 55 TF families that were altered in response to these stresses, with a significantly higher number in autotetraploid rice compared to diploid rice. Contrarily, under these stresses, the number of expressed TF genes in autotetraploid rice was greater than that in diploid rice for all three types of stress. In addition to the different numbers, the differentially expressed TF genes were found to be from significantly distinct TF families between autotetraploid and diploid rice genotypes. The GO enrichment analysis unraveled that all the DEGs were distributed with differentially biological functions in rice, in particular those that were enriched in the pathways of phytohormones and salt resistance, signal transduction, and physiological and biochemical metabolism in autotetraploid rice compared to its diploid counterpart. This may provide useful guidance for studying the biological roles of polyploidization in plant resilience in response to saline-alkali stress.
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Diploidia , Oryza , Humanos , Oryza/genética , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Solución Salina , Cloruro de Sodio , Hojas de la Planta/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Exploring reliable prediction scoring systems is valuable for the poor prognosis of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Herein, we explored and compared the predictive performance of vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS), vasoactive-ventilation-renal (VVR) score, and modified VVR (M-VVR) score in the poor prognosis of patients undergoing CABG. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, and data of 537 patients were collected from January 2019 to May 2021. The independent variables were VIS, VVR, and M-VVR. Study endpoint of interest was the poor prognosis. Association between VIS, VVR, M-VVR and poor prognosis was assessed using logistic regression analysis, and odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. The performance of VIS, VVR, and M-VVR to predict the poor prognosis was assessed by calculating the area under the curve (AUC), and differences of the AUC of the three scoring systems were compared using DeLong test. RESULTS: After adjusting gender, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, surgery methods, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), VIS (OR: 1.09, 95%CI: 1.05-1.13) and M-VVR (OR: 1.09, 95%CI: 1.06-1.12) were associated with the increased odds of poor prognosis. The AUC of M-VVR, VVR, and VIS was 0.720 (95%CI: 0.668-0.771), 0.621 (95%CI: 0.566-0.677), and 0.685 (95%CI: 0.631-0.739), respectively. DeLong test displayed that the performance of M-VVR was better than VVR (P = 0.004) and VIS (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Our study found the good prediction performance of M-VVR for the poor prognosis of patients undergoing CABG, indicating that M-VVR may be a useful prediction index in the clinic.
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Puente de Arteria Coronaria , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Volumen Sistólico , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , PronósticoRESUMEN
Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a prospective noninvasive biomarker for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. Here, we report a visual immunoassay of high sensitivity for detecting LAM in urine samples toward TB diagnosis. This method uses a DNA-linked immunosorbent of LAM, followed by a transduction cascade into amplified visual signals using quantum dots (QDs) and calcein reaction with Cu2+ and copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs). The limit of detection (LOD) for LAM in the urine reaches 2.5 fg/mL and 25 fg/mL using a fluorometer and length readouts on strips, respectively, demonstrating an ultrahigh sensitivity. The clinical validation of the proposed assay was performed with 147 HIV-negative clinical urine specimens. The results show the sensitivity of test is 94.1% (16/17) for confirmed TB (culture-positive) and 85% (51/60) for unconfirmed TB (clinical diagnosis without positive culture results), respectively, when the test cutoff value is 40 fg/mL for TB. Its specificity is 89.2% (25/28) in non-TB and nontuberculous mycobacterial patients. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.86 when controls were non-TB and LTBI patients, while the AUC was 0.92 when controls were only non-TB patients. This highly sensitive visual immunoassay of LAM has shown potential for noninvasive diagnosis of TB using urine samples.
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Infecciones por VIH , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Tuberculosis/diagnóstico , Lipopolisacáridos , Inmunoensayo , Infecciones por VIH/diagnósticoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common endocrine malignancy, comprising nearly one-third of all head and neck malignancies worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the malignant progression of multiple cancers; however, their contribution to thyroid diseases has not been fully explored. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study aimed to illustrate the regulatory mechanism of microRNA-196a-5p in TC progression and to investigate whether microRNA-196a-5p affects progression of TC cells by targeting low-density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein 1B (LRP1B). MicroRNA-196a-5p and LRP1B expression status in TC cells and normal human thyroid cells was detected by quantative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, scratch healing assay, and Transwell assay were also performed. RESULTS: The results showed that microRNA-196a-5p expression was up-regulated and LRP1B expression was down regulated in TC cells. In addition, the upregulation of microRNA-196a-5p facilitated progression of TC cells. Silencing microRNA-196a-5p led to the opposite results. Dual-luciferase reporter assay offered evidence for microRNA-196a-5p targeting LRP1B in TC. MicroRNA-196a-5p could target LRP1B to facilitate proliferation, invasion, and migration of TC cells. CONCLUSION: Overall, this study revealed that microRNA-196a-5p may be a cancer-promoting microRNA that plays an important role in TC progression.
Asunto(s)
MicroARNs , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Humanos , Proliferación Celular , Movimiento Celular/genética , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/genética , Fenotipo , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Receptores de LDL/genética , Receptores de LDL/metabolismoRESUMEN
The issue of climate and environment has been paid more and more attention by countries all over the world, especially regarding carbon emissions. Many national policies and scholars' research contents have focused on this issue, which has become a hot topic in today's society. As the world's largest carbon emitter, it is vital for China to achieve green development, upgrade its industrial structure and explore the relationship between industrial structure upgrading and carbon emissions. To explore the decoupling and interactive effects of industrial structure upgrading and carbon emissions, this paper divides industrial structure upgrading into two aspects: rationalization of industrial structure and upgrading of industrial structure. Indicators related to industrial structure upgrading and carbon emissions are selected and the decoupling model of carbon emissions and industrial structure upgrading is constructed using panel data from 30 regions from 1997 to 2019. The core density function is used to analyze the decoupling distribution characteristics, and then the Gini coefficient decomposition method is used to analyze the carbon emissions decoupling index, revealing the regional differences and sources of carbon emissions decoupling index. Finally, spatial factors are included in the regression model to verify the spatial synergy effect of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emissions. The overall and local Moran indexes are used to reveal the spatial internal structure and agglomeration characteristics of industrial structure upgrading and carbon emissions, and, based on the research results, policy recommendations are put forward to promote sustainable and stable development of industrial structure upgrading in China. This provides a new perspective for understanding the relationship between industrial structure upgrading and carbon emissions and also provides a decision-making reference for promoting decoupling of industrial structure upgrading and carbon emissions under high-quality economic development and forcing low-carbon transformation of the industrial structure.