Tourism-type ontology framework for tourism-type classification, naming, and knowledge organization.

The names of tourism types formed by scholars and practitioners reflect the connotations of various tourism types from different aspects and carry a wealth of tourism knowledge. The documents containing the names and connotations of 232 tourism types were sorted from the Springer Encyclopedia of Tourism and 16 major international academic journals. These documents were analyzed using the coding method of grounded theory. A total of 155 naming elements, 22 subcategories, and six categories were extracted. These naming elements, subcategories, and categories constitute the tourism-type ontology, which is the first tourism-type classification framework. Furthermore, the construction of tourism-type ontology enriches the existing research on overall tourism knowledge. The tourism-type ontology can also be used as a preliminary framework for organizing overall tourism knowledge and a foundation for constructing a unified tourism-type naming rule.

Psychological decision-making process of construction worker safety behavior: an agent-based simulation approach.

Objectives. Relationships between safety behavior and its antecedents have been widely studied. However, the psychological decision-making process of construction worker safety behavior (CWSB) is rarely examined from the systematic perspective. Thus, this study constructed the theoretical framework for the decision-making process of CWSB and systematically explored effects of individual factors (education, age and safety knowledge), organizational factors (safety climate and leader-member exchange [LMX]) and psychological factors (psychological capital [PsyCap] and communication competence [CommComp]) on the dynamic performance of CWSB. Methods. Data were collected from the literature and 536 construction workers in China. The theoretical model was tested with the agent-based simulation (ABS) technique. Results. High level of education, safety knowledge, safety climate, LMX, PsyCap and CommComp help to reduce unsafe behavior at the cut-off point. However, the age-safety relationship might present a U-shape, which denotes that reasonable age structure of construction worker groups may be an option for bettering safety performance. The results indicate that the psychological decision-making process of CWSB is not only the result of individual rational decision, but also the product of organizational and psychological impacts. Findings of this study shed lights on safety behavior management practices based on the psychological decision-making process of CWSB.

Formation Mechanisms of Rural Summer Health Destination Loyalty: Exploration and Comparison of Low- and High-Aged Elderly Leisure Vacation Tourists.

Destination loyalty is a key indicator of the competitiveness of tourist destinations. Rural summer health leisure vacations for urban elderly (RSHLVUE) tourists span a wide range of ages. Destination operators need to understand the loyalty formation mechanisms of different aged tourists. RSHLVUE tourists were divided into a low-aged group (LA) and a high-aged group (HA) to examine and modify the hypothesis of the relationship between perceived value, tourist well-being, place attachment, and destination loyalty based on affect, behavior, and cognition (ABC) theory. The test results of the measurement model indicate that the HA showed stronger responses in terms of cost value, sense of meaning, and place dependency. The formation mechanism of destination loyalty for the LA is tourist well-being → perceived value → place attachment → destination loyalty, and for the HA is perceived value → tourist well-being → place attachment → destination loyalty. The findings deepen the understanding of destination loyalty among elderly leisure vacation tourists and can guide RSHLVUE destination managers to enhance destination competitiveness.

Quercetin attenuates the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide regimen and potentiates its chemotherapeutic effect against triple-negative breast cancer.

Doxorubicin combined with cyclophosphamide (AC) is the most commonly used regimen for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) chemotherapy; however, its clinical application is severely limited by its serious adverse effect on cardiomyocytes. The cardiotoxicity of AC is mainly the result of oxidative stress caused by the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, and it also involves multiple signaling pathways. Quercetin (Que) has been proven to possess strong antioxidant activity, and therefore we investigated whether it had potential protective effect against AC-induced cardiotoxicity. Meanwhile, we also evaluated its effect on the antitumor activity of AC. Our in vitro studies showed that Que could attenuate AC-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting ROS accumulation and activating ERK1/2 pathway in cardiomyocytes, but interestingly, Que could enhance the antitumor activity of AC by inhibiting ROS accumulation and ERK1/2 pathway in TNBC cells. In addition, our in vivo studies further confirmed that Que could enhance the chemotherapeutic effect of AC against TNBC while it reduced the injury of cardiotoxicity induced by AC. Therefore, Que could be used as a novel agent for the treatment of cardiotoxicity induced by AC regimen in TNBC chemotherapy.

Tanshinone II A improves the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin by inhibiting ß-catenin nuclear translocation.

Numerous evidence link aberrant nuclear ß-catenin accumulation to the development of breast cancer resistance, therefore, targeted inhibition of ß-catenin nuclear translocation may effectively improve the chemosensitivity of breast cancer. Doxorubicin (Dox) is the most commonly used chemotherapeutic drug for breast cancer. Here, we determined that tanshinone II A (Tan II A) could improve the sensitivity of Dox-resistant breast cancer MCF-7/dox cells to Dox, and evaluated whether the sensitization effect of Tan II A on Dox was targeted to inhibit ß-catenin nuclear translocation. The results showed that Tan II A not only significantly inhibited the nuclear translocation of ß-catenin in MCF-7/dox cells treated by Dox but also inhibited the nuclear translocation of ß-catenin in MCF-7 cells treated by Dox to a certain degree. Furthermore, when the above two cells treated by Dox combined with Tan II A were intervened with ß-catenin agonist WAY-262611, with the re-nuclear translocation of ß-catenin in the cells, the sensitization effect of Tan II A on Dox was greatly reduced. These results indicated that Tan II A could improve the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to Dox by inhibiting ß-catenin nuclear translocation. Therefore, Tan II A could be used as a potential chemosensitizer in combination with Dox for breast cancer chemotherapy.

Spatial-Temporal Pattern and Evolution Trend of the Cultivated Land Use Eco-Efficiency in the National Pilot Zone for Ecological Conservation in China.

The cultivated land use eco-efficiency (CLUE) is an important indicator to evaluate ecological civilization construction in China. Research on the spatial-temporal pattern and evolution trend of the CLUE can help to assess the level of ecological civilization construction and reveal associated demonstration and driving effects on surrounding areas. Based on the perspective of the CLUE, this paper obtains cultivated land use data pertaining to National Pilot Zones for Ecological Conservation in China and neighboring provinces from 2008 to 2018. In this study, the SBM-undesirable, Moran's I, and Markov chain models are adopted to quantitatively measure and analyze the CLUE and its temporal and spatial patterns and evolution trend. The research results indicate that the CLUE in the whole study area exhibited the characteristics of one growth, two stable, and two decline stages, with a positive spatial autocorrelation that increased year by year, and a spatial spillover effect was observed. Geographical spatial patterns and spatial spillover effects played a major role in the evolution of the CLUE, and there occurred a higher probability of improvement in the vicinity of cities with high CLUE values. In the future, practical construction experience should be disseminated at the provincial level, and policies and measures should be formulated according to local conditions. In addition, a linkage model between prefecture-level cities should be developed at the municipal level to fully manifest the positive spatial spillover effect. Moreover, we should thoroughly evaluate the risk associated with CLUE transition from high to low levels and establish a low-level early warning mechanism.

Estimation of PM2.5 Concentration Efficiency and Potential Public Mortality Reduction in Urban China.

The particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a serious air-pollutant emission in China, which has caused serious risks to public health. To reduce the pollution and corresponding public mortality, this paper proposes a method by incorporating slacks-based data envelopment analysis (DEA) and an integrated exposure risk (IER) model. By identifying the relationship between the PM2.5 concentration and mortality, the potential PM2.5 concentration efficiency and mortality reduction were measured. The proposed method has been applied to China's 243 cities in 2015. Some implications are achieved. (1) There are urban disparities in estimated results around China. The geographic distribution of urban mortality reduction is consistent with that of the PM2.5 concentration efficiency, but some inconsistency also exists. (2) The pollution reduction and public health improvement should be addressed among China's cities, especially for those in northern coastal, eastern coastal, and middle Yellow River areas. The reduction experience of PM2.5 concentration in cities of the southern coastal area could be advocated in China. (3) Environmental consideration should be part of the production adjustment of urban central China. The updating of technology is suggested for specific cities and should be considered by the policymaker.