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BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) infertility has attracted great attention from researchers due to its high incidence. Numerous studies have shown that Chinese medicine is effective in treating this disease, but there is a wide variety of Chinese medicine therapies available, and there is a lack of comparative evaluation of the efficacy of various Chinese medicine combination therapies in the clinic, which requires further in-depth exploration. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a combined traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy for the treatment of infertility with PCOS using network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODS: In PubMed, web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Data, VIP Database, China Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed) databases, searchs were conducted for information about the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of combined TCM therapy for the treatment of infertility with PCOS. Quality evaluation was performed using the Cochrane 5.3 risk of bias assessment tool, and NMA using Stata 16.0. RESULTS: This study comprised 28 RCTs using 8 combined TCM therapies in total. The results of the NMA showed that moxibustionâ +â herbal, fire acupunctureâ +â herbal, acupunctureâ +â herbal, electroacupunctureâ +â herbal, and acupoint applicationâ +â herbal improved the clinical pregnancy rate better than acupuncture, herbal, and western medicines monotherapy (Pâ <â .05). Additionally, ear point pressureâ +â herbal enemaâ +â herbal, acupuncture and moxibustionâ +â herbal, fire acupunctureâ +â herbal, and acupunctureâ +â herbal improved the ovulation rate better than acupuncture, herbal, and western medicines monotherapy (Pâ <â .05). Moxibustionâ +â herbal, fire acupunctureâ +â herbal, and acupunctureâ +â herbal are the 3 most effective therapies for improving the clinical pregnancy rate. Fire acupunctureâ +â herbal, acupunctureâ +â herbal, and ear point pressureâ +â herbal enemaâ +â herbal are the 3 most effective therapies for improving the ovulation rate. CONCLUSION: The combined TCM therapy demonstrated better efficacy for the treatment of infertility with PCOS compared to acupuncture, herbal, and western medicines monotherapy. However, the optimal treatment therapy varied depending on the outcome indicators. Further large sample, high-quality, and standardized RCTs are needed to verify these findings.
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Infertilidad Femenina , Medicina Tradicional China , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Humanos , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/complicaciones , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/terapia , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Infertilidad Femenina/terapia , Infertilidad Femenina/etiología , Infertilidad Femenina/tratamiento farmacológico , Medicina Tradicional China/métodos , Terapia Combinada , Metaanálisis en Red , Embarazo , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Índice de EmbarazoRESUMEN
The study explored the clinical efficacy of a type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE5i) combined with Ziyin Baihuo granules in the treatment of patients suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED) with yin deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome. A total of 163 patients with erectile dysfunction were divided into observation and control groups. The observation group took tadalafil (Cialis) and Ziyin Baihuo granules orally, and the control group took only tadalafil orally, for 12 weeks. An additional 40 healthy people were selected as a normal group for comparison of the sex hormone levels before and after treatment of the participants in the erectile dysfunction group. After treatment, the symptoms of dry throat and tongue, tidal fever and night sweats, liking cold and avoiding heat, and waist pain showed significant improvement in the observation group (p < .05). Compared with before treatment, the clinical indexes of erectile function in the control group and the observation group were improved after treatment (p < .05). After treatment, Ziyin Baihuo granules combined with tadalafil restored the abnormal indexes of blood (p < .05) in the observation group. Our research shows that PDE5i combined with Ziyin Baihuo granules could effectively improve erectile function.
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Disfunción Eréctil , Masculino , Humanos , Disfunción Eréctil/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa , Tadalafilo/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , EmocionesRESUMEN
Introduction: Asthma and stroke share many risk factors. Previous meta-analysis has indicated that asthma is associated with an increased risk of stroke. However, this study were limited by the small number of articles included and the lack of subgroup analyses of different stroke types and different populations. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence systematically to investigate the impact of asthma on stroke. Methods: We searched Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science and EMBASE databases and manually identified eligible studies (inception dates to December 25, 2021) that analyzed the association between asthma and stroke. We conducted quality assessment to evaluate the risk of bias of studies and sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of results. Results: We included 8 cohort studies and 10 cross-sectional studies comprised 3,011,016 participants. We found patients with asthma had a higher risk of stroke than patients without asthma [relative risk (RR): 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21-1.47]. Moreover, asthma significantly increased the risk of ischemic stroke (RR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06-1.47) without increasing the risk of hemorrhagic stroke (RR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.87-1.34). Asthma increased the risk of stroke in both men (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10-1.32) and women (RR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.12-1.48) with no significant difference between the sexes. We also found that patients with inactive asthma, child-onset asthma, or no smoking history did not have an increased risk of stroke. Conclusions: These results supported the finding that asthma could significantly increase the risk of stroke, but this impact was not consistent in different populations. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=290745, identifier: CRD42021290745.
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Nutrition contributes to honey bee caste differentiation, but the role of individual nutrients is still unclear. Most essential amino acid contents, except that of methionine (Met), are greater in royal jelly than worker jelly. After â¼3.5 d, the Met content in the latter was slightly greater than in the former. Met is the major raw material used in the synthesis of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, an active methyl donor for DNA methylation, which is an epigenetic driver of caste differentiation. Here, we tested whether Met regulates caste differentiation in honey bees by determining its effects on the caste development of bees receiving four diets: the basic, basic + 0.2% Met, basic + 0.2% Met + 20 mg/kg 5-azacytidine, and basic + 20 mg/kg 5-azacytidine. The presence of Met decreased the adult bee body length and the numbers of ovarioles, indicating that Met may direct the development of female larvae toward worker bees. The upregulated expression of SAMS, Dnmt1, and Dnmt3 caused by Met exposure in 4-d-old larvae indicated that the worker-inductive effects of Met may occur through the promotion of DNA methylation. We investigated the co-effects of Met and glucose on bee development, and found that the effects of an increased glucose level on the number of ovarioles and body length did not strengthen the worker-inductive effects caused by Met. Our results contribute to caste development theory and suggest that Met-as a methyl donor-plays a regulatory, but not decisive, role in caste differentiation.
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Abejas , Metionina/metabolismo , Alimentación Animal , Animales , Abejas/genética , Abejas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Abejas/metabolismo , Metilación de ADN , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Larva/genética , Larva/crecimiento & desarrollo , Larva/metabolismo , Estadios del Ciclo de Vida , Nutrientes/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the blood biochemical characteristics of the ED patients with different types of kidney deficiency or non-kidney deficiency. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data on 156 ED patients treated in our Department of Andrology from May to July 2018 and, according to the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes, divided them into four groups: kidney-yang deficiency (n = 48), kidney-yin deficiency (n = 34), kidney-yin+yang deficiency (n = 36) and non-kidney deficiency control (n = 38). We obtained and compared their blood biochemical indexes, including the levels of testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), cortisol (CORT), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), nitric oxide (NO), total nitric oxide synthase (tNOS), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the mean age, course of disease, IIEF-5 score and erection hardness score (EHS) among the four groups of patients. Pairwise comparison showed that, compared with the non-kidney deficiency controls, the patients in the kidney-yin deficiency group exhibited a dramatically higher level of CORT (ï¼»87.97 ± 45.59ï¼½ vs ï¼»121.78 ± 41.87ï¼½ µg/L, P = 0.002) and those in the kidney-yang deficiency group a remarkably lower level of FT3 (ï¼»5.44 ± 0.38ï¼½ vs ï¼»5.11 ± 0.54ï¼½ pmol/L, P = 0.008). The iNOS level was significantly higher in the kidney-yin deficiency group (14.42 ± 2.49 U/ml) than in either the control (12.71 ± 2.58 U/ml) (P = 0.039) or the kidney-yang deficiency group (13.05 ± 2.17 U/ml) (P =0.049). CONCLUSIONS: ED patients with different types of kidney deficiency syndromes have different blood biochemical indexes, which may help clarify the biological basis of the TCM syndromes of kidney deficiency in ED patients.
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Disfunción Eréctil/sangre , Deficiencia Yang , Deficiencia Yin , Biomarcadores/sangre , Disfunción Eréctil/diagnóstico , Humanos , Riñón/fisiopatología , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional ChinaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors influencing the recovery from childhood inguinal herniorrhaphy (IH)-induced vas deferens obstruction following microscopic vasovasostomy. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 41 cases of microscopic vasovasostomy for obstructive azoospermia in our hospital from July 2015 to September 2018. All the patients had a history of inguinal hernia treated by IH in the childhood. We performed scrotal ultrasonography, semen analysis and seminal plasma biochemistry to confirm vas deferens obstruction preoperatively. If sperm was observed for ≥2 times in semen examination after vasovasostomy, we considered the vas deferens successfully unobstructed. RESULTS: Microscopic vasovasostomy was successfully completed in 39 of the cases, of which2 were lost to follow-up, with a follow-up rate of 94.8% (37/39). The patients, at the mean age of (25.54 ± 2.85) years and with body mass index (BMI) of (24.92 ± 2.79) kg/m2 and post-IH time of (18.97 ± 2.58) years, were followed up for (13.05 ± 3.74) months. Successful recovery from vas deferens obstruction was observed in 78.4% (29/37) of the patients after IH, 80.0% (16/20) in the < 26-year-olds, 76.5% (13/17) in the ≥26-year-olds (P = 0.795), 75.0% (12/16) in those with BMI < 24.92 kg/m2 , 81.0% (17/21) in those with BMI ≥24.92 kg/m2 (P = 0.807), 78.6% (11/14) in those with post-IH time of < 19 years, 18.3% (18/23) in those with post-IH time of ≥19 years (P = 0.982), 60.0% (12/20) in those with sperm and 82.4% (14/17) in those without sperm found intraoperatively (P = 0.428), 42.9% (3/7) in those treated by unilateral and 82.4% (26/30) in those by bilateral vasovasostomy (P = 0.027). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a close correlation between the operation side and postoperative recovery from vas deferens obstruction (P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: For male patients undergoing microscopic vasovasostomy for childhood IH-induced vas deferens obstruction, the operation side is an independent factor influencing postoperative recovery, while age, BMI, post-IH time, and intraoperative presence or absence of sperm are not significantly correlated with it.
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Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/cirugía , Hernia Inguinal/complicaciones , Conducto Deferente/cirugía , Vasovasostomía , Adulto , Niño , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/etiología , Herniorrafia , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Conducto Deferente/fisiopatología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) was found in some patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and accompanied with poor outcomes. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of AKI with clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: In this cohort study, we reviewed electronic medical data from patients with COVID-19 in Shenzhen from January 11 to February 19, 2020. Clinical features and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with and without AKI were analyzed. Further, we evaluated the association between AKI development and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: In this study, 9.6% patients developed AKI during hospitalization. Those with AKI presented older age, severer pneumonia, more comorbidity and lower lymphocyte count. Totally, more patients (77.5%) had primary composite outcomes (intensive care unit (ICU) admission, use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and mechanical ventilation) in AKI group compared to non-AKI group (2.9%) during the observation period. The median length of stay (LOS) and ICU stay were longer among those with AKI. After adjusted for related covariates, AKI development was independently correlated with LOS (ß (95% CI): 9.16 (3.87-14.46)), rather than primary outcomes (HR (95% CI): 1.34 (0.56-3.21)) in COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: The development of AKI was not one of the reasons for ICU admission, use of HFNC and mechanical ventilation, but a kind of manifestation of severe illness in COVID-19 hospitalized patients.
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Ghost imaging (GI) is an imaging technique that uses the correlation between two light beams to reconstruct the image of an object. Conventional GI algorithms require large memory space to store the measured data and perform complicated offline calculations, limiting practical applications of GI. Here we develop an instant ghost imaging (IGI) technique with a differential algorithm and an implemented high-speed on-chip IGI hardware system. This algorithm uses the signal between consecutive temporal measurements to reduce the memory requirements without degradation of image quality compared with conventional GI algorithms. The on-chip IGI system can immediately reconstruct the image once the measurement finishes; there is no need to rely on post-processing or offline reconstruction. This system can be developed into a realtime imaging system. These features make IGI a faster, cheaper, and more compact alternative to a conventional GI system and make it viable for practical applications of GI.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between male libido and the levels of serum reproductive hormones. METHODS: We collected the clinical data on 134 men complaining of low or decreased sexual desire at our clinic of andrology from January 2013 to July 2018. According to the scores on the 13-item Self-Rating Libido Scale for Males (SRLS-M), we divided the subjects into a low libido (n = 68) and a normal libido group (n = 66), none with thyroid and adrenal diseases, liver and kidney diseases, or administration of drugs affecting sexual function and reproductive hormones in the past two weeks. We compared the age, history and course of disease, SRLS-M scores, levels of serum T, E2, LH, FSH and PRL, and T/E2 ratio between the two groups, and analyzed the correlation of the parameters obtained with the SRLS-M scores of the patients by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: Compared with the males of the normal libido group, the low-libido patients showed a significantly longer course of disease (ï¼»1.83 ± 0.44ï¼½ vs ï¼»2.91 ± 0.08ï¼½ yr, P < 0.05), but lower SRLS-M score (31.47 ± 1.28 vs 19.56 ± 0.89, P < 0.01), T level (ï¼»17.51 ± 3.68ï¼½ vs ï¼»11.46 ± 1.62ï¼½ nmol/L, P < 0.01) and T/E2 ratio (17.27 ± 3.94 vs 12.42 ± 1.38, P < 0.01). No statistically significant differences were found between the normal and low libido groups in age (ï¼»32.22 ± 2.29ï¼½ vs ï¼»31.98 ± 2.19ï¼½ yr) or the levels of E2 (ï¼»103.97 ± 15.70ï¼½ vs ï¼»94.45 ± 10.37ï¼½ pmol/L), FSH (ï¼»9.98 ± 5.26ï¼½ vs ï¼»7.43 ± 3.84ï¼½ IU/L), LH (ï¼»5.70 ± 3.17ï¼½ vs ï¼»5.20 ± 3.37ï¼½ IU/L), or PRL (ï¼»281.96 ± 82.68ï¼½ vs ï¼»371.85 ± 243.38ï¼½ mIU/L). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the SRLS-M scores of the patients in the normal and low libido groups were positively correlated with the T level (r = 0.329 and 0.535, P<0.01) and T/E2 ratio (r = 0.542 and 0.603, P<0.01), and so was the T level with E2 (r = 0.743 and 0.644, P<0.01) and T/E2 (r = 0.387 and 0.618, P<0.01). The areas under the ROC curves for T, E2 and T/E2 were 0.660, 0.527 and 0.669, respectively. A T/E2 ratio of 12.15ï¼15.73 exhibited a relatively high sensitivity (>0.5) and specificity (>0.5) in the diagnosis of low libido. CONCLUSIONS: The T level and T/E2 ratio are important factors, and E2 may also be a factor, influencing male libido, which, however, is more correlated with T/E2. A T/E2 ratio of 12.15ï¼15.73 may be an indicator of normal libido, while a lower or higher T/E2 ratio may suggests low libido.
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Estradiol/sangre , Hormona Folículo Estimulante/sangre , Libido , Hormona Luteinizante/sangre , Testosterona/sangre , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of regular oral use of sildenafil in the treatment of ED. METHODS: We randomly divided 334 ED patients into three groups to be treated orally with sildenafil tablets at 50 mg qd (sildenafil regular), sildenafil tablets at 100 mg 30 minutes before intercourse (sildenafil on-demand), and tadalafil tablets at 10 mg qd (tadalafil regular), all for 3 months. Then we recorded the IIEF-5 score and penile erection hardness score (EHS) and adverse reactions and compared them among the three groups of patients. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups of patients in age, body mass index, education, ED duration, or baseline IIEF-5 and EHS (P > 0.05). After 3-month medication, both IIEF-5 score and EHS were significantly improved in the three groups of patients as compared with the baseline (P < 0.05), with no statistically significant difference in the IIEF-5 score among the sildenafil regular, sildenafil on-demand and tadalafil regular groups (15.15 ± 2.05 vs 15.55 ± 2.36 vs 15.54 ± 2.27, P > 0.05), but the EHS markedly higher in the sildenafil on-demand than in the sildenafil regular group (3.48 ± 1.80 vs 3.12 ± 1.52, P < 0.05). The effectiveness rates in the sildenafil regular, sildenafil on-demand and tadalafil regular groups were 76.2%, 62.4% and 80.8%, respectively, significantly lower in the sildenafil on-demand than in the other two groups (P < 0.05). Adverse reactions were mild and showed no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate among the three groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Regular use of sildenafil has a therapeutic effect similar to that of tadalafil but better than that of sildenafil on-demand, without more adverse effects.
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Disfunción Eréctil/tratamiento farmacológico , Citrato de Sildenafil/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Erección Peniana/efectos de los fármacos , Comprimidos , Tadalafilo/uso terapéutico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Icariside II (ICA II) is used in erectile dysfunction treatment. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are efficient at improving erectile function. This study aimed to explore the action mechanism of ADSCs in improving erectile function. ADSCs were isolated from the adipose tissues of rats. Cell proliferation was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The expressions of mRNA and protein were determined separately through qRT-PCR and western blot. The endogenous expressions of related genes were regulated using recombinant plasmids and cell transfection. A Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay was performed to determine the interaction between miR-34a and STAT3. Rat models with bilateral cavernous nerve injuries (BCNIs) were used to assess erectile function through the detection of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and intracavernosal pressure (ICP). ICA II promoted ADSCs' proliferation and differentiation to Schwann cells (SCs) through the inhibition of miR-34a. Suppressed miR-34a promoted the differentiation of ADSCs to SCs by upregulating STAT3. ICA II promoted the differentiation of ADSCs to SCs through the miR-34a/STAT3 pathway. The combination of ICA II and ADSCs preserved the erectile function of the BCNI model rats. ADSCs treated with ICA II markedly preserved the erectile function of the BCNI model rats, which was reversed through miR-34a overexpression. ICA II promotes the differentiation of ADSCs to SCs through the miR-34a/STAT3 pathway, contributing to erectile function preservation after the occurrence of a cavernous nerve injury.
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Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Disfunción Eréctil/etiología , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Hemangioma Cavernoso del Sistema Nervioso Central/complicaciones , Tejido Adiposo/citología , Adulto , Diferenciación Celular , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Flavonoides/farmacología , Humanos , Masculino , Células de Schwann , TransfecciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Bilateral adrenalectomy or unilateral adrenalectomy and contralateral partial adrenalectomy are indicated for the treatment of ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. Independent of the surgical procedure, the prognosis is poor. This article discusses a new treatment method and its efficacy for treating nodular adrenal hyperplasia. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of 12 patients operated on between January 2008 and October 2014 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. All patients were treated by laparoscopic subcutaneous transposition of a pedicled adrenal. We performed postoperative monitoring of patients, including clinical symptoms and 24-hour levels of serum-free and urinary-free cortisol. RESULTS: All 12 patients were pathologically confirmed to have nodular adrenal hyperplasia and were followed for an average of 45.5 months (range 24-60 months). The clinical symptoms of all patients disappeared, and the 24-hour plasma-free cortisol and urinary-free cortisol levels were within the normal range. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic subcutaneous transposition of a pedicled adrenal is a new and effective method for treating bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia and can achieve long-term remission of Cushing's syndrome.
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Adrenalectomía/métodos , Síndrome de Cushing/cirugía , Laparoscopía/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Síndrome de Cushing/complicaciones , Síndrome de Cushing/metabolismo , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangre , Hidrocortisona/orina , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Objective: To explore the treatment of vesiculitis with hemospermia by transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy. Methods: We treated 64 cases of vesiculitis with hemospermia by transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy. During the operation,we removed the stones and inflammatory substances and collected seminal vesicle fluid to be cultured for bacteria,ureaplasma urealyticum(UU),chlamydia trachomatis(CT),and mycoplasma hominis(MH),followed by infusion of levofloxacin at 0. 3 g/100 ml into the seminal vesicle. Regular follow-up was conducted post-operatively. Results: All the operations were successfully accomplished, the operation time averaging(40 ± 15) min(25- 50 min). The ejaculatory duct opening was observed on the verumontanum surface in the posterior urethra in 2 cases, abnormal passages found in the prostatic utricle in 8 cases, and seminal vesicle fenestration from the prostatic utricle conducted in the other 54 cases(32 by seminal vesiculoscopy and 22 with holmium laser). Stones were seen in the prostatic utricle in 5 cases, in the seminal vesicle in 6 cases, and in both the prostatic utricle and seminal vesicle in 2 cases. Culture of the seminal vesicle fluid showed the acinetobacter to be positive in 1 case and UU, CT, and MH to be negative. At 3 months after surgery, hemospermia was cured in 52 cases, relieved in 8,and unimproved in 4. Conclusion: Seminal vesicle fenestration drainage by transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy for the treatment of vesiculitis with hemospermia has the advantages of short operation time, high effectiveness and no obvious complications and can also be employed for the examination of the seminal vesicle as well as removal of stones and inflammatory substances.
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Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/cirugía , Hematospermia/cirugía , Inflamación/cirugía , Vesículas Seminales/cirugía , Líquidos Corporales , Cálculos , Chlamydia trachomatis , Drenaje , Conductos Eyaculadores , Humanos , Láseres de Estado Sólido , Levofloxacino , Masculino , Tempo Operativo , Periodo Posoperatorio , Próstata , UretraRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To report our techniques and experience of laparoscopic extravascular stent placement for nutcracker syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included 13 nutcracker syndrome patients who were treated by laparoscopic extravascular stent placement from June 2009 to August 2013. Clinical and surgical data and short-term outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The average duration of the operation was 72 minutes and the average blood loss was 30 mL. The average postoperative length of stay was 6 days. Retroperitoneal hematoma was relieved by conservative therapy in one patient. The postoperative computed tomography showed that the blood outflow of the left renal vein was smooth and the inner diameter was also decreased. The gonadal vein varices diminished in diameter in four patients. The follow-up was 8-52 months (mean 32.6); symptoms resolved in 10 patients and improved in 2 patients. One patient developed recurrent gross hematuria because of migration of the extravascular stent. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic extravascular stent placement appears feasible and safe and it is a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery.
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Laparoscopía/métodos , Síndrome de Cascanueces Renal/cirugía , Stents , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Hematuria/etiología , Humanos , Laparoscopía/efectos adversos , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Arteria Mesentérica Superior/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tempo Operativo , Periodo Posoperatorio , Venas Renales/diagnóstico por imagen , Venas Renales/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/efectos adversos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Metastasis in lung cancer portends a poor prognosis, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer cells is considered a prerequisite to achieve metastatic potential. Recent studies indicate that BTB/POZ domain-containing protein 7 (BTBD7) regulates EMT-associated proteins in human malignancies and however, the role of BTBD7 in lung cancer have not been identified. In present study, we examined BTBD7 expression status and its association with unfavorable clinical features in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Firstly, we studied the fresh specimens, and found that both mRNA and protein expression levels of BTBD7 in NSCLC tissue were significantly increased compared with the adjacent nontumorous lung tissue. Then, we determined BTBD7 protein expressions in the paraffin-embedded samples from NSCLC patients, and analyzed the relations of BTBD7 expression with clinicopathologic features of the patients. The results showed that incidence of metastasis in patients with positive BTBD7 expression was significantly higher than that in those with negative BTBD7 expression, and the positive BTBD7 expression rate in metastatic cases was significantly higher than that in non-metastatic ones; furthermore, Cox regression analyses revealed that BTBD7 was an independent risk factor for either metastasis or survival in NSCLC patients. Thus, we conclude that BTBD7 contributes to metastasis of NSCLC and BTBD7-positive NSCLC may have a high potential for metastasis and thereby a poor prognosis.
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BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: We previously reported on a plastic stent that was coated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium cholate, which dissolved common bile duct (CBD) stones ex vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of such stents on biliary stones in a live porcine model. METHODS: Stents without coating or with degradable membranes containing 0â% or 50â% EDTA and sodium cholate were inserted together with human CBD stones into the porcine CBD. Serum laboratory variables, histological examinations of the bile duct, and the weight change in stones were compared during and after stent placement for 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 16 pigs were included (5 no coating, 5 0â% coating, 6 50â% coating). Biliary stones showed decreased weight in all groups; however, stones in the group with 50â% coated stents showed a greater reduction in weight compared with the no coating and the 0â% coating groups (269â±â66âmg vs. 179â±â51âmg [Pâ=â0.09]; 269â±â66âmg vs. 156â±â26âmg [Pâ=â0.01], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The plastic stent coated with 50â% agent enhanced CBD stone dissolution in vivo and may be a promising tool for patients with difficult biliary stones.
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Quelantes del Calcio/administración & dosificación , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos , Ácido Edético/administración & dosificación , Cálculos Biliares/terapia , Colato de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Amilasas/sangre , Animales , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Colangiografía , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos/efectos adversos , Cálculos Biliares/sangre , Cálculos Biliares/diagnóstico por imagen , Recuento de Leucocitos , Plásticos , PorcinosRESUMEN
AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To compare carotid and lower limb atherosclerotic lesions, and examine if carotid atherosclerotic lesions are in line with lower limb atherosclerotic lesions, and can reflect generalized atherosclerosis in inpatients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an observational study carried out in 867 Chinese inpatients with type 2 diabetes, including 573 previously known and 294 newly diagnosed patients. Ultrasonographic assessments of intima-media thickness (IMT), plaques, and stenosis in the carotid and lower limb arteries were evaluated. Atherosclerotic lesions between the carotid and lower limb arteries were compared in both previously known and newly diagnosed diabetes, respectively. RESULTS: In both the known (77.3% vs 49.4%, P < 0.001) and the newly diagnosed diabetes (55.4% vs 29.9%, P < 0.001), the prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques was significantly higher in the lower limb arteries than in the carotid arteries. Likewise, the prevalence of stenosis was also significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the lower limb arteries (16.9%) than in the carotid arteries (4.2%) in the established diabetes patients. However, there was no significant difference in the mean IMT between common carotid and common femoral arteries in both the previously known (0.90 ± 0.24 mm vs 0.89 ± 0.20 mm, P = 0.675) and the newly diagnosed diabetes patients (0.86 ± 0.22 mm vs 0.85 ± 0.16 mm, P = 0.436). CONCLUSIONS: Carotid plaques might underestimate generalized plaques in inpatients with type 2 diabetes, as shown by its significantly lower prevalence compared with that of the lower extremity arteries. A combined carotid and lower limb ultrasound examination can improve the detection of atherosclerotic lesions in inpatients with type 2 diabetes.
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The gene approach to the pathogenesis of male infertility may bring about some strategies for the diagnosis and manage of the condition. Gene knockout technology is the mainstream method currently used in the study of gene function. Screening and identification of testis-specific genes and insights into their features and functions in spermatogenesis are significant for a further understanding of testicular functions and searching for new therapeutic targets for male reproductive disorders. This review focuses on the application of gene knockout technology in the study of spermatogenesis-associated genes.
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Técnicas de Inactivación de Genes , Infertilidad Masculina/genética , Espermatogénesis/genética , Animales , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Temporary plastic stent insertion has been considered a safe and effective bridge therapy for difficult common bile duct (CBD) stones. Infusing chemicals to directly dissolve stones through the bile duct might also be effective. However, there are no studies on the efficacy of the combination of these 2 approaches. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of a novel ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium cholate-eluting plastic stent on biliary stones. DESIGN: Ex vivo model by using different doses of active ingredient. SETTING AND INTERVENTIONS: An ex vivo bile duct model perfused with porcine bile was created. Stents coated with degradable membranes containing various concentrations of EDTA and sodium cholate were placed in the model with CBD stones. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The change in the weight of stents and stones was measured every week during perfusion until the coated membranes were completely biodegraded. RESULTS: The time that the stents required to be fully degraded and the efficiency of stone dissolution were positively correlated with the percentage of EDTA and sodium cholate in the stent membrane. However, the 50% EDTA and sodium cholate stents achieved the greatest percentage of stone weight loss when the drugs were completely released. LIMITATIONS: Ex vivo study. CONCLUSIONS: The EDTA and sodium cholate-eluting plastic stent effectively dissolved CBD stones and has prospect in the therapy for patients with difficult CBD stones.
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Quelantes/administración & dosificación , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos , Ácido Edético/administración & dosificación , Cálculos Biliares/terapia , Colato de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Animales , Bilis , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Plásticos , PorcinosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of claudin-11, a tight junction component of Sertoli cells, in spermatogenic dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in mice exposed to local radiation. METHODS: We randomly allocated 48 male Kunming mice to a blank control group (A) and three radiation groups (B, C and D) of equal number, the latter three exposed to local radiation of the lower abdomen with 2 Gy, 6 Gy and 10 Gy of 60Co-gamma-ray, respectively, to induce oxidative stress. Four weeks later, we killed the animals, obtained their body and testis weights, observed the histological changes of the testis by HE staining, measured the levels of serum FSH, testosterone and LH by ELISA, and determined the mRNA levels of claudin-11 and inhibin beta B in Sertoli cells by real time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: After exposure to 60Co-gamma-ray radiation, the testis weights were (129.4 +/- 10.81), (87.5 +/- 16.83) and (56.1 +/- 12.36) mg in groups B, C and D, significantly decreased as compared with (182.9 +/- 8.43) mg in group A (P < 0.05); the testis indexes were (3.39 +/- 0.57), (2.46 +/- 0.46) and (1.63 +/- 0.44) mg/g in groups B, C and D, remarkably lower than (4.28 +/- 0.31) mg/g in group A (P < 0.01). Histological analysis revealed obviously decreased diameters of seminiferous tubules, reduced seminiferous epithelia and disarranged spermatogenic cells in the three radiation groups. The tubule differentiation indexes (TDI) were markedly lower in groups B, C and D than in A (P < 0.01). The levels of serum FSH were (6.74 +/- 1.95), (8.41 +/- 2.44) and (10.93 +/- 3.16) IU/L in groups B, C and D, 1.9 times higher in D than in A. With increased dose of radiation, the mRNA levels of inhibin beta in the testis tissue were descended, while the transcription levels of claudin-11 elevated, significantly higher in groups C and D than in A (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Local radiation-induced testicular oxidative stress can decrease the mRNA level of inhibin beta , increase serum FSH, damage Sertoli cells and elevate the expression of claudin-11 in the testis tissue. Increased claudin-11 and serum FSH may delay the cyclical restitution of hemo-testicular barrier and reduce the number of meiotic spermatocytes in the seminiferous epithelium, which consequently leads to male infertility.