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Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a debilitating chronic neuroimmunologic skin condition due to the intense pruritus and difficult to treat. The pruritogenic cytokines, particularly IL-4, IL-13, IL-22, IL-31, and oncostatin M (OSM), play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PN, potentially involving the JAK1-STAT pathway. An oral JAK1 inhibitor, abrocitinib, is presently undergoing Phase 2 trials for the treatment of PN. We evaluated the efficacy of abrocitinib at a daily dosage of 100 mg in treating two patients with PN affecting both lower limbs: a 50-year-old male with a 16-year disease history and a 38-year-old female with over three years of disease history, both of whom had failed to respond to multiple conventional treatments. Both patients responded rapidly after one week of treatment and exhibited a marked improvement. Following eight weeks of therapy, near-complete resolution of both pruritus and lesions was achieved, and no adverse effects were reported. Additionally, there were no reported side effects during the initial four months of continued treatment. Abrocitinib is an effective targeted therapy for PN, offering a promising new option for refractory patients.
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Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitor abrocitinib in patients with localized granuloma annulare (GA) and to review the available cases documented in English.Methods: We presented a patient who had a persistent, localized granuloma anulare (GA) for one year and did not respond to traditional therapies. This patient was treated with oral abrocitinib at a dosage of 150 mg daily.Results: After 6 weeks of treatment with abrocitinib, the patient exhibited notable symptom improvement with no new lesions. No adverse events or recurrences were reported during the 5-month follow-up period.Conclusions: Abrocitinib may be a promising and safe treatment option for patients with localized GA who do not respond to traditional therapies.
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Granuloma Anular , Inhibidores de las Cinasas Janus , Humanos , Granuloma Anular/tratamiento farmacológico , Granuloma Anular/patología , Pirimidinas/uso terapéutico , Sulfonamidas/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de las Cinasas Janus/uso terapéutico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A highly efficient phosphor with exceptional luminescence properties is crucial for achieving high-quality solid-state white-light illumination. Here, this paper presents a groundbreaking discovery, an innovative blue-violet emitting Ba1.31Sr3.69(BO3)3Cl:Ce3+ (BSBCl:Ce3+) phosphor designed with remarkable thermal stability and quantum efficiency for full spectrum white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). By employing a high-temperature solid-phase method, we synthesized various BSBCl:xCe3+ phosphors with different Ce3+ doping concentrations. Remarkably, BSBCl:0.03Ce3+ displays a broad excitation band from 250 nm to 400 nm, rendering it compatible with commercial near-ultraviolet (UV) LED chips. Under 330 nm excitation, this phosphor emits blue light with an astonishing 88.2% internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and an impressive 60.9% external quantum efficiency (EQE). Notably, when employed in the temperature range of 298-473 K, the synthesized BSBCl:0.03Ce3+ phosphor exhibits exceptional color stability and thermal stability (I423 K/I298 K = 83%). Utilizing BSBCl:0.03Ce3+ as the blue-violet emitting component in the fabrication of WLED devices has demonstrated significant advancements in the color rendering index. These findings underscore the potential of BSBCl:Ce3+ phosphors for a wide range of applications in health-oriented indoor illumination.
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Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are increasingly being used in dermatology due to their broad potential in managing both local and systemic inflammation. More recently, abrocitinib, an oral JAK 1 inhibitor, has shown promising clinical efficacy in the treatment of various skin disorders beyond moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). We firstly presented three cases, each with diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), livedoid vasculopathy (LV), or hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and conducted a comprehensive scoping review of the available literature on the use of abrocitinib in the treatment of diverse skin disorders. We summarized a total of 16 skin disorders, including our cases. The results indicated that abrocitinib, whether used as monotherapy or in combination with other treatments, was effective and well-tolerated in these disorders. These findings expanded the range of diseases for which abrocitinib may serve as an alternative therapeutic choice.
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There is strong demand for ultraefficient near-infrared (NIR) phosphors with adjustable emission properties for next-generation intelligent NIR light sources. Designing phosphors with large full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) variations is challenging. In this study, novel near-ultraviolet light-emitting diode (LED)-excited NIR phosphors, MgAlGa0.7 B0.3 O4 :Cr3+ (MAGBO:Cr3+ ), with three emission centers achieve ultra-narrowband (FWHM = 29 nm) to ultra-broadband (FWHM = 260 nm) emission with increasing Cr3+ concentration. Gaussian fitting and decay time analysis reveal the alteration in the FWHM, which is attributed to the energy transfer occurring between the three emission centers. The distinct thermal quenching behaviors of the three emission centers are revealed through the temperature-dependent decay times. The ultra-broadband NIR phosphor MAGBO:0.05Cr3+ exhibits high thermal stability (85%, 425 K) and exceptional external quantum efficiency of 68.5%. An NIR phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) is fabricated using MAGBO:0.05Cr3+ phosphor, exhibiting a remarkable NIR output power of 136 mW at 600 mA in ultra-broadband NIR pc-LEDs. This study describes the preparation of highly efficient phosphors and provides a further understanding of the tunable FWHM, which is vital for high-performance NIR phosphors with versatile applications.
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BACKGROUND: Data on nail psoriasis (PsO) in China are scarce. OBJECTIVES: To provide nail PsO-related data regarding epidemiologic characteristics, manifestations, fungal infections, arthritic complaints and treatments that may facilitate improved patient management globally. METHODS: From August 2021 to August 2022, patients with nail PsO were enrolled in a prospective multicentre observational study at 25 hospitals in China. We collected and analysed data concerning nail PsO demography, clinical signs, fungal detection, arthritic symptoms and treatment. RESULTS: A total of 817 patients with nail PsO were involved, with a mean body mass index of 24.13 ± 2.93. In addition, 71.41% of the patients were male. The Nail PsO Severity Index score was weakly positively correlated with body surface area. The percentage of nail involvement was 95.29% for fingernails and 57.18% for toenails, with pitting (67.11%) and subungual hyperkeratosis (60.40%) being the most prevalent manifestations, respectively. Toenails showed a significantly higher frequency of nailfold scales, subungual hyperkeratosis and nail plate crumbling and a lower frequency of splinter haemorrhages, pitting and erythema of the lunula. A total of 13.26% of the PsO patients had onychomycosis, and 77.08% were observed in the toenails. Articular symptoms were reported by 12.17% of the patients, with the peripheral type being predominant. Significant associations between articular symptoms and nailfold swelling, subungual hyperkeratosis, nailfold scales, onycholysis and longitudinal ridges were found. Only 2.30% (20 out of 871) of patients with nail PsO received treatment. The most frequently employed therapy for cutaneous PsO with nail involvement was biologic therapy (n = 366). CONCLUSIONS: PsO showed distinct manifestations in the toenails and fingernails. Additionally, toenail PsO combined with onychomycosis requires special attention. Articular symptoms in psoriatic patients are associated with specific nail changes. It is important to research and advocate for more potent treatments for nail PsO.
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Enfermedades de la Uña , Onicomicosis , Psoriasis , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Onicomicosis/diagnóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Enfermedades de la Uña/diagnóstico , Psoriasis/epidemiología , Psoriasis/terapia , Psoriasis/complicaciones , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The increasing antibiotic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is an urgent need to explore new and effective drugs. The antibacterial activities of spectinomycin and sanguinarine against 117 clinical NG isolates and time-kill curve of sanguinarine were evaluated. Almost all isolates were resistant to penicillin (91.5%) and ciprofloxacin (96.5%), 8.5% showed resistance to azithromycin, 10.3% and 10.3% had decreased susceptibility/resistance to ceftriaxone and cefixime, respectively, whereas 100% were susceptible to spectinomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges, MIC50, MIC90 and MICmean values of sanguinarine were 2-64 µg/ml, 16 µg/ml, 32 µg/ml and 16.9 µg/ml, respectively, and time-kill curve showed killing of bacteria in a dose-dependent manner during the assay time of 6h, very similar to spectinomycin. Sanguinarine has great potential as an effective and novel anti-NG agent.
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Gonorrea , Espectinomicina , Humanos , Espectinomicina/farmacología , Espectinomicina/uso terapéutico , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Gonorrea/tratamiento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Azitromicina/uso terapéutico , Ceftriaxona/uso terapéutico , Ciprofloxacina/farmacología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Farmacorresistencia BacterianaRESUMEN
Recent metabolic studies have indicated that several metabolites in blood and urine of psoriasis functionally involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, but the skin metabonomics research of psoriasis is limited. We aimed to investigate the metabolic profiling of lesional and nonlesional skin and screen out potential biomarkers for psoriasis. We performed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based nontargeted metabolomic analysis to compare metabolic profile between lesional and nonlesional skin from 12 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. A total of 3463 metabolites were detected, of which 769 (346 named and 423 unnamed) in positive ion mode and 179 (80 named and 99 unnamed) in negative ion mode were significantly different between lesional and nonlesional skin. These different metabolites were mainly derived from amino acid, lipid and nucleotide metabolism, and involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis regulation. Fourteen metabolites (10 upregulated and 4 downregulated) were identified as the most potentially significant biomarkers. Interestingly, seven of them were positively (l-gamma-glutamyl-l-leucine, 2-methylcitric acid, l-palmitoylcarnitine, inosine, eicosapentaenoic acid and 13-hydroxy-octadecaenoic acid) or negatively (l-serine) correlated with disease severity. Significant differences of metabolic characteristics were found between lesional and nonlesional skin, which may contribute to assess the severity of psoriasis and therapeutic responses.
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Psoriasis , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Humanos , Cromatografía Liquida , Psoriasis/metabolismo , Metabolómica/métodos , BiomarcadoresRESUMEN
Vitiligo can cause serious damage to the appearance of patients and affect physical and mental health, but there is currently no simple and effective treatment. According to the theory of autoimmune disorder, the separable hydrogel microneedles delivering alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and tofacitinib were designed to treat vitiligo. This hydrogel microneedles were formed by dextran methacrylate (DexMA) and cyclodextrin-adamantane based host-guest supramolecules (HGSM) through CC double bond polymerization and host-guest assembly. The microneedle tips formed by the double cross-linked hydrogel can pierce the stratum corneum and deliver melanocyte protector α-MSH and JAK inhibitor tofacitinib directly to the epidermis and dermis. Under the treatment of α-MSH/tofacitinib microneedles, massive deposition of melanin in epidermis and hair follicles significantly accelerated skin and hair pigmentation.
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Vitíligo , alfa-MSH , Humanos , alfa-MSH/farmacología , Vitíligo/tratamiento farmacológico , Dextranos , Hidrogeles , MelanocitosRESUMEN
This paper investigates the role of forests in the life expectancy of people in Ghana. We test whether the extinction of forests will inevitably lead to extinction of people in Ghana. We first examined the causal relationship between life expectancy and deforestation using the full sample bootstrap Granger causality test approach and find causality to run from deforestation to life expectancy with no feedback from life expectancy to deforestation. Testing for parameter stability, the parameters of the VAR model were found to be unstable in the short and long run. Consequently, the bootstrap rolling-window Granger causality test, a time-varying approach was then employed to examine the true nature of the causal relationship that exists between life expectancy and deforestation. The results showed that deforestation has a negative effect on life expectancy, confirming the widely accepted saying that the health of forests is inextricably linked to the health of mankind. The empirical results further show that, on trend higher life expectancy increases the rate of deforestation in Ghana. Highlighting the importance of the role of forests in influencing life expectancy in Ghana, we recommend awareness creation on the role of forests in supporting human life and also extensive afforestation programs to reduce the rate of deforestation in Ghana. This, we believe, will reduce the spread of vector borne diseases such as malaria and reduce the surge in respiratory diseases which shorten the life span of Ghanaians.
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Bosques , Árboles , Humanos , Ghana , Esperanza de Vida , Longevidad , Conservación de los Recursos NaturalesRESUMEN
Although secukinumab has demonstrated high efficacy and favorable safety in moderate-to-severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, patients developing adverse events of special interest (AESI) were reported increasingly in real-world practice. A systematic literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify clinical studies or case reports on secukinumab-induced AESI. More than 1077 patients (aged 18-74 years) from 55 studies were reported to have 24 AESI 3 days to 96 weeks after secukinumab treatment. The four most common AESI was inflammatory bowel disease (n > 1000), eczematous drug eruption (n > 30), drug-associated vasculitis (n = 8), and drug-induced lupus erythematosus (n = 4). Most of these AESI were only mild to moderately severe and resolved after secukinumab discontinuation without or with symptomatic treatment. Secukinumab has the potential to develop a number of AESI by probably dysregulating the different expression of polar T-cell axes (Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22, and/or Treg) and driving various cytokines in some patients. Physicians should be aware of these AESI for timely diagnosis and proper treatment.
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Artritis Psoriásica , Psoriasis , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/efectos adversos , Artritis Psoriásica/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Psoriasis/inducido químicamente , Psoriasis/diagnóstico , Psoriasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
For inorganic luminescent materials with activators, the energy yield is usually observed to decrease with an increase in activator concentration, which is known as the concentration quenching effect. To inhibit this phenomenon, a common strategy is to increase the distance between activators. Most previous reports have focused on the three-dimensional crystal lattice, and there have been few reports about two-dimensional layered structure. Herein, we synthesized a novel Cr3+-activated near-infrared (NIR) phosphor Li2Sr2Al(PO4)3 (LSAPO) with layered structure, and in such a two-dimensional structure, we proved experimentally that the concentration quenching was suppressed. Under 460 nm excitation, LSAPO:Cr3+ gave a broad NIR emission band (700-1200 nm) centered at 823 nm with a full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of 178 nm and a broad absorption band, indicating its potential application in NIR spectroscopy. Moreover, by codoping Cr3+ and Yb3+ ions, we further widened the emission bandwidth to â¼230 nm of fwhm, the internal quantum efficiency increased from 54% to 61%, and the thermal stability was improved. The fabricated NIR device with a LSAPO:Cr3+,Yb3+ phosphor coupled with blue chips can be applied in night-vision technologies and medical fields.
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Psoriasis , Estilbenos , Niño , Emolientes , Femenino , Humanos , Psoriasis/diagnóstico , Psoriasis/tratamiento farmacológico , ResorcinolesRESUMEN
The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria represents a significant and common clinical problem worldwide as infections are becoming increasingly common. It is urgent to broaden the sources of biomaterials that can prevent both bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance. In this work, oxidized sodium alginate/aminated hyaluronic acid (OSA/AHA) hydrogel with various proportions was developed based on Schiff base reaction. Herein, polydopamine (PDA)-Bmkn2 nanoparticle and sanguinarine were incorporated into hydrogels to enhance antibacterial properties. The prepared PDA-Bmkn2 nanoparticles, with uniform particle size and good dispersion, could serve as a delivery system for Bmkn2. The prepared hydrogels showed appropriate swelling ratio, extremely good mechanical strengths and improved biodegradability. Meanwhile, the Bmkn2 and sanguinarine were released from the hydrogels in a sustainable manner. Furthermore, OSA/AHA/sanguinarine/PDA-Bmkn2 hydrogel (less than 10 µg/mL BmKn2 and 0.2 µg/mL sanguinarine) had excellent biocompatibility. Antibacterial experiments confirmed that OSA/AHA/sanguinarine/PDA-Bmkn2 hydrogel had effective antimicrobial activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the prepared injectable hydrogels with good biocompatibility and excellent synergistic antibacterial activity promise great potential for preventing localized bacterial infections.
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Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease commonly associated with postinflammatory hyper- and hypo-pigmentation. Psoriasis-related cytokines such as IL-17 and TNF can contribute to these pigmentation changes by regulating both the growth and pigment production of melanocytes. Here, we present the first reported the case of a patient with a 10-year history of severe psoriasis vulgaris, who developed multiple lentigines in areas of resolved psoriatic plaques during anti-IL-17A antibody secukinumab.
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Lentigo , Trastornos de la Pigmentación , Psoriasis , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Humanos , Psoriasis/inducido químicamente , Psoriasis/diagnóstico , Psoriasis/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Background: Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibit phenotypic variability in ethnicity and IgE status. In addition, some patients develop other allergic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis (AR), in subsequent life. Understanding the heterogeneity of AD would be beneficial to phenotype-specific therapies. Methods: Twenty-eight Chinese AD patients and 8 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was conducted on lesional and nonlesional skin samples from 10 AD patients and matched normal skin samples from 5 healthy volunteers. Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), KEGG pathway analyses, and sample cluster analyses were conducted in the R software environment using the DEseq2, ClusterProfiler, and pheatmap R packages, respectively. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA were used to detect gene expression levels among subtypes. Correlation analysis was performed to further investigate their correlation with disease severity. Results: A total of 25,798 genes were detected per sample. Subgroup differential expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis revealed significant changes in the IL17 signaling pathway in Chinese EAD patients but not in IAD patients. DEGs enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and gland secretion were considered to be associated with atopic march. Further investigations confirmed a marked IL17A upregulation in Chinese EAD with a positive relationship with total IgE level and AD severity. In addition, increased IL17A in AD patients with AR demonstrated a closer association with AR severity than IL4R. Moreover, AQP5 and CFTR were decreased in the lesions of AD patients with AR. The CFTR mRNA expression level was negatively associated with the skin IL17A level and AR severity. Conclusion: Our research characterized marked Th17 activation in Chinese EAD patients, and altered expression of IL17A, IL4R, AQP5, and CFTR in AD patients with AR was associated with AR severity. It partially explained the phenotypic differences of AD subtypes and provided potential references for endotype-targeted therapy.