Physical "lying flat": The negative effect of personal relative deprivation on health-promoting lifestyles.

BACKGROUND: Social comparison is an inevitable aspect of human life, often leading to personal relative deprivation, wherein individuals experience a sense of unfair treatment when they perceive themselves as being at a disadvantage in comparison to others. Earlier research has observed a phenomenon called "lying flat" associated with personal relative deprivation, characterized by a lack of motivation for self-improvement. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether this pattern is suitable for the domains of health-promoting lifestyles given that health-promoting is driven by self-improvement motivation. METHODS: In three studies conducted in China, an understudied non-Western society, we investigated the association between personal relative deprivation and health-promoting lifestyles by utilizing diverse measures and samples. RESULTS: Findings from Study 1 (N = 12,465) indicated a negative relationship between personal relative deprivation and health-promoting behavior. This effect was particularly prominent among older individuals (Study 2, N = 11,378). Study 3 (N = 234) indirectly explored the possibility that a decreased priority given to health goals explains the reduced adoption of health-promoting behaviors when experiencing personal relative deprivation. LIMITATIONS: First, all health-promoting lifestyles are self-reported. Second, the mechanism between PRD and health-promoting lifestyles was not directly examined. CONCLUSION: Overall, this research confirms the physical "lying flat" phenomenon, highlighting that personal relative deprivation contributes to unhealthy diets and physical inactivity. Moreover, our findings also suggest that the lower significance placed on health goals relative to other life goals may serve as an underlying reason for this phenomenon.

High-intensity first near-infrared emission through energy migration in multilayered upconversion nanoparticles.

The development of Tm3+ 807 nm first near-infrared (NIR-I, 700-1000 nm) emission with second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) excitation is urgently needed, due to its potential application in biomedicine. In this work, a range of NaErF4:Yb@NaYF4:Yb@NaYF4:Yb,Tm@NaYF4 multilayer core-shell structure upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were successfully prepared by a co-precipitation method. The strongest UC emissions can be obtained by changing the concentration of Yb3+ in the core and the first shell, and the proposed UC process was discussed in detail. The analysis shows that high-intensity NIR-I emission (807 nm) from Tm3+ and visible light from Er3+ were achieved through the energy migration among Yb3+ and the energy back transfer from Yb3+ to Er3+ under 1532 nm excitation. Besides, compared to bilayer UCNPs, multilayer core-shell UCNPs display superior optical performance. The high-intensity NIR-I emission at 807 nm (Tm3+:3H4 → 3H6) under 1532 nm NIR-II excitation demonstrates huge advantages in bioimaging.

Why are people 'Lying Flat'? Personal relative deprivation suppresses self-improvement motivation.

The 'Lying Flat' mindset refers to people's low intention to self-improvement. We hypothesized that personal relative deprivation (PRD), the negative consequence of social comparisons, is one of the reasons that might harm individuals' self-improvement motivations. In study 1 (N = 313), we found that PRD negatively predicted self-improvement after controlling for various confounding variables. This result is confirmed in study 2a (N = 3399) and 2b (N = 3219) by using a national representative sample. Furthermore, Study 2a found that the effect of PRD on self-improvement was mediated by the system-justifying belief (SJB). In study 3 (N = 160), we experimentally demonstrated that PRD harms self-improvement and persistence via its effect on SJB. The higher PRD people experienced, the less they endorsed the SJB, which thereby reduced self-improvement. Taken together, this research manifested that not only would PRD affect people's social beliefs (e.g. SJB) but also hinder self-improvement motivations.

[2-(Tetra-zol-1-yl)acetato-κO]tris-(tri-phenyl-phosphine-κP)silver(I) mono-hydrate.

The Ag(I) atom in the title compound, [Ag(C(3)H(3)N(4)O(2))(C(18)H(15)P)(3)]·H(2)O, exists in a distorted tetra-hedral environment. The uncoordinated water mol-ecule forms only one hydrogen bond to the uncoordinated carbonyl O atom.

Aqua-(2,2'-bipyridine-κN,N')[2-(3-thien-yl)malonato-κO,O']zinc(II) dihydrate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Zn(C(7)H(4)O(4)S)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(H(2)O)]·2H(2)O, the Zn(II) ion assumes a trigonal-bipyramidal coordination geometry completed by two N atoms from a 2,2'-bipyridine ligand, two O atoms from a 2-(3-thien-yl)malonate anion and a water mol-ecule. The S atom of the 2-(3-thien-yl)malonate ligand is disordered over two sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.701 (5):0.299 (5). Inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure.

(Formato-κO,O')bis-(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')manganese(II) perchlorate.

In the title complex, [Mn(CHO(2))(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)]ClO(4), the Mn(II) cation is chelated by two 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands and one formate anion in a distorted MnN(4)O(2) octa-hedral geometry. The two phen planes are oriented at a dihedral angle of 57.48 (11)°. The perchlorate anion links with the Mn complex cation via weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonding.

4,4'-(Ethene-1,2-diyl)dipyridinium bis-[4-(2-carboxy-benzo-yl)benzoate].

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(12)N(2) (2+)·2C(15)H(9)O(5) (-), the cation has site symmetry with the mid-point of C=C bond located on an inversion center. The two benzene rings of the anion are oriented at a dihedral angle 85.87 (6)°. In the crystal, inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions into supra-molecular double chains, which are further connected into a three-dimensional network through inter-molecular C-H⋯O and π-π stacking between parallel pyridine rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.4413 (12)Å] and between parallel benzene rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.6116 (14)Å].

[Study on the effect of weitongning on epidermal growth factor and nitric oxide contents in tissue of stomach of rats with gastric ulcer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic mechanism of weitongning (WTN) in treating peptic ulcer. METHODS: Rat model of chronic gastric ulcer induced by glacial acetic acid was used to observe the effect of WTN on the curative quality, thickness of regenerated mucous membrane, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nitric oxide (NO) contents in scar tissue around the gastric ulcer. RESULTS: The thickness of regenerated mucous membrane, EGF and NO contents in peri-ulcer scar tissue were higher in the model rats after WTN treatment than that in the untreated model rats (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSION: WTN could elevate the quality of ulcer curing, to raise the EGF and NO contents in peri-ulcer scar tissue might be one of its mechanisms for preventing relapse of peptic ulcer.