Recent research on material-based methods for isolation of extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles secreted by cells with a closed phospholipid bilayer structure, which can participate in various physiological and pathological processes and have significant clinical value in disease diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognosis assessment. EV isolation methods currently include differential ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography, immunoaffinity, polymer co-precipitation and microfluidics. In addition, material-based biochemical or biophysical approaches relying on intrinsic properties of the material or its surface-modified functionalized monomers, demonstrated unique advantages in the efficient isolation of EVs. In order to provide new ideas for the subsequent development of material-based EV isolation methods, this review will focus on the principle, research status and application prospects of material-based EV isolation methods based on different material carriers and functional monomers.

Association between retinol intake and periodontal health in US adults.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation and oxidative stress are two hallmarks of periodontitis. Retinol is an antioxidant and suppresses expression of pro-inflammatory factors. However, the evidence for an association between retinol intake and periodontitis is limited. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the association between retinol intake and periodontal health. METHODS: Data used in this cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014 (n = 9081). Dietary intake of retinol was measured based on two 24-h dietary recall interviews. The category of periodontitis was defined by the CDC/AAP according to clinical periodontal parameters. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate the relationship between retinol intake and the risk of periodontitis. RESULTS: Compared with the lowest tertile, individuals in the highest tertile of retinol intake were less likely to be periodontitis (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.96). The association was still significant in populations who were less than 60 years old (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65-0.97), non-Hispanic black (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.94), PI ≤ 1.3 (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.93), 1.3 < PI ≤ 3.5 (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55-0.89), non-smoker (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.48-0.81), obesity (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.49-0.94) and who had not diabetes mellitus (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.95) or had hypertension (ORtertile3vs1 = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.84). CONCLUSION: Retinol intake is inversely associated with poor periodontal health in US adults.

HOXB8 enhances the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells by promoting EMT via STAT3 activation.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that the expression of homeobox8 (HOXB8) is higher in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues than in normal tissues; however, the precise role of HOXB8 in human CRC cells remains to be elucidated. METHODS: We generated lentiviral constructs to overexpress and silence HOXB8 in CRC cell lines, and examined their biological functions through MTT, wound healing, colony and transwell, expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related factors through western-blot. RESULTS: HOXB8 knockdown inhibited cellular proliferation and invasion in vitro as well as carcinogenesis and metastasis in vivo. HOXB8 also induced EMT, which is characterized by the down-regulation of E-cadherin and the up-regulation of Vimentin, N-cadherin, Twist, Zeb1 and Zeb2. Moreover, HOXB8 activated STAT3, which is known to play an oncogenic role in diverse human malignancies. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that HOXB8 may be an independent prognostic factor in CRC. Therefore, deserved a deeper research.

[Cephalometric analysis of the soft tissue profile in Hunan Han adults with normal occlusion].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics soft tissue profile in Hunan Han adults with normal occlusion and to explore the differences of the soft tissue profile in gender, region and race. METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs were performed for 323 volunteers (164 females and 159 males) from Hunan Province. The digital cephalometric radiographs were imported into the WinCeph8.0 measurement and analysis system in a same computer. According to the Holdaway analysis method, the mean and standard deviation were calculated. Then the results were compared to the data from Liaoning, Nepalese, Japanese, North American Caucasians. RESULTS: The normal value of cephalometric facial soft tissue profile in Han population adults with normal occlusion in Hunan Province were obtained. There were significant differences in subnasale to H line (Sn-H), upper lip tension, lower lip sulcus depth (Si-PgsLs), and soft tissue chin thickness (Pg-Pgs) between males and females (all P<0.05). Compared with Liaoning Province, significant regional differences in soft tissue facial angle (FH-NsPgs), upper lip sulcus depth (Ss-Ls), Sn-H, lower lip thickness, upper lip thickness, H angle, lower lip to H line (Li-PgsLs), Si-PgsLs, and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). Compared with the Japan, significant regional differences in FH-NsPgs, nose prominence (Sn-Pn), lower lip thickness, upper lip tensity, H angle, Li-PgsLs, Si-PgsLs, and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). Compared with the Nepalese, significant regional differences in Sn-Pn, Ss-Ls, Sn-H, skeletal profile convexity (A-NPs), basic upper lip thickness, upper lip tensity, H angle, Li-PgsLs and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). Compared with the North America, significant regional differences in Sn-Pn, Ss-Ls, Sn-H, A-NPs, basic upper lip thickness, upper lip tensity, H angle, Li-PgsLs, Si-PgsLs and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There are both similarities and differences in facial soft tissue profile between males and females with normal occlusion in Hunan Province. The characteristics of facial soft tissue profile in Hunan Province are different from that in Liaoning area, Nepal, Japan and North America.