Accuracy of Modern Intraocular Lens Formulas in Highly Myopic Eyes Implanted With Plate-Haptic Intraocular Lenses.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictive accuracy of modern intraocular lens (IOL) formulas and axial length (AL) adjusted traditional IOL formulas, including Wang-Koch and Cooke-modified AL (CMAL) method, in long eyes with plate-haptic IOLs, and to compare refractive prediction error variances with C-loop IOLs. DESIGN: Retrospective consecutive case series study. METHODS: Data from 391 eyes with Zeiss 509 M and 302 eyes with Alcon SN6CWS implants in highly myopic patients, following cataract surgery from January 2019 to November 2023, were collected. One eye per patient was selected. Predictive outcomes of 15 modern formulas (Barrett Universal II (BU II), Cooke K6 (K6), Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO) 2.0, Hoffer-QST, Kane, Karmona, Ladas AI, Naeser 2, Olsen, Pearl-DGS, Radial Basis Function (RBF) 3.0, T2, VRF-G, Zhu-Lu, and Z-Calc) and 4 traditional IOL formulas (Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and SRK/T) with AL adjusted methods, were evaluated. The mean prediction error, mean absolute prediction error (MAE), root-mean-square absolute prediction error (RMSAE) and the proportions of eyes with PEs within ±0.25 Diopter (D), ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D were analyzed. Top 10 RMSAE-ranked formulas underwent further subgroup analysis based on AL, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and keratometry (K). RESULTS: For the 509 M group, RMSAE ranking for the top 10 IOL formulas were the RBF 3.0 (0.432), Zhu-Lu (0.436), Olsen (0.436), EVO 2.0 (0.437), Pearl-DGS (0.447), K6 (0.452), VRF-G (0.454), Naeser 2 (0.464), Haigis-CMAL (0.465) and Karmona (0.477). Karmona and Naeser 2 showed poorer performance in the extremely long AL and steep K subgroups, respectively (p ≤ 0.042). Haigis-CMAL accuracy was significantly lower in shallow ACD and flat K subgroups (P ≤ .045). The SN6CWS group showed significantly lower MAE and RMSAE compared to the 509 M group for the BU II, EVO 2.0, Hoffer-QST, Kane, Pearl-DGS, and Zhu-Lu formulas (P ≤ .024). CONCLUSIONS: In long eyes with plate-haptic IOLs, RBF 3.0 performed best, closely followed by Zhu-Lu, Olsen, and EVO 2.0; Karmona and Naeser 2 are discouraged for extreme AL and steep K conditions, respectively; Haigis-CMAL is not suggested for shallow ACD and flat K cases. Refractive outcomes in eyes implanted with a C-loop design IOL were more accurate than for those implanted with a plate-haptic design, for most tested formulas.

Accuracy of Ten Intraocular Lens Formulas in Spherical Equivalent of Toric Intraocular Lens Power Calculation.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this work is to evaluate the accuracy of the Barrett Universal II (BU II), Emmetropia verifying optical (EVO) 2.0, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Hoffer QST (Savini/Taroni) (HQST), Holladay 1, Kane, Ladas Super, Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff/theoretical (SRK/T), and T2 intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas for calculating spherical equivalent (SE) of toric IOL. METHODS: This study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Hangzhou from 2015 to 2022. We compared the new-generation formulas with Gaussian optics-based standard formulas, and calculated the mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE), and percentage of eyes within ± 0.25 diopter (D), ± 0.50 D, ± 0.75 D and ± 1.00 D of the target refraction. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the anterior chamber depth (ACD), keratometry (K), and toricity (T). RESULTS: A total of 207 eyes of 207 patients were included in this study. Overall, the Kane and EVO2.0 formulas demonstrated the lowest MedAEs. The EVO2.0 formula exhibited the highest percentage of eyes within ± 0.50 D, ± 0.75 D, ± 1.00 D. Moreover, the EVO2.0 formula showed the lowest MedAE for flat K subgroup, the highest percentage of eyes within ± 0.50 D, ± 1.00 D for shallow ACD subgroup, the highest percentage of eyes within ± 0.75 D for regular ACD, flat K, T2-T3, T4-T5 subgroups. The Kane and formula performed the lowest MedAE in the T4-T5 subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: Application of the Kane and EVO2.0 formulas significantly improved the prediction of postoperative SE outcome for toric IOL compared to the other formulas.

Antibacterial Effect of Sesame Protein-Derived Peptides against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus: In Silico and In Vitro Analysis.

This study aimed to screen out antibacterial peptides derived from sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) through in silico and in vitro methods. In silico proteolysis of sesame proteins with pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin was performed with the online server BIOPEP-UWM. The CAMPR3 online server was used to predict the antimicrobial effect of peptides. The ToxinPred, PepCalc, and AllergenFP tools were utilized to forecast the physicochemical properties, toxicity, and allergen of the peptides. Molecular docking analysis showed that six cationic antimicrobial peptides could directly interact with the key sites of dihydropteroate synthase, whereas Ala-Gly-Gly-Val-Pro-Arg and Ser-Thr-Ile-Arg exhibited the strongest binding affinity. In vitro antibacterial experiment showed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Ser-Thr-Ile-Arg against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was 1024 and 512 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, MIC of Ala-Gly-Gly-Val-Pro-Arg against both bacterial species was 512 µg/mL. Our results suggest that peptides from sesame possess the ability to potentially hinder bacterial activity.

Construction of a QSAR Model Based on Flavonoids and Screening of Natural Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors.

Pancreatic lipase (PL) is a key hydrolase in lipid metabolism. Inhibition of PL activity can intervene in obesity, a global sub-health disease. The natural product is considered a good alternative to chemically synthesized drugs due to its advantages, such as low side effects. However, traditional experimental screening methods are labor-intensive and cost-consuming, and there is an urgent need to develop high-throughput screening methods for the discovery of anti-PL natural products. In this study, a high-throughput virtual screening process for anti-PL natural products is provided. Firstly, a predictable anti-PL natural product QSAR model (R2train = 0.9444, R2test = 0.8962) were developed using the artificial intelligence drug design software MolAIcal based on genetic algorithms and their conformational relationships. 1068 highly similar (FS > 0.8) natural products were rapidly enriched based on the structure-activity similarity principle, combined with the QSAR model and the ADMET model, for rapid prediction of a total of five potentially efficient anti-PL natural products (IC50pre < 2 µM). Subsequently, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and MMGBSA free energy calculation were performed to not only reveal the interaction of candidate novel natural products with the amino acid residues of PL but also to validate the stability of these novel natural compounds bound to PL. In conclusion, this study greatly simplifies the screening and discovery of anti-PL natural products and accelerates the development of novel anti-obesity functional foods.

Virtual screening strategy for anti-DPP-IV natural flavonoid derivatives based on machine learning.

Flavonoids, especially their inhibitory effect on DPP-IV activity, have been widely recognized for their antidiabetic effects. However, the variety of natural flavonoid derivatives is very rich, and even subtle structural differences can lead to several orders of magnitude differences in their inhibitory activities against DPP-IV, which makes it challenging to find novel and potent anti-DPP-IV flavonoid derivatives experimentally. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient screening pipeline that targets active natural products. Here, we propose a fusion strategy based on a QSAR model, and to simplify this process, it was applied to the discovery of flavonoid derivatives with potent anti-DPP-IV activity. First, the high-quality QSAR model (Rtest2 = 0.816, MAEtest = 0.14, MSEtest = 0.026) was composed of seven key molecular property parameters, which were constructed with the genetic algorithm (GA) and passed the leave-one-out cross-validation evaluation. A total of 1,668 flavonoid derivatives were obtained from the natural product enriched by NPCD based on molecular fingerprint similarity (> 0.8). Further, the enriched flavonoid derivatives were further predicted and screened using the QED score combined with the QSAR model, and a total of 33 flavonoid derivatives (IC50pre < 6.5 µM) were found. Subsequently, three flavonoid derivatives (5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxyflavone, 3,7-dihydroxy-5,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone, and 5,7,2',5'-tetrahydroxyflavone) with highly effective anti-DPP-IV activity were obtained by ADMET analysis. Finally, the DPP-IV inhibitory potential of these three flavonoid derivatives was verified by 100 ns MD simulation and MM/PB(GB)SA.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Evaluation of optic nerve head vessels density changes after phacoemulsification cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography angiography.

AIM: To evaluate optic nerve head (ONH) vessel density (VD) changes after cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS: This was a prospective observational study. Thirty-four eyes with mild/moderate cataracts were included. ONH scans were obtained before and 3mo after cataract surgery using OCTA. Radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density, all VD, large VD and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in total disc, inside disc, and different peripapillary sectors were assessed and analyzed. Image quality score (QS), fundus photography grading and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were also collected, and correlation analyses were performed between VD change and these parameters. RESULTS: Compared with baseline, both RPC and all VD increased in inside disc area 3mo postoperatively (from 47.5%±5.3% to 50.2%±3.7%, and from 57.87%±4.30% to 60.47%±3.10%, all P<0.001), but no differences were observed in peripapillary area. However, large VD increased from 5.63%±0.77% to 6.47%±0.72% in peripapillary ONH region (P<0.001). RPC decreased in inferior and superior peripapillary ONH parts (P=0.019, <0.001 respectively). There were obvious negative correlations between RPC change and large VD change in inside disc, superior-hemi, and inferior-hemi (r=-0.419, -0.370, and -0.439, P=0.017, 0.044, and 0.015, respectively). No correlations were found between VD change and other parameters including QS change, fundus photography grading, postoperative BCVA, and postoperative peripapillary RNFLT. CONCLUSION: RPC density and all VD in the inside disc ONH region increase 3mo after surgery in patients with mild to moderate cataract. No obvious VD changes are found in peripapillary area postoperatively.

Repeatability and reproducibility of anterior lens zonule length measurement using ArcScan insight 100 very high-frequency ultrasound.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the intra-examiner repeatability and inter-examiner reproducibility in lens zonular length measurements using very high-frequency digital ultrasound (Insight 100). METHODS: Two examiners performed ultrasound imaging independently in each subject. The length of temporal and nasal zonules were then measured with a built-in software. Coefficient of variations (CVs) of the three repeated measurements were used to determine intra-examiner variances. Inter-examiner reproducibility was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS: 40 eyes of 40 subjects (14male and 26female; mean age 23.9 ± 2.4 years) were included in the study. The CVs for intra-examiner measurement were 2.74% temporally and 4.32% nasally for Examiner 1, and were 1.96% temporally and 1.75% nasally for Examiner 2. For inter-examiner reproducibility, all ICCs were above 0.9. However, there were significant differences between the two examiners in temporal zonular length measurements (p = 0.001), and the differences mainly came from measuring the zonular length manually (p = 0.001) rather than recording images (p = 0.480). No significant differences were found between two measurements by the same examiner after one month (all p > 0.05, all ICCs > 0.8). CONCLUSION: The Insight 100 device can be used to measure the length of anterior lens zonule with relatively good repeatability and reproducibility. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier is NCT05657951.

Wearable non-invasive glucose sensors based on metallic nanomaterials.

The development of wearable non-invasive glucose sensors provides a convenient technical means to monitor the glucose concentration of diabetes patients without discomfortability and risk of infection. Apart from enzymes as typical catalytic materials, the active catalytic materials of the glucose sensor are mainly composed of polymers, metals, alloys, metal compounds, and various metals that can undergo catalytic oxidation with glucose. Among them, metallic nanomaterials are the optimal materials applied in the field of wearable non-invasive glucose sensing due to good biocompatibility, large specific surface area, high catalytic activity, and strong adsorption capacity. This review summarizes the metallic nanomaterials used in wearable non-invasive glucose sensors including zero-dimensional (0D), one-dimensional (1D), and two-dimensional (2D) monometallic nanomaterials, bimetallic nanomaterials, metal oxide nanomaterials, etc. Besides, the applications of wearable non-invasive biosensors based on these metallic nanomaterials towards glucose detection are summarized in detail and the development trend of the wearable non-invasive glucose sensors based on metallic nanomaterials is also outlook.

Current development of stretchable self-powered technology based on nanomaterials toward wearable biosensors in biomedical applications.

In combination with the growing fields of artificial intelligence and Internet-of-things (IoT), the innovation direction of next-generation biosensing systems is toward intellectualization, miniaturization, and wireless portability. Enormous research efforts have been made in self-powered technology due to the gradual decline of traditional rigid and cumbersome power sources in comparison to wearable biosensing systems. Research progress on various stretchable self-powered strategies for wearable biosensors and integrated sensing systems has demonstrated their promising potential in practical biomedical applications. In this review, up-to-date research advances in energy harvesting strategies are discussed, together with a future outlook and remaining challenges, shedding light on the follow-up research priorities.

Analysis of the Dysfunctional Lens Index as a Novel Criterion for Surgical Decision-Making in Age-Related Cataracts.

BACKGROUND: The dysfunctional lens index (DLI) provided by a ray-tracing aberrometry system is an objective index in cataract assessment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate correlations among Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III) grades, Catquest 9SF scores, and the (DLI) and the DLI's role in surgical decision-making in age-related mixed cataract. METHODS: This trial was registered at NIH (clinicaltrial.gov) on January 5, 2021 (NCT04711395). In this prospective cross-sectional study, age-related mixed cataract patients were recruited. One high-volume and two low-volume surgeons made surgical decisions based on corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), LOCS III graded photographs, and Catquest 9SF scores. Their decision-making agreement was evaluated with Cohen's kappa coefficient. Correlations among the parameters were analyzed. The optimal cut-off DLI was calculated using a receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: Overall, 106 patients (106 eyes) were included. Very good agreement levels were noted among the high- and low-volume surgeons (Cohen's kappa coefficient, 0.848) (95% CI, 0.748-0.948). The DLI had the strongest correlation with Catquest 9SF scores (R2 = 0.566), followed by with posterior subcapsular (R2 = 0.418), nuclear opalescence (R2 = 0.388), and cortical (R2 = 0.333, all P < .0001) cataract LOCS III grades. Catquest 9SF scores were correlated with cortical (R2 = 0.249), nuclear opalescence (R2 = 0.278), and posterior subcapsular (R2 = 0.235, all P < .0001) cataract LOCS III grades. A cut-off DLI of 5.36 was identified as a surgical criterion (specificity, 86.9%; sensitivity, 93.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The DLI is valuable for objectively assessing patient complaints and lens opacity severity. LOCS III remains effective and economical in assessing early cortical cataracts with relatively clear central lenses. A cut-off DLI ≤5.36 could be a criterion for preoperative decision-making.

In situ self-assembled macroporous interconnected nanosheet arrays of Ni-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate metal - organic framework on Ti mesh as high-performance oxygen evolution electrodes.

Highly efficient metal-organic framework (MOF)-based oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts are desirable for water splitting, but their development remains challenging due to poor accessibility of coordinatively unsaturated metal (cum) sites and low intrinsic activity. A large-area three-dimensional (3-D) macroporous interconnected nanosheet array of Ni-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate has been in situ self-assembled on Ti mesh (TM) by using ethanol as the solvent and high-affinity oxide layer on TM to promote in situ nucleation. The obtained nanoarchitecture exhibits much superior catalytic activity compared to most reported catalysts including MOF-based catalysts, other precious-metal-free ones, and Ir/Ru-based ones. Additionally, this electrode undergoes no current decay after 300 cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycles and can maintain at 250 mA cm-2 for over 266 h. The excellent catalytic performance is mainly due to the 3-D macroporous and interconnected nanosheet array structure improving cum site exposure and charge transport and in situ activated cum cations enhancing OH- adsorption. This work not only develops a facile and economical approach to synthesize 3-D macroporous interconnected MOF nanosheet arrays to simultaneously increase the number, exposure, and intrinsic activity of active sites and facilitate charge transport for high-performance eletrocatalysis, but provides scientific insights into the mechanisms for self-assembly of this unique nanoarchitecture and for the high OER performance.

Pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects of peptides derived from sesame proteins: In silico and in vitro analyses.

Pancreatic lipase (PL) is the main digestive enzyme that is responsible for breaking triglycerides into smaller components for absorption. Inhibition of PL can effectively reduce triglyceride absorption, helping to prevent the development of obesity. The objective of this study was to investigate the PL inhibitory activity of peptides derived from sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in silico and in vitro. In silico proteolysis of sesame proteins with pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin was performed with ExPASy PeptideCutter. Six peptides (TF, EW, QWM, NIF, AGY and PIF) were screened out by PeptideRanker, SwissADME and AutoDock. Molecular docking analysis showed that these six peptides could interact directly with Phe77, His151, Ser152, Phe215 and His263 at the key sites of PL. The six peptides were further synthesized to verify their PL-inhibitory effects in vitro, and TF, EW, QWM, NIF and AGY exhibited inhibitory activity on PL with IC50 values of 751 ± 75, 907 ± 91, 986 ± 170, 1044 ± 179 and 1183 ± 179 µM, respectively. Inhibitory kinetics indicated that TF, QWM and NIF were mixed-type inhibitors of PL, while EW and AGY were uncompetitive inhibitors. Our results suggest that peptides from sesame could potentially inhibit the activity of PL.

Comparison of Three-Dimensional Surgical System Versus Binocular Microscope for Clear Corneal Incision in Cataract Surgery.

INTRODUCTION: To compare surgical outcomes of 2.2 mm clear corneal incision (CCI) between a three-dimensional (3D) visualization system and traditional binocular microscope (BM) for phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgery. METHODS: In this randomized controlled clinical study, 60 eyes with age-related cataracts were divided into two groups receiving cataract surgery using either a 3D vision system (n = 30 eyes) (3D group) or a binocular microscope (n = 30 eyes) (BM group). We recorded and statistically analyzed surgical parameters and pre- and postoperative ocular parameters. Primary outcomes included the change in endothelial cell density (ECD) and CCI architecture, and secondary outcomes comprised other ocular parameters and surgical parameters. All procedures complied with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. RESULTS: Of the 60 eyes randomly assigned between January 5, 2021, and May 9, 2021, 55 (26 eyes in the 3D group and 29 eyes in the BM group) were analyzed. The ECD loss rate was 8.1% in the 3D group and 12.3% in the BM group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Local detachment of Descemet's membrane was seen in 50% (13 eyes, 3D group) and 51.6% (15 eyes, BM group), wound gaping at the endothelial side in 15.4% (four eyes, 3D group) and 10.3% (four eyes, BM group), gaping at the epithelial side in 11.5% (three eyes, 3D group) and 6.9% (two eyes, BM group), and misalignment of the incision in 3.4% (one eye, BM group) 1 day after surgery. These abnormalities improved with time. There was no difference between the 3D group and BM group in terms of other ocular parameters or surgical parameters before and after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Using the 3D surgical system for phacoemulsification and IOL implantation surgery seems to result in similar ECD and CCI conditions as using a conventional binocular microscope. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04839250).

Macular Morphologic and Microvascular Analysis in Pseudophakic Children with Previous Pediatric Cataract Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

INTRODUCTION: The macular morphologic and microvascular changes in children with pseudophakia after pediatric cataract surgery remain unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze macular morphologic and microvascular remodeling in children with pseudophakia after pediatric cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS: Consecutive cases between December 1, 2018, and November 31, 2020 were recruited. Sixty-one participants (31 pseudophakic children and 30 healthy controls) met the inclusion criteria and were included for final analysis. OCTA was used to measure macular vascular density, the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and macular thickness. The parameters were compared between pseudophakic and healthy eyes using binary logistic regression, with adjustment for the effect of refractive error, age, and axial length. RESULTS: Compared with normal eyes, a significantly reduced area of the FAZ (p = 0.042), increased superficial foveal vascular density (p = 0.033), and increased inner and outer foveal thickness (p = 0.034 and 0.029, respectively) were noted in pseudophakic eyes. The deep parafoveal vascular density was generally lower in eyes with cataracts (p ≤ 0.044). The inner foveal thickness was positively correlated with the superficial foveal vascular density (r = 0.889, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with the area of the FAZ (r = -0.903, p < 0.001). The outer foveal thickness was positively correlated with the deep foveal vascular density (r = 0.399, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Morphological and microvascular remodeling in children with previous pediatric cataract indicates foveal underdevelopment. The underlying mechanism requires further investigation.

Effect of Mydriasis-Caused Intraocular Pressure Changes on Corneal Biomechanical Metrics.

Purpose: To evaluate the dependence of biomechanical metrics on intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: 233 refractive surgery patients were included in this study-all were examined 3 times with the Corvis ST before and after dilation, and the differences (∆) in the main device parameters were assessed. The data collected included the biomechanically corrected IOP (bIOP), the central corneal thickness (CCT), and six dynamic corneal response (DCR) parameters, namely DA, DARatio2mm, IIR, SP-A1, CBI, and SSI. Participants were divided into three groups according to the changes in patients' bIOP after mydriasis. Results: Intra-operator repeatability was generally high in most of the DCR parameters obtained before and after dilation. The mean changes in bIOP and CCT after dilation were -0.12 ± 1.36 mmHg and 1.95 ± 5.23 µm, respectively. Only ∆DARatio2mm, ∆IIR, and ∆CBI exhibited a statistically significant correlation with ∆CCT (p < 0.05). The changes in all DCR parameters, especially ∆DA and ∆SP-A1 were also correlated with ∆bIOP (p < 0.01)-a 1-mmHg change in bIOP was associated, on average, with 5.612 and -0.037 units of change in SP-A1 and DA, respectively. In contrast, the weakest correlation with ∆bIOP was exhibited by ∆SSI. Conclusion: Most corneal DCR parameters, provided by the Corvis ST, were correlated with IOP, and more weakly with CCT. Changes experienced in CCT and IOP should therefore be considered in studies on corneal biomechanics and how it is affected by disease progression and surgical or medical procedures.

Age-related changes in crystalline lens tilt and decentration: swept-source OCT study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the age-related tilt and decentration of crystalline lenses using a swept-source optical coherence tomography biometer (SS-OCT) (CASIA2, Tomey Corp.). SETTING: Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: The direction and magnitude of the crystalline lens were evaluated in 230 participants with ages ranging from 7 to 90 years using SS-OCT. The participants were divided into 4 age groups, and the differences among the groups were analyzed. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the main factors influencing crystalline lens tilt and decentration. RESULTS: The natural crystalline lens tilted toward the inferotemporal direction with a mean magnitude of 4.3 ± 1.5 degrees (range 0.7 to 8.95 degrees). The mean decentration toward the superotemporal direction was 0.17 ± 0.12 mm (range 0.03 to 1.15 mm). There was mirror symmetry between the right and left eyes. There were statistically significant differences in the crystalline lens tilt and decentration among the age groups. Multiple linear regression showed that changes in crystalline lens tilt depended on angle α (P < .01) and anterior chamber depth (ACD; P = .008), whereas crystalline lens decentration depended on angle κ (P = .003), age (P < .01), and angle α (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Although there was a statistically significant difference in crystalline lens tilt and decentration among age groups, the variation in the crystalline lens position was partially affected by age. The crystalline lens tilt was greater in eyes with wider angle α and shallower ACD, whereas crystalline lens decentration was greater in younger eyes with wider angles κ and α.

Agreement between anterior segment parameters obtained by a new ultrasound biomicroscopy and a swept-source fourier-domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement between anew UBM and an SS-OCT. Methods: The scans of the right eye of each volunteer were obtained using the two devices. Data were fitted and recorded including: central corneal thickness (CCT), aqueous depth (AQD) (the distance from endothelium to lens), angle-to-angle distance (ATA), lens thickness (LT), diameter of the lens in the horizontal direction (LDiaangle: distance between the sharp angles on both sides of the lens, LDiaarc: distance between the vertex of the circular arcs on both sides of the lens), anterior and posterior corneal radius (Rf and Rb). Results: 25 eyes were included in this study. It could be seen that the differences in CCT, LDiaangle, Rf measured by the two instruments were not statistically significant. Bland-Altman analysis plots of CCT, LDiaangle and Rf showed mean differences of 0.2 µm, 0.01mm and 0.0mm for the 2 devices, respectively. Conclusion: The values of CCT, LDiaangle and Rf obtained via two instruments were not clinically interchangeable and the AQD, ATA, LT, and Rb have poor agreement affected by accommodation. We can estimate the real lens diameter by subtracting 0.61 ± 0.43mm when the lens diameter can only be simulated with SS-OCT.