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1.
Nanomicro Lett ; 16(1): 152, 2024 Mar 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38466482

RESUMEN

The thermoregulating function of skin that is capable of maintaining body temperature within a thermostatic state is critical. However, patients suffering from skin damage are struggling with the surrounding scene and situational awareness. Here, we report an interactive self-regulation electronic system by mimicking the human thermos-reception system. The skin-inspired self-adaptive system is composed of two highly sensitive thermistors (thermal-response composite materials), and a low-power temperature control unit (Laser-induced graphene array). The biomimetic skin can realize self-adjusting in the range of 35-42 °C, which is around physiological temperature. This thermoregulation system also contributed to skin barrier formation and wound healing. Across wound models, the treatment group healed ~ 10% more rapidly compared with the control group, and showed reduced inflammation, thus enhancing skin tissue regeneration. The skin-inspired self-adaptive system holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and medical devices.

2.
Micromachines (Basel) ; 15(2)2024 Feb 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38398975

RESUMEN

This paper reviews the evolution of methodologies and tools for modeling, simulation, and design of digital electronic system-on-chip (SoC) implementations, with a focus on industrial electronics applications. Key technological, economic, and geopolitical trends are presented at the outset, before reviewing SoC design methodologies and tools. The fundamentals of SoC design flows are laid out. The paper then exposes the crucial role of the intellectual property (IP) industry in the relentless improvements in performance, power, area, and cost (PPAC) attributes of SoCs. High abstraction levels in design capture and increasingly automated design tools (e.g., for verification and validation, synthesis, place, and route) continue to push the boundaries. Aerospace and automotive domains are included as brief case studies. This paper also presents current and future trends in SoC design and implementation including the rising, evolution, and usage of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, techniques, and tools, which promise even greater PPAC optimizations.

3.
Micromachines (Basel) ; 14(4)2023 Mar 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37421015

RESUMEN

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is a promising technique for eliciting referred tactile sensations in patients with limb amputation. Although several studies show the validity of this technique, its application in daily life and away from laboratories is limited by the need for more portable instrumentation that guarantees the necessary voltage and current requirements for proper sensory stimulation. This study proposes a low-cost, wearable high-voltage compliant current stimulator with four independent channels based on Components-Off-The-Shelf (COTS). This microcontroller-based system implements a voltage-current converter controllable through a digital-to-analog converter that delivers up to 25 mA to load up to 3.6 kΩ. The high-voltage compliance enables the system to adapt to variations in electrode-skin impedance, allowing it to stimulate loads over 10 kΩ with currents of 5 mA. The system was realized on a four-layer PCB (115.9 mm × 61 mm, 52 g). The functionality of the device was tested on resistive loads and on an equivalent skin-like RC circuit. Moreover, the possibility of implementing an amplitude modulation was demonstrated.

4.
Adv Mater ; 35(32): e2301321, 2023 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37154271

RESUMEN

Information-processing devices are the core components of modern electronics. Integrating them into textiles is the indispensable demand for electronic textiles to form close-loop functional systems. Memristors with crossbar configuration are regarded as promising building blocks to design woven information-processing devices that seamlessly unify with textiles. However, the memristors always suffer from severe temporal and spatial variations due to the random growth of conductive filaments during filamentary switching processes. Here, inspired by the ion nanochannels across synaptic membranes, a highly reliable textile-type memristor made of Pt/CuZnS memristive fiber with aligned nanochannels, showing small set voltage variation (<5.6%) under ultralow set voltage (≈0.089 V), high on/off ratio (≈106 ), and low power consumption (0.1 nW), is reported. Experimental evidence indicate that nanochannels with abundant active S defects can anchor silver ions and confine their migrations to form orderly and efficient conductive filaments. Such memristive performances enable the resultant textile-type memristor array to have high device-to-device uniformity and process complex physiological data like brainwave signals with high recognition accuracy (95%). The textile-type memristor arrays are mechanically durable to withstand hundreds of bending and sliding deformations, and seamlessly unified with sensing, power-supplying, and displaying textiles/fibers to form all-textile integrated electronic systems for new generation human-machine interactions.

5.
J Med Syst ; 47(1): 54, 2023 May 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37129753

RESUMEN

From 6 Jan 22 to 17 Feb 22, a total of 729,367 close contacts classified into four distinct groups (i.e., household, social, school and nursing/ welfare home contacts) were managed by the Health Risk Warning system. High COVID-19-positive rates were demonstrated amongst household contacts, i.e., 10.9% (37,220/342,302) were detected via antigen rapid test kits and 56.5% (4,952/8,767) were detected via polymerase chain reaction testing. Household contacts represent the highest risk of being infected by virtue of the sustained close-proximity interactions in the household setting. Social, school and nursing/ welfare home contacts continue to remain at-risk groups for close monitoring. At a population level, household and symptomatic close contacts should be the groups of focus in the early phases of the pandemic, including future potential waves involving COVID-19 variants of concern.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , SARS-CoV-2 , Trazado de Contacto , Pandemias
6.
J Med Syst ; 47(1): 24, 2023 Feb 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36781557

RESUMEN

Singapore, like many other nations globally, had to contend with significant caseloads arising from the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. This paper focuses on using technology as an intervention for pandemic management. With scant scientific evidence on effective medications and vaccinations (i.e., pharmaceutical interventions) initially, disease containment strategies predominated during the early phases. Non-pharmaceutical interventions were critical in slowing disease transmission and preventing public healthcare institutions from being overwhelmed. Such interventions could be broadly divided into case-based interventions (e.g., contact tracing and quarantining of close contacts) and population-based measures (e.g., mask use and social distancing). The paper describes Singapore's experience in the operational implementation of contact-based interventions, and illustrates how harnessing the digital edge enabled fast, accurate, resource-efficient, and flexible execution of ground operations. Singapore applied digital technology and developed an integrated system to facilitate issuance and acknowledgement of quarantine orders, submission of COVID-19 test results, and collection of antigen rapid test kits at the population level. Data was obtained from this proprietary centralised, automated platform. The paper demonstrates how such simple, yet elegant systems could have a direct impact on disease transmission in an outbreak setting and on population health. Moving forward, it is recommended that technology and digital solutions feature prominently in work process designs beyond COVID-19 such as in the management of emerging infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Cuarentena , Trazado de Contacto/métodos , SARS-CoV-2 , Brotes de Enfermedades/prevención & control
7.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(2)2023 Jan 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36679563

RESUMEN

In an increasingly interconnected world, where electronic devices permeate every aspect of our lives, wearable systems aimed at monitoring physiological signals are rapidly taking over the sport and fitness domain, as well as biomedical fields such as rehabilitation and prosthetics. With the intent of providing a novel approach to the field, in this paper we discuss the development of a wearable system for the acquisition of EEG signals based on a portable, low-power custom PCB specifically designed to be used in combination with non-conventional ultra-conformable and imperceptible Parylene-C tattoo electrodes. The proposed system has been tested in a standard rest-state experiment, and its performance in terms of discrimination of two different states has been compared to that of a commercial wearable device for EEG signal acquisition (i.e., the Muse headset), showing comparable results. This first preliminary validation demonstrates the possibility of conveniently employing ultra-conformable tattoo-electrodes integrated portable systems for the unobtrusive acquisition of brain activity.


Asunto(s)
Tatuaje , Dispositivos Electrónicos Vestibles , Electroencefalografía/métodos , Electrodos
8.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 22(1): 395, 2022 Mar 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35337327

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon is in the process of converting the surveillance reporting from a cumbersome paper-based system to a web-based electronic platform (DHIS-2) to have real-time information for early detection of alerts and outbreaks and for initiating a prompt response. OBJECTIVES: This paper aimed to document the Lebanese experience in implementing DHIS-2 for the disease surveillance system. It also targets to assess the improvement of reporting rates and timeliness of the reported data and to disclose the encountered challenges and opportunities. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective description of processes involved in the implementation of the DHIS-2 tool in Lebanon. Initially, it was piloted for the school-based surveillance in 2014; then its use was extended in May 2017 to cover other specific surveillance systems. This included all surveillance programs collecting aggregate data from hospitals, medical centers, dispensaries, or laboratories at the first stage. As part of the national roll-out process, the online application was developed. The customized aggregated-based datasets, organization units, user accounts, specific and generic dashboards were generated. More than 80 training sessions were conducted throughout the country targeting 1290 end-users including health officers at the national and provincial levels, focal persons who were working in all public and private hospitals, laboratories, and medical centers as well. Completeness and timeliness of reported data were compared before and after the implementation of DHIS-2. The unveiled challenges and the main lessons learned during the roll-out process were discussed. RESULTS: For laboratory-based surveillance, completeness of reporting increased from 70.8% in May to 89.6% in October. Timeliness has improved from 25 to 74%. For medical centers, an improvement of 8.1% for completeness and 9.4% in timeliness was recorded before and after training sessions. For zero reporting, completeness remains the same (88%) and timeliness has improved from 74 to 87%. The main challenges faced during the implementation of DHIS-2 were mainly infrastructural and system-related in addition to poor internet connectivity, limited workforce, and frequent changes to DHIS-2 versions. CONCLUSION: Implementation of DHIS-2 improved timeliness and completeness for aggregated data reporting. Continued on-site support, monitoring, and system enhancement are needed to improve the performance of DHIS-2.


Asunto(s)
Sistemas de Información en Salud , Brotes de Enfermedades , Electrónica , Humanos , Líbano/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos
9.
Sensors (Basel) ; 21(24)2021 Dec 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34960587

RESUMEN

To increase the accuracy of reservoir evaluation, a new type of seismoelectric logging instrument was designed. The designed tool comprises the invented sonde-structured array complex. The tool includes several modules, including a signal excitation module, data acquisition module, phased array transmitting module, impedance matching module and a main system control circuit, which are interconnected through high-speed tool bus to form a distributed architecture. UC/OS-II was used for the real-time system control. After constructing the experimental measurement system prototype of the seismoelectric logging detector, its performance was verified in the laboratory. The obtained results showed that the consistency between the multi-channel received waveform amplitude and benchmark spectrum was more than 97%. The binary phased linear array transmitting module of the instrument can realize 0° to 20° deflection and directional radiation. In the end, a field test was conducted to verify the tool's performance in downhole conditions. The results of this test proved the effectiveness of the developed seismoelectric logging tool.


Asunto(s)
Impedancia Eléctrica
10.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf ; 30(9): 1242-1249, 2021 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34155708

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To present the antibiotic prescription trend between 2011-2018 at primary healthcare in Turkey in order to evaluate the effects of interventions at national level for providing rational prescription of antibiotics. METHODS: Electronic prescription data of the family physicians collected from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2018 in 81 provinces of Turkey were recorded through the Prescription Information System and screened for the antimicrobial drugs. The interventions to promote rational antibiotic use during 2011-2018 in Turkey includes reminding the legislation to stop access of antibiotics without prescription, monitoring of antibiotic prescription behaviors of primary healthcare physicians, and education of healthcare workers and the public on the appropriate use of antibiotics. RESULTS: A total of 1 054 261 396 prescriptions for outpatients of all age groups were recorded during this period. Of the prescriptions written by family physcians, 34.94% were containing at least one antibiotic in 2011, which declined to 24.55% in 2018. Antibiotics constituted 13.99% of all the items in prescriptions in 2011 and 10.47% in 2018. Percentage of total antibiotic expenditure to the total drug expanditure decreased from 14.14% to 4.12% during 2011-2018. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin and enzyme inhibitor combination, cefdinir, and cefuroxime during 2011-2018, with an increasing trend for prescription of first-line antibiotic, amoxicillin, in recent years. CONCLUSIONS: Governmental interventions at national level have contributed to reducing antibiotic prescription and increasing preference of first-line antibiotics at primary healthcare level in Turkey over a course of 8 years. Turkey's model of governmental interventions may set an example for other countries with high consumption of antibiotics, and contribute to the actions against antimicrobial resistance worldwide.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Pacientes Ambulatorios , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Prescripciones de Medicamentos , Humanos , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina , Prescripciones , Turquía
11.
Adv Sci (Weinh) ; 8(3): 2002065, 2021 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33552854

RESUMEN

A highly periodic electrostatic potential, even though established in van der Waals bonded organic crystals, is essential for the realization of a coherent band electron system. While impurity doping is an effective chemical operation that can precisely tune the energy of an electronic system, it always faces an unavoidable difficulty in molecular crystals because the introduction of a relatively high density of dopants inevitably destroys the highly ordered molecular framework. In striking contrast, a versatile strategy is presented to create coherent 2D electronic carriers at the surface of organic semiconductor crystals with their precise molecular structures preserved perfectly. The formation of an assembly of redox-active molecular dopants via a simple one-shot solution process on a molecularly flat crystalline surface allows efficient chemical doping and results in a relatively high carrier density of 1013 cm-2 at room temperature. Structural and magnetotransport analyses comprehensively reveal that excellent carrier transport and piezoresistive effects can be obtained that are similar to those in bulk crystals.

12.
Ann Biomed Eng ; 49(2): 933-945, 2021 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33009606

RESUMEN

This work presents the design and development of a new alternative tool to measure the Center of Pressure (CoP) displacements, intended to evaluate the human balance. The device is based on a modified commercial balance board used for video games, resulting in a low-cost, portable device capable of computing the CoP, providing 24 of the most used indexes to test the human balance. The proposed standalone device runs on rechargeable batteries, weighs only 3.5 kg, and has a data storage capacity for over 1000 tests. Visual and auditory instructions assist its user interface. Thus, contrary to the commercial systems designed for laboratory use, this device enables the measurement of quantitative balance parameters in non-laboratory places, allowing the study of the balance of vulnerable populations directly on their typical environments. To evaluate the device, 20 older adults (68.60 ± 1.23 years) were tested, and the resulting values were compared with a similar study using a force platform; 19 indexes showed a similarity with those reported using force platform and 12 of these were statistically equivalent. The proposed device represents an open-source alternative tool for researchers and healthcare personnel to acquire reliable data to evaluate human balance.


Asunto(s)
Monitoreo Ambulatorio/instrumentación , Equilibrio Postural , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Diseño de Equipo , Femenino , Humanos
13.
Sensors (Basel) ; 20(16)2020 Aug 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32824395

RESUMEN

This paper presented an autonomous electronic system for sunshine duration (SD) monitoring based on the contrast method and developed to operate on a horizontal surface. The prototype uses four photoresistors arranged at 90° in a 20 mm diameter circumference separated by a shading structure used to create a shadow pattern on the detection element. Photoresistors are inserted in individual signal conditioning circuits based on the association between Wheatstone bridges and operational amplifiers to provide an analog signal to the microcontroller unit. The determination of SD occurs through the implementation of fuzzy logic with numerical calculation methods to estimate the probability (f) of solar disk obstruction and estimate SD values. The system does not require additional adjustments after installation or use of energy sources for operation due to the use of an internal battery with charge recovery by solar panels. Experimental results of the proposed system were validated with the ones provided by a government meteorology station. Statistical analysis of the results showed a confidence index (c) greater than 90%, with a precision of 94.26%. The proposed system is a feasible low-cost solution to the available commercial systems for the measurement of sunshine duration.

14.
Biosens Bioelectron ; 165: 112404, 2020 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32729524

RESUMEN

Operant conditioning of Hoffmann's reflex (H-reflex) is a non-invasive and targeted therapeutic intervention for patients with movement disorders following spinal cord injury. The reflex-conditioning protocol uses electromyography (EMG) to measure reflexes from specific muscles elicited using transcutaneous electrical stimulation. Despite recent advances in wearable electronics, existing EMG systems that measure muscle activity for operant conditioning of spinal reflexes still use rigid metal electrodes with conductive gels and aggressive adhesives, while requiring precise positioning to ensure reliability of data across experimental sessions. Here, we present the first large-area epidermal electronic system (L-EES) and demonstrate its use in every step of the reflex-conditioning protocol. The L-EES is a stretchable and breathable composite of nanomembrane electrodes (16 electrodes in a four by four array), elastomer, and fabric. The nanomembrane electrode array enables EMG recording from a large surface area on the skin and the breathable elastomer with fabric is biocompatible and comfortable for patients. We show that L-EES can record direct muscle responses (M-waves) and H-reflexes, both of which are comparable to those recorded using conventional EMG recording systems. In addition, L-EES may improve the reflex-conditioning protocol; it has potential to automatically optimize EMG electrode positioning, which may reduce setup time and error across experimental sessions.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas Biosensibles , Reflejo H , Condicionamiento Operante , Electrónica , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
15.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32306566

RESUMEN

The results of scientific research can be trusted when initial data is processed properly. To watch out quality of data is the most important in those research studies that provide their results to Russian health care officials for management decision-making that effect medical care support on national scale. The financial support of science within the framework of public contracts turns out less efficient when deductions are based on unreliably collected, altered or omitted information. When electronic systems are applied in data collection, they are to meet definite requirements. There are several international documents defining requirements to electronic systems collecting and processing information in medical scientific research. In the Russian Federation, such requirements are absent. The solution of this problem is in gradual implementation of common international standards into practice of collecting research data initially through researchers' training and then through Russian regulatory documentation amendment.


Asunto(s)
Investigación Biomédica , Federación de Rusia
16.
Comput Biol Med ; 101: 120-127, 2018 10 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30130638

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term medical condition associated with symptoms which may negatively impact on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures or questionnaires may be used to capture symptoms/HRQOL experienced by patients with advanced CKD. METHOD: Two PRO questionnaires were electronically adapted and incorporated in an electronic system developed at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (UHB), Birmingham. Usability testing was conducted with patients with advanced CKD. Qualitative methodology was used to elicit participants' views. RESULTS: Participants had a mean age of 64.3 years (range: 36-87 years). All owned electronic devices and had access to the internet. The mean time required to complete the two electronic questionnaires was 15.9 min (range = 8-34 min). Patients who had difficulties with the system were those who had the least experience of using the internet and electronic devices. The average usability and satisfaction score was 4.6 (5-point scale). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that individuals with advanced CKD may find the Renal ePROM system acceptable and easy to use. The use of the Renal ePROM may complement clinician-reported outcomes and assist with the management of patients with advanced CKD.


Asunto(s)
Internet , Calidad de Vida , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Interfaz Usuario-Computador , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente
17.
Stud Health Technol Inform ; 251: 219-222, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29968642

RESUMEN

Designing, developing, and establishing the multi-device/multi-center Comprehensive Implantable Medical Device Registry (CIMDR) for Saudi Arabia is a strategic objective of the Saudi Food and Drug Administration (SFDA). The goal of the CIMDR is to capture all related clinical data along with device related information for implantable medical devices and study population-related outcomes. There is an immediate need in Saudi Arabia to establish the CIMDR to carryout device surveillance, gauge the efficiency and efficacy of various implantable medical devices, and track and recall implantable medical devices.In this work, we report on the development of the SFDA's CIMDR. We specifically focus on the project organization, five primary modules of the CIMDR, and development of the CIMDR through dynamic forms. We anticipate that the collected information in the CIMDR will be used by hospitals and the SFDA to improve patient safety relating to implantable medical devices in Saudi Arabia. Future development of the CIMDR will include a wide range of reporting and embedded analytical tools that will help researchers improve clinical standards and contribute to the research and development of implantable medical device technology.


Asunto(s)
Prótesis e Implantes , Sistema de Registros , Hospitales , Humanos , Seguridad del Paciente , Arabia Saudita
18.
P T ; 42(10): 641-651, 2017 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29018301

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: In the last few decades, changes to formulary management processes have taken place in institutions with closed formulary systems. However, many P&T committees continued to operate using traditional paper-based systems. Paper-based systems have many limitations, including confidentiality, efficiency, open voting, and paper wastage. This becomes more challenging when dealing with a multisite P&T committee that handles formulary matters across the whole health care system. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of the first paperless, completely electronic, Web-based formulary management system across a large health care system in the Middle East. SUMMARY: We describe the transitioning of a multisite P&T committee in a large tertiary care institution from a paper-based to an all-electronic system. The challenges and limitations of running a multisite P&T committee utilizing a paper system are discussed. The design and development of a Web-based committee floor management application that can be used from notebooks, tablets, and hand-held devices is described. Implementation of a flexible, interactive, easy-to-use, and efficient electronic formulary management system is explained in detail. CONCLUSION: The development of an electronic P&T committee meeting system that encompasses electronic document sharing, voting, and communication could help multisite health care systems unify their formularies across multiple sites. Our experience might not be generalizable to all institutions because this depends heavily on system features, existing processes and workflow, and implementation across different sites.

19.
Public Health Action ; 7(4): 294-298, 2017 Dec 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29584795

RESUMEN

Setting: Since 2011, tuberculosis (TB) clinics in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Viet Nam, have been entering data from a paper-based TB treatment register into an electronic database known as VITIMES (Viet Nam TB Information Management Electronic System), which is currently used in parallel with the paper system. Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity, completeness and agreement of data in VITIMES with that of paper-based registers among TB patients co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) being treated for TB in HCMC. Design: This was a retrospective data review of all TB-HIV patients receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment in each of the 24 district TB clinics in HCMC in 2013. Data were abstracted from the paper-based TB treatment registers at district level and extracted electronically at the provincial level. Records were matched based on name, age and address. The sensitivity, completeness and agreement of the electronic data were compared with data from the paper system. Results: The findings showed that the electronic system had high sensitivity (99.2%), high completeness (87-99%) and high agreement (κ 0.78-0.97) for all variables. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that data are being correctly entered into VITIMES and that patient data can be directly entered into VITIMES instead of having a parallel, paper-based system.


Contexte : Depuis 2011, les centres antituberculeux (TB) de Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) ont entré les données émanant d'un registre papier de traitement de la TB dans une base de données électronique appelée VITIMES (Viet Nam TB Information Management Electronic System), qui est actuellement utilisée en parallèle au système papier.Objectif : Evaluer la sensibilité, l'exhaustivité et l'accord des données de VITIMES avec celles des registres papier parmi les patients TB co-infectés par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) et traités pour la TB à HCMC.Schéma : Cette étude est une revue rétrospective des données de tous les patients TB-VIH bénéficiant d'un traitement de TB dans chacun des 24 centres TB de district de HCMC en 2013. Les données ont été tirées du registre papier de traitement de la TB au niveau de chaque district et extraites électroniquement au niveau provincial. Les dossiers ont été appariés sur le nom, l'âge et l'adresse. La sensibilité, l'exhaustivité et l'accord des données ont été évalués par comparaison avec les données du système papier.Résultats : Les résultats ont montré que le système électronique avait une sensibilité élevée (99,2%), une exhaustivité élevée (87­99%) et un degré d'accord élevé (κ 0,78­0,97) pour toutes les variables.Conclusion : Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que les données sont entrées correctement sur VITIMES et que les données des patients peuvent y être entrées directement au lieu d'avoir un système papier en parallèle.


Marco de referencia: Desde el 2011, en los consultorios de atención de la tuberculosis (TB) de la ciudad de Ho Chi Minh, los datos del registro de tuberculosis en papel se están ingresando en un formato informático denominado VITIMES (por Viet Nam TB Information Management Electronic System). En la actualidad se utilizan ambos sistemas en paralelo.Objetivo: Evaluar la sensibilidad, el carácter integral y la concordancia de los datos del sistema VITIMES con respecto a los registros en papel sobre los pacientes con diagnóstico de coinfección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y el bacilo de la TB que reciben tratamiento antituberculoso en la ciudad de Ho Chi Minh.Método: Fue este un análisis retrospectivo de los datos de todos los pacientes coinfectados por el VIH y la TB que habían recibido tratamiento antituberculoso en cada uno de los 24 consultorios distritales en la ciudad en el 2013. Se extrajeron los datos de los registros de tratamiento de la TB mantenidos en papel a escala distrital y de los registros electrónicos a escala de la provincia. Se emparejaron los archivos a partir del nombre, la edad y la dirección. Se evaluó la sensibilidad, el carácter integral y la concordancia de los datos electrónicos con respecto a los datos del sistema en formato de papel.Resultados: Se observó que el sistema electrónico ofrecía una alta sensibilidad (99,2%) y un alto grado de integridad (de 87% a 99%), con una alta concordancia para todas las variables (κ de 0,78 a 0,97).Conclusión: Los resultados del presente estudio indican que los datos se han ingresado de manera correcta en el sistema VITIMES y que es posible captar la información directamente en este formato, sin conservar en paralelo el sistema en papel.

20.
ACS Nano ; 10(3): 3166-75, 2016 Mar 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26863408

RESUMEN

Herein, we present an approach to create a hybrid between single-atom-dispersed silver and a carbon nitride polymer. Silver tricyanomethanide (AgTCM) is used as a reactive comonomer during templated carbon nitride synthesis to introduce both negative charges and silver atoms/ions to the system. The successful introduction of the extra electron density under the formation of a delocalized joint electronic system is proven by photoluminescence measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations, and measurements of surface ζ-potential. At the same time, the principal structure of the carbon nitride network is not disturbed, as shown by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis. The synthesis also results in an improvement of the visible light absorption and the development of higher surface area in the final products. The atom-dispersed AgTCM-doped carbon nitride shows an enhanced performance in the selective hydrogenation of alkynes in comparison with the performance of other conventional Ag-based materials prepared by spray deposition and impregnation-reduction methods, here exemplified with 1-hexyne.

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