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1.
J Alzheimers Dis ; 101(2): 463-473, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39213058

RESUMEN

Background: The mechanisms through which acculturation influences the onset of cognitive impairment and dementia are not well understood, especially among older Hispanics. Objective: To investigate whether inflammation and psycho-behavioral factors mediate the relationship between acculturation and incident dementia among older Mexican Americans. Methods: We analyzed the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (1998-2007, SALSA), a longitudinal study (N = 1,194) with 10 years of follow-up, and used g-computation for mediation analysis with pooled logistic regression to evaluate whether acculturation (assessed by the Revised Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans [ARSMA-II]) affected dementia or cognitive impairment but not dementia (CIND) through inflammation (i.e., interleukin 6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]), smoking, alcohol consumption, and depressive symptoms. The potential mediators were assessed at baseline. Results: The 10-year average adjusted risk ratio (aRR) for the effect of high U.S. acculturation and dementia/CIND was 0.66, 95% CI (0.36, 1.30). The indirect effects were: IL-6 (aRR = 0.98, 95% CI (0.88, 1.05)); TNF-α (aRR:0.99, 95% CI (0.93, 1.05)); hs-CRP: (aRR = 1.21, 95% CI (0.84, 1.95)); current smoking: aRR = 0.97, 95% CI (0.84, 1.16); daily/weekly alcohol consumption (aRR = 1.00, 95% CI (0.96, 1.05)); and depressive symptom score (aRR = 1.03, 95% CI (0.95, 1.26)). Hs-CRP yielded a proportion mediated of -26%, suggesting that hs-CRP could suppress the potential effect of high U.S. acculturation. The other factors explored resulted in little to no mediation. Conclusions: The effect of acculturation on time to incident dementia/CIND varied over time. Our study suggests that inflammation could suppress the effect between high U.S. acculturation and dementia risk.


Asunto(s)
Aculturación , Demencia , Inflamación , Americanos Mexicanos , Humanos , Demencia/etnología , Demencia/epidemiología , Demencia/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/etnología , Inflamación/psicología , Estudios Longitudinales , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Incidencia , Factores de Riesgo , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Depresión/etnología , Depresión/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Interleucina-6/sangre
2.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol ; 30(4): 896-906, 2024 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38976413

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Latinx immigrant families may face stressful experiences premigration, en route to the host country, and once they arrive in the host country (postmigration). The present study examines the impact of premigration stress and postmigration stress (together defined as immigrant-related stress) on the mental health of Mexican-origin parents and their children using both cross-sectional and longitudinal methodology. METHOD: Data collection across four timepoints occurred from 2013 to 2018. At Time 1, 104 families were enrolled in the study and met the following criteria: (1) At least one Mexican-origin immigrant parent; (2) One child between the ages of 6-10 years; and (3) Family income at or below 150% of the federal poverty line. RESULTS: Hierarchical multiple regression and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) were used to analyze the cross-sectional and longitudinal data, respectively. HLM models revealed that higher postmigration stress over time (2013-2018) was related to higher mental health problems among parents and children. Higher premigration stress was associated with higher parent-reported child mental health problems, while postmigration stress was associated with higher parent mental health problems. Specifically, discrimination emerged as a salient factor of poor parent mental health. Immigrant-related stress was related to higher total parent and child mental health problems. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the strong impact of postmigration stress on mental health over the span of several years and during a time of heightened stress for many Mexican immigrant communities. The results inform the need for family-wide interventions that address the complexities of immigrant-related stress as well as comprehensive policy changes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Asunto(s)
Emigrantes e Inmigrantes , Salud Mental , Americanos Mexicanos , Estrés Psicológico , Humanos , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/psicología , Femenino , Masculino , Estrés Psicológico/etnología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Adulto , Estudios Longitudinales , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Padres/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , México/etnología , Emigración e Inmigración
3.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol ; 30(4): 647-676, 2024 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39023958

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: We developed the 26-item Ethnic-Racial Discrimination Stress Inventory (ERDSI) to assess ethnic-racial discrimination stress in Mexican-origin adults in the United States and Turkish-origin adults in Germany, two groups with similar sociocultural characteristics and immigration experiences. METHOD: We developed 73 items measuring firsthand, intragroup, and vicarious discrimination, and internalization and expectations of discrimination experiences. If participants reported experiencing a given situation, they were asked to rate its stressfulness. U.S.-based Mexican-origin adults (N = 222) and German-based Turkish-origin adults (N = 105) completed an online survey of these items, measures of related constructs, and sociodemographic measures. RESULTS: Study 1: We eliminated items based on interitem correlations and exploratory factor analyses in the U.S.-based Mexican sample. The exploratory factor analyses yielded four reliable and valid factors (F1: Vicarious Discrimination Stress, seven items; F2: Internalization of Discrimination Stress, seven items; F3: Intragroup Discrimination Stress, seven items; and F4: Firsthand Discrimination Stress, five items). The ERDSI factors predicted well-being measures, even after adjusting for control variables. Study 2: The three ERDSI factors (F1, F2, F4, not F3) that applied to the German-based Turkish sample demonstrated reliability and validity. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated metric invariance for F2 and partial scalar invariance for F1, F3, and F4. CONCLUSIONS: The ERDSI can be used to assess ethnic-racial discrimination stress in future studies with U.S.-based Mexican-origin adults and German-based Turkish-origin adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Asunto(s)
Racismo , Estrés Psicológico , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Turquía/etnología , Alemania , Adulto , Racismo/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/etnología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Estados Unidos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Persona de Mediana Edad , Psicometría , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Adulto Joven , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/psicología , Análisis Factorial
4.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 1757, 2024 Jul 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38956532

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: A growing literature has documented the social, economic, and health impacts of exclusionary immigration and immigrant policies in the early 21st century for Latiné communities in the US, pointing to immigration and immigrant policies as forms of structural racism that affect individual, family, and community health and well-being. Furthermore, the past decade has seen an increase in bi-partisan exclusionary immigration and immigrant policies. Immigration enforcement has been a major topic during the 2024 Presidential election cycle, portending an augmentation of exclusionary policies towards immigrants. Within this context, scholars have called for research that highlights the ways in which Latiné communities navigate exclusionary immigration and immigrant policies, and implications for health. This study examines ways in which Mexican-origin women in a midwestern northern border community navigate restrictive immigration and immigrant policies to access health-promoting resources and care for their well-being. METHODS: We conducted a grounded theory analysis drawing on interviews with 48 Mexican-origin women in Detroit, Michigan, who identified as being in the first, 1.5, or second immigrant generation. Interviews were conducted in English or Spanish, depending on participants' preferences, and were conducted at community-based organizations or other locations convenient to participants in 2013-2014. RESULTS: Women reported encountering an interconnected web of institutional processes that used racializing markers to infer legal status and eligibility to access health-promoting resources. Our findings highlight women's use of both individual and collective action to navigate exclusionary policies and processes, working to: (1) maintain access to health-promoting resources; (2) limit labeling and stigmatization; and (3) mitigate adverse impacts of immigrant policing on health and well-being. The strategies women engaged were shaped by both the immigration processes and structures they confronted, and the resources to which they had access to within their social network. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest a complex interplay of immigration-related policies and processes, social networks, and health-relevant resources. They highlight the importance of inclusive policies to promote health for immigrant communities. These findings illuminate women's agency in the context of structural violence facing immigrant women and are particularly salient in the face of anti-immigrant rhetoric and exclusionary immigration and immigrant policies.


Asunto(s)
Emigrantes e Inmigrantes , Emigración e Inmigración , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/psicología , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Emigración e Inmigración/legislación & jurisprudencia , Teoría Fundamentada , Promoción de la Salud/métodos , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Michigan , Política Pública , Investigación Cualitativa , Racismo , Racismo Sistemático , Red Social
5.
J Phys Act Health ; 21(9): 906-915, 2024 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39069288

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Little research on the association of neighborhood environment with physical activity in resource-poor communities has been done. This study assessed changes in perceptions of the neighborhood environment and the association between those perceptions and physical activity in Mexican Americans on the Texas-Mexico border in an area where there would be community efforts to enhance pedestrian and cycling infrastructure and programming. METHODS: We analyzed data from a population-based cohort of Mexican American individuals on the Texas-Mexico border. From 2008 to 2018, interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect perceptions of neighborhood environment and physical activity at baseline, 5- and 10-year follow-ups, and at other ancillary study visits, with an average of 3 data points per participant. We conducted multivariable longitudinal logistic regression analyses to assess if the changes in odds of positive perceptions of the neighborhood environment over the study years differed by physical activity patterns. RESULTS: The sample (n = 1036) was mostly female (71%), born in Mexico (70%), and had no health insurance (69%). We saw improvements in the perceptions of several neighborhood environment attributes from 2008 to 2018, though we saw different longitudinal trajectories in these perceptions based on an individual's longitudinal physical activity patterns. By 2014-2018, we saw significantly higher positive perceptions of the neighborhood environment for those who consistently met physical activity guidelines compared with those who did not (adjusted rate ratio = 1.12, P = .049). DISCUSSION: We found that perceptions of many neighborhood environment attributes improved between 2008 and 2018, and that overall positive perceptions were associated with consistently meeting physical activity guidelines over time.


Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico , Americanos Mexicanos , Percepción , Características de la Residencia , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Texas , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Características del Vecindario , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , México/etnología , Estudios Longitudinales , Caminata , Planificación Ambiental
6.
Stroke ; 55(8): 2003-2010, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38966984

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Informal home care is prevalent among Mexican American stroke survivors, but data on the impact on caregivers are not available. The aim was to assess ethnic differences in informal stroke caregiving and caregiver outcomes at 90 days poststroke. METHODS: Informal caregivers were recruited from the population-based Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project (2019-2023), conducted in a bi-ethnic community in Texas. Caregivers of community-dwelling stroke survivors who were not cognitively impaired and not employed by a formal caregiving agency were interviewed. Interviews included sociodemographics, dyad characteristics, Modified Caregiver Strain Index (range 0-26, higher more positive), Positive Aspects of Caregiving scale (range, 5-45, higher more), Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (range, 0-30, higher worse), and PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System)-10 physical (range, 16.2-67.7, higher better) and mental health (range, 21.2-67.6, higher better) summary scores. Stroke survivor data was from interviews and medical records. Propensity score methods were used to balance caregiver and patient factors among Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White caregivers by fitting a model with ethnicity of caregiver as the outcome and predictors being caregiver sociodemographics, patient-caregiver dyad characteristics, and patient sociodemographics and functional disability. Propensity scores were included as a covariate in regression models, considering the association between ethnicity and outcomes. RESULTS: Mexican American caregivers were younger, more likely female, and more likely a child of the stroke survivor than Non-Hispanic White caregivers. Mexican American caregiver ethnicity was associated with less caregiver strain (ß, -1.87 [95% CI, -3.51 to -0.22]) and depressive symptoms (ß, -2.02 [95% CI, -3.41 to -0.64]) and more favorable mental health (ß, 4.90 [95% CI, 2.49-7.31]) and positive aspects of caregiving (ß, 3.29 [95% CI, 1.35-5.23]) but not associated with physical health. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the mechanisms behind more favorable caregiver outcomes in Mexican American people may aid in the design of culturally sensitive interventions to improve both caregiver and stroke survivor outcomes, potentially across all race and ethnic groups.


Asunto(s)
Cuidadores , Americanos Mexicanos , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuidadores/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etnología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/enfermería , Accidente Cerebrovascular/psicología , Texas/epidemiología , Blanco
7.
Occup Ther Int ; 2024: 6301510, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39015426

RESUMEN

Thirty-seven interviews of Mexican American women who crossed the border into the United States during the era of the Mexican Revolution of 1910 were analyzed using constructivist grounded theory methods. The intent is to expand the occupational therapy profession's occupational consciousness and cultivate cultural humility. Four themes emerged from the data: suffering, work, yearning for an education, and compassion for others. The findings suggest that environmental barriers such as hierarchy (patriarchy and discrimination) and physical barriers (limited access to built environments, lack of nonexploitative work opportunities, and hostile educational institutions) prevented occupational participation. Small acts of resistance through everyday living (finding joy, playing, self-sufficiency, and community organizing) were identified as facilitators of occupational participation. The research findings challenge proposed assumptions found within the occupational therapy literature: (1) humans and occupations exist as separate from their environments, and (2) work, productivity, and leisure contribute positively to health. The Transformative Model of Occupational Therapy is introduced as a decolonized framework that inextricably links individual health to community and global health. The model centers play, social participation, work, and education as occupations that contribute to the common good. These occupations are kept in equilibrium within the Four Pillars of Culture (self-determination, compassion, sustainability, and language) or the cultural values identified and derived from the stories.


Asunto(s)
Teoría Fundamentada , Americanos Mexicanos , Terapia Ocupacional , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Empatía , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Terapia Ocupacional/métodos , Investigación Cualitativa , Participación Social , Estados Unidos
8.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol ; 30(4): 805-814, 2024 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38934951

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The present study examined whether immigration stress was related to decreased capacities for psychophysiological stress regulation (as indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) and whether lower RSA, in turn, was related to decreased maternal sensitivity. The buffering effect of familism values was also evaluated, such that familism values were expected to minimize associations between immigration stress, RSA, and sensitivity. METHOD: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of Mexican immigrant mothers (N = 277; Mage = 28 years). Mothers self-reported immigration stress and familism values, and mothers' resting RSA and sensitivity were assessed during laboratory visits. RESULTS: Higher immigration stress was associated with higher RSA (B = .15, SE = .07, p = .04) but was unrelated to maternal sensitivity. Moreover, links between more immigration stress and higher RSA were more pronounced among mothers who reported stronger familism values (B = .20, SE = .07, p = .003). CONCLUSIONS: The present study contributes to our understanding of the sequelae of immigration stress in Mexican immigrant mothers and the cultural resiliency factors that may alter its effects. In contrast to hypotheses, findings suggested that mothers who endorse more immigration stress may also exhibit higher RSA, and links may be more pronounced among those with strong familism values. Further research is needed to advance understanding of resiliency processes that promote family functioning in vulnerable populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Asunto(s)
Emigrantes e Inmigrantes , Americanos Mexicanos , Madres , Arritmia Sinusal Respiratoria , Estrés Psicológico , Humanos , Femenino , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/psicología , Adulto , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/etnología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Madres/psicología , Estudios Longitudinales , Arritmia Sinusal Respiratoria/fisiología , México/etnología , Adulto Joven , Relaciones Madre-Hijo/etnología , Sistema Nervioso Parasimpático/fisiología
9.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 1694, 2024 Jun 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38918747

RESUMEN

This study examines factors associated with symptoms of loneliness among a sample (n = 213) of mostly Mexican-origin adults at risk of chronic diseases in Southern Arizona's Pima, Yuma, and Santa Cruz counties. It uses baseline data from a community-based participatory research partnership and multinominal logistic regression models. Controlling for chronic diseases and sociodemographic characteristics, perceived social support and hope exhibit negative main effects on loneliness when comparing individuals who experienced loneliness for 5-7 days in the preceding week with those who did not encounter such feelings during the same period (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 0.49 and 0.47; 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.34-0.73 and 0.29-0.75, respectively). However, when considered together, perceived social support and hope display a positive and statistically significant combined effect on loneliness (AOR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01-1.06). Holding all covariates constant, individuals reporting loneliness for 5-7 days exhibit a relative risk ratio of 1.24 (95% CI = 1.06-1.46) for a one-unit increase in physical problem severity compared to those who do not experience loneliness. Moreover, being 65 years old or older (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.03-0.84), and having been born in Mexico and lived in the US for less than 30 years (AOR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.02-0.74) are associated with negative main effects on loneliness when comparing individuals who experienced loneliness 1-2, and 5-7 days in the preceding week with those who did not feel loneliness during the same timeframe, respectively. Recognizing the crucial role of loneliness in shaping health outcomes for Mexican-origin adults, our findings underscore the significance of fostering supportive environments that not only enhance well-being but also cultivate robust community bonds within the US-Mexico border region.


Asunto(s)
Soledad , Americanos Mexicanos , Humanos , Soledad/psicología , Arizona , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Factores de Riesgo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Apoyo Social , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Enfermedad Crónica/psicología , Investigación Participativa Basada en la Comunidad , Modelos Logísticos
10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38847491

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The Latino population is one of the largest, most diverse, and fastest-growing demographic groups in the United States. Although Latinos enjoy longer life spans and reduced mortality risk relative to non-Hispanic Whites, they have higher rates of chronic health conditions such as diabetes and dementia and live more of their older years with poor health and disability. Such inequities point to the need for this research focused on examining resiliency strategies and barriers to successful aging among various U.S. Latino subgroups. METHODS: This qualitative study used thematic content analysis to examine resiliency strategies and barriers to successful aging among Mexican immigrant women (n = 40) residing in an underserved agricultural community and entering mid-life (mean = 49 years old). RESULTS: With regards to barriers to successful aging, 3 themes emerged: (1) stressful lifestyle in the United States compared to the participants' home countries; (2) stress from expectations at home; and (3) stress due to work and the various components around work. The following 4 resiliency strategies emerged: (1) family as a motivation for moving forward in life and focusing on the success of children; (2) having a positive mindset; (3) praying to God for strength to overcome obstacles; and (4) self-care. DISCUSSION: Despite experiencing barriers to successful aging, participants practice various resiliency strategies to age successfully. Because many of the barriers identified are related to poverty-related stressors, systemic solutions addressing the social determinants of health are needed.


Asunto(s)
Emigrantes e Inmigrantes , Americanos Mexicanos , Investigación Cualitativa , Resiliencia Psicológica , Población Rural , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/psicología , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Envejecimiento/psicología , Envejecimiento/etnología , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Estados Unidos/etnología , Envejecimiento Saludable/psicología , Envejecimiento Saludable/etnología , México/etnología , Agricultura , Motivación , Estrés Psicológico/etnología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Adulto
11.
Cult Med Psychiatry ; 48(3): 614-633, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38896397

RESUMEN

This article explores the experiences of Mexican American mothers who, confronted with the troubled emotions and behaviors of their adolescent children, felt compelled to seek help from mental health clinicians. Their experience is situated in the context of both psychiatrization, or the tendency to treat social problems as mental illness, and the landscape of contemporary mothering in the U.S., where maternal determinism, mother-blame, and the demand for intensive parenting hold sway. In this context, the moral crisis of mental health care-seeking for their children forces mothers to reconcile multiple competing stakes as they navigate the overlapping, and sometimes conflicting, moral-cultural worlds constituted by family and community, as well as mental health care providers. At the same time, it allows them an opportunity to creatively "reenvision" their ways of being mothers and persons. Their stories and struggles shed new light on contemporary conversations about psychiatrization, everyday morality, and mothering.


Asunto(s)
Americanos Mexicanos , Principios Morales , Madres , Humanos , Madres/psicología , Femenino , Adolescente , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Adulto , Relaciones Madre-Hijo/etnología , Servicios de Salud Mental , Trastornos Mentales/terapia , Trastornos Mentales/etnología , Estados Unidos , Responsabilidad Parental/etnología , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/etnología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/psicología
12.
J Alzheimers Dis ; 99(3): 1105-1115, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38759004

RESUMEN

Background: Better English proficiency and higher frequency of using English among non-native speakers are associated with lower dementia risk. Objective: We investigated if Mexican American older adults who use English and Spanish to a more similar degree demonstrate better cognitive function than those who use one language more than the other. Methods: We used data from waves one (1992/93) to eight (2012/13) of the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. At baseline, participants were asked what language they usually use across communicative contexts. We based dual language on participants' use of Spanish and English within and across contexts. We categorized participants as low (n = 1,145), medium (n = 717), and high (n = 702) dual-language users. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the association between dual-language use, baseline Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, and change in MMSE. Results: Participants in the medium and high dual-language use categories scored 1.91 points and 3.03 points higher at wave one compared to the low dual-language use category. Adjusting for education reduced the association between dual-language use and baseline MMSE (medium B = 0.99 SE = 0.19 p < 0.01; high B = 1.41 SE = 0.21 p < 0.01). The association between dual-language use and decline in the MMSE was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Greater dual-language use was associated with higher MMSE scores but not change in MMSE scores among Mexican Americans aged 65 and older. Future work should characterize bilingualism with greater nuance and use more rigorous cognitive measures to identify the components of the bilingual experience that may benefit the cognitive functioning of older adult bilinguals.


Asunto(s)
Cognición , Americanos Mexicanos , Humanos , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Anciano , Femenino , Cognición/fisiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Pruebas de Estado Mental y Demencia , Lenguaje , Multilingüismo
13.
Soc Sci Med ; 351: 116982, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38788427

RESUMEN

Mexicans in the United States have been reported to maintain practices of Mexican traditional medicine at comparably higher rates than most other populations, including other Latino sub-groups. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the pre- and post-migration traditional medicine practices of first-generation immigrants from Mexico living in southern Arizona. Our objective was to assess how migration affected Mexican immigrants' ethnomedical practices and to better understand the mechanisms and motivating factors for the post-migration maintenance of practice. We designed a survey instrument based off prior qualitative data on traditional medicine practices and translated it into Spanish. The survey measured the rates and frequency of six domains of lay healing practices: herbal medicine, healing foods, self-medication with over-the-counter medicine, and three types of specialty healers (curandero/a, and sobador/a, or partero/a), and asked questions about knowledge sources, reasons for maintaining practice post-migration, and to what extent participants believed the remedies were effective. The research team fielded the telephone-based survey from April 2022 to February 2023 to 300 first-generation adult Mexican immigrants residing in southern Arizona. A series of proportions tests were conducted to examine differences in reliance on lay healing pre- and post-migration as well as to assess differences between women's and men's lay practices. The data indicate a general, but moderated decline in lay medical practices post-migration, with the usage of expert healers declining at much higher rates than the three self-care domains. Women tend to use herbal medicine and healing foods at higher rates than men post-migration. This cross-sectional quantitative study confirms prior research indicating that traditional medicine practices are heavily relied upon by Mexican origin people both pre- and post-migration. These findings suggest that public health messaging and medical providers should better address and harness Mexican immigrants' lay medical practices in order to optimize health in this population.


Asunto(s)
Medicina Tradicional , Humanos , Arizona , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Medicina Tradicional/estadística & datos numéricos , Medicina Tradicional/métodos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , México/etnología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Anciano , Pueblos de América del Norte
14.
Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being ; 19(1): 2348894, 2024 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38733143

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: This study sought to understand family functioning surrounding weight in Mexican American women with obesity. METHODS: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with mothers and adult daughters (N = 116). RESULTS: Thematic analysis identified five themes. 1) The communication process drives perception of supportive messages. Messages perceived as non-supportive consist of directives as interventions, confirmation of faults, and critical compliments whereas supportive consist of compliments, encouragement, empathetic listening, and disclosure. 2) Acculturation differences interfere with intergenerational alliance. Differences involve dissonance in communication, behavioural expectations, and weight-related practices. 3) Maladaptive conflict responses contribute to relational strain. These responses include avoidance, withdrawal, and defensiveness. 4) Role transformations alter the generational hierarchical relationship. Daughters serve as role models, caregivers, or collaborators. 5) Low communal coping heightens psychological distress. It does so by challenging family roles, increasing social isolation, and compromising social support. CONCLUSION: Obesity interventions for Mexican American women may benefit from targeting relational skills to improve family functioning.


Asunto(s)
Adaptación Psicológica , Americanos Mexicanos , Madres , Obesidad , Apoyo Social , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Aculturación , Comunicación , Relaciones Familiares/psicología , Relaciones Intergeneracionales , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Madres/psicología , Obesidad/psicología , Obesidad/etnología , Investigación Cualitativa
15.
Dev Psychol ; 60(8): 1401-1416, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38573660

RESUMEN

This study adopts a cultural ecological perspective to examine how cumulative effects of external transcultural and cultural strengths are related to baseline and changes in three markers of Mexican-origin adolescents' self-growth (i.e., resilience, life meaning, and discipline). Using a three-wave longitudinal data set (5 years) of 604 adolescents, cumulative strengths (CS) was calculated, and growth curve analyses showed a similar pattern of findings for both transcultural and cultural cumulative strengths models: Adolescents with higher CS showed higher baseline resilience, life meaning, and discipline. While there were no significant associations between adolescents' CS scores and the increase in resilience, adolescents with higher CS scores showed steeper declines in life meaning and discipline (although these declines were no longer significant for cultural CS when transcultural and cultural CS were simultaneously tested in the same model). The findings emphasize a cultural ecological understanding of Mexican-origin youths' positive development from early to later adolescence. They also provide support for a CS model and have implications for positive psychology theories. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Asunto(s)
Americanos Mexicanos , Resiliencia Psicológica , Humanos , Adolescente , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Longitudinales , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Desarrollo del Adolescente/fisiología , Niño , Conducta del Adolescente/etnología , Conducta del Adolescente/psicología
16.
Prog Community Health Partnersh ; 18(1): 131-139, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38661834

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Behavioral models play a key role in identifying pathways to better health and provide a foundation for health promotion interventions. However, behavioral models based in epidemiological research may be limited in relevance and utility in practice. OBJECTIVES: We describe a participatory approach within a community-based participatory research partnership for integrating epidemiological and community perspectives into the application of the sociocultural resilience model (SRM). The SRM posits that cultural processes have a symbiotic relationship with health-promoting social processes, which contribute to the health advantages among Mexicanorigin and other Latinx populations. METHODS: Community action board members engaged with academic partners to interpret and apply the SRM to a community-clinical linkages intervention implemented in the context of three U.S.-Mexico border communities. In a two-day workshop, partners engaged in a series of iterative discussions to reach common definitions and measures for SRM constructs. RESULTS: Partners described daily cultural processes as the food they eat, how they communicate, and a collectivist approach to getting things done. For intervention activities, the partners opted for intergenerational storytelling, sharing of food, and artistic forms of expression. Partners included measures of cultural nuances such as border identity and the complexities that often arise from navigating bicultural norms. CONCLUSIONS: Collaborative approaches within community-based participatory research partnerships can facilitate the adaptation and measurement of conceptual health behavior models in community practice.


Asunto(s)
Investigación Participativa Basada en la Comunidad , Humanos , Investigación Participativa Basada en la Comunidad/métodos , Estados Unidos , México/etnología , Promoción de la Salud/métodos , Promoción de la Salud/organización & administración , Resiliencia Psicológica , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Hispánicos o Latinos/psicología , Femenino , Relaciones Comunidad-Institución
17.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord ; 53(4): 180-189, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38663362

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) has been linked with overall health, and this study will evaluate whether NSES is cross-sectionally associated with cognition in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) and Mexican Americans (MAs) from the Health and Aging Brain: Health Disparities Study (HABS-HD). METHODS: The HABS-HD is a longitudinal study conducted at the University of North Texas Health Science Center. The final sample analyzed (n = 1,312) were 50 years or older, with unimpaired cognition, and underwent an interview, neuropsychological examination, imaging, and blood draw. NSES was measured using the national area deprivation index (ADI) percentile ranking, which considered socioeconomic variables. Executive function and processing speed were assessed by the trail making tests (A and B) and the digit-symbol substitution test, respectively. Linear regression was used to assess the association of ADI and cognitive measures. RESULTS: MAs were younger, more likely to be female, less educated, had higher ADI scores, performed worse on trails B (all p < 0.05), and had lower prevalence of APOE4 + when compared to NHWs (p < 0.0001). A higher percentage of MAs lived in the most deprived neighborhoods than NHWs. For NHWs, ADI did not predict trails B or DSS scores, after adjusting for demographic variables and APOE4. For MAs, ADI predicted trails A, trails B, and DSS after adjusting for demographic covariates and APOE4 status. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that living in an area of higher deprivation was associated with lower cognitive function in MAs but not in NHWs, which is important to consider in future interventions to slow cognitive decline.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Función Ejecutiva , Americanos Mexicanos , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Clase Social , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Envejecimiento/psicología , Cognición/fisiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Disparidades en el Estado de Salud , Estudios Longitudinales , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Características del Vecindario , Velocidad de Procesamiento , Características de la Residencia , Texas/epidemiología , Blanco/psicología
18.
Explore (NY) ; 20(5): 102997, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38582711

RESUMEN

Hispanics are 18.7 % of the U.S. population, and people of Mexican origin are 61.4 % of that Hispanic community. National health surveys indicate that utilization of traditional medicine among Hispanics is low compared to non-Hispanic Whites. However, many researchers have described their use in Hispanic populations as commonplace. OBJECTIVE: This review analyzed studies about traditional healing practices from Mexico (THPM) used by women of Mexican origin in the U.S. for a greater understanding of traditional health practices within U.S. communities of Mexican origin. DATA SOURCES: Journal databases were searched for studies between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2020. STUDY SELECTION: The Whittemore and Knafl and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methods were used to analyze the studies. DATA EXTRACTION: Seven themes emerged: A) foundations, B) medical pluralism, C) non-disclosure and patient satisfaction, D) remedies and rituals, E) healers, F) affinity, and G) what clinicians need to know. Four subthemes were identified: G1) cultural sensitivity, G2) communication skills, G3) leveraging the influence of THPM, and G4) scientific inquiry. DATA SYNTHESIS: U.S. women of Mexican origin reported continued use of THPM for health promotion, influenced by their understanding of health and illness, community ties, and personal experiences. Study authors recommended strategies for improving patient-provider communication and understanding patients' use of traditional health and healing practices. CONCLUSION: Further explorations of THPM are needed to build awareness of culturally-tied health beliefs and behaviors that improve medical care experiences and quality for Hispanics of Mexican origin.


Asunto(s)
Medicina Tradicional , Americanos Mexicanos , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional/estadística & datos numéricos , Medicina Tradicional/métodos , Femenino , México/etnología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Estados Unidos , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos
19.
J Subst Use Addict Treat ; 163: 209359, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38677598

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Hispanics report higher rates of problematic alcohol use compared to non-Hispanic Whites while also reporting lower rates of alcohol treatment utilization compared to non-Hispanics. The study employs Anderson's Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization Model to guide the exploration of alcohol use, help-seeking and healthcare utilization. METHODS: The present qualitative study explored help-seeking and alcohol treatment utilization for Hispanic men of Mexican ethnicity. A total of 27 participants (Mage = 35.7, SD = 10.82) completed a semi-structured interview that explored the treatment experiences and underlying psychological mechanisms that shaped their help-seeking. RESULTS: Through a thematic content analysis, the following themes emerged: 1) perceiving need with subthemes of familismo, role as protector and provider, and positive face; 2) predisposing beliefs on help-seeking; and 3) treatment experiences and elements of patient satisfaction with subthemes of monetized treatment, respect, and perceiving professional stigma. CONCLUSIONS: The findings in this article may assist in improving strategies for increasing alcohol treatment utilization among men of Mexican ethnicity. By exploring beliefs, values, and experiences health researchers can develop culturally informed intervention strategies.


Asunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Americanos Mexicanos , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/etnología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/psicología , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/etnología , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/psicología , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Investigación Cualitativa , Persona de Mediana Edad , Conducta de Búsqueda de Ayuda , Alcoholismo/etnología , Alcoholismo/psicología , Alcoholismo/terapia , Satisfacción del Paciente/etnología
20.
Nurs Res ; 73(3): 203-215, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38652692

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Health disparities in osteoarthritis (OA) outcomes exist both in the occurrence and treatment of functional limitation and disability for Mexican Americans. Although the effect of self-management of chronic illness is well established, studies demonstrate little attention to self-management of function or disability, despite the strong potential effect on both and, consequently, on patients' lives. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study pilot was to develop and test key variable relationships for a measure of disability self-management among Mexican Americans. METHODS: In this sequential, two-phased, mixed-methods, biobehavioral pilot study of Mexican American women and men with OA, a culturally tailored measure of disability self-management was created, and initial relationships among key variables were explored. RESULTS: First, a qualitative study of 19 adults of Mexican American descent born in Texas (United States) or Mexico was conducted. The Mexican American Disability Self-Management Scale was created using a descriptive content analysis of interview data. The scale was tested and refined, resulting in 18 items and a descriptive frequency of therapeutic management efforts. Second, correlations between study variables were estimated: Disability and function were negatively correlated. Disability correlated positively with social support and activity effort. Disability correlated negatively with disability self-management, pain, and C-reactive protein. Function was positively correlated with age, pain, and depression. Liver enzymes (alanine transaminase) correlated positively with pain and anxiety. DISCUSSION: This mixed-methods study indicates directions for further testing and interventions for disability outcomes among Mexican Americans.


Asunto(s)
Personas con Discapacidad , Americanos Mexicanos , Osteoartritis , Automanejo , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Personas con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Personas con Discapacidad/rehabilitación , Americanos Mexicanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Americanos Mexicanos/psicología , Osteoartritis/etnología , Osteoartritis/terapia , Proyectos Piloto , Investigación Cualitativa , Autocuidado/estadística & datos numéricos , Autocuidado/métodos , Autocuidado/psicología , Automanejo/métodos , Texas
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