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1.
Prep Biochem Biotechnol ; 52(1): 70-79, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33941018

RESUMEN

The newly isolated Burkholderia gladioli BRM58833 strain was shown to secrete an alkaline lipase highly active and stable in organic solvents. Lipase production was optimized through the cultivation of the strain by solid-state fermentation in wheat bran. The lipase extraction conditions were also optimized. The low-cost extract obtained has shown a high hydrolytic activity of 1096.7 ± 39.3 U·gds-1 (units per gram of dry solids) against pNPP and 374.2 ± 20.4 U·gds-1 against triolein. Proteomic analysis revealed the optimized extract is composed of two esterases and three true lipases, showing a preference for long-chain substrates. The highest activity was obtained at 50 °C and pH 9. However, the extract maintained more than 50% of its maximum activity between pH 8.0 and 10.0 and throughout the whole temperature range evaluated (32-70 °C). The enzymes were inhibited by SDS, EDTA, ZnSO4 and FeCl3 and activated by FeSO4, MgCl2 and BaCl2. The lipases conserved their activity when incubated in solvents as acetonitrile, diethyl ether, n-heptane n-hexane, toluene, methanol and t-butanol. The resistance of these lipases to solvents and expressive thermostability when compared to other lipases, reveal their potential both in hydrolysis reactions and in synthesis of esters.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Burkholderia gladioli/metabolismo , Lipasa/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/aislamiento & purificación , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Estabilidad de Enzimas , Fermentación , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Hidrólisis , Lipasa/aislamiento & purificación , Proteómica , Especificidad por Sustrato
2.
J Med Microbiol ; 69(8): 1105-1113, 2020 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32597748

RESUMEN

Introduction. Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria, currently consisting of 23 closely related species, and Burkholderia gladioli, can cause serious and difficult-to-treat infections in people with cystic fibrosis. Identifying Burkholderia bacteria to the species level is considered important for understanding epidemiology and infection control, and predicting clinical outcomes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS (MALDI-TOF) is a rapid method recently introduced in clinical laboratories for bacterial species-level identification. However, reports on the ability of MALDI-TOF to accurately identify Bcc to the species level are mixed.Aim. The aim of this project was to evaluate the accuracy of MALDI-TOF using the Biotyper and VITEK MS systems in identifying isolates from 22 different Bcc species and B. gladioli compared to recA gene sequencing, which is considered the current gold standard for Bcc.Methodology. To capture maximum intra-species variation, phylogenetic trees were constructed from concatenated multi-locus sequence typing alleles and clustered with a novel k-medoids approach. One hundred isolates representing 22 Bcc species, plus B. gladioli, were assessed for bacterial identifications using the two MALDI-TOF systems.Results. At the genus level, 100 and 97.0 % of isolates were confidently identified as Burkholderia by the Biotyper and VITEK MS systems, respectively; moreover, 26.0 and 67.0 % of the isolates were correctly identified to the species level, respectively. In many, but not all, cases of species misidentification or failed identification, a representative library for that species was lacking.Conclusion. Currently available MALDI-TOF systems frequently do not accurately identify Bcc bacteria to the species level.


Asunto(s)
Burkholderia cepacia/aislamiento & purificación , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción , Animales , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana/métodos , Burkholderia cepacia/clasificación , Burkholderia gladioli/clasificación , Análisis por Conglomerados , ADN Bacteriano/química , ADN Bacteriano/aislamiento & purificación , Análisis de Fourier , Humanos , Tipificación de Secuencias Multilocus , Filogenia , Rec A Recombinasas/genética , Alineación de Secuencia
3.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 29(7): 1043-1052, 2019 Jul 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31353877

RESUMEN

Active lipase-producing bacterium Burkholderia gladioli Bps-1 was rapidly isolated using a modified trypan blue and tetracycline, ampicillin (TB-TA) plate. The electro-phoretically pure enzyme was obtained by purification using ethanol precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The molecular weight was 34.6 kDa and the specific activity was determined to be 443.9 U/mg. The purified lipase showed the highest activity after hydrolysis with p-NPC16 at a pH of 8.5 and 50°C, and the Km, kcat, and kcat/Km values were 1.05, 292.95 s-1 and 279 s-1mM-1, respectively. The lipase was highly stable at 7.5 ≤ pH ≤ 10.0. K+ and Na+ exerted activation effects on the lipase which had favorable tolerance to short-chain alcohols with its residual enzyme activity being 110% after being maintained in 30% ethanol for 1 h. The results demonstrated that the lipase produced by the strain B. gladioli Bps-1 has high enzyme activity and is an alkaline lipase. The lipase has promising chemical properties for a range of applications in the food-processing and detergent industries, and has particularly high potential for use in the manufacture of biodiesel.


Asunto(s)
Burkholderia gladioli/enzimología , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Lipasa/metabolismo , Biocatálisis , Biocombustibles , Burkholderia gladioli/crecimiento & desarrollo , Burkholderia gladioli/metabolismo , Medios de Cultivo , Detergentes , Estabilidad de Enzimas , Etanol/metabolismo , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Hidrólisis , Cinética , Lipasa/química , Lipasa/aislamiento & purificación , Peso Molecular , Especificidad por Sustrato , Temperatura
5.
Clin Infect Dis ; 66(9): 1400-1406, 2018 04 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29155976

RESUMEN

Background: On 9 January 2015, in a rural town in Mozambique, >230 persons became sick and 75 died of an illness linked to drinking pombe, a traditional alcoholic beverage. Methods: An investigation was conducted to identify case patients and determine the cause of the outbreak. A case patient was defined as any resident of Chitima who developed any new or unexplained neurologic, gastrointestinal, or cardiovascular symptom from 9 January at 6:00 am through 12 January at 11:59 pm. We conducted medical record reviews, healthcare worker and community surveys, anthropologic and toxicologic investigations of local medicinal plants and commercial pesticides, and laboratory testing of the suspect and control pombe. Results: We identified 234 case patients; 75 (32%) died and 159 recovered. Overall, 61% of case patients were female (n = 142), and ages ranged from 1 to 87 years (median, 30 years). Signs and symptoms included abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and generalized malaise. Death was preceded by psychomotor agitation and abnormal posturing. The median interval from pombe consumption to symptom onset was 16 hours. Toxic levels of bongkrekic acid (BA) were detected in the suspect pombe but not the control pombe. Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans, the bacteria that produces BA, was detected in the flour used to make the pombe. Conclusions: We report for the first time an outbreak of a highly lethal illness linked to BA, a deadly food-borne toxin in Africa. Given that no previous outbreaks have been recognized outside Asia, our investigation suggests that BA might be an unrecognized cause of toxic outbreaks globally.


Asunto(s)
Bebidas Alcohólicas/microbiología , Ácido Bongcréquico/aislamiento & purificación , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades Transmitidas por los Alimentos/mortalidad , Incidentes con Víctimas en Masa/mortalidad , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Preescolar , Brotes de Enfermedades , Femenino , Harina/microbiología , Enfermedades Transmitidas por los Alimentos/microbiología , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mozambique/epidemiología , Población Rural , Adulto Joven
6.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28674053

RESUMEN

We tested the activities of ceftolozane-tazobactam and 13 other antimicrobial agents against 221 strains of Burkholderia cepacia complex and Burkholderia gladioli Most strains (82%) were cultured from persons with cystic fibrosis, and most (85%) were recovered since 2011. The ceftolozane-tazobactam MIC was ≤8 µg/ml for 77% of the strains. However, the MIC range was broad (≤0.5 to >64 µg/ml; MIC50/90, 2/32 µg/ml). Significant differences in susceptibility to some antimicrobial agents were observed between species.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/tratamiento farmacológico , Complejo Burkholderia cepacia/efectos de los fármacos , Burkholderia gladioli/efectos de los fármacos , Cefalosporinas/farmacología , Ácido Penicilánico/análogos & derivados , Inhibidores de beta-Lactamasas/farmacología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/microbiología , Complejo Burkholderia cepacia/aislamiento & purificación , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Fibrosis Quística/microbiología , Combinación de Medicamentos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Ácido Penicilánico/farmacología , Tazobactam
7.
Forensic Sci Int ; 270: e5-e11, 2017 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27823840

RESUMEN

In January 2015, 75 people died and 177 were hospitalized in the Mozambique village of Chitima after attending a funeral. The deaths were linked to the consumption of a traditional African beverage called pombe. Samples of the suspect pombe were subjected to myriad analyses and compared to a control sample. Ultimately, non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry screening revealed the presence of the potent toxin bongkrekic acid, and its structural isomer, isobongkrekic acid. Quantitative analysis found potentially fatal levels of these toxins in the suspect pombe samples. Bongkrekic acid is known to be produced by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli pv. cocovenenans. This bacterium could not be isolated from the suspect pombe, but bacteria identified as B. gladioli were isolated from corn flour, a starting ingredient in the production of pombe, obtained from the brewer's home. When the bacteria were co-plated with the fungus Rhizopus oryzae, which was also isolated from the corn flour, synergistic production of bongkrekic acid was observed. The results suggest a mechanism for bongkrekic acid intoxication, a phenomenon previously thought to be restricted to specific regions of Indonesia and China.


Asunto(s)
Cerveza/efectos adversos , Ácido Bongcréquico/toxicidad , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Ácido Bongcréquico/análisis , Burkholderia gladioli/patogenicidad , Cromatografía Liquida , Brotes de Enfermedades , Harina/microbiología , Humanos , Espectrometría de Masas , Mozambique
8.
J Microbiol Methods ; 120: 1-5, 2016 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26319185

RESUMEN

The plant pathogens Burkholderia glumae, Burkholderia gladioli pv. gladioli, and Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. zeae were directly detected in extracts from infected rice seedlings by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). This method did not require culturing of the pathogens on artificial medium. In the MALDI-TOF MS analysis, peaks originating from bacteria were found in extracts from infected rice seedlings. The spectral peaks showed significantly high scores, in spite of minor differences in spectra. The spectral peaks originating from host plant tissues did not affect this direct MALDI-TOF MS analysis for the rapid identification of plant pathogens.


Asunto(s)
Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Burkholderia/aislamiento & purificación , Dickeya chrysanthemi/aislamiento & purificación , Oryza/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/microbiología , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción/métodos , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Burkholderia/clasificación , Burkholderia/patogenicidad , Burkholderia gladioli/clasificación , Burkholderia gladioli/patogenicidad , Dickeya chrysanthemi/clasificación , Dickeya chrysanthemi/patogenicidad , Oryza/química , Plantones/microbiología
9.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 34(8): 1533-7, 2015 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25926303

RESUMEN

Burkholderia gladioli was described as a plant pathogen, and it is a rare cause of infection in humans that is primarily associated with human pulmonary infections, such as chronic granulomatous disease and cystic fibrosis. The neonatal respiratory system is not fully developed and cannot expel bacterial aerosol properly. A total of 2,676 newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively analysed in Putian City, Fujian Province, China, from 2011 to 2014. All of the blood samples were tested for C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and white blood cell (WBC). B. gladioli infections were determined and analysed using a blood culture system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the K-B method. Of the 2,676 participants, 87 (3.25 %) had a positive B. gladioli blood culture that occurred >72 h after birth, including a premature group (54.0 %, asphyxia [vs. 9.20 %], fever [vs. 13.80 %], pneumonia [vs. 6.90 %] and hyperbilirubinaemia [vs. 8.05 %]) and newborns with necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) (vs. 5.75 %). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the CRP level was 12.31 ± 0.26 mg/L and that of the PCT level was 1.53 ± 0.21 ng/ml in the 87 B. gladioli-infected newborns. Most of the B. gladioli isolates were sensitive to many antimicrobial agents and did not lead to serious consequences. All of the B. gladioli-infected newborns were unhealthy, especially the premature infants. B. gladioli might be a causative bacteraemia agent in neonates, it appears to have pathogenic potential in newborns and its sensitivity to antibiotics may be a beneficial factor.


Asunto(s)
Bacteriemia/epidemiología , Sangre/microbiología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/epidemiología , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Bacteriemia/patología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/microbiología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/patología , Burkholderia gladioli/efectos de los fármacos , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estudios Retrospectivos
10.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis ; 77(2): 174-5, 2013 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23886791

RESUMEN

We report a case of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related peritonitis. Burkholderia gladioli, as a plant pathogen, were cultured from peritoneal effluent. Peritonitis healed after intraperitoneal cefazolin and gentamicin. This case indicated that CAPD effluent may be contaminated by B. gladioli, causing CAPD-related peritonitis. On the other hand, it can be successfully treated with intraperitoneal antimicrobials without removal of the Tenckhoff catheter.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/patología , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Peritonitis/microbiología , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Diálisis Peritoneal Ambulatoria Continua/efectos adversos
11.
Indian J Med Res ; 135(5): 666-71, 2012 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22771597

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Drug resistant microbes are a serious challenge to human health. During the search for novel antibiotics/inhibitors from the agricultural soil, a bacterial colony was found to inhibit the growth of clinical isolates including Staphylococcus (resistant to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, clinafloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin and methicillin) and Candida (resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole). The culture was identified as Burkholderia gladioli and produced at least five different antimicrobial compounds which were highly stable at high temperature (121 o C) and in the broad pH range (3.0-11.0). We report here the antimicrobial activity of B. gladioli against drug resistant bacterial pathogens. METHODS: The bacterial culture was identified using morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques. The antimicrobial activity of the identified organism against a range of microbial pathogens was checked by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial compounds in the cell free supernatant were chloroform-extracted and separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC). RESULTS: B. gladioli OR1 exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against drug resistant clinical isolates belonging to various genera of bacteria (Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter and Citrobacter) and a fungus (Candida). Based on TLC profile and bioautography studies, the chloroform extract of B. gladioli OR1 consisted of at least three anti-staphylococcal and two anti-Candida metabolites. The antimicrobial activity was heat stable (121 o C/20 min) as well as pH stable (3.0-11.0). INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: The bacterial soil isolate, B. gladioli OR1 possessed the ability to kill various drug resistant bacteria and a fungus. This organism produced many antimicrobial metabolites which might have the potential to be used as antibiotics in future.


Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/metabolismo , Burkholderia gladioli/metabolismo , Microbiología del Suelo , Antiinfecciosos/administración & dosificación , Burkholderia gladioli/genética , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Candida/patogenicidad , Pruebas Antimicrobianas de Difusión por Disco , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Calor , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Staphylococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus/patogenicidad
12.
Eur J Pediatr ; 171(10): 1503-9, 2012 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22648018

RESUMEN

UNLABELLED: Burkholderia gladioli is a rare cause of bacteremia and sepsis in the absence of such predisposing factors as chronic granulomatous disease, cystic fibrosis, and immunosuppression. Little is known about B. gladioli infection in newborns. The aim of this study was to present the features of B. gladioli infection in newborns. Clinicopathological characteristics, patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility, predisposing factors, and outcomes of B. gladioli bloodstream infection were retrospectively analyzed in newborns treated between 2008 and 2011. During the 3-year study period, B. gladioli was isolated from the blood cultures of 14 patients (3.7 per 1,000 admissions). In all, 5 (35.7 %) of the 14 cases had a positive blood culture at the time of initial admission. Primary diagnoses in the neonates were severe major congenital anomalies, congenital leukemia, prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, and parapneumonic pleural effusion. In total, 10 (71.4 %) of the patients underwent ≥2 invasive procedures. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 21.4 %, whereas the mortality rate due to B. gladioli infection was 7 %. CONCLUSION: B. gladioli might be a causative microorganism of both early neonatal and nosocomial sepsis in newborns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on B. gladioli infection in newborns. Invasive procedures and severe major congenital anomalies may be predisposing factors for B. gladioli bloodstream infection in neonates. Although it appears to have low pathogenic potential and an insidious clinical course in newborns, resistance to antibiotics may be a potential problem. Mortality was primarily associated with underlying diseases.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/complicaciones , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Sepsis/microbiología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Burkholderia/mortalidad , Burkholderia gladioli/patogenicidad , Infección Hospitalaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sepsis/tratamiento farmacológico , Sepsis/mortalidad , Turquía
13.
Tuberk Toraks ; 60(1): 52-5, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22554367

RESUMEN

Congenital isolated pleural effusion, a non-specific accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, is an uncommon anomaly which can be associated with structural malformations, inflammatory or iatrogenic problems, genetic syndromes or fetal hydrops. Here, we present two neonates with isolated congenital pleural effusion, one of which was associated with Down syndrome and the other with empyema and bloodstream infection caused by Burkholderia gladioli septicemia. We wanted to discuss the diagnosis and management of this rare clinical entity.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/complicaciones , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Síndrome de Down/complicaciones , Derrame Pleural/congénito , Derrame Pleural/diagnóstico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Burkholderia/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Burkholderia/terapia , Síndrome de Down/diagnóstico , Drenaje , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Derrame Pleural/etiología , Derrame Pleural/terapia , Resultado del Tratamiento
14.
Transpl Infect Dis ; 14(4): E13-8, 2012 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22429703

RESUMEN

Data describing the risk of lung transplantation (LT), clinical features, and outcomes of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) infected with Burkholderia gladioli are limited. Herein, we report a case of disseminated B. gladioli infection characterized by bacteremia, necrotizing pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema in a lung transplant recipient with CF, highlight the importance of accurate microbiological identification, and review published outcomes of LT in CF patients infected with B. gladioli, which include cases of pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, bacteremia, and abscesses, and demonstrate an all-cause 1-year mortality of approximately 23%, often after combined medical and surgical treatment.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/diagnóstico , Burkholderia gladioli/clasificación , Fibrosis Quística/microbiología , Errores Diagnósticos , Flavobacteriaceae/clasificación , Trasplante de Pulmón/efectos adversos , Adulto , Infecciones por Burkholderia/microbiología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/fisiopatología , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Fibrosis Quística/complicaciones , Resultado Fatal , Flavobacteriaceae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Flavobacteriaceae/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Flavobacteriaceae/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino
15.
Transpl Infect Dis ; 13(6): 641-5, 2011 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21504528

RESUMEN

Burkholderia gladioli is difficult to definitively identify within the laboratory using phenotypic testing alone. We describe a case of recurrent B. gladioli infection in a lung transplant recipient with underlying hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome, discuss the difficulties encountered with laboratory identification, provide a review of the methodology required for definitive identification, and discuss potential pathophysiologic mechanisms in this patient responsible for the difficulty in treatment.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/diagnóstico , Trasplante de Pulmón , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Infecciones por Burkholderia/complicaciones , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas del Sistema Complemento/inmunología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/complicaciones , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/inmunología , Síndrome , Vasculitis Sistémica/complicaciones , Vasculitis Sistémica/inmunología , Urticaria/complicaciones , Urticaria/inmunología
16.
J Clin Microbiol ; 47(5): 1510-6, 2009 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19297595

RESUMEN

Burkholderia gladioli, primarily known as a plant pathogen, is involved in human infections, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In the present study, the first respiratory isolates recovered from 14 French patients with CF and 4 French patients without CF, identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis, were tested for growth on B. cepacia selective media, for identification by commercial systems, and for their antimicrobial susceptibilities, and were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Patients' data were collected. All 18 isolates grew on oxidation-fermentation-polymyxin B-bacitracin-lactose medium and Pseudomonas cepacia agar, but only 13 grew on Burkholderia cepacia selective agar. API 20NE strips did not differentiate B. gladioli from B. cepacia, whereas Vitek 2 GN cards correctly identified 15 isolates. All isolates were susceptible to piperacillin, imipenem, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin and were far less resistant to ticarcillin than B. cepacia complex organisms. Fifteen PFGE types were observed among the 18 isolates, but shared types were not identified among epidemiologically related patients. The microbiological follow-up of CF patients showed that colonization was persistent in 3 of 13 documented cases; B. gladioli was isolated from posttransplantation cultures of blood from 1 patient. Among the patients without CF, B. gladioli was associated with intubation (three cases) or bronchiectasis (one case). In summary, the inclusion of B. gladioli in the databases of commercial identification systems should improve the diagnostic capabilities of those systems. In CF patients, this organism is more frequently involved in transient infections than in chronic infections, but it may be responsible for complications posttransplantation; patient-to-patient transmission has not been demonstrated to date. Lastly, B. gladioli appears to be naturally susceptible to aminoglycosides and ciprofloxacin, although resistant isolates may emerge in the course of chronic infections.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/microbiología , Burkholderia gladioli/clasificación , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Burkholderia gladioli/efectos de los fármacos , Burkholderia gladioli/metabolismo , Niño , Preescolar , Análisis por Conglomerados , Fibrosis Quística/complicaciones , Dermatoglifia del ADN , ADN Bacteriano/genética , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Femenino , Francia , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Adulto Joven
17.
J Clin Microbiol ; 46(7): 2445-9, 2008 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18434558

RESUMEN

We report two cases of protracted keratitis complicated by corneal ulcer. Burkholderia gladioli, primarily known as a plant pathogen, was cultured from corneal swabs. The epithelial defects healed after extended adequate antibiotic therapy. Despite identical patterns of both strains in restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, a common infection source was not detectable.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/microbiología , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Úlcera de la Córnea/microbiología , Queratitis/complicaciones , Queratitis/microbiología , Adolescente , Anciano , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Úlcera de la Córnea/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatoglifia del ADN , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Genotipo , Humanos , Queratitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción
18.
J Cyst Fibros ; 6(4): 267-73, 2007 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17137846

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The impact of infection with Burkholderia gladioli in cystic fibrosis, other chronic airway diseases and immunosuppressed patients is unknown. METHODS: A six-year retrospective review of all patients with B. gladioli infection was performed in a tertiary referral center with cystic fibrosis and lung transplantation programs. In addition, a targeted survey of all 251 lung transplant recipients was performed. Available B. gladioli isolates were analyzed via pulsed field gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients were culture positive for B. gladioli, including 33 CF patients. No bacteremia was identified. Isolates were available in 18 patients and all were genetically distinct. Two-thirds of these isolates were susceptible to usual anti-pseudomonal antibiotics. After acquisition, only 40% of CF patients were chronically infected (> or =2 positive cultures separated by at least 6 months). Chronic infection was associated with resistance to > or =2 antibiotic groups on initial culture and failure of eradication after antibiotic therapy. The impact of acquisition of B. gladioli infection in chronic infection was variable. Three CF patients with chronic infection underwent lung transplantation. One post-transplant patient developed a B. gladioli mediastinal abscess, which was treated successfully. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients' culture positive for B. gladioli at our center have CF. B. gladioli infection is often transient and is compatible with satisfactory post-lung transplantation outcomes.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/epidemiología , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Fibrosis Quística/complicaciones , Trasplante de Pulmón , Unidades de Cuidados Respiratorios/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Infecciones por Burkholderia/complicaciones , Infecciones por Burkholderia/microbiología , Niño , Infección Hospitalaria/complicaciones , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Fibrosis Quística/cirugía , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Estados Unidos/epidemiología
19.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 24(9): 837-9, 2005 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16148855

RESUMEN

We describe a case of insidious small bone osteomyelitis and soft tissue abscess with Burkholderia gladioli in a 6-year-old Caucasian boy with chronic granulomatous disease. DNA sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene confirmed the bacterial identification. Clinical cure was achieved with a combination of antimicrobial therapy and surgical debridement. A review of infections caused by Burkholderia spp., other than Burkholderia cepacia complex, in pediatric patients with chronic granulomatous disease is provided.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/diagnóstico , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedad Granulomatosa Crónica/diagnóstico , Osteomielitis/complicaciones , Osteomielitis/diagnóstico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Burkholderia/complicaciones , Infecciones por Burkholderia/tratamiento farmacológico , Niño , Estudios de Seguimiento , Enfermedad Granulomatosa Crónica/complicaciones , Enfermedad Granulomatosa Crónica/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Osteomielitis/tratamiento farmacológico , ARN Ribosómico 16S/análisis , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del Tratamiento
20.
Comp Med ; 54(1): 93-9, 2004 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15027624

RESUMEN

An athymic nude mouse with severe head tilt due to otitis media was identified. Within weeks of identification of this first case, immune-deficient mice of various genotypes from the same facility were similarly affected, and cases from other facilities were found within two months. Culture of ear exudate specimens from affected mice yielded bacteria that were initially identified as Burkholderia cepacia, a plant pathogen considered an important opportunistic pathogen in persons with cystic fibrosis or chronic granulomatous disease. Several of these isolates, however, were subsequently identified as B. gladioli on the basis of results of biochemical analysis and a species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Genotyping analysis revealed clonality among the isolates, indicating a shared strain among affected mice. A 16S rDNA-based PCR assay specific for the genera Burkholderia and Ralstonia, and a selective culture medium were used in efforts to characterize the epidemiology of this outbreak. In addition to culture of specimens from the oropharyngeal cavity of affected mice, samples were obtained from the environment, feces, sipper tubes, drinking water, and soiled bedding from cages of affected individuals. Burkholderia gladioli was most consistently detected in oropharyngeal swab specimens from affected mice. The PCR assay was equivalent to selective culture in identifying mice in the carrier state that did not have clinical signs of infection. However, neither detection method had sufficient sensitivity to reliably identify all carrier mice, causing the organism to persist at low levels unless entire colonies of immune-deficient mice were removed. The organism was highly resistant to antibiotic therapy. The source and epidemiology of this organism remain unknown. This epizootic serves as an important reminder that immunocompromised rodent colonies may harbor important human opportunistic pathogens.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Burkholderia/veterinaria , Burkholderia gladioli/aislamiento & purificación , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Otitis Media Supurativa/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Roedores/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Roedores/microbiología , Animales , Infecciones por Burkholderia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/microbiología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/patología , Burkholderia gladioli/genética , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , ADN Ribosómico/análisis , Oído Interno/microbiología , Oído Interno/patología , Oído Medio/microbiología , Oído Medio/patología , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Otitis Media Supurativa/epidemiología , Otitis Media Supurativa/microbiología , Otitis Media Supurativa/patología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Enfermedades de los Roedores/patología , Virginia/epidemiología
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