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1.
Inflammopharmacology ; 31(5): 2631-2640, 2023 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37420144

RESUMEN

Licania rigida Benth., a Brazilian endemic plant, has been traditionally used for treating inflammation and stomach pain. This work investigates the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities of the ethanolic extract from L. rigida seeds (EELr) by in vitro and in vivo methods. The phytochemical profile was determined and the in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated by radical scavenging and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances methods. The ovalbumin denaturation method was used with sodium diclofenac as standard for the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity assessment. Acetylsalicylic acid was used to induce gastric ulcers in male mice and then to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic gastroprotective effect of EELr, using omeprazole as the reference drug. The extract exhibited relevant amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, in particular, demonstrating in vitro antioxidant capacity. EELr was able to inhibit almost 60% of ovalbumin denaturation at a concentration considered low. It also prevented the decrease of biochemical markers for oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the stomach and SOD and catalase (CAT) in the liver. EELr also significantly decreased the number of lesions as well as reduced the ulcerated area when used as therapy. The observed effect may be due to its phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and tannins, as previously reported. EELr is a potential source of compounds with anti-inflammatory activity, protects the liver from oxidative damage and improves healing of aspirin-induced ulcers. This work contributes to the knowledge of L. rigida species.


Asunto(s)
Antiulcerosos , Chrysobalanaceae , Úlcera Gástrica , Ratas , Ratones , Animales , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Úlcera Gástrica/inducido químicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamiento farmacológico , Fitoterapia , Chrysobalanaceae/química , Ovalbúmina/farmacología , Ratas Wistar , Antiulcerosos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Etanol/química , Aspirina/farmacología , Semillas , Superóxido Dismutasa , Mucosa Gástrica
2.
BMC Complement Med Ther ; 23(1): 153, 2023 May 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37165388

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Natural products are an important source of bioproducts with pharmacological properties. Here we investigate the components of leaves from M. tomentosa Benth. (Fritsch) (Chrysobalanaceae) and its effects on bacterial cell growth, biofilm production and macrophage activity. METHODS: The effect of the different leaf extracts against bacterial cell growth was performed using the microdilution method. The most active extract was analyzed by mass spectrometry, and its effect on bacterial biofilm production was evaluated on polystyrene plates. The extract effect on macrophage activity was tested in the RAW264.7 cell line, which was stimulated with different concentrations of the extract in the presence or absence of LPS. RESULTS: We show that the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract was the most effective against bacterial cell growth. EtOAc extract DI-ESI (-)MSn analysis showed the presence of a glycosylated flavonoid tentatively assigned as myricetin 3-O-xylosyl-rhamnoside (MW 596). Also, the EtOAc extract increased biofilm formation by S. aureus and inhibited cytokine and NO production induced by LPS in RAW macrophages. CONCLUSION: M. tomentosa flavonoid-enriched EtOAc extract presented a bactericidal and anti-inflammatory pharmacological potential.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae , Flavonoides , Flavonoides/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Staphylococcus aureus , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Bacterias
3.
Bioorg Chem ; 138: 106614, 2023 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37216893

RESUMEN

The inflammatory response is a vital mechanism for repairing damage induced by aberrant health states or external insults; however, persistent activation can be linked to numerous chronic diseases. The nuclear factor kappa ß (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway and its associated mediators have emerged as critical targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating inflammation, necessitating ongoing drug development. Previous studies have reported the inhibitory effect of a hydroethanol extract derived from Parinari excelsa Sabine (Chrysobalanaceae) on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), but the phytoconstituents and mechanisms of action remained elusive. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the phytochemical composition of P. excelsa stem bark and its role in the mechanisms underpinning its biological activity. Two compounds were detected via HPLC-DAD-ESI(Ion Trap)-MS2 analysis. The predominant compound was isolated and identified as naringenin-8-sulphonate (1), while the identity of the second compound (compound 2) could not be determined. Both compound 1 and the extract were assessed for anti-inflammatory properties using a cell-based inflammation model, in which THP-1-derived macrophages were stimulated with LPS to examine the treatments' effects on various stages of the NF-κB pathway. Compound 1, whose biological activity is reported here for the first time, demonstrated inhibition of NF-κB activity, reduction in interleukin 6 (IL-6), TNF-α, and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1ß) production, as well as a decrease in p65 nuclear translocation in THP-1 cells, thus highlighting the potential role of sulphur substituents in the activity of naringenin (3). To explore the influence of sulphation on the anti-inflammatory properties of naringenin derivatives, we synthesized naringenin-4'-O-sulphate (4) and naringenin-7-O-sulphate (5) and evaluated their anti-inflammatory effects. Naringenin derivatives 4 and 5 did not display potent anti-inflammatory activities; however, compound 4 reduced IL-1ß production, and compound 5 diminished p65 translocation, with both exhibiting the capacity to inhibit TNF-α and IL-6 production. Collectively, the findings demonstrated that the P. excelsa extract was more efficacious than all tested compounds, while providing insights into the role of sulphation in the anti-inflammatory activity of naringenin derivatives.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae , FN-kappa B , Humanos , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Chrysobalanaceae/metabolismo , Corteza de la Planta/metabolismo , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología
4.
Molecules ; 27(19)2022 Sep 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36234829

RESUMEN

Licania rigida Benth has been evaluated as an alternative drug to treat diseases associated with inflammatory processes. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous and hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of L. rigida with inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides in in vitro and in vivo inflammation models. The phytochemical profile of the extracts, analyzed by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, revealed the presence of gallic and ellagic acids in both extracts, whereas isovitexin, ferulate, bulky amino acids (e.g., phenylalanine), pheophorbide, lactic acid, and pyridoxine were detected in the hydroalcoholic extract. The extracts displayed the ability to modulate in vitro and in vivo inflammatory responses, reducing approximately 50% of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion (TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6), and inhibiting both NO production and leukocyte migration by approximately 30 and 40% at 100 and 500 µg/mL, respectively. Overall, the results highlight and identify, for the first time, the ability of L. rigida leaf extract to modulate inflammatory processes. These data suggest that the leaf extracts of this plant have potential in the development of herbal formulations for the treatment of inflammation.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae , Aminoácidos , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/metabolismo , Interleucina-6 , Ácido Láctico/efectos adversos , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Fenilalanina , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Piridoxina , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
5.
Food Res Int ; 155: 111082, 2022 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35400458

RESUMEN

Among several extracts from species from Guinea-Bissauan flora, the hydroethanol extract obtained from the leaves of gingerbread plum (Neocarya macrophylla (Sabine) Prance ex F. White.) revealed to be one of the most cytotoxic towards human gastric AGS carcinoma cells. Considering the increasing use of N. macrophylla in the food industry and the abundant biomass of agricultural wastes being generated, the identification of phenolic bioactives has been attained by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn and UHPLC-ESI/QTOF/MSn. Twenty-seven phenolic constituents were identified for the first time in the monotypic genus Neosartorya, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid being detected as the major constituent (4.90 ± 0.20 mg g-1 dry extract). While 15 flavan-3-ols derivatives were determined, the extract is predominantly characterized by the occurrence of quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin and chrysoeriol glycosides. Typical apoptotic changes in gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells upon exposure to N. macrophylla leaf extract were observed. The apoptotic cell death is mediated by the activation of the mitochondrial pathway, as loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was detected, as well as increased caspase-9 and -3 activities. The industrial relevance of this plant material, along with the data presented here on the potential anticancer effects of N. macrophylla and the efficient extraction of phenolic bioactives using water and ethanol (GRAS substance), calls for further research on the leaves as a potential functional food and/or ingredient.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma , Chrysobalanaceae , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Humanos , Fenoles/análisis , Fenoles/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Polifenoles/farmacología , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray
6.
Molecules ; 27(4)2022 Feb 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35209101

RESUMEN

Two new ursane-type triterpenoids, named Polyanside A (1) and B (2), along with eleven known compounds (3-13), were isolated and elucidated from Maranthes polyandra (Benth.) Prance. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on chemical evidence and multiple spectroscopic data. Isolated compounds were evaluated for anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicity on a normal human cell line (BJ). None of them showed activity and cytotoxicity. The hexane fraction was analyzed by GC-MS, resulting in the identification of forty-one compounds. This is the first comprehensive study on the phytochemistry of M. polyandra.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae/química , Fitoquímicos/análisis , Fitoquímicos/química , Fraccionamiento Químico , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación
7.
Gigascience ; 122022 12 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37470496

RESUMEN

Vigna reflexo-pilosa (créole bean) is a wild legume belonging to the subgenus Ceratoropis and is widely distributed in Asia. Créole bean is the only tetraploid species in the genus Vigna, and it has been shown to derive from the hybridization of Vigna hirtella and Vigna trinervia. In this study, we combined the long-read PacBio technology with the chromatin contact mapping (Hi-C) technique to obtain a chromosome-level assembly of V. reflexo-pilosa. The final assembly contained 998,724,903 bases with an N50 length of 42,545,650 bases. Our gene prediction recovered 99.4% of the highly conserved orthologs based on the BUSCO analysis. To investigate homoeolog expression bias and expression level dominance in the tetraploid, we also sequenced and assembled the genomes of its progenitors. Overall, the majority of the homoeolog pairs (72.9%) displayed no expression bias, and among those that exhibited biased expression, 16.3% showed unbalanced homoeolog expression bias toward the V. trinervia subgenome. Moreover, 41.2% and 36.2% of the expressed gene pairs exhibited transgressive expression and expression level dominance, respectively. Interestingly, the genome-wide expression level dominance in the tetraploid was biased toward the V. trinervia subgenome. The analysis of methylation patterns also revealed that the average methylation levels in coding regions were higher in the V. hirtella subgenome than those in the V. trinervia subgenome. The genomic/transcriptomic resources for these three species are useful not only for the development of elite cultivars in Vigna breeding programs but also to researchers studying comparative genomics and investigating genomic/epigenomic changes following polyploid events.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae , Fabaceae , Vigna , Vigna/genética , Chrysobalanaceae/genética , Tetraploidía , Fitomejoramiento , Fabaceae/genética , Genoma de Planta
8.
J Med Food ; 25(1): 97-109, 2022 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34714151

RESUMEN

This study was conducted to evaluate the phenolic composition, toxicity, and antimicrobial activity of Licania rigida Benth, an underexploited wild Licania species. L. rigida leaf fractions (ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate) were analyzed for their phenolic compound and flavonoid total, and high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet spectra chromatographic profiles. Regarding the extract biological effects, toxicity was measured by acute oral toxicity in Wistar rats, MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method, and apoptosis indicators with DAPI in VERO cells, whereas well-agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays were applied to evaluate the antimicrobial ability. The phytochemical analysis resulted in significant amounts of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids in the extract and fraction, with flavonol-3-O-glycosylates as the main constituent. Regarding the extract and fraction antimicrobial activity, the results showed a significant effect against gram-positive bacteria and fungi, among which Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida krusei displayed more susceptibility. No toxicity effects were observed in animals. Concerning the cytotoxicity assay, only the highest dose tested exhibited a minimal toxic effect on the analyzed cell lines. These results are relevant considering the increase of multiresistant microorganisms to conventional treatments applied. Therefore, investigating the pharmacological properties of the genus Licania is promising in the search for new sources of antimicrobial compounds.


Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , Chrysobalanaceae , Animales , Antibacterianos , Antiinfecciosos/toxicidad , Antioxidantes , Chlorocebus aethiops , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Células Vero
9.
J Toxicol Environ Health A ; 85(7): 276-290, 2022 04 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34789080

RESUMEN

Brazilian plant biodiversity is a rich alternative source of bioactive compounds since plant-derived extracts and/or their secondary metabolites exhibit potential properties to treat several diseases. In this context, Licania rigida Benth (Chrysobalanaceae Family), a large evergreen tree distributed in Brazilian semi-arid regions, deserves attention for its widespread use in popular medicine, although its biological properties are still poorly studied. The aim of this study was to examine (1) acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity at 2000 mg/kg dose; (2) in vitro cytotoxicity at 0.1; 1; 10; 100 or 1000 µg/ml; (3) in vivo mutagenicity at 5, 10 or 20 mg/ml, and (4) potential antioxidant protective effect of L. rigida aqueous leaf extract of (AELr). No marked apparent toxic and genotoxic effects were observed using in vitro and in vivo assays after in vitro treatment of Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO-K1) with AELr or in vivo exposure of Wistar rats and Drosophila melanogaster to different extract concentrations. Concerning the antioxidant effect, the extract exhibited a protective effect by decreasing lipid peroxidation as determined by malondialdehyde levels. No significant changes were observed for glutathione (GSH) levels and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Data demonstrate the beneficial potential of AELr to be employed for therapeutic purposes. However, further studies are required to validate the pharmacological application of this plant extract to develop as a phytotherapeutic formulation.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Animales , Brasil , Células CHO , Cricetulus , Drosophila melanogaster , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Hojas de la Planta/química , Plantas Medicinales/toxicidad , Ratas Wistar
10.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 58: e19558, 2022. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394032

RESUMEN

Abstract Licania macrophylla is a medicinal plant from the Amazon. It is mainly used in the form of a decoction and has been reported to contain several phenolic compounds. However, the effect of seasonality on the phenolic composition and antioxidant potential of this plant has not been well studied, especially in the Amazon region, an area affected by the rainy and less-rainy seasons. Therefore, we evaluated the seasonality of these aromatic compounds and the antioxidant potential of the extracts from L. macrophylla stem bark. We also determined the correlation between the extraction methods used and precipitation levels during each period for 1 year. The total flavonoid and phenolic content, DPPH-scavenging potential, percentage of phosphomolybdenum complex reduction, and iron-reducing power were quantified. The levels of phenolic compounds were the highest in June, whereas those of flavonoids were the highest in September and October; however, these differences were not significant. The extracts from April, November, and June showed the best results for DPPH scavenging, phosphomolybdenum reduction, and iron reduction power, respectively. Significant differences in the phenolic content and DPPH-scavenging activity were observed between the more- and less-rainy seasons. The total phenolic content was positively correlated with FRAP and DPPH, whereas flavonoid levels were negatively correlated.


Asunto(s)
Plantas Medicinales/efectos adversos , Estaciones del Año , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Chrysobalanaceae/clasificación , Compuestos Fenólicos , Antioxidantes/análisis , Equipos de Medición de Riesgos
12.
J Integr Med ; 19(1): 13-19, 2021 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33097429

RESUMEN

The genus Chrysobalanus is one of the classes of medicinal plants used in the treatment and management of several diseases. This study is aimed at providing up-to-date information on the phytochemical composition and pharmacological uses of Chrysobalanus icaco. Current literature on the Chrysobalanus species was obtained by searching electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Of the species in this genus, four have been reported in the literature, but only one (C. icaco) has been extensively studied. C. icaco is rich in several minerals, including potassium, magnesium, calcium and sodium. The plant also contains a host of phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, diterpenes and triterpenes, which have been shown to have pharmacological activity. It can be concluded that C. icaco is a good source of phytochemicals that contribute to its therapeutic uses. However, bioassay-guided isolation of its bioactive compounds is necessary for promoting the development of drugs from this medicinal plant.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales , Chrysobalanaceae/química , Etnofarmacología , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química
13.
J Asian Nat Prod Res ; 23(8): 789-795, 2021 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32614662

RESUMEN

A new prenylated coumestan, campylohirtin A (1), along with fifteen phenolic known compounds (2‒16) and four other known compounds (17‒20), was obtained from the 95% ethanol extract of roots of Campylotropis hirtella. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis (1 D and 2 D-NMR, MS, UV and IR). In vitro antimalarial activities of compounds 1-3, 5-14 and 16 were evaluated by ß-hematin formation inhibition assay. Compared with the positive control chloroquine diphosphate, compounds 8, 11 and 16 exhibited strong antimalarial activity with the IC50 values of 69.9, 33.2 and 75.4 µM, respectively. Compounds 1-3, 5-7 and 12 showed moderate antimalarial activities with IC50 values ranging from 134.6 µM to 578.6 µM.[Formula: see text].


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae , Fabaceae , Cumarinas , Estructura Molecular , Raíces de Plantas
14.
Nutr Hosp ; 37(4): 763-769, 2020 Aug 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32686442

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Objective: the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Chrysobalanus icaco on adiposity and its mechanism of action in the gene and protein expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), a key enzyme in lipogenesis. Method: Wistar rats were divided into a regular or control group (CG) and a high-fat diet (HFD) group. HFD was treated with saline or aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) for four weeks. Body weight and food intake were assessed. Subcutaneous, retroperitoneal and periepididymal adipose tissue samples were collected and weighed. Adipocytes from periepididymal tissue were isolated and analyzed. The gene and protein expression of ACC in subcutaneous tissue was determined. Results: AECI showed no effect on intake or body weight. However, the weight of the fat pads and the gene and protein expression of ACC were lower, and glucose tolerance was improved. Conclusion: the aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco proved beneficial for the treatment of obesity, preventing fat storage and improving glycemic homeostasis.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos del extracto acuoso de Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) en la adiposidad y su mecanismo de acción en la expresión génica y proteica de la acetil-CoA-carboxilasa (ACC), una enzima clave para la lipogénesis. Métodos: se usaron ratones macho Wistar que se asignaron a una dieta estándar de control (CG) o a una rica en grasa (HFD). La HFD se trató con solución salina o con extracto acuoso de Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) durante cuatro semanas. Se evaluaron el peso corporal y el consumo alimentario. Se aislaron y analizaron muestras de tejido adiposo subcutáneo, retroperitoneal y periepididímico. Se determinó la expresión génica y proteica de ACC en el tejido subcutáneo. Resultados: el AECI no mostró ningún efecto sobre la ingesta de alimento y tampoco sobre el peso corporal. Sin embargo, el tratamiento con AECI redujo el peso de los tejidos adiposos y la expresión génica y proteica de ACC, y mejoró también la tolerancia a la glucosa. Conclusión: Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) resultó ser beneficioso para el tratamiento de la obesidad, previniendo el almacenamiento de grasa y mejorando la homeostasis glucémica.


Asunto(s)
Adiposidad/efectos de los fármacos , Chrysobalanaceae , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Acetil-CoA Carboxilasa/biosíntesis , Acetil-CoA Carboxilasa/genética , Adiposidad/genética , Animales , Peso Corporal , Expresión Génica , Ratas , Ratas Wistar
15.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol ; 113: 104643, 2020 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32199870

RESUMEN

Chrysobalanus icaco L. is a native plant of Brazil used as a food source and traditionally for the treatment of various diseases. The aim of study was performed the phytochemical analysis by UPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, and evaluated acute and repeated dose oral toxicities of the C. icaco L. leaf aqueous extract (AECi). The acute toxicity study was performed using a dose of AECi 2000 mg/kg, while the repeated dose toxicity study, the AECi was administered daily at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, for 28 days. Behavior and mortality of animals were observed during the test period and body weight, as well water and eating consumption. Hematological, biochemical parameters and histopathological examinations were carried out. Phytochemical analysis of the AECi revealed the presence of flavonoids and tannins. Oral single dose of 2000 mg/kg of AECi resulted in no mortalities or abnormal clinical signs. Studies of repeated dose toxicity promoted a reduction in the body weight of treated animals and an increase of hepatic enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in both, males and females. Histopathological analyzes showed alterations in the livers of animals treated with AECi. Thus, this study recommends the population take care when using this species, especially during prolonged periods.


Asunto(s)
Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Chrysobalanaceae/química , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Fitoquímicos/toxicidad , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Hojas de la Planta/química , Administración Oral , Animales , Femenino , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , Ratones , Fitoquímicos/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Pruebas de Toxicidad Aguda , Pruebas de Toxicidad Subaguda , Agua/química
16.
Food Chem ; 313: 126117, 2020 May 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31951881

RESUMEN

Licania tomentosa is a Brazilian plant species that produces edible fruits, yet there is little information available concerning their nutritional and/or bioactive composition. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and polyphenol composition of L. tomentosa fruits (pulp and seeds) and measure antioxidant activity in ethanolic extracts.The pulp and seeds were excellent sources of fiber (25.62%-41.70%) as well as minerals and vitamins. L. tomentosa contained no lectins or protease inhibitors (chymotrysin and trypsin) and 12 polyphenol compounds were identified in the seed extracts with a predominance of flavonoids. The seeds also presented antioxidant activities using the DPPH (SC5010.30-15.87 µg/mL), TBARS (IC50 18.46-20.84 µg/mL), and FRAP (RC50 0.203-0.309 µg/mL) assays. Due to its nutrient and antioxidant content, L. tomentosa may be used for food applications.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/química , Chrysobalanaceae/química , Valor Nutritivo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Brasil , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Chrysobalanaceae/metabolismo , Flavonoides/química , Harina/análisis , Frutas/química , Frutas/metabolismo , Polifenoles/análisis , Polifenoles/química , Inhibidores de Proteasas/análisis , Inhibidores de Proteasas/química , Semillas/química , Semillas/metabolismo , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray
17.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 140: 294-302, 2019 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31422188

RESUMEN

Several plants have been studied for their medicinal properties, especially concerning the management of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, aiming at a more accessible form of treatment. In this context, the aim of this study was to characterize plant proteins used in folk medicine as hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes, namely "abajerú" (Chrysobalanus icaco) and "cow's paw" (Bauhinia forficata and Bauhinia variegata). The species were differentiated by proteome characterization. Proteins were in-solution digested using trypsin by the filter-assisted sample preparation (FASP) method. Peptides were then analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for protein characterization. In total, 131 proteins were identified. The main biological functions of these proteins were cellular respiration, transport, metabolism and photosynthesis. Insulin-like proteins were not detected, but proteins involved in controlling glucose levels were. The results are of value in the proteomic characterization of phytotherapeutic plants, and may serve as baseline for the assessed species in Brazil, where a lack of knowledge in this regard is observed.


Asunto(s)
Bauhinia/metabolismo , Chrysobalanaceae/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Proteoma , Brasil , Cromatografía Liquida , Geografía , Hipoglucemiantes/química , Medicina Tradicional , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Plantas Medicinales , Proteómica , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
18.
Complement Ther Med ; 45: 254-261, 2019 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31331571

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the systemic anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Licania rigida Benth (EHFLR) on models of systemic inflammation in mice. METHODS: The quantitative chemical profiles of phenolic acids and flavonoids were performed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Systemic anti-inflammatory activity was determined from carrageenan and dextran-induced paw edema models and the animals were orally treated (p.o.) with EHFLR at doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg, indomethacin (10 mg/kg) for carrageenan-induced paw edema and promethazine (6 mg/kg) for dextran-induced paw edema. The possible mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory action of the extract were evaluated by the paw edema models induced by histamine and arachidonic acid, and by the model of carrageenan-induced peritonitis, where vascular permeability and leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity were evaluated. RESULTS: The results of the HPLC identified the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids, with chlorogenic acid (1.16%) and Caempferol (0.81%) as the main constituents. From the results, it was concluded that the extract has an LD50 ≥5000 mg/kg when administered orally in mice as this dose did not trigger deaths in any of the observed groups. EHFLR (25 mg/kg) showed a significant antiderematogenic effect on histamine and arachidonic acid-induced paw edema at the third hour of the tests, with a percentage of inhibition of 46.64% and 18.33%, respectively. The extract (25 mg/kg, p.o.) also significantly reduced vascular permeability and leukocyte migration in the peritoneal cavity. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that EHFLR exerts a systemic anti-inflammatory action, which seems to depend, at least in part, on the inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism and the action of vasoactive amines. In addition, the extract reduced the leukocyte migration in the peritoneal cavity, indicating that its action may be linked to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Chrysobalanaceae/química , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Carragenina/farmacología , Edema/inducido químicamente , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Flavonoides/farmacología , Hidroxibenzoatos/farmacología , Masculino , Ratones , Peritonitis/inducido químicamente , Peritonitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Fitoterapia/métodos , Hojas de la Planta/química
19.
Anal Chem ; 91(16): 10413-10423, 2019 08 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31313915

RESUMEN

Flavonoids represent an important class of natural products with a central role in plant physiology and human health. Their accurate annotation using untargeted mass spectrometry analysis still relies on differentiating similar chemical scaffolds through spectral matching to reference library spectra. In this work, we combined molecular network analysis with rules for fragment reactions and chemotaxonomy to enhance the annotation of similar flavonoid glyconjugates. Molecular network topology progressively propagated the flavonoid chemical functionalization according to collision-induced dissociation (CID) reactions, as the following chemical attributes: aglycone nature, saccharide type and number, and presence of methoxy substituents. This structure-based distribution across the spectral networks revealed the chemical composition of flavonoids across intra- and interspecies and guided the putatively assignment of 64 isomers and isobars in the Chrysobalanaceae plant species, most of which are not accurately annotated by automated untargeted MS2 matching. These proof of concept results demonstrate how molecular networking progressively grouped structurally related molecules according to their product ion scans, abundances, and ratios. The approach can be extrapolated to other classes of metabolites sharing similar structures and diagnostic fragments from tandem mass spectrometry.


Asunto(s)
Chrysobalanaceae/química , Flavonoides/aislamiento & purificación , Glicoconjugados/aislamiento & purificación , Glicósidos/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Chrysobalanaceae/metabolismo , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/clasificación , Glicoconjugados/química , Glicoconjugados/clasificación , Glicósidos/química , Glicósidos/clasificación , Glicosilación , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray
20.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 220: 26-34, 2018 Jun 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29551451

RESUMEN

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Parinari kerstingii Engl. extract is traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation, bronchopneumonia, feverish pains, and breast cancer. However, there have not been any scientific reports regarding the medicinal properties of this plant, and no experiments have been done to ascertain the safety of the extract. AIM OF THE STUDY: The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of Parinari kerstingii Engl. extracts as an herbal remedy and to investigate its anti-inflammatory potential in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley albino male rats were used in these experiments. 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg of body weight doses of Parinari kerstingii Engl. water extract (PKWE) were used for a 14 day toxicity study. For the anti-inflammatory studies, the carrageenan-induced paw edema model was used to investigate the effect of four fractions of Parinari kerstingii Engl. ethanol extract [petroleum ether (fraction A), ethyl acetate (fraction B), n -butanol (fraction C) and water (fraction D)] on the paw size of rats and to investigate the inhibitory effects of Parinari kerstingii Engl. water (PKWE) and Parinari kerstingii Engl. ethanol extract (PKEE). RESULTS: The administration of 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of body weight doses of Parinari kerstingii Engl. water extract showed no sign of toxicity. However, the 600 mg/kg of body weight dose showed a very significant increase in creatinine concentration. All the fractions of Parinari kerstingii Engl. extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects, as shown by a significant reduction in carrageenan-induced paw edema and by a significant decrease in the production of IL-1, TNF-α, COX-2, NF-кB, and PGE2. Moreover, fraction A and B showed enhanced in vivo anti-inflammatory effects compared to aspirin. Furthermore, PKEE was demonstrated to be more effective than PKWE. CONCLUSION: We present the first report on the plant Parinari kerstingii Engl. Based on our findings, PKWE at a dose of up to 300 mg/kg of body weight for 14 days is considered safe, and our anti-inflammatory results support its traditional use. Overall, Parinari kerstingii Engl. has been demonstrated to be a potential drug candidate. Thus, further experiments, such as isolation/structural elucidation of the phytochemicals and biological screening of this plant, need to be done.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Chrysobalanaceae/química , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios/aislamiento & purificación , Aspirina/farmacología , Carragenina , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Edema/patología , Inflamación/patología , Masculino , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Solventes/química
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