Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 673
Filtrar
1.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi ; 60(8): 695-699, 2024 Aug 11.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39085160

RESUMEN

A 40-year-old man presented with recurrent ocular surface masses in his left eye persisting for over a year. Despite undergoing resection of the conjunctival mass and receiving anti-inflammatory treatment at another hospital, the mass reappeared within a week post-surgery. Over the past 6 months, the mass gradually increased in size, accompanied by a decline in vision. Following conjunctival mass excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, histopathological examination revealed a fungal infection of the conjunctiva, resulting in a diagnosis of fungal conjunctivitis and conjunctival granuloma in the left eye. The patient received systemic antifungal medications and local therapy, resulting in a stable condition with no recurrence of the mass.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/diagnóstico , Conjuntiva/patología , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/microbiología , Recurrencia , Conjuntivitis/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Granuloma/diagnóstico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico
2.
Vet Microbiol ; 296: 110195, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39067144

RESUMEN

Pinkeye is a highly contagious disease of goats with different aetiologies. Surveys in Lao PDR have identified eye lesions typical of pinkeye as a common condition, however, this has not been confirmed diagnostically, and the responsible pathogens have not been identified. A matched case-control study was implemented in 70 goat holdings from Savannakhet province, Lao PDR, to detect agents causing pinkeye and conduct phylogenetic analysis of the identified pathogens. Fifty eye swabs from goats with infected eyes (cases) and 50 paired samples from unaffected cohorts (controls) were collected from 25 holdings. Samples were tested using quantitative PCR assays targeting known pinkeye pathogens at the genus and species levels. The prevalence of pathogens in case and control goats was as follows: Mycoplasma conjunctivae (94% and 74% respectively, P = 0.006, OR = 5.5), Chlamydia pecorum (4%, 10%), Moraxella ovis (30%, 30%), Moraxella bovis (0%, 0%) and Moraxella bovoculi (0%, 0%). M. conjunctivae was present in a high proportion of goats in both groups revealing that Lao goats are carriers of M. conjunctivae. However, the mean log10 genome copy number/µL of DNA extract was significantly higher in case goats than control goats (P < 0.05). Thus, M. conjunctivae is likely the principal causative agent of pinkeye in Lao goats with carrier status converting to clinical infection following corneal damage or other causative factors. M. conjunctivae detected in samples from different goats and districts showed low genetic diversity. Identifying the causes of pinkeye in Lao goats will assist in designing appropriate treatment and control strategies.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Cabras , Cabras , Filogenia , Animales , Enfermedades de las Cabras/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Cabras/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Laos/epidemiología , Conjuntivitis/veterinaria , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Moraxella/aislamiento & purificación , Moraxella/genética , Mycoplasma conjunctivae/genética , Mycoplasma conjunctivae/aislamiento & purificación , Chlamydia/aislamiento & purificación , Chlamydia/genética , Chlamydia/clasificación , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/veterinaria , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/microbiología , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/epidemiología
4.
Res Vet Sci ; 166: 105109, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38103533

RESUMEN

Chlamydia (C.) suis, a zoonotic intracellular bacterium, is described as a causative agent for conjunctivitis, particularly in nursery and fattening pigs. Chlamydiaceae are claimed to survive drying and to persist in dust. The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of Chlamydia in dust sampled in a fattening pig farm with a high appearance of chlamydial-induced conjunctivitis. Dust was collected and stored at room temperature. To evaluate bacterial load and survival over time, quantitative PCR (Chlamydiaceae, C. suis) and isolation in cell culture were performed every week for up to 16 weeks. While qPCR results remained highly positive with consistent bacterial loads between 103 and 104 copy numbers/100 µL eluate over a period of 16 weeks and even after 40 weeks, it was not possible to isolate Chlamydia except for the initial sample. These results show only short-term viability of C. suis in dust. This is an important information regarding reduction of chlamydial loads in pig farms and risk for pigs and people to get infected via dust.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Chlamydia , Chlamydia , Conjuntivitis , Enfermedades de los Porcinos , Porcinos , Animales , Infecciones por Chlamydia/veterinaria , Polvo , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/microbiología
5.
JAMA Ophthalmol ; 141(12): 1140-1144, 2023 Dec 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37917077

RESUMEN

Importance: Acute infectious conjunctivitis is a common ocular condition with major public health consequences. Objective: To assess regional variations and microbial etiologies of acute infectious conjunctivitis to guide treatment. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this cross-sectional study, patients with presumed acute infectious conjunctivitis were enrolled in the study at 5 sites (Honolulu, Hawaii; Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego, California; and Petah-Tikva, Israel) from March 2021 to March 2023. Patients with allergic or toxic conjunctivitis were excluded. Main Outcomes and Measures: Pathogens were identified by unbiased RNA deep sequencing. Results: In all, 52 patients (mean [range] age, 48 [7-80] years; 31 females [60%]) were enrolled at 5 sites (6 patients from Honolulu, 9 from San Diego, 11 from Los Angeles, 13 from San Francisco, and 13 from Petah-Tikva). RNA deep sequencing detected human adenovirus species D in one-quarter of patients (13 of 52). A wide range of pathogens, including human coronavirus 229E, SARS-CoV-2, and herpes simplex virus type 1, was also identified, as well as several bacteria and fungi. Moreover, 62% (32 of 52) of patients presented with purulent discharge, while only 8% (4 of 52) of patients had confirmed bacterial pathogens. Conclusion and Relevance: In this cross-sectional study, pathogens associated with acute infectious conjunctivitis varied between all 5 sites in the US and Israel. Purulent discharge was a common presenting sign in this study, with a low specificity for bacteria-associated conjunctivitis, suggesting that further diagnostic workup may be necessary to inform antibiotic stewardship. Additional research on cost-effectiveness of using RNA deep sequencing is needed to ascertain whether it is better to monitor patients clinically until resolution of disease.


Asunto(s)
Conjuntivitis , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Bacterias , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Estudios Transversales , Enfermedad Aguda , Vigilancia en Salud Pública
6.
Chemotherapy ; 68(4): 228-232, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37231886

RESUMEN

Neisseria meningitidis represents an uncommon pathogen of acute bacterial conjunctivitis. In this brief report, we describe a case of meningococcal conjunctivitis in an immunocompetent adult male, with a review of the literature. The patient went to the outpatient ophthalmology clinic complaining of severe ocular discomfort, burning, and redness for more than 2 weeks and, at slit lamp examination, he was diagnosed with a mild conjunctivitis. Microbiology cultures of ocular swabs revealed the growth of colonies, as pure culture, identified as N. meningitidis of serogroup B. A diagnosis of primary meningococcal conjunctivitis was made and treatment of patient with intramuscular injections of ceftriaxone in addition to topical moxifloxacin eye drops for 2 weeks led to clinical improvement and, finally, to a complete recovery, in accordance with microbiological findings. Ophthalmologists must be aware of the possibility of primary meningococcal conjunctivitis cases, even uncommon, and the need to treat with systemic antibiotics and their close contacts with adequate antibiotic chemoprophylaxis.


Asunto(s)
Conjuntivitis Bacteriana , Conjuntivitis , Infecciones Meningocócicas , Neisseria meningitidis , Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones Meningocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Meningocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Meningocócicas/microbiología , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/tratamiento farmacológico , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/microbiología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Conjuntivitis/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Conjuntivitis/microbiología
8.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 165(1): 59-63, 2023 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36562747

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: In a guinea pig herd with 26 breeding animals, several individuals of all age categories died (16/26) after three animals had been newly introduced from another herd. Furthermore, the population suffered of apathy, anorexia, severe weight loss and conjunctivitis, as well as abortions and stillbirths. At the same time, the owner experienced a SARS-CoV-2 infection with pneumonia, which was confirmed by taking a PCR test. Chlamydia caviae was detected from the conjunctiva and vagina/uterus in one juvenile animal together with an intestinal Cryptosporidium wrairi infection. Oocysts were found histologically in the small intestine, which was confirmed by PCR. C. wairi is a parasite adapted to guinea pigs with zoonotic potential, which causes diarrhoea with frequent deaths in larger guinea pig herds. C. caviae is also a zoonotic pathogen and often the cause of conjunctivitis, pneumonia and abortions in guinea pigs and can lead to upper respiratory tract disease, conjunctivitis but also severe pneumonia in humans. The increased death cases and the clinical signs could be traced back to an infection with Cryptosporidium wrairi, complicated by a co-infection of C. caviae. We suspect that the abortions were caused by C. caviae, but since the population was treated with various antibiotics effective against chlamydial infections, it was no longer possible to verify this by PCR testing. Unfortunately, more animals succumbed and finally only two animals of the originally 26 were left. With this case report, we would like to point out to veterinarians that guinea pigs can be an important source of zoonotic infections for various pathogens, especially since they are popular pets and often come into close contact with children where hygiene might not always be strictly followed.


INTRODUCTION: Dans un groupe de cobayes de 26 animaux reproducteurs, plusieurs individus de toutes les catégories d'âge sont morts (16/26) après l'introduction de trois animaux provenant d'un autre groupe. En outre, la population a souffert d'apathie, d'anorexie, de perte de poids sévère et de conjonctivite ainsi que d'avortements et de mortinatalité. La présence de Chlamydia caviae a pu être détectée dans la conjonctive et le vagin/utérus d'un animal juvénile, ainsi qu'une infection intestinale à Cryptosporidium wrairi. Des oocystes ont été trouvés histologiquement dans l'intestin grêle, ce qui a été confirmé par PCR. C. wairi est un parasite adapté aux cobayes avec un potentiel zoonotique, qui provoque des diarrhées avec des morts fréquentes dans les grands groupes de cobayes. C. caviae est également un agent pathogène zoonotique et est souvent à l'origine de conjonctivites, de pneumonies et d'avortements chez les cobayes ; il peut entraîner des maladies des voies respiratoires supérieures, des conjonctivites mais aussi des pneumonies graves chez l'homme. L'augmentation des cas de décès et les signes cliniques pourraient être attribués à une infection par Cryptosporidium wrairi, compliquée par une co-infection par C. caviae. Nous soupçonnons que les avortements ont été causés par C. caviae, mais comme la population a été traitée avec divers antibiotiques efficaces contre les infections à chlamydia, il n'était plus possible de le vérifier par des tests PCR. Malheureusement, d'autres animaux ont succombé et il ne restait finalement que deux animaux sur les 26 d'origine. Avec ce rapport de cas, nous aimerions attirer l'attention des vétérinaires sur le fait que les cochons d'Inde peuvent être une source importante d'infections zoonotiques pour divers pathogènes, d'autant plus qu'il s'agit d'animaux de compagnie populaires qui sont souvent en contact étroit avec des enfants avec lesquels l'hygiène n'est pas toujours strictement respectée.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Chlamydia , Conjuntivitis , Criptosporidiosis , Cobayas , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Conjuntivitis/epidemiología , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/parasitología , Conjuntivitis/veterinaria , Criptosporidiosis/epidemiología , Cryptosporidium , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Infecciones por Chlamydia/complicaciones , Infecciones por Chlamydia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Chlamydia/veterinaria , Zoonosis/epidemiología , Zoonosis/microbiología , Zoonosis/parasitología
9.
Vet Ophthalmol ; 26(1): 39-45, 2023 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35657141

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To describe the cytological analysis of conjunctiva from normal camels and camels with bacterial conjunctivitis. ANIMALS STUDIED: This study was conducted on 7 normal camels and 15 camels affected with conjunctivitis. The affected camels had a history of conjunctivitis with signs including chemosis, blepharospasm, frequent blinking, and mild-to-moderate serous, mucoid, or purulent ocular discharge. PROCEDURES: Bacterial swabs were collected from the inferior conjunctival sac of the affected eye without topical anesthetics. Conjunctival smears were obtained from the conjunctival surface for cytological analysis. RESULTS: The cellular analysis of ocular smears revealed a higher percentage of basal cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages in camels with conjunctivitis compared with normal camels. In contrast to this, smears from normal camels showed an increased percentage of superficial epithelial cells compared with affected camels. The microbiological assessment of conjunctival swabs collected from affected animals identified a bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus., Bacillus sp., Streptococcus sp., Enterococcus faecium., Staphylococcus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Coryne pseudotuberculosis., Saprophytica, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulagaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that bacterial conjunctivitis in camels was associated with increased percentages of basal epithelial cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages compared with normal camels, while normal camels showed an increased percentage of superficial epithelial cells compared with affected camels.


Asunto(s)
Conjuntivitis Bacteriana , Conjuntivitis , Animales , Camelus , Conjuntivitis/veterinaria , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Conjuntiva/microbiología , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/microbiología , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/veterinaria , Bacterias , Streptococcus
10.
JAMA ; 327(22): 2231-2237, 2022 06 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35699701

RESUMEN

Importance: Acute infectious conjunctivitis is characterized by ocular redness and discharge, and is a common clinical entity. Evidence-based tools to aid the clinical diagnosis of viral vs bacterial conjunctivitis are lacking and may contribute to overprescribing of topical antibiotics. Objective: To determine the relative prevalence of viral vs bacterial conjunctivitis in adults and children, and to determine which symptoms or signs are suggestive of a viral vs bacterial etiology. Data Sources: A MEDLINE search (January 1946-March 2022) yielded 1891 articles. Included articles were rated using a quality score based on a modified Rational Clinical Examination grading system. Methodological quality levels 1 through 4 required a microbiological reference standard for diagnosis, whereas quality level 5 (the lowest quality) used a clinical reference standard for diagnosis. Study Selection: Consecutive series of patients presenting with acute infectious conjunctivitis and case series of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis alone. Thirty-two studies were included in a meta-analysis to determine prevalence and diagnostic accuracy measures; 27 used a microbiological reference standard for diagnosis and 5 used a clinical reference standard for diagnosis. Results: In studies involving children (5 studies; 881 patients; mean age, 4.7 years [age range, 1 month-18 years]), the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis was higher than viral conjunctivitis (71% vs 16%, respectively, P = .01). In the only study of adults (n = 207 patients; mean age, 25.7 years), the prevalence of viral conjunctivitis was higher than bacterial conjunctivitis (78% vs 16%, respectively, P < .001). For the primary analysis of level 1 (n = 6) and level 2 (n = 5) studies (1725 patients total), the clinical findings that best distinguished a viral etiology for conjunctivitis from a bacterial etiology included pharyngitis (sensitivity range, 0.55-0.58; specificity range, 0.89-0.94; positive likelihood ratio [LR] range, 5.4-9.9), preauricular lymphadenopathy (sensitivity range, 0.17-0.31; specificity range, 0.93-0.94; positive LR range, 2.5-5.6), and contact with another person with red eye (sensitivity, 0.18 [95% CI, 0.14-0.22]; specificity, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.90-0.95]; positive LR, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.6-3.7]). Mucopurulent ocular discharge (sensitivity, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.60-0.87); specificity, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.58-0.73]; positive LR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.7-2.6]) and otitis media (sensitivity, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.20-0.29]; specificity, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.85-0.94]; positive LR, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.5-4.4]) were associated with the presence of bacterial conjunctivitis. Conclusions and Relevance: In this review, bacterial conjunctivitis was more common than viral conjunctivitis in children and viral conjunctivitis was more common than bacterial conjunctivitis in adults, although the prevalence estimates were based on limited evidence. Symptoms and signs associated with a higher likelihood of viral conjunctivitis in adults and children included concomitant pharyngitis, an enlarged preauricular node, and contact with another person with red eye, and signs associated with a higher likelihood of bacterial conjunctivitis included the presence of mucopurulent discharge and otitis media, but no single symptom or sign differentiated the 2 conditions with high certainty.


Asunto(s)
Conjuntivitis Bacteriana , Conjuntivitis Viral , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Infecciones Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Bacterianas/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Conjuntivitis/epidemiología , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/virología , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/complicaciones , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/epidemiología , Conjuntivitis Viral/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis Viral/epidemiología , Humanos , Lactante , Faringitis/complicaciones , Prevalencia , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Supuración/complicaciones
11.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 15(12): e0009993, 2021 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34905535

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is considered an endemic disease among agricultural workers in Okinawa Prefecture, which is the southernmost part of Japan and has a subtropical climate, but data on the current status and trend of this disease are scarce. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a retrospective study of clinically suspected leptospirosis patients whose sample and information were sent to the Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment from November 2003 to December 2020. Laboratory diagnosis was established using culture, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and/or microscopic agglutination test (MAT) with blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and/or urine samples. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the epidemiological information, clinical features, and sensitivities of diagnostic methods among laboratory-confirmed cases. Serogroups and the species of Leptospira isolates were determined by MAT using 13 antisera and flaB sequencing. A total of 531 clinically suspected patients were recruited, among whom 246 (46.3%) were laboratory confirmed to have leptospirosis. Among the confirmed cases, patients aged 20-29 years (22.4%) and male patients (85.7%) were the most common. The most common estimated sources of infection were recreation (44.5%) and labor (27.8%) in rivers. Approximately half of the isolates were of the L. interrogans serogroup Hebdomadis. The main clinical symptoms were fever (97.1%), myalgia (56.3%), and conjunctival hyperemia (52.2%). Headache occurred significantly more often in patients with Hebdomadis serogroup infections than those with other serogroup infections. The sensitivities of culture and PCR exceeded 65% during the first 6 days, while the sensitivity of MAT surpassed that of culture and PCR in the second week after onset. PCR using blood samples was a preferable method for the early diagnosis of leptospirosis. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results of this study will support clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated febrile patients in Okinawa Prefecture as well as patients returning from Okinawa Prefecture.


Asunto(s)
Leptospira/patogenicidad , Leptospirosis/diagnóstico , Leptospirosis/epidemiología , Academias e Institutos , Adulto , Conjuntivitis/epidemiología , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Enfermedades Endémicas , Femenino , Fiebre/epidemiología , Fiebre/microbiología , Cefalea/epidemiología , Cefalea/microbiología , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Leptospira/clasificación , Leptospira/genética , Leptospira/inmunología , Leptospirosis/fisiopatología , Masculino , Mialgia/epidemiología , Mialgia/microbiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Serogrupo , Adulto Joven
12.
J Vet Sci ; 22(6): e67, 2021 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34423603

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Chlamydophila felis, formerly known as Chlamydia psittaci var. felis, is frequently associated with ocular, respiratory, and occasionally reproduction tract infections. Even though the infection is sometimes asymptomatic, it potentially results in a latent immunosuppressive infection. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify occurrences of feline chlamydophilosis, rarely reported in cats in Indonesia. METHODS: The observation was conducted in three cats with clinical signs of Cp. felis infection, particularly relapsing conjunctivitis. The cats' histories were recorded based on owners' information. Conjunctival swabs were sampled for cytology examination and molecular assay detection. A phylogenetic tree was generated using MEGA-X software to reveal group clustering. A post-mortem examination was performed on the cat that died during an examination. RESULTS: Cp. felis was detected in both cytological examination and polymerase chain reaction assay. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that the Cp. felis isolated in this study clustered with several other isolates from the other countries. Cp. felis can be isolated from cats with different clinical manifestations and levels of severity. The chronic fatal infection demonstrated interstitial broncho-pneumonia under histopathological examination. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular assay of Cp. felis is always recommended to obtain a definitive diagnosis of feline chlamydophilosis since the disease can have various clinical manifestations. Even though it may be subclinical and is often not fatal, an infected cat may be a carrier that could spread the pathogen in the surrounding environment. Serious disease management is suggested to avoid high costs associated with regularly relapsing disease.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/veterinaria , Psitacosis/veterinaria , Animales , Gatos , Chlamydophila psittaci/clasificación , Chlamydophila psittaci/aislamiento & purificación , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Ojo , Indonesia , Filogenia
13.
Cornea ; 39(11): 1401-1406, 2020 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32773445

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Nondiphtherial Corynebacterium species are normal residents of human skin and mucosa, including the conjunctiva and nose, but can cause conjunctivitis and keratitis. Recently, resistance against various classes of antibiotics has been reported in Corynebacterium. The present study investigated the type of species and antibiotic susceptibilities of the conjunctival and nasal Corynebacterium species. METHODS: This study examined 183 strains of Corynebacterium species that were isolated from patients undergoing preoperative examinations for cataract surgery. Species were identified by RNA polymerase ß-subunit-encoding gene (rpoB) sequencing. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by the microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard method M45. RESULTS: Corynebacterium macginleyi was the most predominant species (84%; 46 of 55) in the conjunctiva. The 2 major species in the nasal cavity were Corynebacterium accolens and Corynebacterium propinquum (44% and 31%, respectively), followed by Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum (8%), Corynebacterium jeikeium (7%), and C. macginleyi (3%). In contrast to other nasal Corynebacterium species, only C. macginleyi showed a high susceptibility to macrolides. However, among nonconjunctival Corynebacterium species, C. propinquum, was unique in having a high resistance rate to levofloxacin (29%), comparable with that observed in C. macginleyi (36%). Penicillin G and tobramycin showed good susceptibility in almost all strains. CONCLUSIONS: Drug resistance against fluoroquinolones and macrolides was observed in Corynebacterium species, with the antibiotic susceptibility profiles correlating with differences of the species and niche. Nasal and conjunctival Corynebacterium profiles of drug resistance suggest habitat segregation strictly at the species level.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Conjuntiva/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/microbiología , Corynebacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Bacterianas del Ojo/microbiología , Nariz/microbiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Conjuntiva/diagnóstico por imagen , Conjuntivitis/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Bacterianas del Ojo/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven
14.
Benef Microbes ; 11(3): 235-244, 2020 May 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32216468

RESUMEN

The breast milk microbiota has been described as a source of bacteria for infant gut colonisation. We studied the effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (Lc40) on growth and infection incidence of the infants, when the probiotic is administrated to the mothers. Moreover, whether such effects might depend on the interaction between the mother or infant microbiota and the probiotic administration. A total of 291 mother-infant pairs were studied for 16 weeks in a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled multicentre trial. The Lc40 group (n=139) received 1 capsule/day containing 3×109 cfu Lc40; the control group (n=152) received 1 placebo (maltodextrin) capsule/day. A positive and significant correlation of the Staphylococcus load between breast milk and infant faeces was only observed in control group. Additionally, the weight z-score of the infants whose mothers had higher values of Lactobacillus in their breast milk were significantly higher for the Lc40 group. We observed a significant lower incidence of conjunctivitis in the infants whose mothers received Lc40. A higher load of Staphylococcus in infant faeces significantly increased the risk of respiratory infections. Such incidence, under an absent or low Staphylococcus load in the faeces, was significantly 36 times higher in the infants in the control group than in the infants in the Lc40 group. However, the protective effect of Lc40 was gradually reduced as the Staphylococcus load of the milk increased. The administration of Lc40 to nursing women might influence infant growth and health but it seems to depend on its interactions with mother or infant microbiota. Registered in the US Library of Medicine (www.clinicaltrials.gov): NCT02203877.


Asunto(s)
Lactancia Materna , Heces/microbiología , Limosilactobacillus fermentum/fisiología , Leche Humana/microbiología , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Administración Oral , Adulto , Carga Bacteriana , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/prevención & control , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Madres , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/microbiología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/prevención & control , Staphylococcus/aislamiento & purificación
16.
Pediatr Emerg Care ; 36(8): e473-e475, 2020 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29509650

RESUMEN

Sexually transmitted infection as the result of child sexual abuse in prepubertal children is uncommon. Chlamydia trachomatis conjunctivitis is an even less common entity in prepubertal children outside the newborn period. This report details the presentation of 2 children with conjunctivitis who were subsequently diagnosed as having C. trachomatis conjunctivitis. One child was also diagnosed as having rectal and pharyngeal C. trachomatis infection, and the other also had genital C. trachomatis infection. Even with multisite C. trachomatis infection as an indication of sexual abuse, neither child gave a detailed disclosure of abuse to account for their infections. The absence of a clear disclosure is not uncommon. Previous literature reports that a disclosure in these circumstances occurs in less than half of cases. In this report, we review the recommendations for diagnosis of C. trachomatis using nucleic acid amplification testing and culture as well as treatment. Specific clinical features should alert the clinician to C. trachomatis conjunctivitis and lead to timely diagnosis and protection of the child from further sexual abuse.


Asunto(s)
Abuso Sexual Infantil/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Chlamydia/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Infecciones por Chlamydia/tratamiento farmacológico , Conjuntivitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino
17.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm ; 28(5): 764-771, 2020 Jul 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31411512

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To describe 26 cases of bulbar conjunctival sporotrichosis. METHODS: Review of clinical records of patients with bulbar conjunctivitis due to culture-proven Sporothrix spp. infection, in Rio de Janeiro, from 2007 to 2017. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were identified. Median age was 25 years. Adults were more affected (53.8%), followed by adolescents (26.9%). There was a predominance of women (73.1%). Twenty-four patients (96%) reported contact with cats with sporotrichosis. Twenty-one patients (80.8%) presented a primary ocular sporotrichosis. Five patients presented associated eyelid lesions, and 21 (80.8%) tarsal conjunctivitis. Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome was observed in 17 (81%) patients. Eight patients (36.4%) reported the use of steroid drops before diagnosis was made. All patients but one were treated with oral itraconazole. Twenty-three patients (88.5%) were completely cured and three (11.5%) were lost to follow-up. Eight patients (34.8%) developed ocular sequelae. CONCLUSION: Bulbar conjunctivitis is an important clinical presentation of ocular sporotrichosis. It can lead to ocular sequelae. Sporotrichosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ophthalmic external diseases, especially in patients with cat contact history.


Asunto(s)
Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Enfermedades Endémicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Párpados/microbiología , Sporothrix/aislamiento & purificación , Esporotricosis/microbiología , Zoonosis/microbiología , Administración Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Animales , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Conjuntivitis/diagnóstico , Conjuntivitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Conjuntivitis/epidemiología , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/diagnóstico , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Párpados/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Párpados/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Párpados/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Itraconazol/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Esporotricosis/diagnóstico , Esporotricosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Esporotricosis/epidemiología , Adulto Joven , Zoonosis/diagnóstico , Zoonosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Zoonosis/epidemiología
18.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol ; 70(2): 995-1006, 2020 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31738158

RESUMEN

Three bacterial strains, HKU70T, HKU71T and HKU72T, were isolated from the conjunctival swab, blood and sputum samples of three patients with conjunctivitis, bacteraemia and respiratory infection, respectively, in Hong Kong. The three strains were aerobic, Gram-stain positive, catalase-positive, non-sporulating and non-motile bacilli and exhibited unique biochemical profiles distinguishable from currently recognized Tsukamurella species. 16S rRNA, secA, rpoB and groEL gene sequence analyses revealed that the three strains shared 99.6-99.9, 94.5-96.8, 95.7-97.8 and 97.7-98.9 % nucleotide identities with their corresponding closest Tsukamurella species respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization confirmed that they were distinct from other known species of the genus Tsukamurella (26.2±2.4 to 36.8±1.2 % DNA-DNA relatedness), in line with results of in silico genome-to-genome comparison (32.2-40.9 % Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator and 86.3-88.9 % average nucleotide identity values]. Fatty acids, mycolic acids, cell-wall sugars and peptidoglycan analyses showed that they were typical of members of Tsukamurella. The G+C content determined based on the genome sequence of strains HKU70T, HKU71T and HKU72T were 69.9, 70.2 and 70.5 mol%, respectively. Taken together, our results supported the proposition and description of three new species, i.e. Tsukamurella sputi HKU70T (=JCM 33387T=DSM 109106T) sp. nov., Tsukamurella asaccharolytica HKU71T (=JCM 33388T=DSM 109107T) sp. nov. and Tsukamurella conjunctivitidis HKU72T (=JCM 33389T=DSM 109108T) sp. nov.


Asunto(s)
Actinobacteria/clasificación , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Filogenia , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/microbiología , Actinobacteria/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Composición de Base , Secuencia de Bases , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Grasos/química , Genes Bacterianos , Hong Kong , Humanos , Ácidos Micólicos/química , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico , Peptidoglicano/química , Pigmentación , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN
19.
Vet Ophthalmol ; 23(2): 234-244, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31562703

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate a group of young commercially available Skinny pigs, to gain information regarding ocular findings in this breed of guinea pig. Comparisons of ocular findings are to be made between Skinny pigs and haired guinea pigs. ANIMAL STUDIED: Ten haired guinea pigs and ten Skinny pigs were examined. PROCEDURE: A complete ophthalmic examination including Schirmer tear test-II (STT-II), phenol red thread test (PRTT), rebound tonometry with TonoVet PLUS, Fluorescein and Rose Bengal stain was performed. Microbiology swabs for aerobic bacterial growth were collected from conjunctiva of both eyes prior to the ophthalmic examination. RESULTS: The ophthalmic examination revealed seven abnormal ocular findings: trichiasis, mucopurulent discharge, hyperemia/chemosis of the conjunctiva, corneal fibrosis, corneal vascularization, and foreign body on the cornea or conjunctiva. Skinny pigs had a significantly higher amount of mucopurulent discharge (P = .0133) and a significantly higher STT-II (P < .001) than haired guinea pigs. Although not significant, trichiasis, keratitis with corneal vascularization, and foreign body presence were more common in Skinny pigs. Significantly more Skinny pigs had Pasteurellaceae isolated from their conjunctiva than haired guinea pigs (P = .0112). Antimicrobial susceptibility for the five Pasteurellaceae organisms isolated revealed susceptibility toward oxytetracycline, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin, whereas resistance was found toward erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and moxifloxacin. CONCLUSION: Young Skinny pigs have a higher risk of Pasteurellaceae-associated conjunctivitis. Oxytetracycline, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin were identified as topical antibiotics that may be useful for Pasteurellaceae-associated conjunctivitis in Skinny pigs.


Asunto(s)
Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina/veterinaria , Cobayas , Tonometría Ocular/veterinaria , Animales , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Infecciones Bacterianas/veterinaria , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/veterinaria , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Oftalmológico/veterinaria , Displasia Ectodérmica/diagnóstico , Displasia Ectodérmica/veterinaria , Oftalmopatías/diagnóstico , Oftalmopatías/veterinaria , Femenino , Cabello , Presión Intraocular , Masculino , Fenolsulfonftaleína , Lágrimas
20.
Jpn J Ophthalmol ; 63(4): 328-336, 2019 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31273564

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To report the clinical manifestations, identification, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and treatment outcomes of ocular infections caused by Moraxella species. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of all patients treated at the Departments of Ophthalmology of the Ogaki Municipal Hospital and the Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine for ocular infections caused by Moraxella species between January 2011 and June 2017 were examined. The stored Moraxella species isolated from ocular samples were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), molecular identification, and the biochemical properties. RESULTS: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients were treated for Moraxella ocular infections. The patients' median age was 72 years. A predisposing systemic or ocular condition was identified in 15 of the patients. Nine of the patients developed keratitis; four, conjunctivitis; and three, blebitis. M lacunata (6 eyes), M catarrhalis (6), M nonliquefaciens (3), and M osloensis (1) were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. All isolates were sensitive to levofloxacin, tobramycin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefazolin. Twelve patients with keratitis or blebitis were treated with various topical antimicrobial combinations, and systemic antibiotics were used in 10 of the 12 patients. The mean time for the complete closure of the epithelial defects with keratitis was 24 days. The visual outcomes after treatment were favorable except in 1 keratitis patient who underwent enucleation. CONCLUSIONS: The use of duo-therapy with a combination of fluoroquinolone and cefmenoxime should be considered in cases nonresponsive to monotherapy, such as keratitis and bleb-associated infections. MALDI-TOF MS is useful for the identification of Moraxella to the species level.


Asunto(s)
Conjuntivitis/diagnóstico , Infecciones Bacterianas del Ojo/diagnóstico , Queratitis/diagnóstico , Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Moraxella/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Moraxellaceae/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Preescolar , Conjuntiva/diagnóstico por imagen , Conjuntiva/microbiología , Conjuntivitis/microbiología , Córnea/diagnóstico por imagen , Córnea/microbiología , Infecciones Bacterianas del Ojo/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Queratitis/microbiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Moraxellaceae/microbiología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA
...