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1.
Molecules ; 29(9)2024 May 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38731607

RESUMEN

The availability of pure individual betalains in sufficient quantities which permit deeper understanding is still a challenge. This study investigates the high-yielding semisynthesis of betaxanthins using betalamic acid from a natural source (Opuntia dillenii), followed by condensation with ʟ-amino acids and further purification. Moreover, the color stability of the four synthesized individual betaxanthins, namely proline (ʟ-ProBX), alanine (ʟ-AlaBX), leucine (ʟ-LeuBX), and phenylalanine (ʟ-PheBX) betaxanthins, was investigated at different pHs. Their relative contribution to free radical scavenging was also scrutinized by TEAC and DPPH. ʟ-AlaBX and ʟ-LeuBx showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher antioxidant activity, whereas ʟ-ProBX was the most resistant to the hydrolysis of betaxanthin and hence the least susceptible to color change. The color stability was strongly influenced by pH, with the color of ʟ-ProBX, ʟ-LeuBX, and ʟ-AlaBX at pH 6 being more stable, probably due to the easier hydrolysis under acid conditions. The semisynthesis and purification allowed us to have available remarkable quantities of pure individual betaxanthins of Opuntia dillenii for the first time, and to establish their color properties and antioxidant capacity. This study could be a step forward in the development of the best natural food colorant formulation, based on the betalain structure, which is of special interest in food technology.


Asunto(s)
Betacianinas , Betaxantinas , Opuntia , Betacianinas/química , Betaxantinas/química , Opuntia/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/síntesis química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/síntesis química , Color
2.
J Nanobiotechnology ; 22(1): 229, 2024 May 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38720321

RESUMEN

Efficiently removing excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by various factors on the ocular surface is a promising strategy for preventing the development of dry eye disease (DED). The currently available eye drops for DED treatment are palliative, short-lived and frequently administered due to the short precorneal residence time. Here, we developed nanozyme-based eye drops for DED by exploiting borate-mediated dynamic covalent complexation between n-FeZIF-8 nanozymes (n-Z(Fe)) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to overcome these problems. The resultant formulation (PBnZ), which has dual-ROS scavenging abilities and prolonged corneal retention can effectively reduce oxidative stress, thereby providing an excellent preventive effect to alleviate DED. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that PBnZ could eliminate excess ROS through both its multienzyme-like activity and the ROS-scavenging activity of borate bonds. The positively charged nanozyme-based eye drops displayed a longer precorneal residence time due to physical adhesion and the dynamic borate bonds between phenyboronic acid and PVA or o-diol with mucin. The in vivo results showed that eye drops could effectively alleviate DED. These dual-function PBnZ nanozyme-based eye drops can provide insights into the development of novel treatment strategies for DED and other ROS-mediated inflammatory diseases and a rationale for the application of nanomaterials in clinical settings.


Asunto(s)
Síndromes de Ojo Seco , Soluciones Oftálmicas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Soluciones Oftálmicas/química , Soluciones Oftálmicas/farmacología , Síndromes de Ojo Seco/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Ratones , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Córnea/efectos de los fármacos , Córnea/metabolismo , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Humanos , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Boratos/química , Nanopartículas/química , Masculino
3.
Life Sci ; 348: 122700, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38724004

RESUMEN

AIMS: To elucidate the impact of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) as an anti-colitogenic agent for maintenance of colon epithelial tract in ulcerated mice through recovery of mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial stress by virtue of its free radical scavenging properties. MAIN METHODS: DSS induced ulcerated BALB/c mice were treated with SkQ1 for 14 days @ 30 nmol/kg/body wt./day/mice. Post-treatment, isolated colonic mitochondria were utilized for spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric biochemical analysis of various mitochondrial functional variables including individual mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes. Confocal microscopy was utilized for measuring mitochondrial membrane potential in vivo. ELISA technique was adapted for measuring colonic nitrite and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) content. Finally in vitro cell line study was carried out to substantiate in vivo findings and elucidate the involvement of free radicals in UC using antioxidant/free radical scavenging regimen. KEY FINDINGS: Treatment with SkQ1 in vivo reduced histopathological severity of colitis, induced recovery of mitochondrial respiratory complex activities and associated functional variables, improved oxidative stress indices and normalized mitochondrial cardiolipin content. Importantly, SkQ1 lowered nitrite concentration and 3-nitrotyrosine formation in vivo. In vitro SkQ1 restored mitochondrial functions wherein the efficacy of SkQ1 proved equal or better compared to SOD and DMSO indicating predominant involvement of O2- and OH in UC. However, NO and ONOO- also seemed to play a secondary role as MEG and L-NAME provided lesser protection as compared to SOD and DMSO. SIGNIFICANCE: SkQ1 can be considered as a potent anti-colitogenic agent by virtue of its free radical scavenging properties in treating UC.


Asunto(s)
Colitis Ulcerosa , Colon , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Mitocondrias , Estrés Oxidativo , Plastoquinona , Animales , Ratones , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Colitis Ulcerosa/inducido químicamente , Colitis Ulcerosa/metabolismo , Colitis Ulcerosa/patología , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Plastoquinona/análogos & derivados , Plastoquinona/farmacología , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/patología , Colon/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Tirosina/análogos & derivados , Tirosina/metabolismo , Tirosina/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Sulfato de Dextran
4.
J Nanobiotechnology ; 22(1): 252, 2024 May 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38750509

RESUMEN

With increasing proportion of the elderly in the population, age-related diseases (ARD) lead to a considerable healthcare burden to society. Prevention and treatment of ARD can decrease the negative impact of aging and the burden of disease. The aging rate is closely associated with the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS-mediated oxidative stress in aging triggers aging-related changes through lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA oxidation. Antioxidants can control autoxidation by scavenging free radicals or inhibiting their formation, thereby reducing oxidative stress. Benefiting from significant advances in nanotechnology, a large number of nanomaterials with ROS-scavenging capabilities have been developed. ROS-scavenging nanomaterials can be divided into two categories: nanomaterials as carriers for delivering ROS-scavenging drugs, and nanomaterials themselves with ROS-scavenging activity. This study summarizes the current advances in ROS-scavenging nanomaterials for prevention and treatment of ARD, highlights the potential mechanisms of the nanomaterials used and discusses the challenges and prospects for their applications.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Depuradores de Radicales Libres , Nanoestructuras , Estrés Oxidativo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Humanos , Nanoestructuras/química , Envejecimiento/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química
5.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 10145, 2024 05 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38698070

RESUMEN

For centuries, medicinal plants have served as the cornerstone for traditional health care systems and same practice is still prevalent today. In the Himalayan region, Saussurea heteromalla holds a significant place in traditional medicine and is used to address various health issues. Despite its historical use, little exploration has focused on its potential for scavenging free radicals and reducing inflammation. Hence, our current study aims to investigate the free radical scavenging capabilities of S. heteromalla extracts. The n-hexane extract of entire plant revealed promising activity. This extract underwent extensive extraction on a larger scale. Subsequent purification, employing column chromatography, HPLC-DAD techniques, led to the identification of active compounds, confirmed via GC-MS and the NIST database as 1-O-butyl 2-O-octyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate and 2,4-ditert-butylphenol. Assessing the free radical scavenging properties involved utilizing RAW-264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharides. Notably, the compound 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol exhibited remarkable scavenging abilities, demonstrating over 80% inhibition of Nitric oxide. This study stands as the inaugural report on the isolation of these compounds from S. heteromalla.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Macrófagos , Óxido Nítrico , Extractos Vegetales , Saussurea , Saussurea/química , Ratones , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Animales , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Células RAW 264.7 , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química
6.
Physiol Plant ; 176(3): e14313, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38666351

RESUMEN

Bipolaris setariae is known to cause brown stripe disease in sugarcane, resulting in significant yield losses. Silicon (Si) has the potential to enhance plant growth and biotic resistance. In this study, the impact of Si on brown stripe disease was investigated across susceptible and resistant sugarcane varieties, utilizing four Si concentrations (0, 15, 30, and 45 g per barrel of Na2SiO3·5H2O). Si significantly reduced the incidence of brown stripe disease (7.41-59.23%) and alleviated damage to sugarcane growth parameters, photosynthetic parameters, and photosynthetic pigments. Submicroscopic observations revealed that Si induced the accumulation of silicified cells in leaves, reduced spore accumulation, decreased stomatal size, and protected organelles from B. setariae damage. In addition, Si increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), reduced reactive oxygen species production (malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide) and modulated the expression of genes associated with hormone signalling (PR1, TGA, AOS, AOC, LOX, PYL8, and SnRK2), leading to the accumulation of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid and inhibiting SA synthesis. Si also activated the activity of metabolism-related enzymes (polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase) and the gene expression of PAL-dependent genes (PAL, C4H, and 4CL), regulating the accumulation of metabolites, such as chlorogenic acid and lignin. The antifungal test showed that chlorogenic acid (15ug µL-1) had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of B. setariae. This study is the first to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of Si on B. setariae in sugarcane, highlighting Si as a promising and environmentally friendly strategy for managing brown stripe disease.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Plantas , Reguladores del Crecimiento de las Plantas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Saccharum , Silicio , Saccharum/efectos de los fármacos , Saccharum/metabolismo , Saccharum/microbiología , Saccharum/genética , Saccharum/crecimiento & desarrollo , Silicio/farmacología , Silicio/metabolismo , Enfermedades de las Plantas/microbiología , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Reguladores del Crecimiento de las Plantas/metabolismo , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/efectos de los fármacos , Hojas de la Planta/microbiología , Hojas de la Planta/genética , Ascomicetos/fisiología , Ascomicetos/efectos de los fármacos , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Fotosíntesis/efectos de los fármacos , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/metabolismo
7.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 9195, 2024 04 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38649707

RESUMEN

The development of novel antioxidant compounds with high efficacy and low toxicity is of utmost importance in the medicine and food industries. Moreover, with increasing concerns about the safety of synthetic components, scientists are beginning to search for natural sources of antioxidants, especially essential oils (EOs). The combination of EOs may produce a higher scavenging profile than a single oil due to better chemical diversity in the mixture. Therefore, this exploratory study aims to assess the antioxidant activity of three EOs extracted from Cymbopogon flexuosus, Carum carvi, and Acorus calamus in individual and combined forms using the augmented-simplex design methodology. The in vitro antioxidant assays were performed using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging approaches. The results of the Chromatography Gas-Mass spectrometry (CG-MS) characterization showed that citral (29.62%) and niral (27.32%) are the main components for C. flexuosus, while D-carvone (62.09%) and D-limonene (29.58%) are the most dominant substances in C. carvi. By contrast, ß-asarone (69.11%) was identified as the principal component of A. calamus (30.2%). The individual EO exhibits variable scavenging activities against ABTS and DPPH radicals. These effects were enhanced through the mixture of the three EOs. The optimal antioxidant formulation consisted of 20% C. flexuosus, 53% C. carvi, and 27% A. calamus for DPPHIC50. Whereas 17% C. flexuosus, 43% C. carvi, and 40% A. calamus is the best combination leading to the highest scavenging activity against ABTS radical. These findings suggest a new research avenue for EOs combinations to be developed as novel natural formulations useful in food and biopharmaceutical products.


Asunto(s)
Acorus , Antioxidantes , Carum , Cymbopogon , Aceites Volátiles , Extractos Vegetales , Cymbopogon/química , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Acorus/química , Carum/química , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Compuestos de Bifenilo/antagonistas & inhibidores , Compuestos de Bifenilo/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología
8.
Mar Drugs ; 22(4)2024 Apr 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38667796

RESUMEN

Palmaria palmata is a viable source of nutrients with bioactive properties. The present study determined the potential role of post-extraction ultrasonication on some compositional features and antioxidant properties of enzymatic/alkaline extracts of P. palmata (EAEP). No significant difference was detected in terms of protein content and recovery, as well as the amino acid composition of the extracts. The nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 5 was found to be too high for the seaweed and EAEP. The extracts sonicated by bath for 10 min and not sonicated showed the highest and lowest total phenolic contents (p < 0.05), respectively. The highest radical scavenging and lowest metal-chelating activities were observed for the non-sonicated sample, as evidenced by IC50 values. The extract sonicated by bath for 10 min showed the most favorable in vitro antioxidant properties since its radical scavenging was not significantly different from that of the not-sonicated sample (p > 0.05). In contrast, its metal-chelating activity was significantly higher (p < 0.05). To conclude, post-extraction ultrasonication by an ultrasonic bath for 10 min is recommended to increase phenolic content and improve the antioxidant properties of EAEP.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Quelantes , Fenoles , Extractos Vegetales , Rhodophyta , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Quelantes/química , Algas Comestibles/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/aislamiento & purificación , Fenoles/química , Fenoles/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Rhodophyta/química , Sonicación
9.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 174: 116540, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38579400

RESUMEN

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines, which facilitate the activation of the inflammatory signaling such as NF-κB pathway and exacerbate the development of inflammation. Herein, we designed a nanodrug by encapsulating the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) into an emulsion and coating the surface with a polydopamine (PDA) layer to yield GSNO@PDA, which simultaneously scavenged the extra ROS and suppressed NF-κB signaling for potent RA treatment. To enhance the cellular uptake and NO generation efficiency, dextran sulfate (DS) and Cu2+ were anchored on the surface of GSNO@PDA to obtain the final formulation GSNO@PDA@DS. Our results demonstrated that GSNO@PDA@DS were successfully prepared and the modification of DS effectively boosted the cellular uptake of GSNO@PDA@DS. Moreover, GSNO@PDA@DS lowered cellular ROS and elevated intracellular NO, resulting in a decrease of M1 phenotype, inhibition of NF-κB pathway and down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Further in vivo studies confirmed that GSNO@PDA@DS significantly relieved symptoms and bone erosion by regulating the microenvironment of RA, highlighting the potential of GSNO@PDA@DS for RA therapy through ROS scavenging and NO-mediated suppression of inflammatory signaling.


Asunto(s)
Artritis Reumatoide , FN-kappa B , Donantes de Óxido Nítrico , Polímeros , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , S-Nitrosoglutatión , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Artritis Reumatoide/metabolismo , Animales , Donantes de Óxido Nítrico/farmacología , Donantes de Óxido Nítrico/administración & dosificación , Ratones , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , S-Nitrosoglutatión/farmacología , S-Nitrosoglutatión/administración & dosificación , Células RAW 264.7 , Polímeros/química , Indoles/farmacología , Indoles/administración & dosificación , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/administración & dosificación , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Masculino , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Sulfato de Dextran , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos
10.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 266(Pt 2): 131357, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38580010

RESUMEN

The microenvironment of bone defect site is vital for bone regeneration. Severe bone defect is often accompanied with severe inflammation and elevated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during bone repair. In recent years, the unfriendly local microenvironment has been paid more and more attention. Some bioactive materials with the ability to regulate the microenvironment to promote bone regeneration urgently need to be developed. Here, we develop a multifunctional composite hydrogel composed of photo-responsive methacrylate silk fibroin (SFMA), laponite (LAP) nanocomposite and tannic acid (TA), aiming to endow hydrogel with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and osteogenic induction ability. Characterization results confirmed that the SFMA-LAP@TA hydrogel could significantly improve the mechanical properties of hydrogel. The ROS-Scavenging ability of the hydrogel enabled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to survive against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In addition, the SFMA-LAP@TA hydrogel effectively decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in RAW264.7. More importantly, the SFMA-LAP@TA hydrogel could enhance the expression of osteogenic markers of BMSCs under inflammatory condition and greatly promote new bone formation in a critical-sized cranial defect model. Above all, the multifunctional hydrogel could effectively promote bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo by scavenging ROS and reducing inflammation, providing a prospective strategy for bone regeneration.


Asunto(s)
Regeneración Ósea , Fibroínas , Hidrogeles , Inflamación , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Nanocompuestos , Osteogénesis , Polifenoles , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Taninos , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Fibroínas/química , Fibroínas/farmacología , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Taninos/química , Taninos/farmacología , Ratones , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Nanocompuestos/química , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Metacrilatos/química , Metacrilatos/farmacología , Ratas , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química
11.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 267(Pt 1): 131472, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38599437

RESUMEN

Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) have gained significant attention for their potential as natural antioxidants. This study investigated the effect of various pretreatment methods on the lignin structure and subsequent antioxidant activity of LNPs. Among four pretreated LNPs, hydrothermal LNPs exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, surpassing unpretreated, acid-pretreated and kraft LNPs, with an impressive efficacy of 91.6%. The relationship between LNPs' structure and antioxidant activity was revealed by 2D heteronuclear singular quantum correlation (1H13C HSQC) and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). 1H13C HSQC suggested the cleavage of ß-O-4 ether bonds, as well as a decrease in ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, which directly influenced the antioxidant activity of LNPs. 31P NMR demonstrated a positive correlation between the total hydroxyl group content and the antioxidant activity. Besides, an isothermal kinetic model for scavenging free radicals was established based on Langmuir kinetic model instead of Freundlich model. Moreover, multilayer LNPs, based on layer-by-layer self-assembly, were prepared and exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity of 95.8%. More importantly, when blended with pure cosmetic cream, the multilayer LNPs maintained antioxidant activity of 86.7%. These finding may promote the practical applications of biomolecules, e.g. lignin additives in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Lignina , Nanopartículas , Lignina/química , Nanopartículas/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Ácidos Cumáricos/química , Cinética , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Propionatos/química
12.
Biomater Sci ; 12(9): 2312-2320, 2024 Apr 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38497434

RESUMEN

Postsurgical treatment comprehensively benefits from the application of tissue-adhesive injectable hydrogels, which reduce postoperative complications by promoting wound closure and tissue regeneration. Although various hydrogels have been employed as clinical tissue adhesives, many exhibit deficiencies in adhesive strength under wet conditions or in immunomodulatory functions. Herein, we report the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and tissue-adhesive injectable hydrogels composed of polyamine-modified gelatin crosslinked with the 4-arm poly (ethylene glycol) crosslinker. Polyamine-modified gelatin was particularly potent in suppressing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines from stimulated primary macrophages. This effect is attributed to its ability to scavenge ROS and inhibit the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B. Polyamine-modified gelatin-based hydrogels exhibited ROS scavenging abilities and enhanced tissue adhesive strength on collagen casing. Notably, the hydrogel demonstrated exceptional tissue adhesive properties in a wet environment, as evidenced by its performance using porcine small intestine tissue. This approach holds significant promise for designing immunomodulatory hydrogels with superior tissue adhesion strength compared to conventional medical materials, thereby contributing to advancements in minimally invasive surgical techniques.


Asunto(s)
Gelatina , Hidrogeles , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Adhesivos Tisulares , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/administración & dosificación , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Animales , Adhesivos Tisulares/química , Adhesivos Tisulares/farmacología , Adhesivos Tisulares/administración & dosificación , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Ratones , Porcinos , Gelatina/química , Polietileneimina/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/administración & dosificación , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Polietilenglicoles/química , Inyecciones , Citocinas/metabolismo , Intestino Delgado/metabolismo , Intestino Delgado/efectos de los fármacos
13.
New Phytol ; 242(5): 2043-2058, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38515251

RESUMEN

MicroRNAs are essential in plant development and stress resistance, but their specific roles in drought stress require further investigation. Here, we have uncovered that a Populus-specific microRNAs (miRNA), miR6445, targeting NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) family genes, is involved in regulating drought tolerance of poplar. The expression level of miR6445 was significantly upregulated under drought stress; concomitantly, seven targeted NAC genes showed significant downregulation. Silencing the expression of miR6445 by short tandem target mimic technology significantly decreased the drought tolerance in poplar. Furthermore, 5' RACE experiments confirmed that miR6445 directly targeted NAC029. The overexpression lines of PtrNAC029 (OE-NAC029) showed increased sensitivity to drought compared with knockout lines (Crispr-NAC029), consistent with the drought-sensitive phenotype observed in miR6445-silenced strains. PtrNAC029 was further verified to directly bind to the promoters of glutathione S-transferase U23 (GSTU23) and inhibit its expression. Both Crispr-NAC029 and PtrGSTU23 overexpressing plants showed higher levels of PtrGSTU23 transcript and GST activity while accumulating less reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, poplars overexpressing GSTU23 demonstrated enhanced drought tolerance. Taken together, our research reveals the crucial role of the miR6445-NAC029-GSTU23 module in enhancing poplar drought tolerance by regulating ROS homeostasis. This finding provides new molecular targets for improving the drought resistance of trees.


Asunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica , Sequías , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Glutatión Transferasa , MicroARNs , Proteínas de Plantas , Populus , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Populus/genética , Populus/fisiología , Populus/enzimología , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Glutatión Transferasa/genética , Glutatión Transferasa/metabolismo , Adaptación Fisiológica/genética , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/metabolismo , Secuencia de Bases , Genes de Plantas , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Resistencia a la Sequía
14.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 267(Pt 1): 131228, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38554923

RESUMEN

The extremely low antioxidant, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties of cellulose limit its application in the biomedical and environmental sectors. To improve these properties, nanohybrides were prepared by mixing carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CCNCs) and zinc nitrate hexahydrate. Data from FTIR, XRD, DLS, and SEM spectra showed that, ZnO nanoparticles, with a size ranging from 94 to 351 nm and the smallest nanoparticle size of 164.18 nm, were loaded onto CCNCs. CCNCs/ZnO1 nanohybrids demonstrated superior antibacterial, photocatalytic, and antioxidant performance. More considerable antibacterial activity was shown with a zone of inhibition ranging from 26.00 ± 1.00 to 40.33 ± 2.08 mm and from 31.66 ± 3.51 to 41.33 ± 1.15 mm against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Regarding photodegradation properties, the maximum value (∼91.52 %) of photocatalytic methylene blue degradation was observed after 75 min exposure to a UV lamp. At a concentration of 125.00 µm/ml of the CCNC/ZnO1 nanohybrids sample, 53.15 ± 1.03 % DPPH scavenging activity was obtained with an IC50 value of 117.66 µm/ml. A facile, cost-effective, one-step synthesis technique was applied to fabricate CCNCs/ZnO nanohybrids at mild temperature using Oxytenanthera abyssinica carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals as biotemplate. The result showed that CCNCs/ZnO nanohybrids possess potential applications in developing advanced functional materials for dye removal and antibacterial and antioxidant applications.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Celulosa , Depuradores de Radicales Libres , Nanopartículas , Nitratos , Óxido de Zinc , Celulosa/química , Óxido de Zinc/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/síntesis química , Nanopartículas/química , Catálisis , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/síntesis química , Compuestos de Zinc/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/síntesis química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
15.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 266(Pt 1): 131106, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38552685

RESUMEN

The process of diabetic wound healing was influenced by the excessive proliferation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, in the process of healing diabetic wounds, it was crucial to removing ROS. This study designed composited nanoparticles: KBP, consisted by Konjac glucomannan, bovine serum albumin, and Prussian blue. Then they were embedded in Konjac glucomannan and hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride chitosan composite hydrogel (KH), The KBP@KH hydrogel finally achieved excellent efficacy in diabetic wound healing. The in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that KPB nanoparticles exhibited favorable ROS scavenging capability and biosafety. The KBP@KH hydrogel not only effectively eliminated ROS from diabetic wounds, but also exhibited excellent wound adaptability. The KBP@KH hydrogel facilitated angiogenesis and suppressed the production of inflammatory factors. Overall, the KBP@KH hydrogel dressing was characterized by its user-friendly nature, safety, and high efficiency.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Ferrocianuros , Hidrogeles , Mananos , Nanocompuestos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Albúmina Sérica Bovina , Cicatrización de Heridas , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Ferrocianuros/química , Ferrocianuros/farmacología , Nanocompuestos/química , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Albúmina Sérica Bovina/química , Mananos/química , Mananos/farmacología , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratones , Vendajes , Ratas , Masculino , Quitosano/química , Quitosano/análogos & derivados , Quitosano/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Bovinos , Humanos
16.
Int J Med Mushrooms ; 26(3): 67-76, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38505904

RESUMEN

Five kinds of exopolysaccharides (EPS) were obtained by fermentation of Scleroderma areolatum Ehrenb. with sucrose, glucose, maltose, lactose, and fructose as carbon sources. Antioxidant abilities of the obtained EPSs were evaluated by inhibiting AAPH, HO·, and glutathione (GS·) induced oxidation of DNA and quenching 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) cationic radical (ABTS· and galvinoxyl radicals. The effects of carbon sources on the antioxidant properties of EPSs could be examined. The results showed that five EPSs can effectively inhibit radicals induced oxidation of DNA, and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) percentages were 44.7%-80.8%, 52.3%-77.5%, and 44.7%-73.3% in inhibiting AAPH, HO·, and GS· induced oxidation of DNA, respectively. All five EPSs could scavenge ABTS· and galvinoxyh, and exhibit superior activity in scavenging free radicals. Antioxidant abilities of EPS with fructose as carbon source were highest among five EPS.


Asunto(s)
Amidinas , Antioxidantes , Basidiomycota , Benzotiazoles , Carbono , Ácidos Sulfónicos , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , ADN/química , Fructosa , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología
17.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(5)2024 Mar 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474192

RESUMEN

The brain is susceptible to oxidative stress, which is associated with various neurological diseases. Edaravone (MCI-186, 3-methyl-1 pheny-2-pyrazolin-5-one), a free radical scavenger, has promising effects by quenching hydroxyl radicals (∙OH) and inhibiting both ∙OH-dependent and ∙OH-independent lipid peroxidation. Edaravone was initially developed in Japan as a neuroprotective agent for acute cerebral infarction and was later applied clinically to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease. There is accumulating evidence for the therapeutic effects of edaravone in a wide range of diseases related to oxidative stress, including ischemic stroke, ALS, Alzheimer's disease, and placental ischemia. These neuroprotective effects have expanded the potential applications of edaravone. Data from experimental animal models support its safety for long-term use, implying broader applications in various neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we explain the unique characteristics of edaravone, summarize recent findings for specific diseases, and discuss its prospects for future therapeutic applications.


Asunto(s)
Esclerosis Amiotrófica Lateral , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Animales , Femenino , Embarazo , Esclerosis Amiotrófica Lateral/tratamiento farmacológico , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Antipirina , Edaravona/farmacología , Edaravona/uso terapéutico , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Placenta
18.
Molecules ; 29(6)2024 Mar 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38543039

RESUMEN

Yak whey protein concentrates (YWPCs) have good functional properties, but there is still a gap in the study of their peptides. In this study, peptides were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis, and the bioactivity of each ultrafiltration fraction was evaluated using an optimal process. YWPCs were isolated and purified from yak milk as the raw material. Alkaline protease, trypsin, and papain were used to hydrolyze YWPCs. The protease with the highest degree of hydrolysis (DH) and peptide concentration was selected as the most suitable enzyme. The effects of pH, temperature, time, and the enzyme-to-substrate ratio (E/S) on the DH and peptide concentration were investigated, and response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the hydrolysis process. The hydrolysate was separated using ultrafiltration membranes with molecular weight cut-offs of 10 kDa, 5 kDa, 3 kDa, and 1 kDa. The bioactivity of each ultrafiltration component was analyzed, including the inhibition rates of α-amylase and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities and the scavenging rates of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation radicals. The results indicated that alkaline protease was the best enzyme for hydrolyzing YWPCs. The peptide concentration in the YWPC hydrolysate was the highest (17.21 mg/mL) at a pH of 8 and a concentration of 7500 U/g, after 2.5 h at 62 °C. The enzymatic hydrolysate was ultrafiltered to yield four peptide fractions, of which the <1 kDa peptides exhibited the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity (22.06%), XOD inhibitory activity (17.15%), and ABTS cationic free radical scavenging rate (69.55%). This demonstrates the potential of YWPC hydrolyzed peptides for hypoglycemic, uric acid-lowering, and antioxidant applications, providing a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of YWPCs.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Benzotiazoles , Depuradores de Radicales Libres , Ácidos Sulfónicos , Animales , Bovinos , Hidrólisis , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Proteína de Suero de Leche , Antioxidantes/química , Péptidos/química , Papaína/metabolismo , alfa-Amilasas , Hidrolisados de Proteína/química
19.
Chem Biodivers ; 21(5): e202302115, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38415904

RESUMEN

There is a burgeoning focus on utilizing the antifungal and antioxidant properties of essential oils derived from various plants as a modern and natural approach to combat the growth of fungi that contaminate food. In this study, we used essential oils extracted from Thymus daenensis Celak. subsp. daenensis to address three mycotoxin-producing species of Aspergillus, specifically A. flavus, A. parasiticus, and A. niger, all of which are recognized contaminants of food and agricultural products. Concurrently, the antioxidant properties of the essential oils were evaluated, revealing their noteworthy role in the antifungal activity. Essential oils were derived from T. daenensis subsp. daenensis was observed to have a significant inhibitory effect on all three species of Aspergillus, as evidenced by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 575 to 707 ppm and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 237 to 280 ppm. These results confirm the strong antifungal activity of the essential oils. Furthermore, the essential oil exhibited free radical scavenging activity, resulting in an EC50 value of 37.1 µg/ml. In summary, T. daenensis subsp. daenensis essential oil demonstrated a competitive advantage over other similar plants and synthetic antibiotics. This indicates the promising potential of this essential oil as a natural antifungal agent to control Aspergillus growth and mycotoxin contamination. It offers an alternative or complementary approach to conventional antifungal agents and could be a valuable addition to the arsenal of natural remedies to address fungal contamination in food and agricultural products.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos , Aspergillus , Depuradores de Radicales Libres , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Aceites Volátiles , Timol , Thymus (Planta) , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Aceites Volátiles/aislamiento & purificación , Aspergillus/efectos de los fármacos , Aspergillus/química , Thymus (Planta)/química , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificación , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Timol/farmacología , Timol/química , Monoterpenos/farmacología , Monoterpenos/química , Monoterpenos/aislamiento & purificación
20.
Food Chem ; 445: 138801, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38387316

RESUMEN

Frog skin, a by-product of Quasipaa Spinosa farming, is rich in protein and potentially a valuable raw material for obtaining antioxidant peptides. This study used papain combined with acid protease to digest frog skin in a two-step enzymatic hydrolysis method. Based on a single factor and response surface experiments, experimental conditions were optimized, and the degree of hydrolysis was 30 %. A frog skin hydrolysate (QSPH-Ⅰ-3) was obtained following ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography. IC50 for DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities were 1.68 ± 0.05, 1.20 ± 0.14 and 1.55 ± 0.11 mg/mL, respectively. Peptide sequences (17) were analyzed and, through molecular docking, peptides with low binding energies for KEAP1 were identified, which might affect the NRF2-KEAP1 pathway. These findings suggest protein hydrolysates and antioxidant peptide derivatives might be used in functional foods.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Depuradores de Radicales Libres , Antioxidantes/química , Hidrólisis , Proteína 1 Asociada A ECH Tipo Kelch , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2 , Péptidos/química , Hidrolisados de Proteína/química
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