RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: People with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMSP) often have low physical activity. Various factors can influence the activity level. The aim of this study was to monitor physical activity, assessed by the number of steps per day, over time in people with CMSP and identify factors that could be associated with this activity feature. METHODS: This prospective study involved people undergoing rehabilitation following an orthopedic trauma that had led to CMSP. At entry, participants completed self-reported questionnaires assessing pain, anxiety, depression, catastrophyzing, kinesiophobia, and behavioural activity patterns (avoidance, pacing and overdoing). They also underwent functional tests, assessing walking endurance and physical fitness. To determine daily step counts, participants wore an accelerometer for 1 week during rehabilitation and 3 months post-rehabilitation. The number of steps per day was compared among three time points: weekend of rehabilitation (an estimate of pre-rehabilitation activity; T1), weekdays of rehabilitation (T2), and post-rehabilitation (T3). Linear regression models were used to analyze the association between daily steps at T2 and at T3 and self-reported and performance-based parameters. RESULTS: Data from 145 participants were analyzed. The mean number of steps was significantly higher during T2 than T1 and T3 (7323 [3047] vs. 4782 [2689], p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.769, and 4757 [2680], p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.693), whereas T1 and T3 results were similar (p = 0.92, Cohen's d = 0.008). Correlations of number of steps per day among time points were low (r ≤ 0.4). Multivariable regression models revealed an association between daily steps at T2 and pain interfering with walking, anxiety and overdoing behaviour. Daily steps at T3 were associated with overdoing behaviour and physical fitness. CONCLUSIONS: Despite chronic pain, people in rehabilitation after an orthopedic trauma increased their physical activity if they were given incentives to do so. When these incentives disappeared, most people returned to their previous activity levels. A multimodal follow-up approach could include both therapeutic and environmental incentives to help maintain physical activity in this population.
Asunto(s)
Dolor Crónico , Ejercicio Físico , Dolor Musculoesquelético , Caminata , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dolor Crónico/diagnóstico , Dolor Crónico/psicología , Dolor Crónico/fisiopatología , Estudios Prospectivos , Dolor Musculoesquelético/diagnóstico , Dolor Musculoesquelético/psicología , Dolor Musculoesquelético/rehabilitación , Dolor Musculoesquelético/fisiopatología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Adulto , Caminata/fisiología , Anciano , Autoinforme , Acelerometría , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Rehabilitation interventions for chronic pain typically include education, cognitive behavioural therapy, and exercise therapy, or a combination of these. A systematic review and meta-analysis of rehabilitation interventions for neuropathic pain was conducted. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trials were identified in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PsycINFO databases from inception up to 3 March 2022. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS: Adults with chronic (> 3 months) neuropathic pain. METHODS: Primary outcomes were pain intensity, pain-related disability, and work participation. Secondary outcomes were quality of life, emotional strain, insomnia, and adverse outcomes, according to VAPAIN guidelines. Analyses were made post-intervention, which was defined as the assessment point immediately following the intervention or at the first-time measurement conducted after the intervention period. RESULTS: In total, 15 studies (total population, n = 764) were incorporated. Most common interventions were cognitive behavioural programmes including acceptance and commitment therapy (n = 4), mindfulness-based interventions (n = 5), and yoga (n = 2). Psychological interventions reduced both pain intensity (SMD -0.49, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.10) and pain-related disability (SMD -0.51, 95% CI -0.98 to -0.03), whereas other interventions had an effect on pain intensity but not on pain-related disability. CONCLUSION: Rehabilitation interventions, and psychological interventions in particular, seem to be of value for patients with chronic neuropathic pain.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Neuralgia , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Humanos , Neuralgia/rehabilitación , Neuralgia/terapia , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Calidad de Vida , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dimensión del Dolor , Atención Plena/métodos , Yoga , Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso/métodosRESUMEN
The importance of incorporating lumbo-pelvic stability core and controlling motor exercises in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) reinforces the use of strategies to improve biopsychosocial beliefs by reducing biomedical postulations. However, clinical practice guidelines recommend multimodal approaches incorporating exercise and manual therapy (MT), and instead reject the application of kinesiotape (KT) in isolation. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to analyze the effects of 12 weeks of exercises combined with MT or KT on perceived low back pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) and muscle electric activity measured with electromyography (EMG) of the rectus abdominis and multifidus in CLBP (mild disability) and to explore the relationship between the rectus abdominis and multifidus ratios and pain perception after intervention. A blinded, 12-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) was carried out, involving three parallel groups of patients with CLBP. The study was registered at Clinicaltrial.gov and assigned the identification number NCT05544890 (19/09/22). The trial underwent an intention-to-treat analysis. The primary outcome revealed a multimodal treatment program supplemented by additional therapies such as MT and KT, resulting in significant reductions in perceived low back pain. The subjective assessment of individuals with CLBP indicated no discernible distinction between exclusive core stability exercises and control-motor training when combined with MT or KT. Notably, our findings demonstrated positive alterations in both the mean and peak EMG values of the right rectus abdominis in the exercise group, suggesting a beneficial impact on muscle activation. This study focused on assessing the activation levels of the trunk musculature, specifically the rectus abdominis (RA) and multifidus (MF), in individuals with CLBP exhibiting mild disability according to the Oswestry Disability Index. Importantly, improvements in the VAS values were observed independently of changes in muscle electrical activity.
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Cinta Atlética , Dolor Crónico , Electromiografía , Terapia por Ejercicio , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Manipulaciones Musculoesqueléticas , Percepción del Dolor , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/terapia , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/fisiopatología , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Masculino , Femenino , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Manipulaciones Musculoesqueléticas/métodos , Percepción del Dolor/fisiología , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/fisiopatología , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dimensión del Dolor , Resultado del Tratamiento , Recto del Abdomen/fisiopatología , Método Simple Ciego , Terapia Combinada , Músculos Paraespinales/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Background and Objectives: Non-specific chronic wrist pain is wrist pain that occurs without a specific cause, such as trauma, and may limit the range of motion of the joints of the wrist and hand, affecting muscle strength, grip strength, and function. This study aimed to determine the effects of grip-strengthening exercises combined with wrist stability training on pain and function in patients with non-specific chronic wrist pain. Materials and Methods: The subjects of the study were 31 patients with wrist pain. To determine the effect of grip-strengthening exercises combined with wrist stability training, 15 participants participated in grip-strengthening exercises combined with wrist stability training and 16 control subjects participated. The experimental group participated in wrist-stability training. Grip-strengthening exercises combined with wrist stability training were performed for 20 min/day twice a week for 4 weeks, and relaxation massage and conservative physical therapy were performed for 20 min/day twice a week for 4 weeks. The control group received relaxation massage and conservative physical therapy for 40 min/day twice a week for 4 weeks. A visual pain scale was used to evaluate the degree of pain before and after treatment, and a patient-rated wrist evaluation was used to evaluate wrist function. Results: The results showed that the visual score significantly decreased in the time effect before and after the intervention in both groups (p < 0.001), patient-rated wrist evaluation significantly decreased (p < 0.001), and grip strength and muscle strength significantly increased (p < 0.001). The results of this study showed that grip-strengthening exercises combined with wrist stability training were effective in improving pain, function, grip strength, and muscle strength in patients with non-specific chronic wrist pain. Conclusions: Grip-strengthening exercises combined with wrist stability training can be used as an effective intervention method to improve pain, function, grip strength, and muscle strength, emphasizing the need for wrist exercise interventions in patients with non-specific chronic wrist pain in the future.
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Terapia por Ejercicio , Fuerza de la Mano , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Adulto , Articulación de la Muñeca/fisiopatología , Articulación de la Muñeca/fisiología , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/fisiopatología , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Muñeca/fisiopatología , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Resultado del Tratamiento , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Manejo del Dolor/métodosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Aberrant movement in chronic low back pain (CLBP) is associated with a deficit in the lumbar multifidus (LM) and changes in cortical topography. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) can be used to enhance cortical excitability by priming the neuromuscular system for motor control exercise (MCE), thereby enhancing LM activation and movement control. This study aimed to determine the effects of a 6-week MCE program combined with a-tDCS on cortical topography, LM activation, movement patterns, and clinical outcomes in individuals with CLBP. METHODS: Twenty-two individuals with CLBP were randomly allocated to the a-tDCS group (a-tDCS; n = 12) or sham-tDCS group (s-tDCS; n = 10). Both groups received 20 min of tDCS followed by 30 min of MCE. The LM and erector spinae (ES) cortical topography, LM activation, movement control battery tests, and clinical outcomes (disability and quality of life) were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: Significant interaction (group × time; p < 0.01) was found in the distance between LM and ES cortical locations. The a-tDCS group demonstrated significantly fewer discrete peaks (p < 0.05) in both ES and LM and significant improvements (p < 0.05) in clinical outcomes post-intervention. The s-tDCS group demonstrated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the number of discrete peaks in the LM cortical topography. No significant changes (p > 0.05) in LM activation were observed in either group; however, both groups demonstrated improved movement patterns. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that combined a-tDCS with MCE can separate LM and ES locations over time while s-tDCS (MCE alone) reduces the distance. Our study did not find superior benefits of adding a-tDCS before MCE for LM activation, movement patterns, or clinical outcomes.
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Terapia por Ejercicio , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Estimulación Transcraneal de Corriente Directa , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/terapia , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Corteza Motora/fisiopatología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Músculos Paraespinales/fisiología , Calidad de Vida , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitaciónRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to assess the moderator effect of the target concepts covered in the Pain science education (PSE) sessions, including both the total amount of target concepts and each individual target concept, on changes in pain intensity and disability in patients with chronic spinal pain (CSP). A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and CENTRAL was conducted from inception to March 10, 2024. A random effects model was used for meta-regression analysis. A total of 11 studies were included. The total amount of target concepts of PSE showed a significant correlation with changes in pain intensity (k=11; F=4.45; p=0.04; R2=26.07â¯%). In terms of each target content, only a significant effect on pain intensity was obtained for 'transfer knowledge about pain to an adaptive behavioural change' (z=-2.35, P =0.019, 95â¯%CI -3.42 to -0.31) and 'reconceptualization of pain' (z=-2.43, P =0.015, 95â¯%CI -3.70 to -0.39). No significant effect on disability was found. These results may be useful for optimising the effectiveness of PSE programmes.
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Dolor Crónico , Humanos , Dolor Crónico/fisiopatología , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Manejo del Dolor , Dimensión del Dolor , Dolor de Espalda/fisiopatología , Dolor de Espalda/terapiaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Education is recognised as an effective and necessary approach in chronic low back pain. Nevertheless, data regarding the effectiveness of education in promoting physical activity in the medium term or long term are still limited, as are the factors that could lead to successful outcomes. Our study aims to assess the effectiveness of a pain neuroscience education programme compared with traditional back school on physical activity 3 months and 1 year after educational sessions coupled with a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme. Additionally, we seek to evaluate the effects of these educational interventions on various factors, including pain intensity and psychobehavioural factors. Finally, our goal is to identify the determinants of success in educational sessions combined with the rehabilitation programme. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study will involve 82 adults with chronic low back pain. It will be a monocentric, open, controlled, randomised, superiority trial with two parallel arms: an experimental group, 'pain neuroscience education', and a control group, 'back school'. The primary outcome is the average number of steps taken at home over a week, measured by an actigraph. Secondary outcomes include behavioural assessments. Descriptive and inferential analysis will be conducted. Multivariate modelling will be performed using actimetric data and data from the primary and secondary outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Committee for Personal Protection of Ile de France VII (CPP) gave a favourable opinion on 22 June 2023 (National number: 2023-A00346-39). The study was previously registered with the National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (IDRCB: 2023-A00346-39). Participants signed an informed consent during the inclusion visit. This protocol is the version submitted to the CPP entitled 'Protocol Version N°1 of 03/29/2023'. The results of the study will be presented nationally and internationally through conferences and publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05840302.
Asunto(s)
Dolor Crónico , Ejercicio Físico , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Neurociencias , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/terapia , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/métodos , Neurociencias/educación , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Dimensión del Dolor , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of physiotherapist-led Cognitive Behavioural Interventions (CBI) with or without physiotherapy is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review (PROSPERO registration number CRD42022321073) aims to determine the effectiveness of physiotherapist-led CBI with or without physiotherapy in comparison to physiotherapy alone on quality of life, disabilities and catastrophization. METHODS: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Science Direct, and PEDro were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigate the use of CBI versus conventional physiotherapy in chronic NSLBP. To be included CBI had to be performed by a physiotherapist. The primary and secondary outcomes were respectively quality of life and disability. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were included in qualitative analysis, in which 4 did not meet the PEDro score of 6 or higher. Pooled standardized mean differences from 3 studies showed no difference in quality of life between groups for mental and physical sub-scores at 3 months (SMD 0.02, 95% CI -0.17 to 0.21 and SMD 0.07, 95% CI -0.12 to 0.26 respectively). Pooled standardized mean differences from 9 studies showed no difference in disability between groups at 3, 6 and 12 months (SMD = - 0.40, CI 95% -0.80 to 0.01; SMD -0.18, CI 95% = -0.41 to 0.05; and SMD -0.24, CI 95% = -0.48 to 0.00 respectively). CONCLUSION: Results of CBI, especially cognitive functional therapy, seem promising in disability management despite a substantial heterogeneity. Furthermore, we found no difference in quality of life.
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Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/terapia , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/psicología , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Fisioterapeutas/psicología , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dolor Crónico/psicologíaRESUMEN
The majority of patients following musculoskeletal rehabilitation are taking painkillers. However, apart from one recent observational study, there is a lack of data. The use of analgesics, particularly opioids, is associated with higher scores for pain, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing and disability, as well as poorer results in functional tests. Prescribing analgesic treatment with precise objectives (improving pain and function) should also include identifying psychosocial factors associated with a poor prognosis. Regular reassessment of the treatment should make it possible to limit side-effects and the risk of misuse and help patients to engage in an active rehabilitation programme and resume regular physical activity.
La majorité des patients effectuant une réadaptation musculosquelettique consomme des antalgiques. Cependant, en dehors d'une étude observationnelle récente, les données manquent. La prise d'antalgiques, en particulier les opioïdes, est associée à des scores de douleur, d'anxiété, de dépression, de catastrophisme et de handicap élevés, ainsi qu'à des résultats plus faibles aux tests fonctionnels. La prescription d'un traitement antalgique avec des objectifs précis (amélioration de la douleur et de la fonction) doit également comporter une détection des facteurs psychosociaux de mauvais pronostic. Une réévaluation régulière de la prescription devrait permettre de limiter les effets secondaires, les risques de mésusage et aider les patients à s'engager dans un programme de réadaptation actif et à reprendre une activité physique régulière.
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Dolor Crónico , Humanos , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dolor Crónico/psicología , Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Analgésicos/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/rehabilitación , Analgésicos Opioides/administración & dosificación , Analgésicos Opioides/efectos adversos , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapéutico , Dolor Musculoesquelético/rehabilitación , Dolor Musculoesquelético/terapiaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE: Persistent musculoskeletal pain (PMP) is multifactorial and causes both societal and financial burdens. Integration of multifactorial management in patients with PMP remains challenging. A single-case experimental design was performed on three patients suffering from high impact PMP (lumbar spine, shoulder and knee) to i) assess the potential for Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) in interdisciplinary care, ii) describe in detail the clinical journey patients experienced during the intervention, and iii) evaluate the changes and associations in relation to the outcome measures of pain, disability, maladaptive movement behavior, subjective overall improvement, health related quality of life and work status. These were monitored over one year, at the end of each of the six intervention modules. RESULTS: After introducing the intervention systematic changes were seen, with medium to large changes (Non-overlap of All Pairs 0.67-1) for all outcome measures. Associations between changes of the outcome measures were large (r ≥ 0.50) and changes occurred concurrently. Minimally clinically important difference thresholds were exceeded for all outcome measures and two patients achieved relevant improvements related to work reintegration. DISCUSSION: The positive results of this study are comparable with recent CFT studies. However, the difference regarding the number of sessions and duration of the intervention is evident. The length of the intervention in this study seemed to enable continuous significant improvements up until 12 months post onset and follow-up. CONCLUSION: CFT in interdisciplinary care was effective for all measures. The detailed descriptions of the clinical processes aim to improve clinical care.
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Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Femenino , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Dolor Musculoesquelético/terapia , Dolor Musculoesquelético/rehabilitación , Dolor Musculoesquelético/psicología , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/psicología , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Grupo de Atención al Paciente/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify prognostic variables at baseline associated with being responding favorably to multidisciplinary rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). METHODS: A responder analysis was conducted based on data from a randomized controlled trial with 26-week follow-up including 165 patients with CLBP treated at a Danish multidisciplinary rehabilitation center. Patients were dichotomized into responders and non-responders based on the outcome of a minimal clinically important difference of six points on the Oswestry Disability Index. The associations between prognostic variables and responders were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 139 patients completed the study, of which 42% were classified as responders. Sex and employment status were statistically significant, with a decreased odds ratio (OR) of being a responder found for males compared to females (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.02-0.48) and for being on temporary or permanent social benefits (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.10-0.75) compared to being self-supporting or receiving retirement benefits. Statistically significant interaction (OR = 8.84, 95% CI = 1.11-70.12) was found between males and being on temporary or permanent social benefits. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with CLBP, female patients as well as patients who were self-supporting or receiving retirement benefits were significantly more likely than male patients or patients on temporary or permanent social benefits to be a responder to multidisciplinary rehabilitation.
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Dolor Crónico , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Adulto , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dinamarca , Pronóstico , Factores Sexuales , Evaluación de la DiscapacidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In recent years, human and animal studies have provided increasing evidence that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) can produce analgesic effects as well as alleviating resistant epilepsy and depression. Our study was designed to compare the efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation with conventional low back rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). METHODS: Sixty patients with LBP were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 received conventional rehabilitation and home exercise, and Group 2 received transcutaneous auricular VNS and home exercise. Both groups received treatment five days a week for three weeks. Trunk mobility (Modified Schober test, fingertip-to-floor test), muscle strength (CSMI-Cybex Humac-Norm isokinetic dynamometer and Lafayette manual muscle strength measuring device), trunk endurance, balance tests, Visual Analog Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Oswestry Disability Index were evaluated. RESULTS: At the end of three weeks, within-group assessment results showed positive effects on mobility, functional status, depression and sleep in all groups (p < 0.05). Pain level, endurance time and flexion trunk muscle strength results showed more improvement in Group 2 (p < 0.05). Some parameters of isokinetic lower extremity quadriceps muscle strength and fall risk scores showed a significant improvement in Group 1 (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: VNS has been observed to be more effective on pain, trunk muscle strength and endurance duration and sleep status. Auricular VNS may be included in the treatment of patients with CLBP in whom conventional physical therapy is inadequate or not applicable.
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Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Estimulación del Nervio Vago , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/terapia , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estimulación del Nervio Vago/métodos , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dimensión del Dolor , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitaciónRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Chronic low back pain is a public health problem in view of its functional repercussions and the functional rehabilitation is an integral part of its management. AIM: To compare the evolution of muscle strentgh of spinal extensors and flexors in chronic low back pain patients after an isokinetic rehabilitation protocol and a conventional rehabilitation one. METHOD: This was a prospective and comparative study carried out in the Physical Medicine Department of the Tunis Military Hospital over a period of 7 months. Fifty patients were included, randomly divided into two groups of 25. The first group (G1) benefited from an isokinetic rehabilitation protocol and the second one (G2) from a classic active physiotherapy. We performed a clinical (Sorensen test and Shirado test) and isokinetic evaluation of the trunk muscles before and after rehabilitation. RESULTS: The mean age of the general population was 42±8.6 years old. Clinical evaluation showed a deficit in the extensor and flexor muscles of the spine, more important in the extensors in both groups. After rehabilitation, there was a significant improvement in clinical tests of muscular endurance in G1 and G2. Isokinetic assessment showed a greater muscle deficit in the extensors in both groups. After isokinetic rehabilitation, peak torque for flexors and extensors increased by 21% and 23% respectively, power was 34% and 37% higher, and total work increased by 26% and 47%. On the other hand, the (F/E) ratios were unchanged for all three speeds. In Group 2, peak torque values for flexors and extensors increased by 22 and 15% respectively, power was higher by 31 and 23% and total work was also up by 29 and 17%, while F/E ratios were also unchanged. Group 1 showed the greatest improvement in extensor strength at 60°/s, and in power at 90°/s for the various muscles. CONCLUSION: In our study, we concluded that endurance and muscular strength improved the most after isokinetic rehabilitation.
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Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Fuerza Muscular , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/fisiopatología , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dolor Crónico/fisiopatología , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , TúnezRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the effectiveness of aquatic physiotherapy and therapeutic exercise in the physical and functional performance of patients with chronic low back pain. METHODS: Twenty-six participants were randomized into 3 groups, namely an aquatic physiotherapy group (AG), a therapeutic exercise group (EG), and a control group (CG). The pain, disability, and quality of life were compared before and after the exercise protocols for 2 months, twice a week, on alternate days, for 60 min. For statistical analyses, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test the difference between the groups; the Wilcoxon test and the effect size were used for before-and-after comparisons. RESULTS: Twenty participants completed the study. There was a significant difference improvement in pain between the AG and the EG (p = 0.004), between the EG and the CG (p = 0.05), and in social role functioning between the groups (p = 0.02). No differences were observed in the other analyzed variables between the groups. Compared to the pre-treatment state, there were significant improvements in the AG in terms of pain (p = 0.02), functionality (p = 0.03), and general health status (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The AG group showed significant and clinical improvement in pain, disability, and quality of life. Improvements related to social aspects were found in the EG compared to the CG. The water provides a safe environment that facilitates the onset of exercise, so aquatic physiotherapy could be considered the first recommendation for patients with low back pain.
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Terapia por Ejercicio , Hidroterapia , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/terapia , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Femenino , Masculino , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hidroterapia/métodos , Dimensión del Dolor , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Evaluación de la DiscapacidadRESUMEN
Despite the well-known impact of depression on patients with chronic pain and its association, few studies have evaluated its related factors in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation settings. The objective of the present study was to assess the factors associated with depression in adult patients undergoing rehabilitation for chronic pain at Hospital Rebagliati (HNERM) in Peru. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between June and August 2023, involving 212 adult patients with chronic pain undergoing rehabilitation at HNERM. Data were collected through a survey, including sociodemographic information, pain characteristics, and depression assessment using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and generalized linear models to identify factors associated with depression. Among 212 participants, 17.9% had a depression diagnosis based on the PHQ-9 (cutoff score: 10 points). Factors associated with a higher frequency of depression included a time since pain diagnosis of 3-6 months [adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR): 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.27], severe pain (aPR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.04-1.32), comorbidities (for 1: aPR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08-1.35; for 2: aPR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06-1.29; for ≥3: aPR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.10-1.47), use of ≥2 medications for pain management (aPR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.13-1.42), and receipt of psychological therapy (aPR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.09-1.46). Nonpharmacological interventions did not show an association with an increased prevalence of depression. These findings underscore the significance of adopting a comprehensive approach to chronic pain management, including the screening, assessment, and treatment of associated depression.
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Dolor Crónico , Humanos , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dolor Crónico/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Perú , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Depresión/epidemiología , AncianoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of an early postsurgical intervention consisting of graded activity and pain education (GAPE) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) undergoing lumbar spinal fusion (LSF) on sedentary behavior, disability, pain, fear of movement, self-efficacy for exercise and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 3-, 6-, and 12 months follow-up. DESIGN: A parallel-group, observer-blinded randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Occupational- and Physiotherapy and the Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. PARTICIPANTS: In total, 144 participants undergoing an LSF for CLBP were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. INTERVENTIONS: The intervention group received 9 sessions of GAPE, based on principles of operant conditioning. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was reduction in time spent in sedentary behavior, measured by an accelerometer at 3 months. The secondary outcomes were reduction in time spent in sedentary behavior at 12 months and changes from baseline to 3-, 6-, and 12 months on disability, pain, fear of movement, self-efficacy for exercise, and HRQoL. RESULTS: No difference in changes in sedentary behavior between groups was found 3 months after surgery. At 12 months after surgery, there was a significant difference between groups (mean difference: -25.4 min/d (95% confidence interval -49.1 to -1.7)) in favor of the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with usual care, GAPE had no effect on short-term changes in sedentary behavior but GAPE had a statistical, but possibly not clinical significant effect on sedentary behavior 12 months after LSF. Further, the behavioral intervention was safe to perform.
Asunto(s)
Miedo , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Vértebras Lumbares , Calidad de Vida , Conducta Sedentaria , Autoeficacia , Fusión Vertebral , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Vértebras Lumbares/cirugía , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/métodos , Adulto , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Método Simple Ciego , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitaciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To identify the smallest worthwhile effect (SWE) of exercise therapy for people with non-specific chronic low back pain (CLBP). DESIGN: Discrete choice experiment. METHODS: The SWE was estimated as the lowest reduction in pain that participants would consider exercising worthwhile, compared to not exercising i.e., effects due to natural history and other components (e.g., regression to the mean). We recruited English-speaking adults in Australia with non-specific CLBP to our online survey via email obtained from a registry of previous participants and advertisements on social media. We used discrete choice experiment to estimate the SWE of exercise compared to no exercise for pain intensity. We analysed the discrete choice experiment using a mixed logit model, and mitigated hypothetical bias through certainty calibration, with sensitivity analyses performed with different certainty calibration thresholds. RESULTS: Two-hundred and thirteen participants completed the survey. The mean age (±SD) was 50.7±16.5, median (IQR) pain duration 10 years (5-20), and mean pain intensity (±SD) was 5.8±2.3 on a 0-10 numerical rating scale. For people with CLBP the SWE of exercise was a between-group reduction in pain of 20%, compared to no exercise. In the sensitivity analyses, the SWE varied with different levels of certainty calibration; from 0% without certainty calibration to 60% with more extreme certainty calibration. CONCLUSION: This patient-informed threshold of clinical importance could guide the interpretation of findings from randomised trials and meta-analyses of exercise therapy compared to no exercise.
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Dolor Crónico , Terapia por Ejercicio , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Dimensión del Dolor , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/terapia , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/rehabilitación , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Anciano , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Conducta de ElecciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Specific neck exercises are recommended in the rehabilitation of chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNNP). They are unfortunately often accompanied by acute pain flare-ups. Global exercises might be a beneficial addition, as they activate endogenous analgesia without overloading painful structures. However, it is still unclear which type of exercise is most effective. This randomized controlled trial was done to evaluate the effect of an online blended program of global and specific neck exercises, compared to programs including only 1 of both types of exercise. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with CNNP were randomized into 3 groups. Online questionnaires were collected at baseline, at midtreatment, immediately after treatment, and at the 3-month follow-up. Quantitative sensory testing and actigraphy were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Linear mixed-model analyses were performed to evaluate treatment effects within and between groups. Neck pain-related disability after treatment was considered the primary outcome. RESULTS: No time × treatment interaction effects were found. All groups improved in neck pain-related disability, pain intensity, self-reported symptoms of central sensitization, local pain sensitivity, physical activity, and pain medication use. No effects were found on quality of life, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, stress, widespread pain sensitivity, health economics, or actigraphy measurements. A higher global perceived effect was reported after performing the blended program, compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: A blended exercise program was not superior to the stand-alone programs in reducing disability. Nevertheless, the global perceived effect of this type of exercise was higher. Future research necessitates larger sample sizes to adequately explore the optimal type of exercise for patients with CNNP. IMPACT: Exercise therapy should be an important part of the rehabilitation of patients with CNNP, regardless of the type of exercise.
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Dolor Crónico , Terapia por Ejercicio , Dolor de Cuello , Dimensión del Dolor , Humanos , Dolor de Cuello/rehabilitación , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Masculino , Femenino , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Calidad de Vida , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The learning healthcare system (LHS) has been developed to integrate patients' clinical data into clinical decisions and improve treatment outcomes. Having little guidance on this integration process, we aim to explain (a) an applicable analytic tool for clinicians to evaluate the clinical outcomes at a group and an individual level and (b) our quality improvement (QI) project, analyzing the outcomes of a new outpatient pain rehabilitation program ("Back-in-Action": BIA) and applying the analysis results to modify our clinical practice. METHODS: Through our LHS (CHOIR; https://choir.stanford.edu), we administered the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMIS)® before and after BIA. After searching for appropriate analytic tools, we decided to use the Reliable Change Index (RCI) to determine if an observed change in the direction of better (improvement) or worse (deterioration) would be beyond or within the measurement error (no change). RESULTS: Our RCI calculations revealed that at least a 9-point decrease in the PCS scores and 10-point increase in the CPAQ scores would indicate reliable improvement. RCIs for the PROMIS measures ranged from 5 to 8 T-score points (i.e., 0.5-0.8 SD). When evaluating change scores of the PCS, CPAQ, and PROMIS measures, we found that 94% of patients showed improvement in at least one domain after BIA and 6% showed no reliable improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Our QI project revealed RCI as a useful tool to evaluate treatment outcomes at a group and an individual level, and RCI could be incorporated into the LHS to generate a progress report automatically for clinicians. We further explained how clinicians could use RCI results to modify a clinical practice, to improve the outcomes of a pain program, and to develop individualized care plans. Lastly, we suggested future research areas to improve the LHS application in pain practice.
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Aprendizaje del Sistema de Salud , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente , Humanos , Aprendizaje del Sistema de Salud/métodos , Masculino , Femenino , Dolor Crónico/rehabilitación , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Mejoramiento de la Calidad , Persona de Mediana Edad , Catastrofización , Resultado del Tratamiento , Manejo del Dolor/métodos , Adulto , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
QUESTION: What is the effect of health coaching on physical activity, disability, pain and quality of life compared with a non-active control in adults with chronic non-cancer pain? DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Evidence was synthesised as standardised mean differences with 95% confidence intervals using random-effects models. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to determine evidence certainty. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus and PEDro were searched from inception to November 2023. PARTICIPANTS: Adults with chronic non-cancer pain. INTERVENTION: Health coaching to increase physical activity. OUTCOME MEASURES: Measures of physical activity, disability, pain and quality of life. RESULTS: Twenty-six randomised trials (n = 4,403) were included. Trials had moderate to high risk of bias. Health coaching had a trivial to small effect on improving physical activity compared with control (15 trials; SMD 0.21, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.35; low certainty evidence). Health coaching had a small effect on improving disability (19 trials; SMD 0.25, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.32; moderate certainty evidence) and pain (19 trials; SMD 0.31, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.43; very low certainty evidence) compared with control. The effect of health coaching on quality of life was unclear due to significant imprecision in the effect estimate (five trials; SMD 0.19, 95% CI -0.14 to 0.53; moderate certainty evidence). CONCLUSION: Health coaching promotes a trivial to small improvement in physical activity and small improvements in disability and pain in adults with chronic non-cancer pain. The effect of health coaching on quality of life remains unclear. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42020182740.