RESUMEN
RESUMEN El síndrome de Down con frecuencia se acompaña de defectos bucodentales que comprometen la función masticatoria y fonatoria del paciente. Las acciones de prevención y promoción de salud bucal, el diagnóstico precoz y seguimiento de estas enfermedades, contribuyen al logro del verdadero enfoque interdisciplinario que demandan estos pacientes, para lograr una plena inclusión social. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre el tema, con el objetivo de estructurar los referentes teóricos relacionados con los principales defectos bucodentales -congénitos y adquiridos- que afectan a la población con síndrome de Down, para lograr la prevención de estos defectos y el incremento de la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Los defectos bucodentales congénitos más frecuentes encontrados en la trisomía 21, fueron la microdoncia, la macroglosia y la erupción dental tardía. La enfermedad periodontal fue el defecto adquirido de mayor presentación, al que se asocian diversos factores de riesgo, muchos modificables. Las intervenciones tempranas en salud bucal pueden incrementar la calidad de vida de los niños y adultos que padecen este trastorno, ayudándolos a lograr un pleno desarrollo como seres humanos (AU).
ABSTRACT Down's syndrome is frequently accompanied by oral-dental defects compromising the masticatory and phonatory function of the patients. Oral health promotion and prevention actions, precocious diagnosis and follow-up of these diseases contribute to achieving the true interdisciplinary approach these patients demand to reach their full social inclusion. A bibliographic search on the theme was carried out, with the objective of structuring the theoretical referents related to the main oral-dental defects -congenital and acquired-, affecting the population with Down's syndrome to reach these defects prevention and increasing these patients' life quality. The congenital oral-dental defects more commonly found in trisomy 21 were microdontia, macroglossia, and delayed tooth eruption. Periodontal disease was more frequently found acquired defect, to which several risk factors are associated, many of them modifiable. Early interventions in oral health may improve the life quality of these children and adults, helping them to achieve a full development as human beings (AU).
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Enfermedades Dentales/congénito , Síndrome de Down/patología , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades Dentales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Dentales/terapia , Salud Bucal , Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Boca/terapia , Fenómenos Fisiológicos de la DenticiónRESUMEN
Heterotopic gastrointestinal cyst of the oral cavity is a rare congenital lesion that may arise from ectopic undifferentiated endodermal cells. Imaging, particularly MRI, is useful for surgical planning. On MRI, the cysts typically demonstrate high signal on T2-weighted sequences and variable signal on T1-weighted sequences, which can resemble other conditions, such as dermoids. On histology, the appearance of these lesions can be variable, and may include stratified squamous, simple and ciliated columnar, as well as foveolar and intestinal-type epithelia, often surrounding by smooth muscle. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice.
Asunto(s)
Coristoma , Quistes/congénito , Intestinos , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Estómago , Femenino , Humanos , Recién NacidoRESUMEN
The purpose of this paper is to discuss a rare case of bilateral congenital mucous extravasation phenomenon on buccal mucosa near commissure of mouth. The lesions were noted at birth, subsequently enlarged to interfere with feeding. The lesion frequently ruptured, regressed, and again enlarged to interfere with normal function. The lesions were surgically removed under general anesthesia at 11 months of age and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. Postoperative follow-up after 14 months showed no recurrence.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Mucosa Bucal , Mucocele/congénito , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca/cirugía , Mucosa Bucal/cirugía , Mucocele/cirugíaRESUMEN
Despite the many types of oral pathologic lesions found in infants and children, the most commonly encountered are benign soft tissue lesions. The clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatment algorithms of pathologies in the age group from birth to 18 years of age are summarized based on their prevalence in each given age distribution. Treatment modalities include both medical and surgical management.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Boca/terapia , Biopsia , Niño , Humanos , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/patología , Patología BucalRESUMEN
Melanocytic nevi are congenital or acquired benign proliferations of cells of melanocytic origin. Oral congenital melanocytic nevi are rare, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study is to present the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of an oral congenital melanocytic nevus in a 16-year-old female with an 11-year follow-up and to review the pertinent literature. The reported case is the fifth well-documented case report of oral congenital melanocytic nevus in the English literature and the first with a long period of follow-up, thereby making it an important contribution to the knowledge regarding this uncommon oral mucosa lesion.
Asunto(s)
Mucosa Bucal/patología , Nevo Pigmentado/congénito , Nevo Pigmentado/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/congénito , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Adolescente , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/patologíaRESUMEN
The eruption of developed teeth from the buccal mucosa is a rare phenomenon in the head and neck region. Such phenomena are possibly choristomas, tumorlike masses of histologically normal tissue occurring in an abnormal position. However, the accurate classification of this abnormality remains debatable. This report describes a case of a congenital, maldevelopmental, and noncystic lesion in a 4-year-old girl without other anomalies. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of multiple supernumerary teeth forming in the buccal and zygomatic regions.
Asunto(s)
Coristoma/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Erupción Ectópica de Dientes/etiología , Diente Supernumerario/patología , Preescolar , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico/métodos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Imagenología Tridimensional/métodosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Dermoid cyst is a frequently used descriptive term, but its definition changes according to the clinician (eg, dermatologists, neurologists, gynecologists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and plastic surgeons). It is sometimes used synonymously with teratoma. In oral and maxillofacial surgery, it is applied to describe congenital floor-of-mouth cysts of 3 histologic types: epidermoid, dermoid, and teratoid. This terminology is confusing and has led to some ambiguity in the literature. The purpose of this report is to document 3 cases illustrating the utility of a more specific term, congenital germline fusion cyst of the floor of the mouth. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who presented with floor-of-mouth swelling were evaluated by history, clinical examination, and imaging studies (magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography). RESULTS: Three cases (1 epidermoid variant, 1 dermoid variant, and 1 teratoid variant) are documented to illustrate the new terminology. CONCLUSION: Congenital germline fusion cyst is more reflective of the embryologic origins of the lesion than dermoid cyst and is inclusive of all 3 histologic variants.
Asunto(s)
Quiste Dermoide/clasificación , Enfermedades de la Boca/clasificación , Suelo de la Boca/patología , Terminología como Asunto , Adolescente , Anciano , Quiste Dermoide/congénito , Quiste Dermoide/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/patologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Hairy polyps are rare, congenital malformations of the oropharynx and nasopharynx. To date, approximately 145 cases have been reported. However, the histogenesis of these lesions remains unclear. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 2-day-old neonate presenting with a hairy polyp attached to the left palate, who re-presented aged 16 months with a discharging first branchial arch sinus. CONCLUSION: We propose this case as supporting evidence for the theory that hairy polyps are a malformation of the first branchial arch system.
Asunto(s)
Región Branquial/anomalías , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Pólipos/congénito , Fístula Cutánea/congénito , Fístula Cutánea/cirugía , Conducto Auditivo Externo/anomalías , Conducto Auditivo Externo/cirugía , Enfermedades del Oído/congénito , Enfermedades del Oído/cirugía , Fístula/congénito , Fístula/cirugía , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca/cirugía , Paladar Blando/cirugía , Pólipos/cirugíaRESUMEN
Os vírus T Linfotrópico humano representam um grupo de retrovírus que possuem tropismo por linfócitos T e são transmitidos pelas vias parenteral, vertical e sexual. Foram identificados os tipos 1, 2, 3 e 4 sendo que o vírus T Linfotrópico humano -1 tem sido o mais associado ao desenvolvimento de doenças nos pacientes infectados. A estimativa global é de que 15 a 20 milhões de pessoas estejam infectadas pelo vírus T Linfotrópico humano -1. No Brasil o vírus é endêmico, apresentando o maior número absoluto de casos no mundo e sendo incluído na triagem hematológica realizada nos hemocentros. As principais doenças associadas ao vírus T Linfotrópico humano -1 são a leucemia/linfoma de células T do adulto e a paraparesia espástica tropical. A única manifestação bucal associada ao vírus T Linfotrópico humano é o linfoma de células T do adulto, sendo que alguns autores apontam para a possibilidade de pacientes com paraparesia espástica tropical também apresentarem a síndrome de Sjõgren relacionada à infecção pelo vírus. O fato de o vírus T Linfotrópico humano ser um vírus contagioso e com capacidade oncogênica requer a atenção do cirurgião-dentista tanto no manejo odontológico quanto no diagnóstico de possíveis doenças associadas.
The human T-lymphotropic viruses represent a group of retroviruses that possess tropism for T lymphocytes and are transmitted parenterally, vertically and sexually. Four types have been identified, 1, 2, 3 and 4. Type 1 has been most frequently associated with disease in infected individuals. It is estimated that 15 to 20 million people are affected by human T-lymphotropic virus type 1. In Brazil, the virus is endemic, presenting the greatest absolute number of cases in the world and included in blood bank screening tests. The main diseases associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 are adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis. The only oral manifestation associated with human T-lymphotropic virus is adult T-cell lymphoma. Some authors believe it is possible for some patients with tropical spastic paraparesis to also present virus-related Sjõgren?s syndrome. Since human T-lymphotropic virus is contagious and potentially oncogenic, it demands attention from the dental surgeon not only for dental management but also for diagnosing associated diseases.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Boca/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Boca/patología , Enfermedades de la Boca/prevención & control , Enfermedades de la Boca/terapia , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/transmisión , Virus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/fisiologíaRESUMEN
An eruption cyst is an epithelial cyst of the oral mucosa. We report a case of a congenital eruption cyst successfully managed by removal of fluid from the cyst followed by close monitoring of the lesion until its remission once the teeth had erupted.
Asunto(s)
Quistes/patología , Enfermedades de la Boca/patología , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Erupción Dental , Quistes/congénito , Quistes/terapia , Drenaje , Epitelio/patología , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/terapiaRESUMEN
Prenatal diagnosis of oral cystic lesions is rare but is reported more frequently. The diagnosis of sublingual cyst is important because of the potential for airway obstruction. A rare case of a foregut duplication cyst associated with unilateral sclerocorneal microphthalmia is reported. The differential diagnosis and the limitations of the prenatal ultrasound and the postnatal MRI are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Quistes/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Enfermedades de la Córnea/patología , Quistes/congénito , Quistes/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/patología , Embarazo , Enfermedades de la Esclerótica/patología , Ultrasonografía PrenatalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterize otolaryngologic markers for the early diagnosis of Turner syndrome (TS). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort survey. SETTING: Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). PATIENTS: Ninety-one females, 7-61 years old (average=28.7 y), enrolled in a multidisciplinary study of karyotype-phenotype correlations in TS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age at diagnosis, X chromosome karyotype, history of chronic or recurrent otitis media (OM), sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), palate dysmorphism, pinna deformity, pterygium colli, low posterior hairline, low-set ears, and micrognathia. RESULTS: Sixty-nine (76%) patients had a history of chronic or recurrent OM, 62 (68%) had a dysmorphic palate, 57 (63%) had SNHL, and 90 (99%) had one or more of these findings. 83 (91%; average age at diagnosis=9.4 y) had one or more external craniofacial signs: pinna abnormalities, pterygium colli, low-set ears, micrognathia or a low posterior hairline. Eight patients (average age at diagnosis=13.2 y) had no external craniofacial signs, although seven (88%) of these eight patients had a history of chronic or recurrent OM, dysmorphic palate or SNHL. The age at diagnosis was not significantly different between groups with or without external craniofacial signs (P=0.126). CONCLUSIONS: PATIENTS with mild or incompletely penetrant TS phenotypes often present with otitis media, hearing loss, or both before the diagnosis of TS is established. Palatal dysmorphism, including ogival morphology, is another otolaryngologic marker for TS. Prompt recognition of these manifestations of TS could hasten its diagnosis and appropriate medical care.
Asunto(s)
Pérdida Auditiva/genética , Enfermedades de la Boca/genética , Otitis Media/genética , Síndrome de Turner/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Diagnóstico Precoz , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Hueso Paladar/anomalías , Estudios Prospectivos , Síndrome de Turner/complicaciones , Síndrome de Turner/genética , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The congenital infiltrating lipomatosis (LCI) represents a distinct, clinical and pathological aspect of fat soft-tissue neoplasia; very few cases of which have been described in literature. In 1983, Slavin and Cols described the main characteristics of LCI as:(1) non-encapsulated tumours containing mature adipocites, (2) fat infiltration in muscles and adjacent soft parts, (3) absence of malignant characteristics, (4) absence of lipoblasts, (5) presence of fibrous elements, increased number of vessels and nerves and (6) adjacent bone hypertrophy. In this article, we describe a congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face in a child and discuss the diagnoses and the treatment of this disease.
Asunto(s)
Cara/patología , Lipomatosis/congénito , Lipomatosis/diagnóstico , Preescolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Cara/cirugía , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Lipomatosis/patología , Lipomatosis/cirugía , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Boca/cirugíaAsunto(s)
Coristoma/congénito , Quistes/congénito , Mucosa Gástrica , Mucosa Intestinal , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Coristoma/diagnóstico , Coristoma/cirugía , Quistes/diagnóstico , Quistes/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Boca/cirugía , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Orales/métodos , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
We describe a 4-year-old, otherwise healthy boy with a congenital history of a perioral and labial segmental café-au-lait macule, who was noted to have unilateral localized gingival hyperpigmentation that aligned with the café-au-lait macule. This case is highly illustrative of the embryologic timing of the genetic event locally, which leads to café-au-lait type hyperpigmentation. Because the facial features and the ectoderm overlying the facial muscles develop around the third to fourth week of gestation, the distribution of this café-au-lait macule suggests development at the same time.
Asunto(s)
Manchas Café con Leche/patología , Enfermedades de la Boca/patología , Manchas Café con Leche/congénito , Mejilla/patología , Preescolar , Encía/patología , Humanos , Labio/patología , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénitoRESUMEN
Oral cysts in the neonatal period are very uncommon and may cause morbidity and mortality if not treated expeditiously. We report 2 cases of neonatal oral cysts that were managed successfully.
Asunto(s)
Quistes/congénito , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Quistes/cirugía , Anomalías del Sistema Digestivo/cirugía , Quiste Epidérmico/congénito , Quiste Epidérmico/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca/cirugía , Suelo de la Boca/cirugía , Enfermedades de la Lengua/congénito , Enfermedades de la Lengua/cirugíaRESUMEN
The MRI findings are described in a case of foregut duplication cyst arising from the floor of the mouth in a fetus.
Asunto(s)
Quistes/congénito , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Enfermedades de la Boca/congénito , Suelo de la Boca/patología , Adulto , Quistes/diagnóstico , Quistes/embriología , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Boca/embriología , Embarazo , Diagnóstico Prenatal , Ultrasonografía PrenatalRESUMEN
A neonatal foal was presented with a 6.5-cm pedunculated mass arising from the upper deciduous incisors. The distal end was soft and covered by haired skin, whereas the proximal end was firm, covered with mucosal epithelium, and at the point of transection contained a fully developed tooth. Microscopically, the mass was covered by epidermis and mucosal epithelium and the remaining portion of the mass consisted of mature collagen, nonneoplastic fat and smooth muscle, and a single tooth within a bony socket. The mass is consistent with an oral choristoma and has features similar to those described for hairy polyp in humans.