Waiting for self-healing as a primary management strategy for lower lip mucoceles.

OBJECTIVES: Oral mucoceles are most frequently encountered on the lower lip. A variety of treatment options are currently employed, including surgical excision, pharmacological injections, and laser therapy. However, each of these approaches may introduce risks and potential complications. Clinical practice has demonstrated a potential for self-healing in lower lip mucoceles, making a conservative observational approach more appealing. This research is a prospective study aimed at evaluating the self-healing capacity of lower lip mucoceles. METHODS: In this prospective study, patients with mucoceles were encouraged to intentionally delay medical intervention and to wait for self-healing. Disappearance of the mucocele for at least 3 months was defined as self-healing. RESULTS: Thirty patients with lower lip mucoceles were included. With no intervention, 24 patients (80%) reported self-healing of lower lip mucoceles. The mean natural duration of the mucoceles was 3.63 (± 4.7; 1-24) months. After self-healing of the mucocele, the patients were followed up for 17.21 (± 9.45; 2-30) months and there were no reported recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: Lower lip mucoceles have a high potential for self-healing and patients may be routinely encouraged to wait for self-healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The high self-healing rate observed in this study suggests that a conservative, non-interventional approach might be considered as the first-line management for lower lip mucoceles.

Cross Lip Vermilion Flap and Traumatic Upper Lip Avulsion: Reducing Donor Site Morbidity.

Using a cross lip vermilion flap for upper red lip reconstruction in cases other than whistle deformity in patients with cleft lip can lead to donor site morbidity. If the practitioner performs primary closure of the mucosa in lower vermilion after flap harvesting, the width and height of lower lip are reduced, which results in an increased lower incisor tooth show. Using free fat grafting is an effective method for reducing donor site morbidity in the lower lip following cross lip vermilion flap harvest.

Congenital midline upper lip sinus in an infant.

Congenital lip sinus is a rare entity with upper lip sinus being rarer than the lower lip sinus. It can be an isolated entity or associated with cleft lip, palate or Van der Woude syndrome. Syndromic association requires proper evaluation and aggressive surgical treatment. Preoperative delineation of the sinus tract with ultrasound sonography or MRI is mandatory. Simple excision is sufficient in cases of isolated sinuses. In this article, we report an infant with upper lip sinus managed successfully with simple excision and reviewed the literature.

Combination of phototherapy for treatment of labial necrotizing lesion: case report

Lip necrotizing lesions are painful, complex to heal, and negatively impact the patient's orofacial condition. The present study reports a clinical case of a necrotizing lesion on the lower lip in a 38-year-old male patient, previously healthy, five days after receiving the first dose of the SARS-COV-2 vaccine, with an initial diagnosis of labial herpes zoster, with secondary infection and unsatisfactory response to clinical treatment. After debridement of the necrotic tissue, followed by a combination of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and hydrofiber dressing with silver, the patient evolved with complete healing of the lip lesion and satisfactory restoration of orofacial functions after 7 days. According to the present case report, this combination of phototherapy modalities suggests to be a promising tool for the treatment of necrotizing labial lesions.

Causes and Clinical Sequelae of Riboflavin Deficiency.

Riboflavin, in its cofactor forms flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), plays fundamental roles in energy metabolism, cellular antioxidant potential, and metabolic interactions with other micronutrients, including iron, vitamin B6, and folate. Severe riboflavin deficiency, largely confined to low-income countries, clinically manifests as cheilosis, angular stomatitis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and severe anemia with erythroid hypoplasia. Subclinical deficiency may be much more widespread, including in high-income countries, but typically goes undetected because riboflavin biomarkers are rarely measured in human studies. There are adverse health consequences of low and deficient riboflavin status throughout the life cycle, including anemia and hypertension, that could contribute substantially to the global burden of disease. This review considers the available evidence on causes, detection, and consequences of riboflavin deficiency, ranging from clinical deficiency signs to manifestations associated with less severe deficiency, and the related research, public health, and policy priorities.

Effects of somatosensory perturbation on the perception of French /u/.

In a study of whether somatosensory feedback related to articulatory configuration is involved in speech perception, 30 French-speaking adults performed a speech discrimination task in which vowel pairs along the French /u/ (rounded vowel requiring a small lip area) to /œ/ (rounded vowel associated with larger lip area) continuum were used as stimuli. Listeners had to perform the test in two conditions: with a 2-cm-diameter lip-tube in place (mimicking /œ/) and without the lip-tube (neutral lip position). Results show that, in the lip-tube condition, listeners perceived more stimuli as /œ/, in line with the proposal that an auditory-somatosensory interaction exists.

Reconstruction of Macrocheilia on the Lower Lip Through Bilateral Limited Excision and a Stepwise Single-Stage Approach (BLESS).

BACKGROUND: The surgical management of macrocheilia secondary to port-wine stains is complicated. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to propose an innovative method for treating macrocheilia on the lower lip. METHODS: Patients who underwent the reconstruction of macrocheilia on the lower lip through the innovative approach were examined. Their preoperative and postoperative standard photographs were taken to evaluate the changes in lip length and thickness. The scores on Vancouver scar scale (VSS) and visual analog scale (VAS) were evaluated. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients who underwent the reconstruction of macrocheilia were examined. A follow-up of 12.2 months (6-36 months) was conducted. The lower lip contour and the mentolabial groove were reconstructed to normal appearance. The lip length was shortened from 5.38 ± 0.49 cm pretreatment to 4.59 ± 0.30 cm posttreatment (p = .016). The exposed vermilion was shortened from 2.05 ± 0.48 cm to 1.26 ± 0.12 cm posttreatment (p < .01). The mean VSS and VAS scores were 2.2 ± 1.5 and 8.4 ± 1.3, respectively. CONCLUSION: The bilateral limited excision and stepwise single-stage approach were safe and effective for reconstructing prominent macrocheilia on the lower lip. The technique was also easy to command for the beginners.

Laser therapy and light sources for labial lentigines in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Labial lentigines associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are challenging and represent a cosmetic problem. Laser and intense-pulsed light sources (IPLS) can be used to treat these macules. However, there are few guidelines regarding the different types of protocols found in the literature. Thus, the purpose of this study was to review the pertinent literature on lasers and IPLS as therapy for labial lentigines in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. A detailed literature search was conducted in seven databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, Lilacs, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science) to November 2020. Data were extracted and analyzed from selected studies including study design, sample size, participants' skin color, age, and gender, parameters of the laser or IPLS used, interval and total sessions of laser application, results obtained, follow-up time and side effects. Thirteen out of 124 published studies met our eligibility criteria, covering 81 patients. Ten types of lasers and IPLS were used, and most of the sample (n = 57) was treated with Q-switch Alexandrite Laser (QSAL). The total number of sessions ranged from 1 to 12 and the interval between sessions ranged from 2 to 16 weeks. All studies have shown satisfactory results, with no further complications. The follow-up ranged from 2 to 97 months. Laser therapy and IPLS are effective in the treatment of lentigines associated with PJS. Although QSAL was used in 70.3% of the sample, different types of lasers showed comparable satisfactory results.

Caliber-persistent labial artery: report of 3 cases

Abstract The caliber-persistent labial artery is a vascular anomaly in which a primary arterial branch penetrates into the submucosal tissue without reduction in diameter. Most lesions are benign and do not require treatment, except for complications and/or on patient demands. In this way, noninvasive diagnostic tools are preferred such as high-resolution and color Doppler ultrasonography which allow direct observation of the lesion, assessing its exact location and diameter at every axis, as well as the blood flow velocity. An excisional biopsy of these lesions or even their surgical extirpation could have a fatal outcome with profuse bleeding.

[Laugier-Hunziker syndrome : A rare differential diagnosis of mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation]. / Laugier-Hunziker-Syndrom : Eine seltene Differenzialdiagnose der mukokutanen Hyperpigmentierung.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is characterized by lentiginous hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa and lips. In addition, longitudinal melanonychia and palmoplantar hyperpigmented lesions may occur. LHS is a clinical diagnosis of exclusion. Herein, we report the case of a 66-year-old woman with LHS. The clinical and histopathologic features of LHS are presented and important differential diagnoses are discussed.

Caliber-persistent labial artery: report of 3 cases.

The caliber-persistent labial artery is a vascular anomaly in which a primary arterial branch penetrates into the submucosal tissue without reduction in diameter. Most lesions are benign and do not require treatment, except for complications and/or on patient demands. In this way, noninvasive diagnostic tools are preferred such as high-resolution and color Doppler ultrasonography which allow direct observation of the lesion, assessing its exact location and diameter at every axis, as well as the blood flow velocity. An excisional biopsy of these lesions or even their surgical extirpation could have a fatal outcome with profuse bleeding.