Incidence and Risk Factors for Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury in Hemodynamically Unstable Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and identify potential risk factors for medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI) in critically ill and hemodynamically unstable adults (patients classified class III or IV on the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28; TISS-28). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The target population was critically ill adults who were using one or more medical devices and categorized as class III or IV on the TISS-28. The study sample comprised 77 participants followed daily until discharge, death, transfer, or lesion development. Data were collected from January to March 2020. The study setting was an intensive care unit with 40 beds in a large hospital in a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: Sociodemographic and pertinent clinical data, pressure injury (PI) risk assessed using the Braden Scale for Pressure Sore Risk, and head-to-toe skin inspections were completed. The incidence rate of MDRPIs was calculated, and survival analyses were completed via the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model. RESULTS: Forty-nine of 77 participants developed an MDRPI, reflecting an incidence rate of 63.6%. Collectively, 71 MDRPIs occurred in these 49 participants. Univariate analysis indicated significant associations between MDRPI occurrences and level of consciousness ( P = < .001), use of tube holder for ventilation devices ( P = .013), nasal cannula ( P = .034), nasogastric cannula ( P = .034), presence of edema ( P = .001), infection ( P = .007), higher TISS score ( P = .047), and greater number of medical devices ( P = .022). Survival analysis indicated that a high or very high-risk score on the Braden Scale for Pressure Sore Risk ( P = .043) and edema ( P = .030) are risk factors for MDRPI occurrences in this vulnerable population. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of MDRPIs was 63.6%. The categories with the highest high or very high risk scores on the Braden Scale for Risk of Pressure Pain and Edema emerged as risk factors for MDRPI in this critically ill and vulnerable population.

Medical device-related pressure injuries in intensive care patients: A prospective and descriptive study.

BACKGROUND: Treatment and care of patients in intensive care units require the use of many medical and technological instruments. Pressure injuries occur when medical devices, which are used more in intensive care patients and are in direct or indirect contact with the skin, cause focal and localized forces on the superficial or deep tissues. OBJECTIVE: In this study, it was aimed to examine the risk factors, incidence and characteristics of medical device-related pressure injuries in intensive care patients. METHODS: This study has a prospective and descriptive design. The study was carried out in the adult intensive care unit of a healthcare institution located in the western Turkey. 138 intensive care patients treated in the level 3 adult intensive care unit were enrolled in the study. The first observations and evaluations of intensive care patients in terms of pressure injuries were made within the first 24 h after admission to the clinic. Observations continued daily during the hospitalization period of the patient. Data were collected with the Intensive Care Patient Information Form, Glasgow Coma Scale, Braden Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Scale and Identification Form for Medical device-related Pressure Ulcers. Analysis of data was performed with descriptive statistical methods, Shapiro-Wilk Test, Mann-Whitney U Test and Chi-Square analysis. RESULTS: Medical device-related pressure injury developed in 11.6% (n = 16) of intensive care patients. Anatomically, pressure injury occurred most frequently on the lip (37.5%) and most frequently due to the intubation tube (37.5%). Most of the developed wounds (75.0%) were found to be stage 2. Multinominal logistic regression analysis, which was performed to determine the effect of independent variables on medical device-related pressure injuries in intensive care patients, was found to be statistically significant (X2 = 37.098, p < 0.001). When the regression coefficients were examined, it was found that total hospitalization time in the intensive care unit (ß = 0.948, p < 0.01) and PaCO2 level (ß = 0.923, p < 0.01) had a positive, and duration of aerobic respiration with nasal cannula or mask (ß = -0.920, p < 0.01) and Braden score (ß = -0.948, p < 0.01) had a negative and significant effect on medical device-related pressure injuries. CONCLUSIONS: In this study found that the MDRPIs development rate was lower than other studies. It was observed that pressure injuries due to medical devices developed more frequently in patients with longer hospitalization days, higher PaCO2 levels, shorter duration of oxygenated breathing with nasal cannula or mask, and lower Braden scores.

Incidence, severity and characteristics of medical device-related pressure injuries in adult intensive care patients: A single-centre, cross-sectional study.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the incidence, severity and characteristics of medical device-related pressure injuries in intensive care units. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 187 patients admitted to the Anaesthesia and Reanimation intensive care unit of a university hospital between January and May 2023. The skin of the patients enrolled in the study was assessed for the presence of medical device-related pressure injuries, and all medical devices used were recorded. Data were collected using the Patient Identification Form, the Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury Follow-up Form, and the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Ulcer Risk. RESULTS: It was found that 30.6% of the patients developed medical device-related pressure injuries; of these, 73.7% had stage I pressure injuries. We found that 36.8% of the patients were diagnosed with medical device-related pressure injuries within 8-11 days. The results showed that endotracheal tube (61.4%), non-invasive ventilation/oxygen mask (52.6%), Foley catheter (49.1%), and nasogastric tube (36.8%) devices were the most common causes of the development of medical device-related pressure injuries. Patients' demographic characteristics were found to have a significant effect on the development of medical device-related pressure injuries (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The study found that the incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries was relatively high and that a relationship was observed between the patients' demographic characteristics and medical device-related pressure injuries. It is crucial that ICU nurses, who are more likely to encounter medical device-related pressure injuries, consider these factors when caring for their patients and take appropriate preventive measures to reduce the incidence of these injuries.

Retirada não planejada de dispositivos invasivos e suas implicações para a segurança do paciente crítico / La retirada no planificada dispositivos invasivos y sus implicaciones para la seguridad del paciente crítico / Unplanned removal of invasive devices and their implications for the safety of the critical patient

Objetivo: analisar a retirada não planejada de dispositivos invasivos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, documental com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados a partir do registro da inserção e retirada de tubos, cateteres e drenos, instalados em pacientes críticos. Para análise, utilizou-se a estatística simples. Pesquisa aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, CAAE: 55182716.8.0000.5259. Resultados: O cateter entérico para alimentação se destacou dentre aqueles dispositivos retirados de forma não planejada (42%). Os motivos pelos quais ocorreu a retirada não planejada dos dispositivos foram: retirada pelo paciente (33%), obstrução (30%) e perda acidental (21%). Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados foram semelhantes aos descritos na literatura e devem servir de base para o planejamento de ações direcionadas para uma assistência mais segura.

Objetivo: analizar la eliminación planificada de productos invasivos, en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: estudio documental retrospectivo descriptivo con un enfoque cuantitativo. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de lo registro de la inserción y la eliminación de tubos, catéteres y drenajes, instalado en pacientes críticamente enfermos. Para el análisis, se utilizaron las estadísticas sencillas. De investigación aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación del Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto, CAAE: 55182716.8.0000.5259. Resultados: El catéter para la alimentación entérica se destacaban entre las tomadas de los dispositivos de manera no planificados (42%). Las razones por las que la retirada no fue dispositivos previstos fueron retiradas por el paciente (33%), obstrucción (30%) y la pérdida accidental (21%). Conclusión: Los resultados fueron similares a los descritos en la bibliografía y debe ser la base para la planificación de acciones orientadas a una atención más segura.

Objective: to analyze the unplanned removal of invasive devices in an intensive care unit. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective, documental study with a quantitative approach. The data were collected from the registry of the insertion and removal of tubes, catheters and drains, installed in critical patients. For analysis, simple statistics were used. Research approved by the research ethics committee of the Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, CAAE: 55182716.8.0000.5259. Results: The enteric catheter for feeding was highlighted among those devices withdrawn in an unplanned manner (42%). The reasons for the unplanned removal of the devices were: patient withdrawal (33%), obstruction (30%) and accidental loss (21%). Conclusion: The results were similar to those described in the literature and should serve as a basis for planning actions directed towards safer assistance.

Aplicación de técnicas de clustering para caracterizar proveedores de servicios de mantenimiento / Applying the clustering technique for characterising maintenance outsourcing

Objetivo Utilizar técnicas de clustering para caracterizar a los proveedores de servicios de mantenimiento de una institución de salud. Métodos El estudio analiza el inventario del equipamiento perteneciente a 7 áreas pilotos (264 equipos médicos). Se aplican técnicas de clustering usando 26 variables. Entre las más significativas: el tiempo de respuesta (RT), la duración de las intervenciones (DR), la disponibilidad y el tiempo de cambio de estado (TAT). Resultados La obsolescencia del equipo biomédico en promedio es de 0,78. Se identifican 4 grupos de proveedores de servicios. Grupos (1 y 3): Mejor desempeño, menores valores de TAT, RT y DR; cuyos proveedores son: O, L, C, B, I, S, H, F, G; representan el 56 por ciento del total; con valores de TAT entre: 1,4 días

Objective Using clustering techniques for characterising companies providing health institutions with maintenance services. Methods The study analysed seven pilot areas' equipment inventory (264 medical devices). Clustering techniques were applied using 26 variables. Response time (RT), operation duration (OD), availability and turnaround time (TAT) were amongst the most significant ones. Results Average biomedical equipment obsolescence value was 0.78. Four service provider clusters were identified: clusters 1 and 3 had better performance, lower TAT, RT and DR values (56 percent of the providers coded O, L, C, B, I, S, H, F and G, had 1 to 4 day TAT values:

Controle de qualidade e dosimetria em equipamentos de tomografia computadorizada / Quality control and dosimetry in computed tomography units

OBJETIVO: Avaliação de condições dos equipamentos e dosimetria em setores de tomografia computadorizada utilizando protocolos de cabeça, abdome e coluna lombar em pacientes adultos (em três equipamentos distintos) e pediátricos com até um ano e meio de vida (em um dos equipamentos avaliados). MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram estimados o índice de dose em tomografia computadorizada e a dose média em cortes múltiplos, em exames com pacientes adultos, em três distintos equipamentos. Ainda foram estimadas as doses na superfície de entrada e as doses absorvidas em exame de cabeça para pacientes adultos e pediátricos em um dos equipamentos avaliados. RESULTADOS: Foram realizados testes de controle de qualidade, mecânicos, demonstrando que os equipamentos satisfazem as especificações de uso estabelecidas pelas normas vigentes. Os resultados da dosimetria mostraram que valores de dose média em cortes múltiplos excederam em até 109,0% os valores de níveis de referência, apresentando consideráveis variações entre os equipamentos avaliados neste estudo. As doses absorvidas obtidas com protocolos pediátricos são inferiores aos de pacientes adultos, apresentando redução de até 51,0% na tireoide. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo foram avaliadas as condições de operação de três equipamentos tomográficos, estabelecendo quais parâmetros devem ser trabalhados para a implantação de um programa de controle de qualidade nas instituições onde esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of equipment conditions and dosimetry in computed tomography services utilizing protocols for head, abdomen, and lumbar spine in adult patients (in three different units) and pediatric patients up to 18 months of age (in one of the units evaluated). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Computed tomography dose index and multiple-scan average dose were estimated in studies of adult patients with three different units. Additionally, entrance surface doses as well as absorbed dose were estimated in head studies for both adult and pediatric patients in a single computed tomography unit. RESULTS: Mechanical quality control tests were performed, demonstrating that computed tomography units comply with the equipment-use specifications established by the current standards. Dosimetry results have demonstrated that the multiple-scan average dose values were in excess of up to 109.0% the reference levels, presenting considerable variation amongst the computed tomography units evaluated in the present study. Absorbed doses obtained with pediatric protocols are lower than those with adult patients, presenting a reduction of up to 51.0% in the thyroid gland. CONCLUSION: The present study has analyzed the operational conditions of three computed tomography units, establishing which parameters should be set for the deployment of a quality control program in the institutions where this study was developed.

Evaluacion de la precision de los cronometros de los aparatos de Rayos X de una facultad de odontologia / Evaluation of the precision of the devices marking the time of the X-ray machines of an faculty of dentistry

En los aparatos de rayos X odontologicos, que existen en el mercado brasileño, el unico factor de exposicion regulable es el dispositivo indicador de tiempo en que estos aparatos emiten durante el procedimiento radiografico. La propuesta de este estudio es evaluar los aparatos de rayos X que son habitualmente utilizados en las clinicas y laboratorios de la Facultad de Odontologia de Ribeirao Preto de USP, respecto al grado de precision de sus marcadores de tiempo de exposicion. Se analizaron 23 aparatos de rayos X de FORP/USP, en intervalos de tiempo de 0,25 segundos, 0,40 segundos y 1,00 segundo. Para eso se ha utilizado un cronometro de rayos X. Todos los aparatos controlados presentaron mal funcionamiento del marcador de tiempo; mas del 5 por ciento de error aceptable. Cuanto menor el "set" de exposicion, mayor es el equivoco registrado. El error medio fue entre el 11 por ciento y el 50 por ciento, lo que es altamente significativo cuando se utilizan filmes radiograficos del grupo E

Comparative accuracy of glucose monitors

Background. Self-monitoring of blood glucose levels has become an important instrument for the management of patients with diabetes mellitus. Both patients and physicians expect that monitors will provide reliable results. Numerous environmental, physiologic, and operational factors can affects system performance, yielding results that are inaccurate or unpredictable. Methods. This study examined the effect of one factor -high altitude- on the performance of seven blood glucose monitoring systems. The following monitors were compared. two One Touch II; two One Touch Basic; two Reflolux II (Accu-Chec in the USA); two Glucometer 3; one Glucometer 2, and one Accutrend Alpha. Double blood glucose level values were compared with a cotrolled reference laboratory test values, which was unknown to the investigator until the end of the study because the study was double blind. Blood glucose values were obtained using each of the monitors in 200 patients; 150 with diabetes mellitus, and 50 healthy subjects. Results. The One Touch monitors were the only monitors that reported adjusted straight lines (Y0a+bX) that were very similar for all three techniques. In addition, these adjusted straight lines are those closest to the ideal line, Y=X. These same monitors were the only ones that did not reject the null hypothesis Ho: a=0. The relative deviation index at the 20 percent level was less than 3.5 percent for the One Touch II and One Touch Basic monitors; for the rest of the monitors the index was over 14 percent. The clinically accepted EGA region was similar for all study monitors. Conclusions. In conclusion, the One Touch II and One touch Basic Monitors showed greater accuracy in comparison to the other devices. The evaluation of the clinically acceptable region shows practical reliability for all of the monitor used

DISPOSITIVO BUCAL: UNA ALTERNATIVA DE REHABILITACION EN PACIENTES MINUSVALIDOS

Es importante señalar que cualquier innovación que se quiera experimentar y que sea fácil y sencilla de realizar debe tener más ventajas que desventajas, por tanto, este fue el principal motivo que indujo a realizar este estudio donde se demostró de manera muy elocuente las grandes ventajas de este método. Se establece que es un medio o una alternativa, para rehabilitar al paciente a través del potencial residual. A través del dispositivo el minusválido desarrolla capacidades de comunicación, expresa su habilidades, inquietudes. Facilitando su relación con el entorno familiar, escolar(Educación Escolar Especial). El uso o aplicación del aparato también le sirve al paciente como un medio de recreación