Historical and Current Practices in the Management of Fossa Navicularis Strictures.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Fossa navicularis strictures represent a surgically challenging disease process that requires detailed preoperative planning and an understanding of each patient's goals in order to achieve a satisfactory long-term outcome. This review summarizes the various approaches used in the management of fossa navicularis strictures over the past several decades. RECENT FINDINGS: In addition to existing evidence to support open flap- and graft-based reconstruction, recent studies suggest a potential role for limited open repair via a transurethral approach. Open repair of fossa navicularis strictures has become the standard of care with high success rates using local skin flaps or tissue grafts. There remains a very limited role for minimally invasive techniques in definitive management of this disease.

[The urethra of Napoleon, a conduit towards the end of the Empire?] / L'urètre de Napoléon, un conduit vers la fin de l'Empire.

INTRODUCTION: Napoleon died of a cancer of the stomach. Another assumption can be proposed, that of an uronéphrologique pathology. MATERIAL AND METHOD: It is about a historical study basing on the report of autopsy of Antommarchi and the assumptions formulated according to the urinary and nephrologic symptoms presented during his life. RESULTS: Napoleon presented signs of nephropathy in a probable context of metabolic syndrome and many signs of dysurie early on probable stricture of the urethra related to the intensive practice of horse. CONCLUSION: The urethra of Napoleon led France of the empire to the republic.

Charles Richard de Beauregard and the treatment of blennorrhagic urethral stenosis in Madrid in the 18th century: Advertising, secrecy and deception.

OBJECTIVES: Describe the introduction of the treatment for blennorrhagic urethral stenosis in the city of Madrid in the 18th century by the French surgeon Charles de Beauregard, the formulations employed in the preparation of his personal «bougies¼, the advertising in the press, their marketing and distribution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nonsystematic review of the Madrid newspaper Gaceta de Madrid y Diario curioso, erudito, económico y comercial (Madrid Gazette, curious, erudite, financial and commercial) between 1759 and 1790. Review of the medical literature of the 18th century preserved in the Fondo Antiguo of the Biblioteca Histórica of Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Historical Resource of the Historical Library of the Complutense University of Madrid). A Google search of «Charles Richard de Beauregard¼. RESULTS: Charles de Beauregard focused his professional work mainly on the treatment of the urethral sequela of blennorrhagia, phimosis and paraphimosis. He introduced to 18th century Spanish society (with purported originality and clear commercial interests) therapeutic methods based on lead acetate that had already been developed in France by Thomas Goulard. CONCLUSIONS: The urethral sequela of diseases such as blennorrhagic urethritis, stenotic phimosis and paraphimosis were highly prevalent in 18th century Madrid and required complex solutions for the practice of urology of that era. Charles de Beauregard introduced innovative but not original treatments that were invasive but not bloody and that provided him with fame and social prestige. He advertised his professional activity and marketed his therapeutic products through advertisements submitted to the daily press (Madrid Gazette, Gaceta de Madrid).

Urethral strictures.

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Urethral strictures are common and increasingly common in an ageing population. The treatment is controversial and particularly the relative roles of urethrotomy or urethral dilatation on the one hand and urethroplasty on the other. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject including less commonly discussed issues such as the history and pathology of stricture disease. We would hope that a comprehensive overview of the subject will give a sharper perspective to aid the investigation and management of patients with urethral strictures.

[Historic review of the treatment of urethral stenosis]. / Reseñas históricas sobre el tratamiento de la estenosis uretral.

The present paper reviews the various therapeutical schemes with which urologists have approached the difficult problem of urethral stenosis. It pictures a brief history of one particular chapter of Urology that has troubled men since the dawn of mankind and of which many questions still remain unresolved.

Cirugía de la estenosis uretral: análisis y revisión de 50 casos / Surgery of the urethral stenosis: analysis and review of 50 cases

Uno de los problemas de la práctica urológico de resolución más difícil es la estenosis de la uretra, pués afecta a grupos de población de edad económicamente activa en México, y repercute de manera importante en los aspectos personales, laborales y sociales de la vida de los pacientes que la padecen. Son numerosos las técnicas y los procedimientos quirúrgicos que se han descrito para resolver este problema importante de salud pública, y varían entre dilataciones uretrales, técnicas endoscópicas, anastomosis e injertos cutáneos y técnicas de dos tiempos y plastías transpúbicas. En este informe se presenta una revisión de la experiencia obtenida durante los tres últimos años con las técnicas que se han empleado en las diferentes formas de presentación de las estrecheces uretrales de los pacientes atendidos en esta unidad del IMSS, con un análisis de los resultados obtenidos y comentarios y conclusiones al respecto.

[Urethrostenosis from Dupuytren to Guyon: "the tools and the men"]. / L'urétrosténie de Dupuytren à Guyon "des outils et des hommes".

Great progress has been made in the management of urethral narrowing during the second half of the 20th century owing to the appearance of urology as a specialty, to the spinoff of lithotripsy, to the motivation provided by the Argenteuil award and to the refinement of surgical tools. Progress was made in the exploration (impression dilatators, ball exploration) and treatment: permanent or progressive dilatation, cauterization, internal or external urethrotomy. Biographical notes are then given about the surgeons who made this progress possible: Amussat, Benique, Civiale, Desormeaux, Ducamp, Guillon, Heurteloup, Lallemand, Leroy D'Etioles, Maisonneuve, Reybard and Segalas.

[Urethral stricture. A history. From antiquity to the 18th century]. / Rétrécissement de l'urètre. Historique. De l'antiquité au XVIIIe siècle.

Long undistinguished from the other causes of lower urinary tract obstruction, stenosis of the urethra was truly individualized only in the XVIIIth century. Throughout this long history, treatment opposed repeated dilatations, capable of maintaining an acceptable urethral caliber, and methods aimed at directly destroying the stenosis, thereby ensuring permanent recovery.