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Introducción: El cáncer de mama masculino es una patología infrecuente que re-presenta menos del 1% de la patología mamaria maligna, con una edad media de diagnóstico de 67 años. Tiene un peor pronóstico que el cáncer de mama femenino debido a su alto origen genético y baja sospecha, desencadenando diagnósticos inadecuados y tardíos, y disminuyendo la supervivencia a mediano y largo plazo.Objetivo: Describir el caso clínico de un paciente masculino con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama, abordando la presentación clínica, los métodos diagnósticos, el tratamiento oncoespecífico, y la evolución clínica y quirúrgica. Presentación del caso: Se presenta un paciente masculino de 52 años, con evi-dencia de lesión exofítica en mama derecha más ganglio axilar ipsilateral, con diag-nóstico confirmado de patología de cáncer de mama estadio clínico cT4bN1Mx. Se plantea un manejo multidisciplinario: quimioterapia neoadyuvante y mastecto-mía radical derecha. Finalmente recibe tratamiento oncoespecífico y radioterapia con evolución favorable.Discusión: El cáncer de mama masculino tiene una baja incidencia respecto a la mujer, por lo que su sospecha diagnóstica se ve limitada. En etapas iniciales el diagnóstico es inespecífico debido a las pocas manifestaciones clínicas, pero deberá respaldarse en métodos imagenológicos, análisis anatomopatológico e in-munohistoquímico para guiar el tratamiento oncoespecífico.Conclusión: El cáncer de mama masculino posee una sospecha diagnóstica limi-tada que requiere un manejo multidisciplinario específico. La correcta estadifica-ción de la patología depende del seguimiento clínico y un análisis inmunohistoquí-mico oportuno, para un tratamiento adecuado con mejores resultados clínicos y altas tasas de supervivencia.
Introduction: Male breast cancer is an infrequent pathology; it represents less than 1% of malignant breast pathology, with an average age of diagnosis of 67 years. It has a worse prognosis than female breast cancer, due to its high genetic origin and low suspicion, which leads to inadequate and late diagnosis, becoming evident in advanced stages, decreasing survival in the medium and long term.Objective: To describe the clinical case of a patient diagnosed with breast cancer, addressing the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, oncospecific treatment, as well as the corresponding clinical and surgical evolution.Case presentation: We present a 52-year-old male patient, with evidence of exophytic lesion in right breast plus ipsilateral axillary node, with diagnosis confir-med by pathology report of breast cancer, clinical stage: cT4bN1Mx. A multidisci-plinary management is proposed, initially the patient receives neoadjuvant chemo-therapy, then undergoes a surgical procedure: radical right mastectomy. Finally, she receives oncospecific treatment in the specialties of clinical oncology and radiothe-rapy, with favorable evolution.Discussion: Male breast cancer has a low incidence compared to women, so its diagnostic suspicion is limited. In initial stages the diagnosis is unspecific due to the few clinical manifestations, but should be supported by imaging methods and confirmatory methods, an anatomopathological and immunohistochemical analy-sis, to guide oncospecific treatment. Conclusions: Male breast cancer, is an infrequent pathology with limited diagnos-tic suspicion, which requires specific multidisciplinary management. It is important to have a continuous medical follow-up of the patient, to achieve at the time of diagnosis a correct clinical and immunohistochemical staging, which allows to fo-cus on the appropriate management and treatment, with better clinical outcomes and better survival rates.
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Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mastectomía Radical , Hombres , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Oncología MédicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Globally, there are about 800 maternal deaths every day, with low-to-middle-income countries accounting for most of these deaths. A lack of access to maternal healthcare services is one of the main causes of these deaths. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), one of the barriers to accessing maternal healthcare services by women is a lack of their male partners' involvement. This scoping review aimed to assess the enablers and barriers to men's involvement in maternal healthcare services. METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist was used as a guide for this review. We searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2023 in the English language from SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Africa Journals Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar databases. Two reviewers independently conducted the data extraction and article selection. All of the authors discussed and decided on the codes and categories for enablers and barriers after using NVivo to generate them. RESULTS: Twenty-seven articles were used in this review. Of these, seventeen were qualitative studies, six were quantitative studies, and four were mixed-methods studies. The enablers of men's involvement in maternal healthcare were grouped into sociodemographic factors, health system factors, and policy factors, while barriers were grouped into sociodemographic, cultural, economic, and health system barriers. The lack of maternal health knowledge, insufficient economic resources, and unfriendly staff at healthcare facilities all contributed to a lack of involvement by men. CONCLUSION: To improve men's involvement in maternal healthcare in SSA, there should be economic empowerment of both men and women, health education, and the provision of adequate infrastructure in healthcare facilities to accommodate men.
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Salud Materna , Hombres , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Embarazo , África del Sur del Sahara , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/normas , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Materna/normas , Salud Materna/tendencias , Salud Materna/estadística & datos numéricos , Servicios de Salud Materna/normas , Servicios de Salud Materna/tendenciasRESUMEN
Older Black men are underrepresented in research despite being disproportionately affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors related to AD compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Although dietary interventions have shown promise to reduce modifiable CV risk factors related to AD, Black Americans have lower adherence likely due to lack of cultural considerations. Using a noninterventional convergent parallel mixed-methods approach, this study examined the cultural contexts that inform perceptions of dietary interventions among older Midwestern Black men. All participants completed an online demographic and dietary habit survey prior to focus group discussions. Two focus group discussion sessions were conducted with a total of 10 cognitively normal Black men aged 55 years and older. Survey data were analyzed using a frequency analysis and qualitative data were analyzed using a six-step thematic analysis process. Most men indicated having hypertension (N = 7, 77.8%) and currently not following a dietary eating pattern (N = 8, 88.9%). Emerging themes identified included (1) knowledge of dementia, (2) perceptions of dietary interventions, (3) barriers impacting participation in dietary interventions, and (4) overcoming barriers to engage Black men in dietary interventions. Findings from this study should inform the design of future dietary interventions for AD prevention to enhance participation among older Black men.
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Negro o Afroamericano , Hombres , Humanos , Masculino , Población Negra , Grupos Focales , Percepción , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medio Oeste de Estados UnidosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects one in four women globally and is more commonly enacted by men than women. Rates of IPV in South Africa exceed the global average. Exploring the background and context regarding why men use violence can help future efforts to prevent IPV. METHODS: We explored adult men's perspectives of IPV, livelihoods, alcohol use, gender beliefs, and childhood exposure to abuse through a secondary analysis of qualitative interviews that were conducted in South Africa. The setting was a peri-urban township characterized by high unemployment, immigration from rural areas, and low service provision. We utilized thematic qualitative analysis that was guided by the social ecological framework. RESULTS: Of 30 participants, 20 were residents in the neighborhood, 7 were trained community members, and 3 were program staff. Men reported consumption of alcohol and lack of employment as being triggers for IPV and community violence in general. Multiple participants recounted childhood exposure to abuse. These themes, in addition to culturally prescribed gender norms and constructs of manhood, seemed to influence the use of violence. CONCLUSION: Interventions aimed at reducing IPV should consider the cultural and social impact on men's use of IPV in low-resource, high-IPV prevalence settings, such as peri-urban South Africa. This work highlights the persistent need for the implementation of effective primary prevention strategies that address contextual and economic factors in an effort to reduce IPV that is primarily utilized by men directed at women.
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Violencia de Pareja , Hombres , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Sudáfrica/epidemiología , Violencia , Identidad de Género , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Mortality estimates at the subnational level are of urgent need in India for the formulation of policies and programmes at the district level. This is the first-ever study which used survey data for the estimation of life expectancy at birth ([Formula: see text]) for the 640 districts from NFHS-4 (2015-16) and 707 districts from NFHS-5 (2019-21) for the total, male and female population in India. METHODS: This study calculated annual age-specific mortality rates from NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 for India and all 36 states for the total, male and female population. This paper constructed the abridged life tables and estimated life expectancy at birth [Formula: see text] and further estimated the model parameters for all 36 states. This study linked state-specific parameters to the respective districts for the estimation of life expectancy at birth [Formula: see text]for 640 districts from NFHS-4 and 707 districts from NFHS-5 for the total, male and female population in India. RESULTS: Findings at the state level showed that there were similarities between the estimated and calculated [Formula: see text] in most of the states. The results of this article observed that the highest [Formula: see text] varies in the ranges of 70 to 90 years among the districts of the southern region. [Formula: see text] falls below 70 years among most of the central and eastern region districts. In the northern region districts [Formula: see text] lies in the range of 70 years to 75 years. The estimates of life expectancy at birth [Formula: see text] shows the noticeable variations at the state and district levels for the person, male, and female populations from the NFHS (2015-16) and NFHS (2019-21). In the absence of age-specific mortality data at the district level in India, this study used the indirect estimation method of relating state-specific model parameters with the IMR of their respective districts and estimated [Formula: see text] across the 640 districts from NFHS-4 (2015-16) and 707 districts from NFHS-5 (2019-21). The findings of this study have similarities with the state-level estimations of [Formula: see text] from both data sources of SRS and NFHS and found the highest [Formula: see text] in the southern region and the lowest [Formula: see text] in the eastern and central region districts. CONCLUSIONS: In the lack of [Formula: see text] estimates at the district level in India, this study could be beneficial in providing timely life expectancy estimates from the survey data. The findings clearly shows variations in the district level [Formula: see text]. The districts from the southern region show the highest [Formula: see text] and districts from the central and eastern region has lower [Formula: see text]. Females have higher [Formula: see text] as compared to the male population in most of the districts in India.
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Esperanza de Vida , Hombres , Recién Nacido , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , India/epidemiología , Tablas de VidaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention option for those who are most vulnerable to HIV infection, especially young women (YW). Objection by or lack of support from male sexual partners has been shown to impact YW's ability to take PrEP consistently. We explored the views of YW, and male partners and male peers of YW in Siaya County, Western Kenya, to illustrate how men influence, and can support, YW in using PrEP. METHODS: We used Photovoice to capture the views of YW ages 18-24 who were currently or previously enrolled in the DREAMS program and with current or previous experience taking PrEP. We also captured the views of YW's sexual partners and male peers. The YW completed eight photo assignments that focused on identifying factors influencing their PrEP use, and male participants completed four photo assignments focused on identifying ways men support or hinder YW's PrEP use. Photographs were presented and discussed in same- and mixed-gender groups using the SHOWeD method. YW also participated in in-depth interviews. The analysis focused on identifying themes that described men's influence on YW's PrEP adherence and persistence. RESULTS: Among YW, a restricting male influence on PrEP use emerged in the majority of photo assignments such that YW's photographs and discussions revealed that men were more often viewed as barriers than supporters. YW perceived that they had little autonomy over their sexual lives and choice to use PrEP. YW's PrEP use was perceived to be hindered by stigmatizing community narratives that influenced men's support of PrEP use among women. Male participants suggested that men would support YW's PrEP use if PrEP was better promoted in the community and if men were more knowledgeable about its benefits. CONCLUSIONS: A lack of support from male partners and peers and stigmatizing community narratives influence YW's PrEP use. Community-based programs should include education about PrEP specifically for male partners and peers of YW to positively influence PrEP use among YW.
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Fármacos Anti-VIH , Infecciones por VIH , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Fármacos Anti-VIH/uso terapéutico , Kenia , Hombres , Conducta SexualRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Despite the numerous efforts and initiatives, males with HIV are still less likely than women to receive HIV treatment. Across Sub-Saharan Africa, men are tested, linked, and retained in HIV care at lower rates than women, and South Africa is no exception. This is despite the introduction of the universal test-and-treat (UTT) prevention strategy anticipated to improve the uptake of HIV services. The aim of this study was to investigate linkage to and retention in care rates of an HIV-positive cohort of men in a high HIV prevalence rural district in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. METHODS: From January 2018 to July 2019, we conducted an observational cohort study in 18 primary health care institutions in the uThukela district. Patient-level survey and clinical data were collected at baseline, 4-months and 12-months, using isiZulu and English REDCap-based questionnaires. We verified data through TIER.Net, Rapid mortality survey (RMS), and the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) databases. Data were analyzed using STATA version 15.1, with confidence intervals and p-value of ≤0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 343 male participants diagnosed with HIV and who reside in uThukela District. The median age was 33 years (interquartile range (IQR): 29-40), and more than half (56%; n = 193) were aged 18-34 years. Almost all participants (99.7%; n = 342) were Black African, with 84.5% (n = 290) being in a romantic relationship. The majority of participants (85%; n = 292) were linked to care within three months of follow-up. Short-term retention in care (≤ 12 months) was 46% (n = 132) among men who were linked to care within three months. CONCLUSION: While the implementation of the UTT strategy has had positive influence on improving linkage to care, men's access of HIV treatment remains inconsistent and may require additional innovative strategies.
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Infecciones por VIH , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Estudios de Cohortes , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/terapia , Hombres , Sudáfrica/epidemiología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
The COVID-19 pandemic was a socionatural disaster that unprecedentedly disrupted the daily lives of individuals, families, and communities. Prior research indicates that Black American men living in rural contexts, particularly in Southern parts of the United States of America, were disproportionately affected by the psychological and economic effects of the pandemic. Despite these disparities, few studies have examined the pandemic's impact on rural Black American men's social networks. This study aimed to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural Black American men's interpersonal relationships. Informed by the principles of critical ethnography and guided by van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology, seventeen men were interviewed using a semi-structured interview protocol. Interviews were transcribed and then analyzed using an iterative thematic reduction process consistent with van Manen's approach. Four themes were generated: Familial Reorganization, Adaptive Fatherhood, Rona Romance, and Essential Community. Participants recounted how the pandemic motivated them to improve their relationships with family members and children but contributed additional stress to their romantic relationships. Participants further recounted how their friendships were the least impacted as they were willing to make exceptions to their normal protective protocols to socialize with close friends. Participants also noted feeling disconnected from their wider community because they could not attend church even though their religious beliefs remained unchanged. Findings highlight the need for scholars, clinicians, and policymakers to consider men's relational health when developing and implementing pandemic recovery efforts, as it can significantly influence their ability to recuperate mentally and physically. Future research should be dedicated to (1) investigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on fathers, as prior research has nearly exclusively focused on mothers' experiences and (2) delineating protective effects of rural Black American men's involvement in the Black Church from their individual spiritualities to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the influence of contextual crisis on their long-term health and wellbeing.
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Negro o Afroamericano , COVID-19 , Relaciones Interpersonales , Pandemias , Población Rural , Humanos , Masculino , Negro o Afroamericano/psicología , Hombres/psicología , Salud del Hombre , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a menthol (MEN) mouth rinse (MR) on cycling time trial (TT) performance in thermoneutral conditions and to explore the impact of fluid temperature (cold water [CW] or thermoneutral water [TNW]) on MEN's effect on performance. METHODS: Twelve trained male cyclists (VO2 peak, 61.4 ± 12.1 mL/kg/min) completed a cycling TT in thermoneutral conditions (21 ± 0.2 °C, 40 ± 0.6% relative humidity) with four different mouth rinses: (1) MEN + CW; (2) MEN + TNW; (3) CW; and (4) TNW. The time to complete the TT and the power output (W) were recorded. The ratings of perceived exertion (RPE, Borg 6-20), thermal sensation (TS), and thermal comfort (TC) were recorded prior to and throughout the TT. The core body temperature (Tc) and heart rate (HR) were recorded throughout. RESULTS: The TT duration was not significantly different between trials (MEN + TNW: 38:11 ± 12:48, MEN + CW: 37:21 ± 13:00, CW: 38:12 ± 13:54, TNW: 36:06 ± 14:12 mins:secs, p < 0.05). The mean trial power output did not significantly differ between conditions (>0.05). The Tc, HR, RPE, TS, and TC were not significantly different between trials (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that a MEN MR with either CW or TNW does not significantly improve cycling TT performance in trained male cyclists compared to a CW or TNW MR in thermoneutral conditions.
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Mentol , Antisépticos Bucales , Humanos , Masculino , Antisépticos Bucales/farmacología , Mentol/farmacología , Temperatura , Hombres , AguaRESUMEN
This research examined the roles of organization contexts factors and dark personality traits in men's (N = 600) self-reports of sexually harassing behaviors toward women in the workplace. Four organization context factors (a permissive climate, a masculinized job/gender context, male/female contact, and Masculinity Contest Culture [MCC] Norms) and four dark personality traits (psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and sadism) were examined. While only one organizational context factor, MCC Norms correlated with men's admissions of sexually harassing behaviors at work, all four dark personality traits evidenced significant correlations. In a multiple regression analysis, MCC Norms emerged again as the single organizational context predictor and psychopathy as the single personality predictor of men's admissions of sexually harassing behaviors at work. Moderation analyses showed that a masculinized job/gender context interacted with psychopathy to produce more admissions of sexually harassing behaviors. Mediation analyses showed that psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism had indirect relationships with admissions of sexually harassing behaviors through MCC Norms. Higher levels on these traits were related to higher levels of these workplace norms which, in turn, predicted more admissions of sexually harassing behavior. This research sheds new light on how both organizational contexts and enduring personal characteristics of men are related to sexual harassment in the workplace.
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Hombres , Acoso Sexual , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Masculinidad , Sadismo , PersonalidadRESUMEN
Raw bioelectrical impedance (BI) data and vector analysis (BIVA) have been used to evaluate fat-free mass (FFM) cross-sectionally in adolescent athletes; however, there have been no longitudinal studies about it. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of changes in raw BI data (resistance [R], reactance [Xc], and phase angle [PhA]), BIVA, and FFM in adolescent athletes (n = 137, 40% female). BI data were collected using a single-frequency device at baseline and after one year of sports practice. Baseline chronological age categorized the participants (11, 12, or 13 years [y]). In females, Xc/H increased (13 to 14 y, p = 0.04) while R/H decreased in all age groups (p = 0.001). PhA (11 to 12 y, p = 0.048) and FFM (11 to 12 y and 12 to 13 y groups p = 0.001) increased and showed the lowest magnitude of changes in the 13 to 14 y group (p = 0.05). In males, Xc/H decreased (11 to 12 and 12 to 13 y groups, p = 0.001) with a higher magnitude of changes in the 13 to 14 y group (p = 0.004); R/H decreased (p = 0.001); FFM increased in all groups (p = 0.001); however, no magnitude of changes was observed. PhA increased in the 13 to 14 y group (p = 0.004). BIVA showed no differences among ellipse distances in females. In males, a high distance was observed in the 11 to 12 y group. "Time interval" influenced PhA and Xc/H in the female group and R/H and Xc/H in the male group. "Initial age" and "time interval" influenced the increase in PhA in the male group. Raw BI data and BIVA patterns can detect the magnitude of the changes in a sex-dependent manner.
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Composición Corporal , Deportes , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Impedancia Eléctrica , Hombres , AtletasRESUMEN
The relative age effect (RAE) has been the focus of numerous studies; however, there are still fewer studies in women's sports than in men's sports. In this study, all female players (N = 2,255) who participated in Chinese junior tennis competitions (U12, U14, U16, and the National Junior Team) from 2014 to 2019 were investigated in terms of competitors' birth dates and year-end rankings. For the purposes of the analysis, the birth dates were also separated into quarters and half years. The study's objectives were to analyze the prevalence of the RAE among young Chinese female tennis players and to further examine how the RAE affects athletic performance. Differences between the observed and expected distributions of birth dates were tested using the chi-square statistic, and subsequent calculations were tested using odds ratios. The RAE was discovered to be present in every group of Chinese junior female tennis players (p < 0.001), with the proportions of those born in the first half of the year being 56.4% (U12), 53.1% (U14), and 57.0% (U16), respectively. The RAE for athletes selected for the National Women's Junior Tennis Team was even more significant, with the percentage of birth dates in the first half of the year at 61.2%. Finally, we observed a tendency for the effect of the RAE on the athletic performance of adolescent female tennis players to diminish with age.
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Rendimiento Atlético , Tenis , Masculino , Adolescente , Humanos , Femenino , Hombres , Atletas , China , Factores de EdadRESUMEN
Information seeking anxiety is a multidimensional construct that is operationalized as having elements of worry, confusion, and disorganization. Much remains unknown about the ways information seeking anxiety operates among cancer patients in the United States. This study investigated the application of the information seeking anxiety concept among prostate cancer patients by documenting their assessment experiences and examining relationships between information seeking anxiety and treatment information search behaviors. A purposive sample of African American and Caucasian men (N = 63) within 5 years of being diagnosed with localized disease (stage T1 or T2) were recruited to participate through cancer registries, advertisements, and word-of-mouth. Participants completed a self-administered survey with items that collected demographic information, treatment information-seeking behaviors, and information seeking anxiety evaluations. All surveys were completed in one sitting and a majority of men (82.5%, N = 52) completed the information seeking anxiety assessment with no assistance. During their first interactions with available sources of information (e.g., doctors, internet, peers), most survivors (95.2%, N = 60) reported some level of information seeking anxiety. Specifically, 55.5% (N = 35) were confused about what to look for, 60.3% (N = 38) were worried they would not find the right information, 55.5% (N = 35) were uncomfortable with the search process, and 49.2% (N = 31) reported being disorganized. The composite information seeking anxiety measure was moderately correlated with men's self-reported time to start searching for treatment information (p = .02; r = .306). Information seeking anxiety appears to delay the treatment information gathering activities of prostate cancer survivors with localized disease. This previously undocumented barrier to the delivery of prostate cancer care services should be investigated in other studies with larger and more diverse samples.
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Conducta en la Búsqueda de Información , Neoplasias de la Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Estados Unidos , Neoplasias de la Próstata/terapia , Hombres , Ansiedad , Trastornos de Ansiedad , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Unintended pregnancies, a global public health concern with an annual incidence of about 74 million, significantly impact Africa, representing 25% of cases. These pregnancies, linked to health risks and mortalities, underscore the critical need for effective family planning especially the Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs). Long-acting reversible contraceptives offer a significant solution, yet their uptake in Uganda faces challenges due to insufficient male support. This qualitative study in Rubanda and Kiboga revealed negative perceptions and belief systems among rural Indigenous Ugandan men regarding the use of LARCs by their wives, which acted as barriers to utilization. Recommendations include enhancing Social and Behavioural Change Communication (SBCC) and improving LARCs service delivery to counter limited knowledge and service concerns, aiming to foster better understanding and correcting the negative perceptions, belief sytems and acceptance of these contraceptive methods for improved maternal and child health outcomes.
Les grossesses non désirées, une préoccupation mondiale en matière de santé publique avec une incidence annuelle d'environ 74 millions, impactent significativement l'Afrique, représentant 25 % des cas. Ces grossesses, liées à des risques sanitaires et à des mortalités, soulignent le besoin critique d'une planification familiale efficace, en particulier des contraceptifs réversibles à longue durée d'action (LARCs). Les contraceptifs réversibles à longue durée d'action offrent une solution significative, mais leur adoption en Ouganda est confrontée à des défis en raison du manque de soutien des hommes. Cette étude qualitative menée à Rubanda et Kiboga a révélé des perceptions négatives et des systèmes de croyances parmi les hommes indigènes ougandais ruraux concernant l'utilisation des LARCs par leurs épouses, ce qui a agi comme des obstacles à leur utilisation. Les recommandations incluent le renforcement de la communication pour le changement social et comportemental (SBCC) et l'amélioration de la prestation de services de LARCs pour contrer le manque de connaissance et les préoccupations concernant les services, visant à favoriser une meilleure compréhension et à corriger les perceptions négatives, les systèmes de croyances et l'acceptation de ces méthodes contraceptives pour des résultats améliorés en matière de santé maternelle et infantile.
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Anticonceptivos , Hombres , Embarazo , Niño , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Uganda , Anticoncepción/métodos , Servicios de Planificación FamiliarRESUMEN
Objective: The present study analyzed the Virtual-PRO program's efficacy in preventing peer sexual harassment by promoting the bystanders' active intervention and incorporating a virtual reality (VR) component. The impact of the program on sexist attitudes, moral disengagement, the intention to intervene as bystanders, and the involvement in sexual aggression and victimization was tested. Method: Virtual-PRO is a VR-enhanced sexual harassment curricular prevention program of six one-hour sessions. The evaluation comprised a pre-test, a post-test after the intervention, and a follow-up measure at three months. In the study, 579 Spanish adolescent students aged between 12 and 17 years (M = 14.76, SD = 0.88; 47.1% boys) were randomly grouped into experimental (n = 286) and control (n = 293) conditions. Results: The Virtual-PRO program effectively controlled participants' levels of sexism and reduced moral disengagement in the experimental group compared to the control group three months after the intervention. The program also showed positive results in changing bystander behavior, increasing the intention to intervene when the victim was not a friend. Finally, visual/verbal and online victimization decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group. No differences were found for physical sexual victimization and sexual aggression. Conclusions: The first trial of the Virtual-PRO program is promising and highlights the use of VR as a sexual harassment prevention tool. Follow-up measures are essential to determine the impact of interventions accurately.
Objetivo: El presente estudio analiza la eficacia del programa Virtual-PRO en la prevención del acoso sexual entre iguales promoviendo la intervención activa de los espectadores mediante el uso de la realidad virtual (RV). Se comprobó el impacto del programa en las actitudes sexistas, la desconexión moral, la intención de intervenir como espectadores y la implicación en agresión y victimización sexual. Método: Virtual-PRO es un programa curricular compuesto por seis unidades que incorpora la RV para mejorar la prevención del acoso sexual. La evaluación incluyó una medida pre-test, un post-test después de la intervención y una medida de seguimiento a los tres meses. En el estudio participaron 579 estudiantes españoles de entre 12 y 17 años (M = 14.76, DT = 0.88, 47.1% chicos), agrupados aleatoriamente en grupo experimental (n = 286) y control (n = 293). Resultados: El programa Virtual-PRO controló eficazmente los niveles de sexismo y redujo la desconexión moral en el grupo experimental en comparación con el grupo de control tres meses después de la intervención. También mostró resultados positivos en el cambio del comportamiento de los espectadores, mejorando la intención de intervenir cuando la víctima no era amigo o amiga. Por último, la victimización visual/verbal y online disminuyó en el grupo experimental y aumentó en el grupo control. No se encontraron diferencias en victimización sexual física y agresión sexual. Conclusiones: El primer ensayo del programa Virtual-PRO es prometedor y pone de relieve el uso de la RV como herramienta eficaz para la prevención del acoso sexual. Las medidas de seguimiento son esenciales para determinar con precisión el efecto de las intervenciones.
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Acoso Sexual , Realidad Virtual , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Agresión , Hombres , Sexismo , Acoso Sexual/prevención & controlRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for men's swimming strokes using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Regression Analysis to enhance training strategies and performance optimization. The analyses included all men's individual 100 m races of the 2019 European Short-Course Swimming Championships. RESULTS: Duration from 5 m prior to wall contact (In5) emerged as a consistent KPI for all strokes. Free Swimming Speed (FSS) was identified as a KPI for 'continuous' strokes (Breaststroke and Butterfly), while duration from wall contact to 10 m after (Out10) was a crucial KPI for strokes with touch turns (Breaststroke and Butterfly). The regression model accurately predicted swim times, demonstrating strong agreement with actual performance. Bland and Altman analyses revealed negligible mean biases: Backstroke (0% bias, LOAs - 2.3% to + 2.3%), Breaststroke (0% bias, LOAs - 0.9% to + 0.9%), Butterfly (0% bias, LOAs - 1.2% to + 1.2%), and Freestyle (0% bias, LOAs - 3.1% to + 3.1%). This study emphasizes the importance of swift turning and maintaining consistent speed, offering valuable insights for coaches and athletes to optimize training and set performance goals. The regression model and predictor tool provide a data-driven approach to enhance swim training and competition across different strokes.
Asunto(s)
Rendimiento Atlético , Natación , Masculino , Humanos , Análisis de Regresión , Hombres , AtletasRESUMEN
Genital self-image (GSI) involves subjective perceptions, experiences, and feelings of individuals regarding their genitalia. A negative GSI contributes to lower sexual esteem and, consequently, negative sexual experiences and sexual dysfunction. In men, self-perception may be influenced by several factors, including penis size or shape, personal experiences, body image, general health status, sex education, and even the media they consume. This study aimed to understand the reasons that lead to dissatisfaction with GSI among Brazilian men. With a mixed approach, we present male perceptions regarding dissatisfaction with GSI captured from the following question: "If you are dissatisfied with your genitals, tell us for what reason(s)? (Optional)," which integrated the last questionnaire element of the original survey. Brazilian men over 18 years of age from different Brazilian states were eligible. In this analysis, 376 responses were obtained. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The participants expressed the reasons for dissatisfaction, which were grouped into two categories: (1) anatomical aspects and beliefs in the construction of GSI and (2) functional aspects. The results offer an understanding of men's perceptions of their genitals and may aid in clinical practice and research on how Brazilian men perceive their genitals. It is possible to improve knowledge about sexual health and increase positivity regarding genital perception by providing information about the reasons that lead to dissatisfaction with the genitals.
Asunto(s)
Hombres , Conducta Sexual , Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Imagen Corporal , GenitalesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Men's violence against women, including human trafficking for sexual exploitation, is a severe threat to global health. Healthcare providers are uniquely positioned to identify and care for women subjected to human trafficking for sexual exploitation. They are among the few professionals the women interact with while being exposed to human trafficking for sexual exploitation. This study aims to describe healthcare workers' experience of identifying and caring for women subjected to human trafficking for sexual exploitation seeking women's healthcare. METHOD: A qualitative design was chosen and nine qualitative interviews with healthcare providers were conducted and analyzed using the content analysis method. RESULTS: Three main categories were revealed: (1) the importance of being attentive, (2) the importance of providing safety, and (3) the importance of collaborating, followed by a number of subcategories: behavioral and physical signs, limited time to interact, security measures, value of confidence building, organizational collaboration, essential external network, and information transmission. CONCLUSIONS: As the women subjected to sex trafficking have limited time in healthcare, it is important for healthcare providers to be attentive and act immediately if suspecting human trafficking for sexual exploitation. It may be the only possibility for the healthcare providers to care for these women and reach them. They must endeavor to provide the women with safety due to their vulnerable position at the hospital. However, these women may leave the healthcare setting unidentified and unaided, which highlights the importance of collaboration on multiple levels.
Asunto(s)
Trata de Personas , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Trata de Personas/prevención & control , Hombres , Conducta Sexual , Personal de Salud , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
Introdução: A Síndrome de Aarskog-Scott (AAS) é uma rara displasia faciogenital ligada ao gene FGD1, afetando principalmente meninos. Relato de caso: Descreve-se um caso de um menino de 4 anos com AAS, destacando sua importância científica devido à raridade, escassez de descrições e morbidade associada. Ele apresentou fenda sacral, criptorquidia bilateral, atrasos no crescimento e histórico familiar semelhante. A AAS é caracterizada por estatura baixa, anomalias faciais e diversos comprometimentos. Este caso ressalta a importância do acompanhamento médico especializado. Considerações finais: A escassez de estudos comparáveis destaca a relevância dos relatos de casos para aprofundar a compreensão de condições clínicas singulares.
Introduction: Aarskog-Scott Syndrome (AAS) is a rare faciogenital dysplasia linked to the FGD1 gene, primarily affecting boys. Case report: We describe a case of a 4-year-old boy with AAS, highlighting its scientific importance due to its rarity, scarcity of descriptions, and associated morbidity. He presented with sacral cleft, bilateral cryptorchidism, growth delays, and similar family history. AAS is characterized by short stature, facial anomalies, and various impairments. Final considerations: This case underscores the importance of specialized medical care, and the scarcity of comparable studies highlights the relevance of case reports in deepening the understanding of unique clinical conditions.
Asunto(s)
Masculino , Preescolar , Cromosoma X , HombresRESUMEN
Individuals who are diagnosed and treated for cancer use a variety of strategies to manage its impacts. However, there is currently a lack of research on men's experience with managing cancer impacts, which is necessary to better support them throughout the cancer care continuum. This study explored the experience of men diagnosed with cancer, focusing on the impacts of the illness and its treatment and men's strategies to cope. A qualitative descriptive design was used. Thirty-one men (Mage = 52.7 [26-82] years) diagnosed with various cancer types were recruited to take part in individual telephone interviews (n = 14) or online focus groups (n = 17) addressing the impacts of cancer and strategies they used to cope with these impacts. Directed content analysis was performed, using Fitch's (2008) supportive care framework to guide the analysis. Cancer impacts and strategies used to cope were classified into six categories: physical, psychological, interpersonal, informational, practical, and spiritual. Results indicate that the cancer experience is diverse and multifaceted rather than homogeneous. Medical and supportive care services could be more effectively personalized to meet the diversity of men's needs by adopting a comprehensive and holistic approach to supportive care. Working in partnership with patients, it appears promising to recognize and identify men's needs and match them to appropriate resources to provide truly supportive care.