Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/virología , Infección por el Virus Zika/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Infección por el Virus Zika/complicaciones , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Tiempo , Virus Zika/inmunología , Virus Zika/patogenicidad , Infección por el Virus Zika/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus with devastating outcomes seen recently in the Americas due to the association of maternal ZIKV infection with fetal microcephaly and other fetal malformations not previously associated with flavivirus infections. Here, we have developed the olive baboon (Papio anubis) as a nonhuman primate (NHP) translational model for the study of ZIKV pathogenesis and associated disease outcomes to contrast and compare with humans and other major NHPs, such as macaques. Following subcutaneous inoculation of adult male and nonpregnant female baboons, viremia was detected at 3 and 4 days postinfection (dpi) with the concordant presentation of a visible rash and conjunctivitis, similar to human ZIKV infection. Furthermore, virus was detected in the mucosa and cerebrospinal fluid. A robust ZIKV-specific IgM and IgG antibody response was also observed in all the animals. These data show striking similarity between humans and the olive baboon following infection with ZIKV, suggesting our model is a suitable translational NHP model to study ZIKV pathogenesis and potential therapeutics.IMPORTANCE ZIKV was first identified in 1947 in a sentinel rhesus monkey in Uganda and subsequently spread to Southeast Asia. Until 2007, only a small number of cases were reported, and ZIKV infection was relatively minor until the South Pacific and Brazilian outbreaks, where more severe outcomes were reported. Here, we present the baboon as a nonhuman primate model for contrast and comparison with other published animal models of ZIKV, such as the mouse and macaque species. Baboons breed year round and are not currently a primary nonhuman primate species used in biomedical research, making them more readily available for studies other than human immunodeficiency virus studies, which many macaque species are designated for. This, taken together with the similarities baboons have with humans, such as immunology, reproduction, genetics, and size, makes the baboon an attractive NHP model for ZIKV studies in comparison to other nonhuman primates.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Viremia/diagnóstico , Infección por el Virus Zika/diagnóstico , Virus Zika/patogenicidad , Animales , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/metabolismo , Inmunoglobulina M/metabolismo , Masculino , Membrana Mucosa/virología , Papio , Viremia/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Virus Zika/inmunología , Infección por el Virus Zika/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Infección por el Virus Zika/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Incidence of neurologic manifestations associated with Zika virus infection has been increasing. In 2016, neuropsychological and cognitive changes developed in an adolescent after travel to a Zika virus-endemic area. Single-photon emission computed tomography and neuropsychological testing raised the possibility that Zika virus infection may lead to neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno Bipolar/diagnóstico , Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico , ARN Viral/genética , Infección por el Virus Zika/diagnóstico , Virus Zika/genética , Adolescente , Anticuerpos Antivirales/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Trastorno Bipolar/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Trastorno Bipolar/complicaciones , Trastorno Bipolar/psicología , Región del Caribe , Disfunción Cognitiva/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Disfunción Cognitiva/complicaciones , Disfunción Cognitiva/psicología , Humanos , Masculino , New York , ARN Viral/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Viaje , Virus Zika/inmunología , Virus Zika/aislamiento & purificación , Infección por el Virus Zika/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Infección por el Virus Zika/complicaciones , Infección por el Virus Zika/psicologíaAsunto(s)
Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/virología , Infección por el Virus Zika/virología , Virus Zika , Anticuerpos Antivirales/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Transmisión Vertical de Enfermedad Infecciosa , Polinesia , Embarazo , Infección por el Virus Zika/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Zika virus (ZIKV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) cocirculate throughout much of the tropical Western Hemisphere; however, few cases of coinfection with these two pathogens have been reported. Herein, we describe three cases of ZIKV-CHIKV coinfection detected at a single center in Ecuador: a patient who developed symptoms on postoperative day 5 from an orthopedic procedure, a woman who had traveled to Ecuador for fertility treatment, and a woman who was admitted for Guillain-Barré syndrome and had ZIKV and CHIKV detected in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. All cases were diagnosed using a multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and ZIKV viremia was detected as late as 16 days after symptom onset. These cases demonstrate the varied clinical presentation of ZIKV-CHIKV coinfections as well as the importance of multiplexed arboviral testing for these pathogens.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Chikungunya/complicaciones , Coinfección/virología , Turismo Médico , Procedimientos Ortopédicos , Técnicas Reproductivas Asistidas , Viremia/complicaciones , Infección por el Virus Zika/complicaciones , Adulto , Fiebre Chikungunya/sangre , Fiebre Chikungunya/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Virus Chikungunya/genética , Ecuador , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fracturas Mal Unidas/cirugía , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/virología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/virología , ARN Viral/sangre , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Viremia/sangre , Virus Zika/genética , Infección por el Virus Zika/sangre , Infección por el Virus Zika/líquido cefalorraquídeoAsunto(s)
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/virología , Infección por el Virus Zika/complicaciones , Brasil , ADN Viral/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Adulto Joven , Virus Zika/genética , Virus Zika/aislamiento & purificación , Infección por el Virus Zika/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Infección por el Virus Zika/diagnósticoRESUMEN
We report two cases of encephalopathy (one with seizures, one with electroencephalogram changes) in patients with Zika virus infection. The cases occurred on Martinique in February 2016, during the Zika virus outbreak. Awareness of the various neurological complications of Zika virus infection is needed for patients living in areas affected by Zika virus infections or for travellers to these areas.