Asunto(s)
Perfumes , Fenetilaminas , Animales , Humanos , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Bases de Datos de Compuestos Químicos , Determinación de Punto Final , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Odorantes , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de Toxicidad , Fenetilaminas/química , Fenetilaminas/toxicidadAsunto(s)
Caproatos , Odorantes , Perfumes , Humanos , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Animales , Medición de Riesgo , Caproatos/toxicidad , Caproatos/química , Determinación de Punto Final , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Pruebas de Toxicidad , Bases de Datos de Compuestos QuímicosAsunto(s)
Ciclohexanoles , Odorantes , Perfumes , Animales , Humanos , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Ciclohexanoles/toxicidad , Ciclohexanoles/química , Determinación de Punto Final , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de ToxicidadAsunto(s)
Odorantes , Perfumes , Terpenos , Animales , Humanos , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Bases de Datos de Compuestos Químicos , Determinación de Punto Final , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de Toxicidad , Terpenos/química , Terpenos/toxicidadAsunto(s)
Odorantes , Perfumes , Timol , Humanos , Medición de Riesgo , Animales , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Timol/toxicidad , Timol/química , Pruebas de Toxicidad , Determinación de Punto Final , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Bases de Datos de Compuestos QuímicosAsunto(s)
Ciclopentanos , Odorantes , Perfumes , Animales , Humanos , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Ciclopentanos/toxicidad , Ciclopentanos/química , Bases de Datos de Compuestos Químicos , Determinación de Punto Final , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de ToxicidadAsunto(s)
Odorantes , Pentanoles , Perfumes , Animales , Humanos , Butanoles/toxicidad , Butanoles/química , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Bases de Datos de Compuestos Químicos , Determinación de Punto Final , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de Toxicidad , Pentanoles/química , Pentanoles/toxicidadAsunto(s)
Isobutiratos , Odorantes , Perfumes , Animales , Humanos , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Bases de Datos de Compuestos Químicos , Determinación de Punto Final , Isobutiratos/toxicidad , Isobutiratos/química , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de ToxicidadAsunto(s)
Acetofenonas , Odorantes , Perfumes , Animales , Humanos , Acetofenonas/toxicidad , Acetofenonas/química , Seguridad de Productos para el Consumidor , Bases de Datos de Compuestos Químicos , Determinación de Punto Final , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de ToxicidadRESUMEN
4-Hexen-1-ol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)- was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, photoirritation/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data show that 4-hexen-1-ol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)- is not genotoxic. The repeated dose, reproductive, and local respiratory toxicity endpoints were evaluated using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to 4-hexen-1-ol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)- is below the TTC (0.03 mg/kg/day, 0.03 mg/kg/day, and 1.4 mg/day, respectively). Data from read-across analog 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol (CAS # 763-32-6) show that there are no safety concerns for 4-hexen-1-ol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)- for skin sensitization under the current declared levels of use. The photoirritation/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra; 4-hexen-1-ol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)- is not expected to be photoirritating/photoallergenic. The environmental endpoints were evaluated; 4-hexen-1-ol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)- was found not to be Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use (VoU) in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
Asunto(s)
Perfumes , Animales , Humanos , Hexanoles/toxicidad , Hexanoles/química , Pruebas de Mutagenicidad , Odorantes , Perfumes/toxicidad , Perfumes/química , Medición de Riesgo , Pruebas de ToxicidadRESUMEN
The prevalence of fragrances in various hygiene products contributes to their sensorial allure. However, fragrances can induce sensitization in the skin or respiratory system, and the mechanisms involved in this process are incompletely understood. This study investigated the intricate mechanisms underlying the fragrance's effects on sensitization response, focusing on the interplay between CYP450 enzymes, a class of drug-metabolizing enzymes, and the adaptive immune system. Specifically, we assessed the expression of CYP450 enzymes and cytokine profiles in culture of BEAS-2B and mature dendritic cells (mDC) alone or in co-culture stimulated with 2 mM of a common fragrance, cinnamyl alcohol (CA) for 20 h. CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, and CYP2A13 were analyzed by RT-PCR and IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-18, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA). Through RT-PCR analysis, we observed that CA increased CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 expression in BEAS-2B, with a further increased in BEAS-2B-mDC co-culture. Additionally, exposure to CA increased IL-12p70 levels in mDC rather than in BEAS-2B-mDC co-culture. In regards to IL-18, level was higher in BEAS-2B than in BEAS-2B-mDC co-culture. A positive correlation between the levels of IL-10 and CYP1B1 was found in mDC-CA-exposed and between IL-12p70 and CYP1A1 was found in BEAS-2B after CA exposure. However, IL-12p70 and CYP1A2 as well as IL-18, IL-33, and CYP1A1 levels were negative, correlated mainly in co-culture control. These correlations highlight potential immunomodulatory interactions and complex regulatory relationships. Overall, exposure to CA enhances CYP450 expression, suggesting that CA can influence immune responses by degrading ligands on xenosensitive transcription factors.
