RESUMEN
The bluish-purple petals of Chinese bellflower, Platycodon grandiflorum (kikyo in Japanese), contain platyconin (1) as the major anthocyanin. Platyconin (1) is a polyacylated anthocyanin with two caffeoyl residues at the 7-position, and its color is stable in a diluted, weakly acidic aqueous solutions. HPLC analysis of the fresh petal extract showed the presence of several minor pigments. Photo-diode array detection of minor pigments suggested that some of these were polyacylated anthocyanins. To establish the relationship between structure and stability of the acylated anthocyanins and to obtain information on their biosynthetic pathways, minor pigments were isolated from the petals, and their structures were determined by MS and NMR analyses. Four known (2-5) and three new anthocyanins (6-8) were identified, which contained a delphinidin chromophore, and four of these (5-8) were diacylated anthocyanins, in which the acyl-glucosyl-acyl-glucosyl chain was attached at the 7-O-position of the delphinidin chromophore. These diacylated anthocyanins exhibited a bluish-purple color at pH 6, which was stable for more than a week.
Asunto(s)
Antocianinas/genética , Flores/anatomía & histología , Pigmentación , Platycodon/anatomía & histología , Acilación , Antocianinas/química , Vías Biosintéticas/genética , Color , Flores/química , Flores/genética , Platycodon/química , Platycodon/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Breeding the good varieties characters of Platycodon grandiflorum. METHODS: 20 combination, derived from 2 x 10 incomplete diallel cross with 2 male sterile lines and 10 four-generation inbred lines, analysis the 13 agronomic characters. RESULTS: The agronomic characters of F1 has obvious heterosis. Dry plant weight and fresh root weight have the largest heterosis. Their middle parent heterosis (MPH), high parent heterosis (HPH) and heterosis over CK (CH) were 96.07%, 62.62%, 116.21%, 108.99%, and 111.98%, 113.47%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The F1 hybrids derived from the crossing of male sterile lines and in-bred lines have obvious heterosis. It applied the hybrid heterosis breeding is an effective way for the new variety of Platycodon grandiflorum.
Asunto(s)
Cruzamiento/métodos , Vigor Híbrido , Platycodon/crecimiento & desarrollo , Platycodon/genética , Agricultura/métodos , Biomasa , Hibridación Genética , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/anatomía & histología , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Raíces de Plantas/anatomía & histología , Raíces de Plantas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Platycodon/anatomía & histologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To study quality test, and establish quality classification standard of Platycodon grandiflorum. METHOD: The seed quality and planting quality of P. grandiflorum from different producing areas and in different growing years were measured. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The range of seed purity, weight per 1000 seeds, seed moisture content,seed viability were determined and the primary seed quality classification standard was established.
Asunto(s)
Plantas Medicinales/fisiología , Platycodon/fisiología , Semillas/fisiología , Germinación/fisiología , Plantas Medicinales/anatomía & histología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Platycodon/anatomía & histología , Platycodon/química , Control de Calidad , Estándares de Referencia , Semillas/anatomía & histología , Semillas/química , Agua/análisis , Agua/normasRESUMEN
The methods and technique of inducing polyploid plants of Platycodon grandiflorum were done. Many autotetraploid plant lines were induced by colchicine in vitro successfully. The identification of main agronomic characteristics of these clonal lines was conduced in the fields. The results showed the giant type occurred in tetraploid plants comparing with that in diploid plants. It may show prospective way in developing new varieties with high yield and high content of useful compounds.
