Respondências: análises (online) em confinamento / Responses: (online) analysis during social distancing / Correspondencias: análisis (en línea) durante el confinamiento / Réponses: analyse (en ligne) pendant la distanciation sociale

Resumo Este artigo compreende oito cartas trocadas entre as autoras ao longo do mês de abril de 2020, tendo por eixo norteador o tema das análises online. Em uma retomada metodológica da produção teórica pela via das correspondências, amplamente utilizada entre Freud e seus interlocutores, propõe uma tessitura em ato de conceitos-acontecimentos em torno do atendimento mediado pelas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação, bem como dos deslocamentos no estatuto da escuta clínica, que reverberam especialmente sobre o inconsciente, a presença do analista e a questão do registro. A escrita epistolar possibilitou uma elaboração afetuosa e desinstitucionalizada, rompendo com a lógica academicista, sem perder o rigor conceitual do campo freudo-lacaniano na interlocução com outros autores. As discussões apresentadas refletem sobre quais vidas são passíveis de escuta nas análises, online ou não, em variados desdobramentos que circunscrevem uma clínica do contemporâneo.

Abstract This essay consists of eight letters exchanged between the authors over the course of April 2020, on the topic of online analysis. Resuming the methodological approach of theoretical production via correspondence, widely used by Freud and his interlocutors, the article weaves concepts-events regarding psychological care mediated by information and communication technologies, as well as shifts in the status of clinical listening, which reverberate especially on the unconscious, the presence of the analyst and issue of recording. The epistolary writing enabled an affectionate and deinstitutionalized elaboration, breaking with academic logic, without losing the conceptual rigor of the Freudian-Lacanian field in dialogue with other authors. The discussions presented reflect on which lives can be heard in analysis, online or otherwise, in varying unfoldings that circumscribe a contemporary clinic.

Resumen Este artículo consta de ocho cartas intercambiadas entre las autoras durante el mes de abril de 2020, teniendo como eje central el tema de los análisis en línea. En una retomada metodológica de la producción teórica a través de las correspondencias, ampliamente utilizadas entre Freud y sus interlocutores, se propone una costura en acto de conceptos acontecimientos sobre la atención mediada por las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, así como de los desplazamientos en el estatuto de la escucha clínica, que repercute especialmente en el inconsciente, la presencia del analista y la cuestión del registro. La escritura epistolar posibilitó una elaboración afectuosa y no institucional, rompiendo con la lógica academicista, sin perder el rigor conceptual con el campo freudo-lacaniano en la interlocución con otros autores. Las discusiones que se presentan aquí reflexionan sobre cuáles vidas son susceptibles de escucha en los análisis, en línea o no, en diversos desplazamientos en materia de una clínica de la contemporaneidad.

Résumé Cet essai comprend huit lettres échangées entre les autrices au cours du mois d'avril 2020, sur le thème de l'analyse en ligne. Reprenant l'approche méthodologique de la production théorique par correspondance, largement utilisée par Freud et ses interlocuteurs, l'article tisse des concepts-événements concernant le soin psychologique médiatisé par les technologies de l'information et de la communication, ainsi que des déplacements du statut de l'écoute clinique, qui se répercutent notamment sur l'inconscient, la présence de l'analyste et la question de l'enregistrement. L'écriture épistolaire a permis une élaboration affectueuse et désinstitutionnalisée, en rupture avec la logique académique, sans perdre la rigueur conceptuelle du champ freudo-lacanien en dialogue avec d'autres auteurs. Les discussions présentées réfléchissent sur les vies qui peuvent être entendues en analyse, en ligne ou non, dans des déroulements divers qui circonscrivent une clinique du contemporain.

A systematic review of psychodynamic theories in community psychology: Discovering the unconscious in community work.

The aim of this systematic review is to provide a narrative synthesis of the peer-reviewed literature regarding the role of psychodynamics in community psychology. The authors screened 301 records on the topic, found in major citation databases (Scopus and Web of Science) without time or language restrictions. Ten articles addressing the review question were identified, showing the contributions of interpersonal psychoanalysis, Adlerian psychology, the Tavistock psychodynamic model, and Lacanian psychoanalysis. Several points of synergy between community psychology and psychodynamics were outlined mainly concerning empowerment theory, preventative and ecological perspective, power, and social order. Besides, the view on the community life, the role of emotion, and the conceptualization of the unconscious domain are discussed. Implications for community interventions are highlighted, regarding clients' demands, the role of community practitioners, and the use of transference/countertransference in consultative work. Limitations and future directions are also considered.

Psychiatric reform and psychoanalytic diagnostic logic: discussions about possible interlacing / Reforma psiquiátrica e lógica diagnóstica psicanalítica: discussões acerca de uma possível tecitura

RESUMO: Neste artigo, são discutidas possibilidades de tecitura entre os pressupostos da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira e a lógica diagnóstica psicanalítica. Veicula-se brevemente a história desse importante movimento. Posteriormente, são apresentados elementos do diagnóstico em psicanálise, enfatizando o lugar do sujeito e sua dimensão irredutível frente aos discursos sociais hegemônicos. Demonstra-se o quanto a clínica psicanalítica coincide com um processo de "crítica da ideologia", levantando questões da lógica diagnóstica predominante nos serviços substitutivos aos manicômios, de modo que são assinaladas as convergências entre o trabalho psicossocial e a clínica. Por fim, destaca-se que a psicanálise se constitui como uma forma específica de oferecer escuta, visando efeitos de desalienação e reconhecimento da diferença.

Abstract: In this article, are discussed possibilities of interlacing between the presuppositions of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform and the psychoanalytical diagnostic logic. The history of this important movement is briefly conveyed. Posteriorly, elements of the diagnosis in psychoanalysis are presented, highlighting the place of the subject and its irreducible dimension in front of the hegemonic social discourses. It is demonstrated how much the psychoanalytic clinic coincides with a process of "critique of ideology", raising questions on the diagnostic logic currently prevalent in the substitute services to asylums, so that the convergences between the psychosocial and the clinical work are pointed. Finally, it is highlighted that the psychoanalysis constitutes a specific form of listening, aiming at the effects of de-alienation and recognition of difference.

Corrective biology: psychosomatics in and as neuropsychoanalysis.

This article analyses how and with what consequences body-mind relations (the sphere of the psychosomatic) are being modelled in the 21st century through considering the interdiscipline of neuropsychoanalysis. The promise of the term psychosomatic lies in its efforts to rework standard, bifurcated models of mind and body: somatic acts are simultaneously psychic acts. But neuropsychoanalysis, as it brings the neurosciences and psychoanalysis together to model an embodied 'MindBrain', ends up evacuating another potent characteristic found in much of the psychosomatic tradition-its refusal to adjudicate, a priori, what counts as the adaptive or well-regulated subject. The psychosomatic problem in psychoanalysis profoundly disturbs everyday models of functionality, adaptation and agency, by positing the psyche as an 'other' of the physiological within the physiological. By contrast, neuropsychoanalysis ends up parsing too easily the healthy from the pathological body, such that it is only the latter that is subject to forces that work against self-preservation and self-regulation. In so doing, neuropsychoanalysis recasts the radical problematic that the psychosomatic installed for psychoanalysis in the direction of a corrective biology. This corrective biology is given form in two ways: (1) through translating the Freudian drive-that unruly and foundational concept which addresses the difficult articulation of soma and psyche-into a series of Basic Emotion Systems modelled by the affective neuroscientist Jaak Panksepp and (2) through resituating and quarantining the troubling, non-adaptive aspects of the Freudian psyche within the domain of addiction. That easy separation between the healthy and the pathological is all too often found in current descriptions of healthcare and patient encounters. The article refuses it and calls for the revivification of other ways of thinking about how human subjects-psychosomatic organisms-find ways to live, and to die.

Ideal viril e feminização do mundo: uma sexuação moebiana na era do não-todo / L'idéal viril et féminisation du monde: une sexuation moebienne à l'ère du pas-tout / Virile ideal and feminization of the world: a moebian sexuation in the age of the not-all

O artigo pretende perguntar quais mudanças são acarretadas pelo declínio do ideal viril no nível da sexuação, fazendo o percurso que leva da sociedade pautada no ideal fálico até sua derrocada contemporânea. A falência do viril revela que a sexuação apresenta um caráter moebiano, que situa, de partida, todo ser falante como concernido pelo não-todo fálico. Explicita o modus operandi do ideal viril para lançar luz sobre as proliferações do não-todo no século XXI, em sua rebeldia ao universal. Como conclusão,discute as consequências clínicas possíveis para os horizontes contemporâneos da subjetividade

Cet article a l'intention de discuter quels changements sont causés par le déclin de l'idéal viril au niveau de la sexuation, en faisant le chemin qui conduit de la société basée sur l'idéal phallique jusqu'à son déclin contemporain. La décadence du viril révèle que la sexuation a un caractère moebien, ce qui place tout parlêtre comme concerné par le pas-tout phallique. Le modus operandide l'idéal viril est expliqué pour éclairer les proliférations du pas-tout au XXIe siècle, dans sa rébellion à l'universel. En conclusion, des conséquences cliniques possibles pour les horizons contemporains de la subjectivité sont discutés

This article intends to ask about what changes are entailed by the decline of the virile ideal in the process of sexuation, discussing the trajectory from the phallic ideal that governed Occidental society to its contemporary decay. The collapse of the virile reveals that sexuation presents a Moebian character, that situates, from the start, every speaking being as concerned by the not-all phallic. The virile ideal's modus operandi isexplained to throw light over the proliferations of the not-all in the 21stcentury, in its refractoriness to the universal. As a conclusion, some possible clinical consequences for the contemporary horizons of subjectivityare discussed

Me chame pelo meu nome / Appele-moi par mon nom / Call me by my name

Este ensaio propõe uma reflexão sobre o lugar do psicanalista diante das transformações jurídicas,políticas,subjetivas e sociais que fazem parte do contemporâneo,tendo como foco a questão do nome social das pessoas trans.Para isso,as regulamentações brasileiras são examinadas e tensionadas com a Ley de Identidade de Género da Argentina a partir do relato das experiências de três sujeitos. Discute- se, finalmente,a possibilidade de que certas leis acomodem melhor os sujeitos e suas singularidades, diminuindo assim a segregação social.

Cet essai propose une réflexion sur la place du psychanalyste face aux transformations juridiques,politiques,subjectives et sociales qui font partie du contemporain,en se centrant sur la question du nom social des personnes trans. Pour ce la,les réglementations brésiliennes sont examinée settendues avec la Loi del'Identité du Genre del'Argentine à partir du rapport del'expérience de trois sujets.Finalement ,il sera discuté de la possibilité que certaines lois satisfassent mieux les sujets et leur singularité, en diminuant ainsi la ségrégation sociale

This essay aims to propose a reflection on the psychoanalyst's place toward thejuridical,political,subjective and social transformations that are part of the contemporary moment, focusing on the subject of transpeople`s socialname .In order to do so ,the Brazilian regulations are examined in comparison with theLaw of Gender Identity in Argentina based on the report of the experience of three subjects.Finally ,it is discussed the possibility that certain laws will better accommodate the subjects and their singularities ,thus reducing social segregation

The future of Jungian analysis: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats ('SWOT').

Using a methodology derived from management and organizational studies, the author reviews the future of Jungian analysis. The methodology is termed SWOT - strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats. A selected list in each of these categories is presented. The author is transparent in allowing for the fact that the paper not only derives from a public lecture on the topic, but also retains the immediacy and the contrarian and opinionated style of such a lecture.

The wrong side of history.

Psychoanalysis (including analytical psychology), once a pioneering and forward-looking movement of the early 20th century has now become a conservative backward-looking 'tradition'. After considering some of the internal problems associated with this historical change such as idealization and tribalism, some ways forward are suggested - a focus on clinical excellence as practical craft, openness to the unknown and engagement with others beyond the confines of private practice.

What is "the unconscious," and where is it located in the brain? A neuropsychoanalytic perspective.

This is a brief overview of my "neuropsychoanalytic" perspective on the unconscious. It should make clear how much psychoanalysis has to gain from incorporating the findings of neuroscientific disciplines studying the same part of nature-the workings of the human mind. I hope it makes equally clear what useful new perspectives can be cast on current issues in cognitive neuroscience, if they, in turn, incorporate the findings of psychoanalysis.

Theory of drives and emotions - from Sigmund Freud to Jaak Panksepp. / Teoria emocji i popedów ­ od Sigmunda Freuda do Jaaka Pankseppa.

The article discusses the development of psychoanalytic theory in the direction of broadening the reflection on their own based on data derived from empirical studies other than clinical case study. Particularly noteworthy is the convergence that followed between neuroscience and psychoanalysis and the rise of the so-called neuropsychoanalysis. Consequently, this led to eject empirical hypotheses and begin research on defense mechanisms, self, memory, dreams, empathy, dynamic unconscious and emotional-motivational processes (theory of drives). Currently neuropsychoanalysis constituted itself as a discipline contained in itself three separate areas: the psychodynamic neuroscience, clinical neuropsychoanalysis and theory building. The article introduces the theory of Jaak Panksepp emotional systems as an example of anintegrated neurobiology of affect, behavioral biology, evolutionary psychology and psychoanalysis. The theory of emotional systems includes the description of the SEEKING system representing basic motivational system of the organism. Apart from a new perspective on the theory of drives described by Sigmund Freud, it offers the possibility to take into account the emotional and motivational systems within the understanding of mental disorders such as depression, addiction and psychosis, which is the core of psychoanalytic thinking.

De tabu a Filotetes: Ferenczi e o movimento psicanalítico / From taboo to Filotetes: Ferenczi and the psychoanalytic movement / De tabú a Filotetes: Ferenczi y el movimiento psicoanalítico

O objetivo do artigo é discutir as razões pelas quais a obra de Ferenczi foi objeto de um grande ostracismo e provocou uma resistência massiva e persistente por parte da comunidade analítica. Através da controvérsia entre Freud e Ferenczi, pode-se perceber que, enquanto Freud criou o princípio de abstinência e seus correlatos como neutralidade e frieza, Ferenczi, por sua vez, não temia se misturar com os seus pacientes de modo a privilegiar a relação e o princípio de relaxamento. Ocorre que, a partir daí, Ferenczi não deixou de tocar nas principais proibições erguidas por Freud como tabu e, por isso mesmo, transformou-se para a comunidade analítica em um tabu que deveria ser evitado. No entanto, pode-se perceber que, como Filotetes, injustamente tratado pelos companheiros, Ferenczi se tornou, atualmente, um clínico imprescindível à sociedade analítica que o desprezou e que agora tem que retomá-lo devido as suas contribuições para a teoria e para a clínica atual

This article aims to discuss the reasons why the work of Ferenczi was the subject of a great ostracism and caused a massive and persistent resistance from the analytic community. Through the controversy between Sigmund Freud and Sándor Ferenczi, one can see that while Freud created the principle of abstinence and its correlates, as neutrality and coldness, Ferenczi, in his turn, was not afraid to relating with their patients in order to favor relationship and the principle of relaxation. It happens that, from there, Ferenczi touched the mains prohibitions raised by Freud as taboo and, therefore, he became a taboo, which should be avoided, to the analytical community. However, one can see that like Filotetes, unfairly treated by peers, Ferenczi became nowadays a clinical indispensable to analytic society that once despised him and now has to take him back because of his contributions to the theory and to the current clinical practice.

El objetivo de este artículo es discutir las razones por las cuales el trabajo de Ferenczi fue objeto de un gran ostracismo y causó una resistencia masiva y persistente de la comunidad analítica. Por medio de la controversia entre Sigmund Freud y Sándor Ferenczi, uno puede ver que mientras que Freud creó el principio de abstinencia y sus relacionados, como la neutralidad y frialdad, Ferenczi, a su vez, no tenía miedo a mezclarse con sus pacientes con el fin de favorecer la relación y el principio de relajación. Sucede que, a partir de entonces, Ferenczi no dejó de tocar las principales prohibiciones planteadas por Freud como un tabú y, por lo tanto, se convirtió en un tabú para la comunidad analítica. Sin embargo, se puede observar que, como Filoctetes, tratado injustamente por sus compañeros, Ferenczi se convirtió en la actualidad en un clínico imprescindible para la sociedad analítica que lo despreció y ahora tiene que retomarlo de nuevo debido a sus contribuciones a la teoría y la clínica actual

Quo Vadis? The Future of Psychoanalysis.

Although contemporary psychoanalysis is split into different schools and traditions, there is growing support for some of the main tenets of contemporary psychodynamic thinking from attachment theory, infant research, developmental psychopathology, new models of motivation, the neuroscience of emotions and emotional regulation, and the discovery of different implicit and explicit memory systems. These tenets, which psychodynamic clinicians of all stripes encounter in their daily work with clients, are the following: (1) that large footprints are left over from infancy and childhood which involved insensitive, intrusive, frightening, or shaming care; (2) the carryover of these relational experiences into adulthood are expressed as unconscious expectations and attributions we make of others (transference and countertransference; (3) defensive processes and emotional regulation and deregulatory patterns develop to cope with these unhealthy relations. Many findings from infant research, attachment theory, and new models of motivation and neuroscience have developed alongside the intersubjective and relational turn in psychoanalysis in the last sixty years. To different degrees this new developmental science has been incorporated into the relational field. This essay is a plea to incorporate this new science in the teaching of psychodynamic psychotherapy in order to create a dialogue among different relational and intersubjective traditions in psychoanalysis that could reduce the splintering and support efforts toward integration.

The bridge between two worlds: psychoanalysis and fMRI.

In recent years, a connection between psychoanalysis and neuroscience has been sought. The meeting point between these two branches is represented by neuropsychoanalysis. The goal of the relationship between psychoanalysis and neuroscience is to test psychoanalytic hypotheses in the human brain, using a scientific method. A literature search was conducted on May 2015. PubMed and Scopus databases were used to find studies for the inclusion in the systematic review. Common results of the studies investigated are represented by a reduction, a modulation, or a normalization of the activation patterns found after the psychoanalytic therapy. New findings in the possible and useful relationship between psychoanalysis and neuroscience could change the modalities of relating to patients for psychoanalysts and the way in which neuroscientists plan their research. Researchers should keep in mind that in any scientific research that has to do with people, neuroscience and a scientific method cannot avoid subjective interpretation.

Análise do estado da arte em psicanálise e educação no Brasil (1987- 2012) / Analysis of the state of the art in psychoanalysis and education in Brazil (1987-2012) / Análisis del estado del arte en psicoanálisis y educación en Brasil (1987-2012)

Este artigo apresenta um novo survey bibliográfico em psicanálise e educação, com 635 teses, dissertações, artigos e livros, tendo sido realizado no intuito de conhecer a produção nacional do campo desde a década de 1980, quando o campo de psicanálise e educação ganha no Brasil um recorte independente da psicologia do desenvolvimento. O survey teve como fontes o Estado da Arte do LEPSI-USP e os bancos eletrônicos de trabalhos da CAPES, do Google Acadêmico, do SciELO, do BVS-Psi e de várias universidades e editoras brasileiras. O texto divide os títulos em 13 eixos temáticos, debatendo-os e mostrando possíveis perspectivas para o campo neste início de século.

The article presents new literature survey in psychoanalysis and education, with 635 theses, dissertations, articles and books, conducted to know the national production of the field since the 1980s, when the field of psychoanalysis and education in Brazil is distinguished from developmental psychology. The sources of the survey were the State of Art of LEPSI-USP and the electronic libraries of CAPES, Google Scholar, SciELO, BVS-Psi and of several Brazilian universities and publishers. The titles were divided into 13 themes, and then analyzed to show possible perspectives to the field in the beginning of the century.

Este artículo presenta un nuevo survey bibliográfico en psicoanálisis y educación, con 635 tesis, disertaciones, artículos y libros, realizado con el fin de conocer la producción del campo a nivel nacional desde la década de 1980, cuando el psicoanálisis y la educación ganaran en Brasil un recorte independiente de la psicología del desarrollo. El survey tuvo como fuente: el Estado del Arte del LEPSI-USP y los bancos de datos electrónicos de la CAPES, del Google Académico, del SciELO, del BVS-Psi y de varias universidades y editoras brasileñas. El texto divide los títulos en 13 ejes temáticos, debatiéndolos y mostrando posibles perspectivas para el campo a principios de este siglo.

The case for neuropsychoanalysis: Why a dialogue with neuroscience is necessary but not sufficient for psychoanalysis.

Recent advances in the cognitive, affective and social neurosciences have enabled these fields to study aspects of the mind that are central to psychoanalysis. These developments raise a number of possibilities for psychoanalysis. Can it engage the neurosciences in a productive and mutually enriching dialogue without compromising its own integrity and unique perspective? While many analysts welcome interdisciplinary exchanges with the neurosciences, termed neuropsychoanalysis, some have voiced concerns about their potentially deleterious effects on psychoanalytic theory and practice. In this paper we outline the development and aims of neuropsychoanalysis, and consider its reception in psychoanalysis and in the neurosciences. We then discuss some of the concerns raised within psychoanalysis, with particular emphasis on the epistemological foundations of neuropsychoanalysis. While this paper does not attempt to fully address the clinical applications of neuropsychoanalysis, we offer and discuss a brief case illustration in order to demonstrate that neuroscientific research findings can be used to enrich our models of the mind in ways that, in turn, may influence how analysts work with their patients. We will conclude that neuropsychoanalysis is grounded in the history of psychoanalysis, that it is part of the psychoanalytic worldview, and that it is necessary, albeit not sufficient, for the future viability of psychoanalysis.

WHAT IS EFFECTIVE IN PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY? A HISTORICAL REPRISE.

While psychoanalysis as a field has moved from the ideal of technical neutrality to a vision of the therapist as more human, real, and empathically engaged, relatively little attention has been paid to the implications of this evolution. For Freud, technical neutrality provided an important protection against bias and suggestion, one problematized by a view of the psychoanalyst's participation and influence as intrinsic to the therapeutic enterprise. The impact of this change on the evaluation of mechanisms of change is contextualized and discussed by the author.