Lebanese medical students' attitudes towards patient safety and medical error disclosure: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess Lebanese medical students' attitudes towards patient safety and medical error disclosure. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving medical students from seven different medical schools in Lebanon. The participants completed the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire (APSQ-III) online, which consists of 26 items across nine key patient safety domains. Items were scored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Demographic data were also collected. RESULTS: Of the 549 students enrolled in the study, 325 (59%) were female and 224 (41%) were male. More than half (287, 52%) were aged between 20 and 22 years and 95% were Lebanese. The overall attitude of students towards patient safety was positive (3.59 ± 0.85) with the most positive attitudes in the domains of 'Team functioning' followed by 'Working hours as an error cause'. More positive attitudes were perceived among male students in the domains of 'Professional incompetence as an error cause' and 'Disclosure responsibility' whereas more positive attitudes were seen in female students in the domain of 'Working hour as an error cause'. Older medical students had more positive attitudes in the domain of 'Team functioning' than younger students. CONCLUSION: Medical students in Lebanon had an overall positive attitude towards patient safety. These findings may be used to guide improvements in patient safety education and enhance patient-centred care in medical institutions in Lebanon.

Price Transparency in United States' Health Care: A Narrative Policy Review of the Current State and Way Forward.

Health care price transparency is gaining momentum as a tangible policy intervention that can unleash market principles to increase competition, help begin to decrease U.S. health care expenditures, and provide Americans with access to affordable, high-quality health care. Indeed, pricing reform is required to facilitate patient shopping in health care. In this narrative policy review, we offer a brief history of health care price transparency efforts and an overview of the health care price transparency literature. Further, we highlight the current rules and legislative initiatives aimed at achieving the full potential of health care price transparency. Lastly, we offer key takeaways and highlight suggestions for future policy directions, including the need to ensure hospital and insurance compliance through more appropriate penalties and incentives, importance of reducing regulation to promote financial upside that can be obtained by both patients and providers who actively promote shopping for lower cost, higher quality health care goods and services, and the need for transparent and easily found quality metrics, including outcomes most important to patients, driven by physicians "on the ground" with patient input.

The prevalence of internalized stigma and its association with HIV viral suppression among fully disclosed adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYLHIV) receiving HIV care in an HIV clinic in Plateau State, Nigeria.

Internalized stigma, a condition characterized by negative self-stereotyping and social alienation, recently impacted the adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYLHIV) epidemic curve and treatment adherence. While prior research has focused on the impact of internalized stigma among adults living with HIV, few studies focused on this AYLHIV. The study aims to determine internalized stigma proportion and its relationship to HIV viral suppression in AYLHIV. A cross-sectional study involved 93 fully disclosed AYLHIV receiving HIV care in Faith Alive Foundation in Jos North, Plateau State, from January to March 2023. Internalized stigma was measured using the adapted Berger HIV Stigma Scale under the domains personalized stigma (18 item questions) and negative self-image subscales (13 item questions), measured on a 4-scale of strongly disagree (1), disagree (2), agree (3), and strongly agree (4). Scores summed up to give the domain composite score with a maximum obtainable score of 72 for personalized stigma and 52 for negative self-image. A total of 93 respondents, female-63 (68%) and male-30 (32%), were involved in the study and their mean age at full disclosure was 15.7 ± 2.8 years. During the study their mean age was 19.5 ± 5.4 years, with 62% (58) ages 10-19 years and 38% (35) ages 20-26 years. Furthermore, 70% of the participants had secondary educational status, 77% had viral load results <1000 copies/ml), and 57% were on ART for up to 6 years. The average scores for personalized and negative self-image were 36.3 and 28.9, with 53% (49/93) and 52% (48/93) scoring higher than the average respectively. Further subclassification of the participants by the presence of internalized stigma domains reported 62% (58/93) with both domains, 20% (19/93) with at least one domain, and 38% (35/93) with none of the domains. Negative self-image stigma was reported more among participants 10-19 years (63%), male (31%), of secondary educational level (71%), virally unsuppressed (23%), and ≤ 6 years on ART (42%). On the other hand, personalized stigma was more among the female participants (73%), ages 20-29 years (41%), educational level (6% and 27% had primary and tertiary level of education respectively), virally suppressed (80%), and up to 6 years on ART (63%). The correlation between the internalized stigma domains and suppressed viral load using a binary multivariate regression method at 95% CI and a p-value of 0.05 was not statistically significant with personalized stigma (p = 0.73) and negative self-image (p = 0.92). The adjusted odds ratio of having internalized stigma among the virally suppressed were personalized stigmas [OR; 1.21, 95% CI; 0.42-3.47] and that of negative self-image [OR; 1.06, 95% CI; 0.38-2.95]. This study showed a high proportion of internalized stigma among females, ages 10-19 years, and virally suppressed with more odds for personalized stigma domain. However, the study reported no statistically significant association between internalized stigma domains and viral suppression.

The effect of following best practice reporting recommendations on legal and community evaluations of forensic examiners reports.

Commentators have recommended that forensic scientists' reports contain various disclosures to facilitate comprehension. However, little research has explored whether following best practice recommendations for disclosure impacts on receivers' impressions of the evidence. We examined whether forensic science reports that are more compliant with these best practice recommendations reduced overvaluing of the evidence and sensitized legal and community decision-makers to evidence quality. Across three experiments, 240 legal practitioners/trainees and 566 community decision-makers were presented with a fingerprint or footwear report that was either compliant or non-compliant with best practice recommendations. Participants were then asked to make evaluations and decisions based on the report. We found mixed effects of report compliance. Report compliance affected community participant's evaluations of the persuasiveness of the evidence but had limited impact on the judgments of legal practitioners/trainees. When presented with compliant reports, we found that community participants regarded unknown reliability evidence as less reliable and less persuasive than high reliability evidence, suggesting disclosures helped reduce overvaluing of the evidence and create sensitivity to differences in evidence quality. These results suggest compliance with reporting recommendations does affect community impressions, while only minimally influencing legal impressions of forensic science evidence. The costs and/or benefits of this outcome require further examination.

When Parents Request Nondisclosure: Rights of Adolescents to Access Their Health Information and Implications of the 21st Century Cures Act Final Rule.

AbstractDespite broad ethical consensus supporting developmentally appropriate disclosure of health information to older children and adolescents, cases in which parents and caregivers request nondisclosure continue to pose moral dilemmas for clinicians. State laws vary considerably regarding adolescents' rights to autonomy, privacy, and confidentiality, with many states not specifically addressing adolescents' right to their own healthcare information. The requirements of the 21st Century Cures Act have raised important ethical concerns for pediatricians and adolescent healthcare professionals regarding the protection of adolescent privacy and confidentiality, given requirements that chart notes and results be made readily available to patients via electronic portals. Less addressed have been the implications of the act for adolescents' access to their health information, since many healthcare systems' electronic portals are available to patients beginning at age 12, sometimes requiring that the patients themselves authorize their parents' access to the same information. In this article, we present a challenging case of protracted disagreement about an adolescent's right to honest information regarding his devastating prognosis. We then review the legal framework governing adolescents' rights to their own healthcare information, the limitations of ethics consultation to resolve such disputes, and the potential for the Cures Act's impact on electronic medical record systems to provide one form of resolution. We conclude that although parents in cases like the one presented here have the legal right to consent to medical treatment on their children's behalf, they do not have a corresponding right to direct the withholding of medical information from the patient.

Hepatic Ablation Technology: Assessment of Conflicts of Interest in Recent Literature.

INTRODUCTION: Collaboration between the health care industry and surgeons is critical in modern medicine. Conflict of interest (COI) has the risk of introducing bias into research studies. We investigated the accuracy of self-disclosed COI for studies that researched the use of microwave ablation for liver metastasis. METHODS: A literature search identified studies that investigated the use of microwave ablation for liver cancer between 2016 and 2022. We utilized the Open Payments Database to query individual authors' financial contributions from the industry. The accuracy of the disclosure statement and financial contribution for each study and author was calculated. We compared the amount of financial contribution authors received based on the accuracy of their COI statement. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies of interest were identified. The mean number of authors was 8.24. A disclosure statement was present in 52% of studies. Of those, 28% had an incongruent disclosure statement. 9/25 (36%) of studies had a conflict of interest based on financial payments provided by industry. Overall, authors received an average of $440,483.41 (SD $1,889,375.34). We did not find a difference in the financial contribution's value based on the disclosure statement's accuracy (P = .55). CONCLUSIONS: Over a quarter of studies in our review of microwave ablation literature had discrepancies in the reporting of conflicts of interest, highlighting the need for improved reporting of potential conflicts of interest to protect the integrity of clinical research. Compared to other fields of surgery, we found a lower rate of undisclosed COI, suggesting that the scope of cancer-directed surgery may be more resistant to industry influence.

Timing of genetic testing in BRCA1/2 and PALB2-Associated breast cancer: Preoperative result disclosure increases uptake of risk-reducing mastectomy and reduces unnecessary exposure to radiotherapy.

INTRODUCTION: The impact of timing of genetic testing on uptake of risk reducing mastectomy (RRM) in affected female BRCA1/2 or PALB2 carriers remains an area of evolving interest, particularly with the introduction of mainstream genetic testing initiatives. METHODS: Women with stage I-III breast cancer and a confirmed germline pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2 or PALB2 between 2000 and 2023 were identified from an institutional genetics database. Uptake of RRM was evaluated according to disclosure of genetic testing results before or after index surgery for a first diagnosis of breast cancer. RESULTS: The cohort included 287 female BRCA1/2 or PALB2 carriers with a median age of 44 years (IQR, 36-52). Overall, 155 (54 %) carriers received genetic testing results before and 132 (46 %) after index breast surgery. Receipt of genetic testing results before surgery was associated with a higher rate of index bilateral mastectomy (58.7 % vs. 7.6 %, p < 0.001) and a commensurate decrease in adjuvant radiation (41.9 % vs. 74.2 %, p < 0.001). At a median follow up of 4.4 years after genetic testing, 219 (76.3 %) affected carriers had undergone bilateral RRM, including 83.9 % with preoperative knowledge and 67.4 % of patients with postoperative knowledge of their germline pathogenic variant (log rank, p < 0.001). On multivariate regression, disclosure of genetic testing results before index breast surgery was independently associated with long-term uptake of bilateral mastectomy (HR 1.69, 95 % CI 1.21-2.38). CONCLUSION: Genetic testing results delivered prior to index breast surgery increase uptake of bilateral RRM in affected BRCA1/2 and PALB2 carriers. Efforts to mainstream genetic testing would help optimize surgical decision-making.

Advancing the Shift-of-Strategy approach: Shifting suspects' strategies in extended interviews.

OBJECTIVE: Interviewers often face the challenge of obtaining information from suspects who are willing to speak but are motivated to conceal incriminating information. The Shift-of-Strategy (SoS) approach is an interviewing technique designed to obtain new information from such suspects. This study provides a robust empirical test of the SoS approach using more complex crime events and longer interviews than previously tested as well as testing a new variation of the approach (SoS-Reinforcement) that included a strategic summary of the suspect's statement. We compared this new variation with a standard version of the approach (SoS-Standard) and an interviewing approach that involved no confrontation of discrepancies in the suspects' statements (Direct). HYPOTHESES: We predicted that the two SoS versions would outperform the Direct condition in terms of participants' disclosure of previously unknown information. We also predicted that SoS-Reinforcement would outperform SoS-Standard. Finally, we expected that participants in the SoS conditions would not assess the interview or the interviewer more poorly than participants in Direct. METHOD: A total of 300 participants completed an online mock crime procedure, and they were subsequently interviewed with one of the three interviewing techniques. Following the interview, participants provided assessments of their experiences being interviewed. RESULTS: Participants in both SoS-Standard (d = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI: 0.21, 0.78]) and SoS-Reinforcement (d = 0.59, 95% CI [0.30, 0.87]) disclosed more previously unknown information than participants in the Direct condition, but SoS-Reinforcement did not outperform SoS-Standard (d = 0.08, 95% CI [-0.20, 0.36]). Participants in SoS-Reinforcement assessed their experience more negatively than those in Direct. No such differences were observed in the remaining two-way comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides support for the effectiveness of eliciting new information through the SoS approach and illuminates possible experiential downsides with being subjected to the SoS-Reinforcement approach. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Earnings management and readability of CSR report: Evidence from China.

The literature has confirmed that when managers increase profits through earnings management, the readability of annual reports may be reduced Lo (2017), Ye (2018). Whether this conclusion is suitable for Chinese corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports, however, is still unclear. Based on the panel data of 5083 Chinese non-financial listed companies from 2010 to 2019, this paper adopts multiple linear regression to investigate the impact of earnings management on the readability of Chinese CSR reports. The results show that: (1) There is a significant negative correlation between earnings management and the readability of Chinese CSR reports, with the readability of Chinese annual reports as a mediating variable. (2) The negative effect is more significant when companies are not punished for violations, when the internal control index is low, when companies lack ISO14001 certification and when companies do not have independent third-party authentication for Chinese CSR reports. (3) When earnings management just exceeds zero, the readability of Chinese CSR reports decreases. (4) The economic consequences of reducing the readability of Chinese CSR reports are that financing costs are increased and environmental performance is decreased. To improve the quality of information disclosure of listed companies, the recommendations are as follows: First, the government should issue CSR reporting standards to reduce the manipulation of Chinese CSR reports. Second, Chinese CSR reports disclosed by listed companies must be audited by independent third parties to enhance the credibility of the information. Third, the company needs to strengthen its external and internal supervision to reduce the manipulation space for the readability of Chinese CSR reports. This study extends the negative relationship between earnings management and the readability from annual reports to Chinese CSR reports. To prevent investors from detecting earnings management, the readability of Chinese CSR reports may be reduced. At the same time, the study has definitely added value to the existing literature in the domain of CSR.

To Reveal or Not to Reveal, That Is the Wrong Question: Thoughts about Clinical Writing in Psychoanalysis.

This paper plays with the possibilities of writing about psychoanalytic work in different ways with different levels of disclosure about both patient and analyst. Various issues around anonymity, confidentiality, consent and identity are explored, highlighting the many questions that come up. These issues of how to write psychoanalytically are also addressed from the point of view of culture and the sociopolitical gestalt of our time.

Research on the cognitive neural mechanism of privacy empowerment illusion cues regarding comprehensibility and interpretability for privacy disclosures.

In the era of artificial intelligence, privacy empowerment illusion has become a crucial means for digital enterprises and platforms to "manipulate" users and create an illusion of control. This topic has also become an urgent and pressing concern for current research. However, the existing studies are limited in terms of their perspectives and methodologies, making it challenging to fully explain why users express concerns about privacy empowerment illusion but repeatedly disclose their personal information. This study combines the associative-propositional evaluation model (APE) and cognitive load theory, using event-related potential (ERP) technology to investigate the underlying mechanisms of how the comprehensibility and interpretability of privacy empowerment illusion cues affect users' immediate attitudes and privacy disclosure behaviours; these mechanisms are mediated by psychological processing and cognitive load differences. Behavioural research results indicate that in the context of privacy empowerment illusion cues with low comprehensibility, users are more inclined to disclose their private information when faced with high interpretability than they are when faced with low interpretability. EEG results show that in the context of privacy empowerment illusion cues with low comprehensibility, high interpretability induces greater P2 amplitudes than does low interpretability; low interpretability induces greater N2 amplitudes than does high interpretability. This study extends the scopes of the APE model and cognitive load theory in the field of privacy research, providing new insights into privacy attitudes. Doing so offers a valuable framework through which digital enterprises can gain a deeper understanding of users' genuine privacy attitudes and immediate reactions under privacy empowerment illusion situations. This understanding can help increase user privacy protection and improve their overall online experience, making it highly relevant and beneficial.

Disclosure of cinnamic acid/4,9-diaminoacridine conjugates as multi-stage antiplasmodial hits.

4,9-diaminoacridines with reported antiplasmodial activity were coupled to different trans-cinnamic acids, delivering a new series of conjugates inspired by the covalent bitherapy concept. The new compounds were more potent than primaquine against hepatic stages of Plasmodium berghei, although this was accompanied by cytotoxic effects on Huh-7 hepatocytes. Relevantly, the conjugates displayed nanomolar activities against blood stage P. falciparum parasites, with no evidence of hemolytic effects below 100 µM. Moreover, the new compounds were at least 25-fold more potent than primaquine against P. falciparum gametocytes. Thus, the new antiplasmodial hits disclosed herein emerge as valuable templates for the development of multi-stage antiplasmodial drug candidates.

Recommendations of the Polish-speaking Working Group of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG-PL) regarding the disclosure of biological traces and the handling of evidence for identification tests. / Zalecenia Polskojezycznej Grupy Miedzynarodowego Towarzystwa Genetyki Sadowej (ISFG-PL) dotyczace ujawniania i identyfikacji sladów biologicznych przeznaczonych do badan genetycznych.

The purpose of this paper is to formulate recommendations for the disclosure of biological traces in the laboratory and the handling of forensic evidence submitted for identification tests, recommended by the Polish Speaking Working Group of the International Society for Forensic Genetics. The paper organizes the knowledge of the most relevant stages of preliminary analysis of biological traces based on both literature sources and those resulting from years of research practice. Recommendations formulated in the course of multi-stage expert consultations contained in this study should be used in the development of laboratory procedures applied during the execution.

Shaping nature outcomes in corporate settings.

Transnational companies have substantive impacts on nature: a hallmark of living in the Anthropocene. Understanding these impacts through company provision of information is a precursor to holding them accountable for nature outcomes. The effect of increasing disclosures (of varying quality) is predicated on 'information governance', an approach that uses disclosure requirements to drive company behaviour. However, its efficacy is not guaranteed. We argue that three conditions are required before disclosures have the possibility to shape nature outcomes, namely: (1) radical traceability that links company actions to outcomes in particular settings; (2) developing organizational routines, tools and approaches that translate strategic intent to on-the-ground behaviour; and (3) mobilizing and aligning financial actors with corporate nature ambitions. While disclosure is key to each of these conditions, its limits must be taken into account and it must be nested in governance approaches that shape action, not just reporting. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bringing nature into decision-making'.

Informed consent in cancer clinical care: Perspectives of healthcare professionals on information disclosure at a tertiary institution in Uganda.

INTRODUCTION: While there have been several studies examining the understanding and quality of informed consent in clinical trials of cancer therapies, there is limited empirical research on health practitioners' experiences on the informed consent process in cancer care, especially from low resource settings. This study explored health professionals' perspectives on information disclosure during the consenting process in cancer care. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive approach was used to collect data. Face to face interviews were conducted with 10 purposively selected healthcare professionals who were actively involved in soliciting informed consent at a cancer treatment centre in Uganda. A thematic approach was used to interpret the results. RESULTS: There were five key themes, and these included information disclosure to patients; assessment of patients' cancer awareness, treatment preferences and expectations; informed consent practices; barriers to optimal informed consent and information disclosure; and recommendations for improving the consenting process. All respondents appreciated the value of disclosing accurate information to patients to facilitate informed decision making. However, the informed consent process was deemed sub-optimal. Respondents asserted that patients should be the psychological wellbeing of patients should be protected by mentally preparing them before disclosing potentially distressing information. All healthcare professionals were appreciative of the central role the family plays in the consenting process. CONCLUSION: Overall, informed consent practices were not ideal because of the several challenges. Inadequate time is devoted to information disclosure and patient education; there is lack of privacy; and informed consent documentation is poor. There is a need for significant improvement in informed consent practices and healthcare professional-patient communication.

What Is "Key Information"? Consideration of the Reasons People Do or Do Not Take Part in Research.

We performed a qualitative review of 50 consent forms posted on Clinicaltrials.gov, examining the content of key information sections. We found that key information disclosures are typically focused on procedures, risks, potential benefits, and alternatives. Drawing upon reviews of the large literature examining the reasons people do or do not take part in research, we propose that these disclosures should be based more directly on what we know to be the real reasons why people choose to take part or refuse participation. We propose key information language for consideration by researchers and institutional review boards.

Preference and Disclosure of Fetal Gender to Pregnant Women during Prenatal Ultrasonography in South South Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound scan (USS) in pregnancy has become a common diagnostic tool used in the assessment of pregnancy in recent time. In the course of routine pregnancy assessment using USS, some pregnant women will request to know the sex of their unborn babies. Their reasons for wanting to know the gender of their baby could be either for social reason like planning for an unborn child or their desire for a preferred gender. AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate gender preferences and disclosure of foetal sex at prenatal USS. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the antenatal clinic of Central Hospital Agbor, Delta State, Nigeria. A total of 235 consecutive consenting women who came for antenatal care (ANC) registration were recruited for the study after obtaining their informed written consent. Questionnaire was used to seek for their sociodemographic characteristics, preference and desires for foetal gender disclosure, reasons for gender disclosure, and awareness of USS accuracy for gender determination. RESULTS: The desire to know the sex of baby was high (99.6%). The major reason for wanting to know the sex of baby was to plan for the unborn child (47.7%) and maternal curiosity (37.0%). Majority of the women (57.4%) had no gender preference. Sixty percent (60%) were not aware that USS sex diagnosis could be wrong. CONCLUSION: There is a strong desire by pregnant women to know the sex of their babies at routine USS. Considering the fact that many of the women were not aware that there could be wrong diagnosis at prenatal ultrasound, it is suggested that adequate counselling be given before fetal sex disclosure.

Disclosure and Reporting of Abuse Against Older Adults: Perspectives of Older Adults with Abuse Histories and Service Providers in Alberta, Canada.

This exploratory qualitative study seeks to understand the barriers and facilitators of disclosure and reporting of abuse against older adults by conducting interviews with older adults with lived experience of abuse and service providers working directly with this population in Alberta, Canada. Thematic analysis revealed three key themes: (1) Barriers to disclosure and reporting of abuse; (2) Facilitators to disclosure and reporting; and (3) Key tensions between service providers' and older adults' perceptions of the disclosure and reporting process. Based on these findings, we offer recommendations to increase awareness, promote disclosure, and improve services for older adults experiencing abuse.

Leveraging natural capital accounting to support businesses with nature-related risk assessments and disclosures.

Nature loss threatens businesses, the global economy and financial stability. Understanding and addressing these risks for business will require credible measurement approaches and data. This paper explores how natural capital accounting (NCA) can support business data and information needs related to nature, including disclosures aligned with the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures recommendations. As businesses seek to measure, manage and disclose their nature-related risks and opportunities, they will need well-organized, consistent and high-quality information regarding their dependencies and impacts on nature, which few businesses currently collect or track in-house. NCA may be useful for these purposes but has not been widely used or applied by businesses. National NCA guided by the U.N. System of Environmental-Economic Accounting may provide: (i) a useful framework for businesses in conceptualizing, organizing and managing nature-related data and statistics; and (ii) data and information that can directly support business disclosures, corporate NCA and other business applications. This paper explores these opportunities as well as synergies between national and corporate natural capital accounts. In addition, the paper discusses key barriers to advancing the wider use and benefits of NCA for business, including: awareness of NCA, data access, business capabilities related to NCA, spatial and temporal scales of data, audit and assurance considerations, potential risks, and costs and incentives. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bringing nature into decision-making'.

In-person versus electronic screening for social risks among carers of pediatric inpatients: A mixed methods randomized trial.

We aimed to compare disclosure of social risks according to self-report on an iPad versus face-to-face questions from a health professional and to explore carers' experiences of screening. This two-arm, parallel group, randomized trial was conducted from January 19, 2021, to December 17, 2021, in a public hospital pediatric ward serving a disadvantaged area of an Australian capital city. Carers of children aged ≤ 5 years admitted to the Children's Ward were eligible. The primary outcome was disclosure of social risks. The screener included nine items on food security, household utilities, transport, employment, personal and neighborhood safety, social support, housing and homelessness. Disclosure of social risks was similar between the self-completion (n = 193) and assisted-completion (n = 193) groups for all 9 items, ranging 4.1% higher for worrying about money for food (95% CI - 11.4, 3.1%) among the assisted-completion group, to 5.7% (-1.6, 13.0%) higher for unemployment among the self-completion group. In qualitative interviews, participants were positive about screening for social risks in the hospital ward setting and the majority indicated a preference for self-completion.  Conclusion: Differences in the disclosure of social risks according to self- versus assisted-completion were small, suggesting that either method could be used. Most carers expressed a preference for self- completion, which is therefore recommended as the ideal mode for such data collection for Australian pediatric inpatient settings.  Trial registration: Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ( www.anzctry.org.au ; #ACTRN12620001326987; date of registration 8 December 2020). What is Known: • Most evidence on screening of social risks in pediatric inpatient settings is from the USA. • Little is known about disclosure of social risks in countries with universal health care and social welfare. What is New: • Disclosure of social risks was similar for electronic compared with face-to-face screening. • Carers preferred electronic completion over face-to-face completion.