Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Information Security Attitude Questionnaire for nurses.

AIM: Nurses play a crucial role within medical institutions, maintaining direct interaction with patient data. Despite this, there is a scarcity of tools for evaluating nurses' perspectives on patient information security. This study aimed to translate the Information Security Attitude Questionnaire into Chinese and validate its reliability and validity among clinical nurses. DESIGN: A cross-sectional design. METHODS: A total of 728 clinical nurses from three hospitals in China participated in this study. The Information Security Attitude Questionnaire (ISA-Q) was translated into Chinese utilizing the Brislin two-way translation method. The reliability was assessed through internal consistency coefficient and test-retest reliability. The validity was determined through the Delphi expert consultation method and factor analysis. RESULTS: The Chinese version of ISA-Q consists of 30 items. Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.930, and Cronbach's α coefficient of the six dimensions ranged from 0.781 to 0.938. The split-half reliability and test-retest reliability were 0.797 and 0.848, respectively. The content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.962. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 6-factor structure supported by eigenvalues, total variance interpretation, and scree plots, accounting for a cumulative variance contribution rate of 69.436%. Confirmatory factor analysis further validated the 6-factor structure, demonstrating an appropriate model fit. CONCLUSION: The robust reliability and validity exhibited by the Chinese version of ISA-Q establish it as a dependable tool for evaluating the information security attitudes of clinical nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The Chinese iteration of the ISA-Q questionnaire offers a profound insight into the information security attitudes held by clinical nurses. This understanding serves as a foundation for nursing managers to develop targeted intervention strategies aimed at fortifying nurses' information security attitudes, thereby enhancing patient safety.

Cultural adaptation and Sepedi translation of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale.

BACKGROUND:  The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale is a widely used measure to identify older adults with balance difficulties. However, its applicability in the diverse South African context is hindered by cross-cultural and linguistic differences. Limited research exists on the use of the ABC scale in native South African languages. OBJECTIVES:  This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the ABC scale into Sepedi, evaluate its reliability and determine self-perceived balance confidence among elderly individuals in a rural community. METHOD:  The ABC scale was translated and culturally adapted into Sepedi. Two trained raters administered the Sepedi version of the ABC (ABC-S) scale to 32 individuals aged between 60 and 88 years. Test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were determined, with one rater re-administering the scale 2 weeks later. RESULTS:  Ten items from the original ABC scale were modified because of cultural, semantic or contextual inappropriateness. The ABC-S scale demonstrated very good intra- and inter-rater reproducibility, with an average intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.85 and 0.81, respectively. The self-perceived balance confidence among elderly Sepedi individuals, as evaluated by the ABC-S scale, was high, with an average score of 81.3 and a range of 58.1 to 95.9. CONCLUSION:  The ABC-S scale is a reliable measurement tool to investigate balance confidence in Sepedi-speaking older adults.Contribution: The ABC-S scale is a valuable screening tool for the identification of balance difficulties in Sepedi-speaking older adults as well as research settings.

Translation, cultural adaptation and linguistic validation of the postgraduate hospital educational environment measure into Arabic.

BACKGROUND: Assessment of the clinical learning environment (CLE) is an essential step that teaching hospitals routinely undertake to ensure the environment is conducive, learning-oriented and supportive of junior doctors' education. The Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM) is an internationally recognized tool for assessing the CLE with evidence of high reliability and validity. Translation of PHEEM into other languages such as Spanish, Japanese and Persian enabled wider adoption of the instrument in the world. However, in Syria and other Arabic countries, a validated Arabic translation of PHEEM is still not available, making it difficult to adopt it and use it in Arabic contexts. This study aims to translate and culturally adapt the PHEEM from English into Arabic. METHODS: This study followed the structured translation and validation process guideline proposed by Sousa & Rojjanasrirat 2010. First, the PHEEM went through forward translation by three translators, then reconciled with the aid of a fourth translator. Afterwards, two professional bicultural and bilingual translators conducted back translation into English and compared it with the original version. This formed the Pre-final Version (PFV) which was then pretested for clarity on a sample of medical residents in Damascus, Syria. Following appropriate modifications, the PFV was sent to a panel of experts for a comprehensive review of language clarity and to assess content validity. RESULTS: A total of thirty-five medical residents were recruited. Ten items with language clarity issues were identified and modified according to the elicited suggestions. Thereafter, the modified PFV was presented to ten subject experts who identified three items in need of revision. The item-content Validity Index (CVI) was over 0.78 for all of the 40 items; the calculated scale-CVI was 0.945. DISCUSSION: This study provided the first linguistically valid Arabic translation of the widely used PHEEM inventory. The next step is to conduct a full psychometric analysis of the Arabic PHEEM to provide further evidence of validity and reliability.

Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Self-care of Hypertension Inventory Version 3.0 in adults with hypertension.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is an important cardiovascular disease risk factor. Blood pressure control for hypertensive patients is crucial to prevent hypertension related complications. Ensuring and assessing self-care of hypertensive patients is important for blood pressure control and hypertension management. The Self-care of Hypertension Inventory (SC-HI) is an inventory developed for assessing self-care of hypertensive individuals. SC-HI has three subscales; maintenance, monitoring and management. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to conduct Turkish version of SC-HI Version 3.0 (SC-HI V3.0) and assessing its psychometric properties for adults with hypertension. METHODS: We included 120 hypertensive patients in this methodological study. SC-HI V3.0 translated Turkish and tested for reliability and validity. To analyse structural validity item-total correlations and factor analyses was used. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) method was selected for analysing scale's consistency and convergent validity was conducted. RESULTS: The mean age of participants were 54.74 ± 7.19 years and the mean duration from hypertension diagnosis were 38.19 ± 19.42 months. Translated Turkish version's factor loadings were ranged between 0.419 and 0.841. Cronbach's alpha coefficient values were 0.661, 0.880, 0.805 and ICC values were 1.0, 0.99, 0.99 for maintenance, monitoring and management, respectively. Convergent validity's correlation coefficients weak to very strong and statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Turkish version of the SC-HI Version 3.0 is reliable, valid and useful scale for assessing self-management in hypertensive adults for clinical practice and research purposes.

Psychometric validation of the Persian version of the ethical awareness scale for nurses working in Iranian intensive care units.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to translate and validate the ethical awareness scale for nurses working in Iranian intensive care units. DESIGN: A cross-sectional psychometric study. METHODS: The study was conducted in Oct 2020 to Sep 2021, involving the participation of 200 ICU nurses. The process included translation of the original version of the ethical awareness scale into Persian, following the World Health Organization guideline, for use in Iran. The translated version was then evaluated for reliability, face validity, content validity ratio, content validity index, convergent validity and construct validity. RESULTS: The initial reliability of the scale was established. In qualitative face validity, a few items changed slightly and all items were retained in the quantitative face validity assessment. Based on Lawshe's values, three items were removed from the scale during CVR assessment. All items exhibited acceptable CVI scores. Convergent validity was established with an average variance extracted greater than 0.5. The fit indices, such as CFI = 0.94, GFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.01, AGFI = 0.97 and CMIN/DF = 2.99, supported the structural model of the scale. The fit indices for the structural model of the scale were all within acceptable ranges, suggesting that the model fit the data well. Its reliability was confirmed through the test-retest method, with Cronbach's alpha = 0.84 and McDonald's omega coefficient >0.8. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate the Persian version of the ethical awareness scale for Iran (EAS-IR) is comparable in content to the original version, demonstrating its validity and reliability for assessing ethical awareness among Iranian nurses in ICUs. The scale can be a valuable resource for measuring ethical awareness in the Iranian healthcare context and may contribute to improving ethical practices and decision-making in ICU settings. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: In this project, no patient or public contribution was necessary, because it was not applied to our work.

Evaluating the content and face validity of Arabic-translated Patient Measures of Safety survey PMOS-30.

BACKGROUND: The importance of patient perception of patient safety has been proven as an active role in promoting safety and predicting harm. Patients play a vital role in the healthcare sector and the impact of patient perception of patient safety has been repetitively proven in the literature to be for its effectiveness in predicting harm and promoting safety. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge about the specific insights patients can provide concerning safety within Arab countries. Therefore, improving and strengthening active patient participation by including patients' perceptions of safety could offer novel contributions to the realm of patient safety. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the validity of the Arabic version of the PMOS-30. METHOD: The forward-backward translation procedure was used to translate and validate the PMOS-30. Mix methods were used to assess the validity of the translated version. The expert raters evaluated the content validity and interviews were conducted with in-patients to assess the face validity. Test-retest approach was conducted to pilot the final Arabic version. RESULTS: Data of face validity from 13 participants for the first test and 5 participants for the re-test was collected and showed an improvement in the clarity rate (71.50% and 94.66% respectively). With respect to the content validity of the final version, the CVI was 0.92, indicating excellent relevant results. CONCLUSION: The final version of the revised was approved by the expert to be a valid tool to measure patient perceptions of patient safety in Arabic-speaking patients to be utilized on patient safety improvement initiatives.

[Risk Factors for Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Interpreters with Personal Trauma Experience]. / Risikofaktoren für sekundären traumatischen Stress (STS) und Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS) bei Dolmetschenden mit eigener Traumaerfahrung.

BACKGROUND: Interpreters play a crucial role in the care of refugees. However, little attention has been paid to the mental health of interpreters. Despite increased levels of secondary traumatic stress (STS) and increased prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among interpreters in the refugee context, there has been little research on risk factors for STS and PTSD in this population. The aim of this study was to investigate potential risk factors for STS and PTSD symptom severity. METHODS: A Germany-wide online survey was conducted among interpreters for refugees in 2019. Only those who stated that they had experienced at least one traumatic event were included in the study. The final sample comprises N=83 interpreters. The examination of the potential risk factors (primary traumatic events, traumatic content, and personal refugee background) as well as the interaction between primary traumatic events and traumatic content was carried out using moderated multiple regression. RESULTS: There was exclusively found a positive association between the number of primary traumatic events for both STS (p=0.003) and PTSD symptom severity (p=0.042). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: In the present study, the number of primary traumatic events experienced was identified as a potential risk factor for STS and PTSD. The institutionalization of preventive measures such as regular supervision, follow-up talks, and interpreter-specific training could make an important contribution to protecting the mental health of interpreters. Further research is needed to gain a better understanding of risk factors for STS and PTSD in interpreters.

Community interpreting in Germany: results of a nationwide cross-sectional study among interpreters.

BACKGROUND: Community interpreters (CIPs) play a crucial role in various community services, including healthcare, when service providers and users do not share a common language. However, there is a lack of evidence-based data on this population globally. This explorative cross-sectional study aims to gain a better understanding of CIPs and their work in Germany. METHODS: A nationwide online survey was conducted among CIPs in Germany to collect data on their qualification background, working conditions, mental health, interpreting-related psychosocial distress and sociodemographics. Participants were recruited through interpreting pools, training institutions and migrant organizations. Data were analyzed descriptively, dependent t-test, multiple logistic and hierarchical stepwise regression analyses were performed to predict participation in interpreting-specific training, interpreting competence and interpreting-related psychosocial distress. RESULTS: Across all 16 federal states, N = 873 responses were used for analysis. Most participants are female (74%), born abroad (77%) and have a high level of education (69%). The vast majority interpret occasionally in their leisure time (44%) and are self-employed/freelance (51%). 34% interpret solely or additional on a voluntary basis (unpaid). The median hours of interpreting per month are 10 h, 75% do not exceed 30 h. On average interpreters work in four different settings. 69% attended any kind of interpreting training with a median of 25 h in total. Interpreting in more settings emerged as an associated factor with participation in training. Of those who have never attended any training, 69% consider themselves as rather/very competent in interpreting. Interpreting more frequently, having less severe anxiety symptoms, getting higher and more often paid and being less satisfied with the payment is associated with self-reported interpreting competence. In total, 36% reported moderate or severe psychosocial distress regarding interpreting. Higher general psychosocial distress and depressive symptoms, higher interpreting frequency and lower payment satisfaction were found to be associated with higher distress regarding interpreting. Additionally, factors such as precarious work conditions, lack of recognition and discrimination (e.g. racism and sexism) were reported as distressing. CONCLUSION: This study provides a first comprehensive evidence-based national database on CIPs in Germany. The findings can be valuable for the development of qualifications, guidelines, policies and the process of professionalizing the field of CIPs.

Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Arabic Version of the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale for Parents.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to translate into Arabic and culturally adapt the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale for parents (SSQ-P). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a 10-month period from February to November 2021. Translation of the SSQ-P into Arabic was performed using the forward-backward translation methodology, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Parents of 130 Arabic children aged 5-11 years with normal hearing were asked to complete the Arabic adaptation of the SSQ-P. RESULTS: The SSQ-P was successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted into Arabic with only a few changes to ensure the comprehensibility and cultural appropriateness of the Arabic version. All parents returned the Arabic SSQ-P, with no missing data. The Arabic SSQ-P showed high internal consistency, with the Cronbach's alpha of approximately 0.91. The intraclass correlation coefficient of the individual items and total SSQ-P score was 0.90, indicating high reliability (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The Arabic translation and cultural adaptation of the SSQ-P is currently available. Further studies are needed to assess test-retest reliability and discriminant validity of the Arabic SSQ-P to better understand its usefulness and applicability.

Translation and reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-Specific Quality of Life-Short Form.

OBJECTIVE: To translate Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-Specific Quality of Life-Short Form (ALSSQOL-SF) and test its reliability and validity, so that explore feasibility in Chinese mainland and make up the gap of specific tools for measuring quality of life of patients with ALS. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional design. The Brislin translation model was used to translate ALSSQOL-SF, and the Chinese version of ALSSQOL-SF (C-ALSSQOL-SF) was revised through cultural adaptation and pre-test. The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 138 patients with ALS in Tianjin to test the reliability and validity of the C-ALSSQOL-SF. RESULTS: The C-ALSSQOL-SF included 20 items, covering 6 dimensions: physical symptoms, bulbar function, negative emotion, interaction with people and the environment, religiosity and intimacy. The scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) of C-ALSSQOL-SF was 0.964, and the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was between 0.857 to 1.000. The results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed that CMIN/DF = 1.161, RMSEA = 0.034, GFI = 0.892, IFI = 0.976, TLI = 0.969, CFI = 0.975, and the 6-factor model fitted well. The scores of C-ALSSQOL-SF and WHOQOL-BREF were positively correlated (r = 0.745). The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.85, the Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension was between 0.59 to 0.86, and the split-half reliability was 0.78. CONCLUSION: The Chinese version of ALSSQOL-SF has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool to evaluate the quality of life of patients with ALS in Chinese mainland.

Pilot Testing Transcreated Spanish-Language Study Materials for Symptom Research With Infants and Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

BACKGROUND: Rising admission rates of Hispanic/Latinx families to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have increased the number of non-English-speaking individuals who may wish to participate in research studies. However, a lack of appropriately translated research study materials may limit the opportunity for these families to be involved in research that could impact the care that infants and families receive in the NICU. PURPOSE: The primary purpose was to pilot test study materials that were transcreated from English to Spanish with the assistance of a bilingual community advisory board with Spanish-speaking parents of NICU infants. METHODS: A total of 19 Spanish-speaking parents (15 mothers and 4 fathers) who were representative of the population of interest completed paper-and-pencil surveys, along with a cognitive interview. Preliminary data related to decision-making and goals of care, infant symptoms, and their experiences in the NICU were also collected. RESULTS: The internal reliability of the transcreated study instruments ranged from good to excellent (α= 0.82-0.99). Participants reported that study materials were not offensive and did not make them feel uncomfortable; however, they found some words/phrases to be confusing. Parents had the opportunity to provide suggested wording changes. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH: Language barriers and a lack of cultural responsiveness can affect the care that infants and their families receive. More accurate and culturally appropriate transcreation of study materials can remove barriers to research participation and facilitate better communication with non-English-speaking families, which may lead to the development of better-informed evidence-based interventions and clinical practices in the NICU.

Testing the feasibility of a translated and culturally adapted person-centred training programme in maternal and newborn healthcare in Democratic Republic of Congo: A process evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: Ensuring quality of maternal and newborn healthcare is challenging in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) as the maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity rate is high. Essential for quality care is a person-centred approach. One model of person-centred care (PCC) has been developed at Gothenburg University. To support its implementation a training programme, "Mutual Meetings", has been developed. This study aims to test the feasibility of a translated and culturally adapted version of this PCC training programme for healthcare providers in the maternal and newborn healthcare context of DRC. METHODS: The PCC programme was translated into French and tested in a workshop with 31 maternal and newborn healthcare providers in eastern DRC. The feasibility of the programme was evaluated through focus group interviews and individual interviews. The interview transcripts were analysed deductively using key components in a process evaluation framework including fidelity, dose, reach, adaptation, acceptability, and application. RESULTS: The French PCC programme exceeded the participants' expectations and was found being applicable in both teaching and clinical setting with some suggested contextual modifications. Its pedagogic structure including a participatory reflective approach, was perceived innovative and inspirational, mediated a sense of comfort, and enabled the participants to use a person-centred approach towards each other. CONCLUSION: The results show that the French on-site version of the PCC training programme was valid in terms of feasibility and how it was received by the participants. The study demonstrates the importance of contextual adaptation of complex interventions in new settings.

Validation of Tunisian Arabic version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in non-clinical adolescents.

INTRODUCTION: Sleep quality is a complex phenomenon with quantitative and subjective aspects that vary during adolescence. The prevalence of sleep disorders is not known in Tunisia due to the lack of validated tools. AIM: To translate and validate the questionnaire Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) into Tunisian Arabic in middle school students. METHODS: We translated the PSQI into Tunisian Arabic based on the translation back-translation method. We conducted a cross-sectional study on a sample of 560 adolescents. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to study construct validity. To test reliability, the global internal consistency of the scale was computed. RESULTS: The construct validity was verified by factor analysis, proving that a single factor explained 30.3% of the overall variance. This model produced a good factor load for all the components. The analysis of the reliability showed an acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.6). CONCLUSION: The Arabic Tunisian version of the PSQI is a psychometrically valid measure. The PSQI could be useful for the detection and evaluation of symptoms of sleep disorders, as well as for further studies and researches about associated factors with poor sleep quality in adolescent and youth.

Adapting the athlete sleep behavior questionnaire (ASBQ) for Arabic-speaking populations: Translation, reliability testing, and validation using classical theory and item response theory.

Sleep is essential for athletes' physical performance as well as their general health, well-being, and quality of life. To assess athletes' sleep behaviors, the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) was developed in the English language. However, a validated Arabic-version of the ASBQ is lacking. This study aimed to translate the ASBQ into Arabic (ASBQ-AR) and evaluate its reliability and validity among Arabic-speaking athletes. A total of 458 participants (254 athletes, 202 non-athletes) from four Arabic countries completed the ASBQ-AR and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaires. The psychometric properties of the ASBQ-AR were examined using unidimensional reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Item Response Theory (IRT), and convergent validity. The ASBQ-AR had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.723, McDonald's ω = 0.725) and a factorial structure, confirming its construct validity. CFA demonstrated improved model fit indices after the removal of two potentially misfitting items (items 4 and 13); however, the model's fit to the data remains suboptimal. IRT results indicated that the majority of items demonstrated a good model fit, suggesting effective measurement of the intended construct without significant interference, except for ASBQ-AR 4. Additionally, ASBQ-AR 4 appears to present the highest level of difficulty for respondents. In terms of convergent validity, the mean ASBQ-AR global score was correlated with the mean ISI global score (r = 0.5, p < 0.0001). The ASBQ-AR is a reliable and valid tool for assessing maladaptive sleep practices among Arabic-speaking athletes. Additional refinements to the ASBQ-AR are warranted to optimize its psychometric properties.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Voice-related Experiences of Nonbinary Individuals - VENI to Brazilian Portuguese. / Adaptação transcultural do Voice-related Experiences of Nonbinary Individuals ­ VENI para o português brasileiro.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the "Voice-related Experiences of Nonbinary Individuals" (VENI) to Brazilian Portuguese (BP). METHODS: Cross-cultural adaptation was performed based on the combined guidelines of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Translation Recommendations and the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). The process included five stages: a) Translation of the instrument into BP by a translator specialized in the construct and a non-specialist, both native BP speakers and fluent in English; b) Synthesis of the two translations by consensus; c) Back-translation by a translator specialized in the construct and a non-specialist, both native English speakers and fluent in BP; d) Analysis by a committee of five speech-language pathologists voice specialist and the creation of the final version; e) Pre-testing with 21 individuals from the target population, conducted virtually. RESULTS: During the translation stage, there were disagreements regarding the title, instructions, response key, and 15 items. In the back-translation stage, there were discrepancies in the format of 12 items and the content of four items. The expert committee's analysis led to changes in the title, instructions, one option in the response key, and eight items to meet the equivalence criteria. In the pre-test, a significantly higher proportion of usual responses to the instrument was observed when compared to the non-applicable option; this is frequently observed in instrument adaptations. CONCLUSION: The cross-cultural adaptation of VENI into Brazilian Portuguese was successful, resulting in the "Experiências relacionadas à Voz de Pessoas Não Binárias - VENI-Br" version.

OBJETIVO: Traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente o Voice-related Experiences of Nonbinary Individuals ­ VENI para o português brasileiro. MÉTODO: Os procedimentos de adaptação transcultural foram baseados na combinação das recomendações e diretrizes da World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines on Translation com o COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). Foram realizadas cinco etapas: a) tradução do instrumento para o Português Brasileiro (PB) por um tradutor especialista no construto e um não-especialista, nativos do PB e fluentes em inglês; b) elaboração da síntese das duas traduções por consenso; c) retrotradução por um tradutor especialista no construto e um não-especialista, nativos do inglês e fluentes em PB; d) análise de um comitê formado por cinco fonoaudiólogos especialistas em voz e elaboração da versão final; e) pré-teste com 21 pessoas da população-alvo, aplicado virtualmente. RESULTADOS: Na tradução houve discordância no título, instruções, chave de resposta e em 15 itens. Na retrotradução, houve discordância quanto à forma em 12 itens e ao conteúdo em 4 itens. A análise do comitê de especialistas indicou mudanças no título, instruções de resposta, uma opção da chave de resposta, e em oito itens, para atender aos critérios de equivalência. No pré-teste houve proporção significativamente maior de respostas habituais do instrumento quando comparadas com a opção não-aplicável, usada regularmente nas adaptações de instrumentos. CONCLUSÃO: A adaptação transcultural para o português brasileiro do VENI foi bem sucedida e resultou na versão denominada "Experiências relacionadas a Voz de Pessoas Não Binárias - VENI-Br".

Healthcare Provider Perceptions of the Use of Medical Interpretation in Primary Care.

OBJECTIVES: Sixty-three percent of Latinos/as/x in Alabama, speak English "not well" or "not at all." Effective provider-patient communication is the foundation of successful clinical interactions. Medical interpretation is important to the healthcare provision for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). We examined Alabama providers' perceptions of working with medical interpreters to identify strategies to improve healthcare provision for LEP patients. METHODS: We conducted nine semistructured qualitative interviews with primary healthcare providers in western Alabama. We used NVivo to conduct thematic coding and content analysis. RESULTS: Of the nine providers, one self-identified as Latina and the others identified as White. Four participants worked in community clinics and five worked at university-based clinics. Four themes emerged: preference for in-person interpreters over technology-based interpretation; providers' perceptions and expectations of the roles of professional interpreters; challenges in the communication process; and use of family members or other ad hoc interpreters. CONCLUSIONS: To meet the needs of Latino/a/x communities, clinical settings should invest in adequate staffing of in-person interpreters, infrastructure and workflow improvements, and the hiring and training of polylingual providers. Capacity-building opportunities to establish team building between interpreters and providers could be useful tools in improving healthcare provision for LEP patients.

Automated translation accurately translates recorded pediatric neurosurgery clinic conversations between Spanish and English.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyze an automated voice to text translation device by reporting the translation accuracy for recorded pediatric neurosurgery clinic conversations, classifying errors in translation according to their impact on overall understanding, and comparing the incidence of these errors in English to Spanish vs. Spanish to English conversations. METHODS: English and Spanish speaking patients at a single academic health system's outpatient pediatric neurosurgery clinic had their conversations recorded. These recordings were played back to a Google Pixel handheld smartphone with Live Translate voice to text translation software. A certified medical interpreter evaluated recordings for incidence of minor errors, errors impacting understanding, and catastrophic errors affecting patient-provider relationship or care. Two proportion t-testing was used to compare these outcomes. RESULTS: 50 patient visits were recorded: 40 English recordings translated to Spanish and 10 Spanish recordings translated to English. The mean transcript length was 4244 ± 992 words. The overall accuracy was 98.2% ± 0.5%. On average, 46 words were missed in translation (1.09% error rate), 31 understanding-altering translation errors (0.73% error rate), and 0 catastrophic errors were made. There was no significant difference in English to Spanish or vice versa. CONCLUSION: Voice to text translation devices using automatic speech recognition accurately translate recorded clinic conversations between Spanish and English with high accuracy and low incidence of errors impacting medical care or understanding. Further study should investigate additional languages, assess patient preferences and potential concerns with respect to device use, and compare these devices directly to medical interpreters in live clinic settings.

Reliability, Validity, Modification and Expansion of the Chinese Version of the Disease-Specific Anxiety Questionnaire for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: To translate a disease-specific anxiety questionnaire on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and test its reliability and validity in China. Patients and Methods: The German version of the revised COPD Anxiety Questionnaire (CAF-R) was initially validated using step-by-step translation, back-translation, and cross-cultural adaptation. The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the CAF-R (CAF-R-CN) were tested among 448 patients with COPD (mean age =71.42±9.33 years, 17.2% female) from four medical institutions in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, using convenience sampling, from April 2022 to June 2023. Results: The CAF-R-CN included six dimensions with a total of 25 items. The item-level content validity index was 0.860-1.000; the scale-level content validity index was 0.920. The structural validity χ2/df was 2.326, the root mean square error of approximation was 0.077, the comparative fit index was 0.924, and the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.912. The six-dimensional internal consistency index Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.696-0.910, and the test-retest reliability was 0.949. An optimal cut-off score of 50.5 was selected with a sensitivity of 0.786 and specificity of 0.870. Conclusion: The CAF-R-CN had satisfactory reliability and validity and can be used to identify and assess anxiety in COPD patients with a Chinese cultural background.

Medical Interpreting Services for Refugees in Canada: Current State of Practice and Considerations in Promoting this Essential Human Right for All.

Language barriers, specifically among refugees, pose significant challenges to delivering quality healthcare in Canada. While the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the emergence and development of innovative alternatives such as telephone-based and video-conferencing medical interpreting services and AI tools, access remains uneven across Canada. This comprehensive analysis highlights the absence of a cohesive national strategy, reflected in diverse funding models employed across provinces and territories, with gaps and disparities in access to medical interpreting services. Advocating for medical interpreting, both as a moral imperative and a prudent investment, this article draws from human rights principles and ethical considerations, justified in national and international guidelines, charters, codes and regulations. Substantiated by a cost-benefit analysis, it emphasizes that medical interpreting enhances healthcare quality and preserves patient autonomy. Additionally, this article illuminates decision-making processes for utilizing interpreting services; recognizing the pivotal roles of clinicians, interpreters, patients and caregivers within the care circle; appreciating intersectional considerations such as gender, culture and age, underscoring the importance of a collaborative approach. Finally, it provides recommendations at provider, organizational and system levels to ensure equitable access to this right and to promote the health and well-being of refugees and other individuals facing language barriers within Canada's healthcare system.

Professional autonomy among Registered Nurses-Validation of the translation of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale and survey results.

AIM: To test the psychometric properties of the Finnish version of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale and explore nurses' professional autonomy along with which characteristics are related to it. DESIGN: An instrument validation and a descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS: The web-based survey was conducted in September 2021 at two university hospitals in Finland. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to explore the factor structure of the modified instrument, while Cronbach's α coefficients were calculated to determine the reliability of the scale. Descriptive univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to examine Registered Nurses' professional autonomy. The study followed STROBE guidelines. RESULTS: During the validation process, the 30 items of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale were reduced to 25 items. The S-CVI/Ave for the translated scale was 0.94. When one additional item was omitted from the EFA, the results supported five factors, which explained 45.9% of the total variance. The mean overall autonomy score was 3.63 out of 5, with readiness and empowerment the subscales with the highest and lowest, respectively, mean values. The linear regression models showed that age, nursing experience, unit type, education, shift, and perceptions of the importance of professional autonomy were related to the subscales describing professional autonomy. CONCLUSION: The psychometric testing provided evidence that the translated instrument was reliable. Nurses assessed that they are skilled professionals who are accountable for their actions. However, they experienced rather low levels of professional autonomy in empowerment and valuation. Health care organizations should consider this through authentic leadership and, thus, possibly strengthen professional autonomy.