Posttraumatic growth and its associations with perceived stress and core beliefs in women after traumatic childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic added new challenges and stressors to the childbirth period, potentially increasing the risk of traumatic childbirth experiences. There is little known about posttraumatic growth (PTG) in a childbearing population. This study describes PTG in women after traumatic childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with sociodemographic, birth-related characteristics, traumatic childbirth events, perceived stress, and core beliefs, as well as explores what factors predict PTG. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 202 women who self-identified as having experienced traumatic childbirth. Measures included sociodemographic and birth-related characteristics, traumatic childbirth events, self-reported stress during childbirth, the PTG Inventory, and the Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI). RESULTS: Perceived stress at the time of birth was very high in 70% of the respondents. CBI showed moderate disruption of core beliefs. 41.6% of mothers indicated substantial PTG. Education and type of birth were related to perceived stress levels; higher disruption of core beliefs was observed in individuals who experienced perineal trauma and lack of partners' presence during childbirth, and higher disruption of core beliefs was positively associated with PTG. Predictive models showed that perceived stress had a minimal effect, while the disruption of core beliefs showed a significant positive association with PTG. CONCLUSION: Traumatic childbirth experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic were positively related to PTG. Health professionals should create an environment where women can explore their feelings and emotions. Changes in current practices are also necessary as cesareans have been shown to be highly associated with high levels of perceived stress.

Contribution of the abbreviated CAVE-st questionnaire in Spanish: the attitudes toward childbirth experiences.

There are several factors that influence women's childbirth experience, and personal interactions with health professionals are of particular significance. The main objective of this study was to present the validation of an abbreviated form of an existing questionnaire on attitudes about childbirth in medical and nursing students. We used a sample of 512 perinatal medicine and nursing students who received the original 52-item CAVE-st questionnaire to obtain a shorter version with proper psychometric properties. We used Cronbach's alpha coefficient to evaluate the new version's internal consistency. The Kaiser- Meyer-Olkin test and the Barlett sphericity test were performed to assess the suitability of exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed using structural equation models in a second sample of 139 medical students. We obtained a 15-item version with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82. The EFA revealed a four-dimensional structure, similar to the full 52-item version. In the CFA the adjustment indexes showed good model fitness, RMSEA= 0.046 [CI 0.00-0.07]; CFI = 0.978. We can conclude that the 15-item version is a valid tool for evaluating the attitude of students toward childbirth, pointing out the matters that should be improved in their training to avoid obstetric trauma by the promotion of a positive experience in women during childbirth.

Self-efficacy and consistent condom use by people living with HIV and seroconcordant and serodiscordant sexual partners in the Ceará, Brazil.

The objectives were to assess the self-efficacy and consistent condom use by people living with HIV (PLHIV). A cross-sectional, comparative study was carried out in outpatient clinics in Ceará State, Brazil, with a sample of 190 PLHIV, 95 serodiscordant and 95 seroconcordant. Interviews were conducted using the Socio-Demographic, Clinical, Epidemiological and Vulnerability Form and the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale. Descriptive analysis, associations between variables, odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were determined. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the sample, 43.1% consistently used condoms (50.5% serodiscordant and 35.7% seroconcordant). Serodiscordant PLHIV without guidance on HIV prevention (P = 0.027) and without access to testing (P = 0.002) had lower self-efficacy and 11.5 times more chances for inconsistent condom use (P = 0.006), while those satisfied with follow-up in health were less likely to use condoms inconsistently (P = 0.011). We conclude that there is low consistent use of condoms among PLHIV, which increases the risk of HIV transmission and the acquisition of other sexually transmitted infections. Consistent condom use was greater among serodiscordant individuals, although there was no difference in self-efficacy in condom use between the groups.

Short term creatine loading improves strength endurance even without changing maximal strength, RPE, fatigue index, blood lactate, and mode state.

Creatine is consumed by athletes to increase strength and gain muscle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of creatine supplementation on maximal strength and strength endurance. Twelve strength-trained men (25.2 ± 3.4 years) supplemented with 20 g Creatina + 10g maltodextrin or placebo (20g starch + 10g maltodextrin) for five days in randomized order. Maximal strength and strength endurance (4 sets 70% 1RM until concentric failure) were determined in the bench press. In addition, blood lactate, rate of perceived effort, fatigue index, and mood state were evaluated. All measurements were performed before and after the supplementation period. There were no significant changing in maximal strength, blood lactate, RPE, fatigue index, and mood state in either treatment. However, the creatine group performed more repetitions after the supplementation (Cr: Δ = +3.4 reps, p = 0.036, g = 0.53; PLA: Δ = +0.3reps, p = 0.414, g = 0.06), and higher total work (Cr: Δ = +199.5au, p = 0.038, g = 0.52; PLA: Δ = +26.7au, p = 0.402, g = 0.07). Creatine loading for five days allowed the subjects to perform more repetitions, resulting in greater total work, but failed to change the maximum strength.

A palliative care goals model for people with dementia and their family: Consensus achieved in an international Delphi study.

BACKGROUND: Advance care planning in dementia includes supporting the person and their family to consider important goals of care. International research reports the importance of psycho-social-spiritual aspects towards end of life. AIM: To develop a multidimensional international palliative care goals model in dementia for use in practice. DESIGN: International Delphi study integrating consensus and evidence from a meta-qualitative study. The Delphi panel rated statements about the model on a 5-point agreement scale. The criteria for consensus were pre-specified. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen researchers from eight countries developed an initial model, and 169 candidate panellists were invited to the international online Delphi study. RESULTS: Panellists (107; response 63.3%) resided in 33 countries. The model comprised four main care goals: (1) Comfort ensured; (2) Control over function maintained; (3) Identity protected and personhood respected and (4) Coping with grief and loss-person and caregiver supported. The model reflects how needs and care goals change over time with the progression of dementia, concluding with bereavement support. The first version of the model achieved a consensus after which it was slightly refined based on feedback. We did not achieve a consensus on adding a goal of life prolongation, and on use of the model by people with dementia and family themselves. CONCLUSION: A new palliative care goals model for people with dementia and their families includes relationship aspects for use by professionals and achieved a consensus among a panel with diverse cultural background. The position of life prolongation in relation to palliative care goals needs further research.

Sodium bicarbonate improved CrossFit® Benchmark Fran, but not subsequent 500 m rowing performance.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sodium bicarbonate (SB) supplementation on physical performance, neuromuscular and metabolic responses during CrossFit® exercise. Seventeen Advanced CrossFit®-trained athletes completed the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover protocol consisting of four visits, including two familiarization sessions and two experimental trials separated by a 7-day washout period. Participants supplemented 0.3 g/kg body mass (BM) of SB or placebo 120-min prior to performing the CrossFit® benchmark Fran followed by 500 m of rowing. SB improved time to complete Fran compared to PLA (291.2 ± 71.1 vs. 303.3 ± 77.8 s, p = 0.047), but not 500 m rowing (112.1 s ± 7.9 vs. 113.2 s ± 8.9 s, p = 0.26). No substantial side-effects were reported during the trials. This study showed that SB improved CrossFit® benchmark Fran performance, but not subsequent 500-m rowing. These data suggest that SB might be an interesting supplementation strategy for CrossFit® athletes.

Posttraumatic growth in women after a childbirth experience: The influence of individual characteristics and intrusive and deliberate rumination.

OBJECTIVE: This study targets women who had a self-defined traumatic childbirth experience to (a) explore the differences between sociodemographic-, obstetric-, and trauma-related variables in relation to the rumination style; (b) determine differences between intrusive and deliberate rumination in relation to posttraumatic growth (PTG) dimensions, and (c) test whether intrusive rumination is associated with deliberate rumination, which in turn is associated with PTG dimensions. METHOD: A cross-sectional study design was employed using a web-based survey method for data collection. In total, 202 women who identified their childbirth experience as traumatic participated in this study. RESULTS: Intrusive rumination and deliberate rumination were positively associated with all dimensions of PTG in women following the traumatic childbirth event. Deliberate rumination fully explained the relationship between intrusive rumination and PTG aspects of relating to others, new opportunities, and personal strength, and partially explained the relationship between intrusive rumination and PTG aspects of spiritual changes and appreciation of life. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that deliberate rumination can contribute to explain the occurrence of PTG. These findings could help develop psychosocial interventions to maximize opportunities for deliberate rumination for women with traumatic childbirth experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Quality of life and adherence to antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV in the Ceará, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of life (QOL) and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 385 patients followed-up on an outpatient basis. Interviews were conducted using the Sociodemographic, Epidemiological and Clinical Form, the World Health Organization's Quality of Life in PLWH Instrument, the Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed. The odds ratio and confidence interval were calculated, considering P < 0.05 as statistically significant. Of the 385 PLWH, 134 (34.8%) had unsatisfactory QOL which was associated with unemployment (P = 0.0037), monthly income less than the minimum wage (P < 0.0001), sleep disorders (P = 0.0039) and not doing regular exercise (P = 0.0032). Inadequate adherence to ART occurred in 24 patients (6.23%) and was associated with detectable viral load (P = 0.0001) and unsatisfactory QOL (P = 0.0033). QOL was more unsatisfactory for those unemployed and with low income, sleep disorders and sedentary lifestyle. People with detectable viral load and unsatisfactory QOL had more inadequate adherence to ART.

Mental health training programs for non-health professionals and volunteers working with asylum-seekers and refugees: scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe the mental health training programs for non-health professionals and volunteers who work, have worked, or would work with asylum seekers and/or refugees. METHOD: Scoping review following JBI methodology. Search carried out in MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, RCAAP, ProQuest, and websites of Clinical Trials, UNHCR, International Organization for Migration, WHO, Save the Children, International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion in Europe, and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Studies written in English, Portuguese, French, Spanish and Swedish. RESULTS: Of the 8954 articles identified, 16 were included reporting on 11 training programs: Mind-Spring, PM+, MHFA, Cognitive-Behavioral Training for Community and Religious Leaders, EmpaTeach, Suicide Prevention Education Program, Teaching Recovery Techniques, Handbook for Teachers of Vietnamese Refugee Students, PFA, Psychosocial support of volunteers and CBP&MHPSS. CONCLUSION: Training programs from scientific literature focus on mental health disorders, while non-governmental organizations' documents focus on resilience and self-care. The current mental health training programs might be insufficient.

Evaluation of general and sports nutritional knowledge of recreational athletes.

Background: Nutritional knowledge is one of the factors that can lead to adopting healthy eating habits and, consequently, favoring sports performance. Aim: The study aimed to assess the nutritional knowledge and its subsections general and sports nutritional knowledge of recreational athletes. Methods: A validated, translated, and adapted 35-item questionnaire was used to assess total (TNK), general-GNK (11 questions), and sports-SNK (24 questions) nutritional knowledge. The Abridged Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (ANSKQ) was provided online using Google Forms. Four hundred and nine recreational athletes (male: 173, female: 236, age = 32.4 ± 9.6 years) completed the questionnaire. Results: The mean TNK (50.7%) and GNK (62.7%) scores were classified as "average" and higher than SNK (45.2%), which was classified as "poor." Male participants had SNK and TNK scores higher than females, but not for GNK. The youngest participants (18-24 years) had TNK, SNK, and GNK scores higher than other age groups (p < 0.05). Participants who reported previous nutritional appointments with a nutritionist had higher TNK, SNK, and GNK scores than those without it (p < 0.05). Those with "advanced" formal nutrition education (university students, graduate, or postgraduate in Nutrition) scored higher than those of groups "none" and "intermediate," for TNK (advanced = 69.9%, intermediate = 52.9%, and none = 45.0%, p < 0.0001), GNK (advanced = 74.7%, intermediate = 63.8%, and none = 59.2%, p < 0.0001), and SNK, (advanced = 67.5%, intermediate = 48.0%, and none = 38.5%, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Results suggest a lack of nutritional knowledge in recreational athletes, mainly those without an appointment with a registered nutritionist and formal nutritional education.

Hybrid model for early identification post-Covid-19 sequelae.

Artificial Intelligence techniques based on Machine Learning algorithms, Neural Networks and Naïve Bayes can optimise the diagnostic process of the SARS-CoV-2 or Covid-19. The most significant help of these techniques is analysing data recorded by health professionals when treating patients with this disease. Health professionals' more specific focus is due to the reduction in the number of observable signs and symptoms, ranging from an acute respiratory condition to severe pneumonia, showing an efficient form of attribute engineering. It is important to note that the clinical diagnosis can vary from asymptomatic to extremely harsh conditions. About 80% of patients with Covid-19 may be asymptomatic or have few symptoms. Approximately 20% of the detected cases require hospital care because they have difficulty breathing, of which about 5% may require ventilatory support in the Intensive Care Unit. Also, the present study proposes a hybrid approach model, structured in the composition of Artificial Intelligence techniques, using Machine Learning algorithms, associated with multicriteria methods of decision support based on the Verbal Decision Analysis methodology, aiming at the discovery of knowledge, as well as exploring the predictive power of specific data in this study, to optimise the diagnostic models of Covid-19. Thus, the model will provide greater accuracy to the diagnosis sought through clinical observation.

Melhores práticas no cuidado às pessoas que vivem com HIV em diferentes modelos de cuidado* / Mejores prácticas en la atención a personas viven con VIH en diferentes modelos de asistencia / Best practices in the care provided to people living with HIV in different care models

Objetivo: compreender os significados atribuídos às melhores práticas do cuidado às pessoas que vivem com HIV em dois diferentes modelos de cuidado em municípios prioritários do sul do Brasil. Método: Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados Construtivista, com 52 entrevistas em profundidade aplicadas em 2020 e 2021, para profissionais da atenção primária, especializada, gestores e pessoas que vivem com HIV. Resultados: o fenômeno "Significando as melhores práticas como gradativas e consistentes em diferentes municípios prioritários", permite compreender que no cuidado centralizado são desenvolvidas ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde, aconselhamento, diagnóstico precoce e encaminhamento, e no modelo descentralizado destaca-se a ampliação da clínica do enfermeiro e do médico de família no manejo da infecção, vinculação, longitudinalidade e integralidade. Conclusão: as melhores práticas em modelos distintos de cuidado requerem uma sucessão de diferentes momentos, que respeitem as falas dos profissionais e das pessoas que vivem com HIV.

Objective: to understand the meanings attributed to best practices in the care of people living with HIV in two different care models in priority municipalities from southern Brazil. Method: Constructivist Grounded Theory, with 52 in-depth interviews conducted in 2020 and 2021, involving professionals from primary and specialized care, managers and people living with HIV. Results: the phenomenon of "Signifying best practices as gradual and consistent across different priority municipalities" allows for an understanding that actions related to health prevention and promotion, counseling, early diagnosis and referral are developed in the centralized care model. In the decentralized model, the emphasis is on expanding the role of nurses and family physicians in infection management, establishing connections, ensuring care continuity, and providing comprehensive care. Conclusion: best practices in different care models require a succession of different moments that respect the perspectives and input of both health professionals and individuals living with HIV.

Objetivo: comprender los significados atribuidos a las mejores prácticas de atención a personas que viven con VIH en dos modelos de asistencia diferentes en municipios prioritarios del sur de Brasil. Método: Teoría Constructivista Fundamentada en los Datos, con 52 entrevistas en profundidad realizadas en 2020 y 2021, para profesionales de Atención Primaria y Especializada, administradores y personas que viven con VIH. Resultados: el fenómeno de "Representar las mejores prácticas como graduales y consistentes en diferentes municipios prioritarios" permite comprender que se desarrollan acciones relacionadas con prevención y promoción de la salud, asesoramiento, diagnóstico temprano y derivaciones en el modelo de atención descentralizado. En el modelo descentralizado, el énfasis radica en expandir el rol de los enfermeros y médicos de familia en el manejo de infecciones, establecer conexiones, garantizar continuidad de la atención y brindar asistencia integral. Conclusión: las mejores prácticas en distintos modelos de atención requieren cierta sucesión de diferentes momentos que deben respetar los discursos de los profesionales y las personas que viven con VIH.

Mental health training programs for non-health professionals and volunteers working with asylum-seekers and refugees: scoping review / Programas de treinamento em saúde mental para profissionais, que não de saúde, e voluntários que trabalham com solicitantes de asilo e refugiados: revisão de escopo / Programas de formación en salud mental para profesionales no sanitarios y voluntarios que trabajan con solicitantes de asilo y refugiados: revisión de alcance

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and describe the mental health training programs for non-health professionals and volunteers who work, have worked, or would work with asylum seekers and/or refugees. Method: Scoping review following JBI methodology. Search carried out in MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, RCAAP, ProQuest, and websites of Clinical Trials, UNHCR, International Organization for Migration, WHO, Save the Children, International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion in Europe, and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Studies written in English, Portuguese, French, Spanish and Swedish. Results: Of the 8954 articles identified, 16 were included reporting on 11 training programs: Mind-Spring, PM+, MHFA, Cognitive-Behavioral Training for Community and Religious Leaders, EmpaTeach, Suicide Prevention Education Program, Teaching Recovery Techniques, Handbook for Teachers of Vietnamese Refugee Students, PFA, Psychosocial support of volunteers and CBP&MHPSS. Conclusion: Training programs from scientific literature focus on mental health disorders, while non-governmental organizations' documents focus on resilience and self-care. The current mental health training programs might be insufficient.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar y describir los programas de formación en salud mental para profesionales no sanitarios y voluntarios que trabajan, han trabajado o gustarían de trabajar con solicitantes de asilo y/o refugiados. Método: Revisión de alcance según la metodología JBI. Búsqueda realizada en MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, RCAAP, ProQuest, y sitios web de ClinicalTrials, ACNUR, Organización Internacional para las Migraciones, OMS, Save the Children, Migración Internacional, Integración y Cohesión Social en Europa, y Federación Internacional de Sociedades de la Cruz Roja y de la Media Luna Roja. Estudios escritos en inglés, portugués, francés, español y sueco. Resultados: De los 8954 artículos identificados, se incluyeron 16 que informan sobre 11 programas de capacitación: Mind-Spring, PM+, MHFA, Capacitación cognitiva conductual para líderes comunitarios y religiosos, EmpaTeach, Programa de educación para la prevención del suicidio, Enseñanza de técnicas de recuperación, Manual para maestros de Estudiantes refugiados vietnamitas, PFA, apoyo psicosocial de voluntarios y CBP&MHPSS. Conclusión: Los programas de formación en la literatura científica se centran en los trastornos de salud mental, mientras que los documentos de las organizaciones no gubernamentales se centran en la resiliencia y el autocuidado. Los actuales programas de formación en salud mental pueden ser insuficientes.

Educational technologies for HIV prevention in black people: scope review / Tecnologías educativas para la prevención del VIH en negros: revisión del alcance / Tecnologias educativas para prevenção do HIV em negros: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objective: To map the educational technologies implemented for HIV prevention in black people. Method: Scope review, performed according to the recommendations of The Joanna Briggs Institute, in Medline/PubMed, Embase, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane and PsycINFO databases, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta- Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Results: There were 14 studies published between 1999 and 2020. The main health impacts for black people involved a reduction in rates of unprotected sex, greater use of condoms, a decrease in risky behaviors, a minimization of the number of partners, a greater request for HIV testing and an increase in the use of Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Conclusion: The educational technologies mapped were: workshops, courses, messages, dramatization, videos, application, pamphlet, media and radio campaigns, Facebook groups, website, computer programs and multimedia software.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Mapear las tecnologías educativas implementadas para la prevención del VIH en negros. Método: Revisión de alcance, realizada de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de The Joanna Briggs Institute, en las bases de datos Medline/PubMed, Embase, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane y PsycINFO, utilizando Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews y Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Resultados: Se publicaron 14 estudios entre 1999 y 2020. Los principales impactos en la salud de los negros involucraron una reducción en las tasas de sexo sin protección, mayor uso de condones, una disminución en los comportamientos de riesgo, una minimización del número de parejas, una mayor solicitud de pruebas de VIH y un aumento en el uso de Pre-exposición profilaxis (PrEP). Conclusión: Las tecnologías educativas mapeadas fueron: talleres, cursos, mensajes, dramatización, videos, aplicación, folleto, campañas en medios y radio, grupos de Facebook, sitio web, programas informáticos y software multimedia.

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear as tecnologias educativas implementadas para prevenção do HIV em negros. Método: Revisão de escopo, realizada conforme as recomendações do The Joanna Briggs Institute, nas bases de dados Medline/PubMed, Embase, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane e PsycINFO, utilizando-se do instrumento Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Resultados: Encontraram-se 14 estudos publicados entre 1999 e 2020. Os principais impactos para saúde dos negros envolveram a redução das taxas de relações sexuais desprotegidas, o maior uso de preservativos, a diminuição de comportamentos de risco, a minimização do número de parceiros, a maior solicitação de testagens para HIV e o aumento do uso de Profilaxia Pré-exposição (PrEP). Conclusão: As tecnologias educativas mapeadas foram: workshops, cursos, mensagens, dramatização, vídeos, aplicativo, panfleto, campanhas de mídia e de rádio, grupos de Facebook, site, programas de computadores e softwares multimídia.

Educational technologies for HIV prevention in black people: scope review.

OBJECTIVE: To map the educational technologies implemented for HIV prevention in black people. METHOD: Scope review, performed according to the recommendations of The Joanna Briggs Institute, in Medline/PubMed, Embase, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane and PsycINFO databases, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta- Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). RESULTS: There were 14 studies published between 1999 and 2020. The main health impacts for black people involved a reduction in rates of unprotected sex, greater use of condoms, a decrease in risky behaviors, a minimization of the number of partners, a greater request for HIV testing and an increase in the use of Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). CONCLUSION: The educational technologies mapped were: workshops, courses, messages, dramatization, videos, application, pamphlet, media and radio campaigns, Facebook groups, website, computer programs and multimedia software.

Birth-related PTSD symptoms and related factors following preterm childbirth in Turkey.

Objective: To examine factors associated with birth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women who had preterm birth in their last pregnancy in Turkey.Methods: 304 women were asked to report sociodemographic factors, perinatal factors, birth-related factors, preterm birth/premature infant characteristics, and social support factors and PTSD symptoms. Data were collected using online surveys between November 2020 and February 2021. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used. Results: The prevalence of birth-related PTSD symptoms following preterm birth was 71.1%. Older age, the woman being positively affected by her own mother's birth experience, not having traumatic experience in pregnancy and in the postnatal period, lower stress level after traumatic events experienced during birth, not feeling that their life/physical integrity was at risk during birth, having amniotomy, feeling psychologically well after childbirth, not being negatively affected by witnessing other parents' happy moments with their babies in friend/family groups, the absence of infant illness and mother's reporting higher positive interactions with healthcare team were associated with decreased likelihood of birth-related PTSD. Except for age and traumatic event in the postnatal period, all the variables explained 43% of the variance with a small effect size (f 2 = 0.04). Stress level after the traumatic events experienced during labor was the strongest predictor of birth-related PTSD symptoms (ß = 0.33). Conclusion: Wellbeing of mother and baby, facilitating interventions at labor, and positive communication with the healthcare team was associated with lower birth-related PTSD symptoms. The study findings highlighted on birth-related PTSD symptoms in mothers of preterm infants in Turkey.

Cross-cultural conceptualization of a good end of life with dementia: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Research on the nature of a "good death" has mostly focused on dying with cancer and other life-limiting diseases, but less so on dementia. Conceptualizing common cross-cultural themes regarding a good end of life in dementia will enable developing international care models. METHODS: We combined published qualitative studies about end of life with dementia, focus group and individual interviews with the researchers, and video-conferencing and continuous email discussions. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed thematically, and the researchers developed common themes referring to their original studies. RESULTS: Fourteen qualitative researchers representing 14 cross-cultural studies covering qualitative data of 121 people with dementia and 292 family caregivers. The researchers and data were from eight countries UK, The Netherlands, Japan, Portugal, Germany, Canada, Brazil, and Ireland. Three focus groups, five individual interviews, and video-conferencing were conducted and feedback on multiple iterations was gained by 190 emails between May 2019 and April 2020 until consensus was achieved. Nine cross-culturally common themes emerged from the discussions and shared interpretation of the data of persons with dementia and family caregivers. Three represent basic needs: "Pain and Symptoms Controlled," "Being Provided Basic Care," and "A Place like Home." Other themes were "Having Preferences Met," "Receiving Respect as a Person," "Care for Caregivers," "Identity Being Preserved," "Being Connected," and "Satisfaction with Life and Spiritual Well-being." "Care for Caregivers" showed the greatest difference in emphasis across cultures. Good relationships were essential in all themes. CONCLUSIONS: The common cross-cultural themes comprise a framework underpinned by value placed on personhood and dignity, emphasizing that interdependency through relationships is essential to promote a good end of life with dementia. These themes and valuing the importance of relationships as central to connecting the themes could support care planning and further development of a dementia palliative care model. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Kyoto University (R1924-1).

Effectiveness of educational interventions in knowledge, attitude, and practice for preventing respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: to demonstrate the effectiveness of educational interventions in knowledge, attitude and practice for preventing respiratory infections in adults and older adults. METHODS: this is a systematic review carried out in 11 databases. Primary studies, without language and time restrictions, of the randomized, non-randomized and before-and-after clinical trial type, were selected. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent researchers, and the methodological quality was generated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. RESULTS: the intervention effectiveness was evidenced in seven studies. The results of the random effects meta-analysis show that there is a statistically significant difference between knowledge about preventing respiratory diseases, with an OR of 2.82 (95%CI 1.70 to 4.69) for the occurrence of events represented by improved knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: most studies show the effectiveness of educational interventions, which was determined through the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice survey.

Mental Health Training Programs for Non-Health Professionals and Volunteers Working with Asylum Seekers and Refugees: A Scoping Review Protocol.

The number of people forcibly displaced worldwide is increasing. It is an imperative challenge to provide mental health training for non-health professionals and volunteers who work with those vulnerable populations. The objective is to identify mental health training programs for non-health professionals and volunteers, without mental health training, to work with asylum seekers or refugees in any context. Literature about mental health training programs for adults, non-health professionals and volunteers without mental health training, working, or who have worked, or will work, with asylum seekers or refugees will be considered. Literature published in English, Swedish, Portuguese, Spanish, and French will be considered. Literature reporting training programs exclusively for professionals or volunteers in the health or mental health domains will be excluded. The following electronic databases will be searched: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, SCOPUS, ERIC, RCAAP, and OPEN GREY. Other sites to be searched: ClinicalTrials, UNHCR, IOM, WHO, Save the Children, IMISCOE, and IFRC. The screening process will entail two steps carried out by two independent reviewers: firstly, screening by title and abstract, and secondarily, by full text. Data will describe the literature according to the review research questions that were defined following the PPC mnemonic, and presented graphically with a narrative.