Tuberous Sclerosis Complex with Renal Stones and Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis: Case Report and Literature Review.

Distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a common cause of renal stones and nephrocalcinosis in children. Distal RTA can be either acquired or congenital because of a genetic defect. Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant inherited neurocutaneous syndrome with variable renal involvement. We describe a case of a six-year-old boy with tuberous sclerosis complex who developed distal RTA and renal stones.

Calcineurin Inhibitor-Induced Type IV Renal Tubular Acidosis in Post-Bone Marrow Transplant: Review of Pathophysiology and Principles of Management.

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) are the mainstay of immunosuppressant medications in both bone marrow transplants and solid organ transplants. Nephrotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of this group. Type IV renal tubular acidosis is a potentially under-recognized complication. Here we report a case of Omenn syndrome in a patient who underwent a bone marrow transplant and developed type IV renal tubular acidosis while on treatment with cyclosporine.

Hypomagnesemia-Induced Seizures Post Severe Acute Kidney Injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in children admitted to pediatric intensive care units. It is known to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Here, we report prolonged, transient, increased renal magnesium (Mg) wasting after severe acute kidney injury presenting with a generalized tonic-clonic seizure.