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An efficient strategy for the oxidative cleavage of CîC bonds in olefins to form esters with one or multiple carbon atoms less over heterogeneous cobalt/nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst with dioxygen as the oxidant was described. The protocol features a wide substrate range including the challenging inactive aliphatic and long-chain alkyl aryl olefins. The reactivity of the catalyst did not decrease after reused for seven times. Characterization and control experiments reveal that synergistic effects between the metallic Co nanoparticles and Co-Nx sites provide access to the excellent catalytic activity.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanisms of miR-155 in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). METHODS: The expression level of miR-155 in the skin tissues of patients with CSU and experimental rats were detected by RT-qPCR, followed by the measurement of the histamine release rate in the serum through the histamine release test. Besides, hematoxylin & eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the skin tissues; Corresponding detection kits and flow cytometry to measure the changes of immunoglobulins, inflammatory cytokines and T cell subsets in the serum of rats in each group; and western blot to check the expression level of proteins related to JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the skin tissues. RESULTS: Knockdown of miR-155 reduced the number and duration of pruritus, alleviated the skin damage, and decreased the number of eosinophils in CSU rats. Moreover, knockdown of miR-155 elevated the serum levels of IgG and IgM, decreased the levels of IgA and inflammatory cytokines, and reduced the proportion of CD4 + and CD4 + CD25 + T cells, as well as the CD4+/CD8 + ratio in CSU rats. However, Tyr705 intervention could reverse the effects of knockdown of miR-155 on CSU model rats. Furthermore, we found that knockdown of miR-155 significantly reduced the protein expression of IRF-9, as well as the P-JAK2/JAK2 and P-STAT3/STAT3 ratios in the skin tissues of CSU rats. CONCLUSION: Knockdown of miR-155 can alleviate skin damage and inflammatory responses and relieve autoimmunity in CSU rats by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Investigations have shown that storage bugs seriously harm grains during storage. In the interim, essential oils (EOs) have been proven to be a good botanical pesticide. The anti-Lasioderma serricorne properties of Elsholtzia ciliata essential oil, which was obtained by steam distillation, were evaluated using DL-limonene, carvone, and their two optical isomer components using contact, repelling, and fumigation techniques. Simultaneously, the fumigation, contact, and repellent activities of carvone and its two optical isomers mixed with DL-limonene against L. serruricorne were evaluated. The results showed that E. ciliata, its main components (R-carvone, DL-limonene), and S-carvone exhibited both fumigations (LC50 = 14.47, 4.42, 20.9 and 3.78 mg/L) and contact (LD50 = 7.31, 4.03, 28.62 and 5.63 µg/adult) activity against L.serricorne. A binary mixture (1:1) of R-carvone and DL-limonene displayed an obvious synergistic effect. A binary mixture (1:1) of carvone and its two optical isomers exhibited an obvious synergistic effect, too. Furthermore, the repellent activity of the EO, carvone, and its two optical isomers, DL-limonene, and a combination of them varied. To stop insect damage during storage, E. ciliata and its components can be utilized as bio-insecticides.
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Inseticidas , Lamiaceae , Óleos Voláteis , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Lamiaceae/química , Animais , Inseticidas/química , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Limoneno/química , Limoneno/farmacologia , Repelentes de Insetos/química , Repelentes de Insetos/farmacologia , Monoterpenos Cicloexânicos/química , Monoterpenos Cicloexânicos/farmacologia , Sinergismo Farmacológico , FumigaçãoRESUMO
The gut fungal community represents an essential element of human health, yet its functional and metabolic potential remains insufficiently elucidated, largely due to the limited availability of reference genomes. To address this gap, we presented the cultivated gut fungi (CGF) catalog, encompassing 760 fungal genomes derived from the feces of healthy individuals. This catalog comprises 206 species spanning 48 families, including 69 species previously unidentified. We explored the functional and metabolic attributes of the CGF species and utilized this catalog to construct a phylogenetic representation of the gut mycobiome by analyzing over 11,000 fecal metagenomes from Chinese and non-Chinese populations. Moreover, we identified significant common disease-related variations in gut mycobiome composition and corroborated the associations between fungal signatures and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through animal experimentation. These resources and findings substantially enrich our understanding of the biological diversity and disease relevance of the human gut mycobiome.
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Fungos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Micobioma , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Fezes/microbiologia , Fungos/genética , Fungos/classificação , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Genoma Fúngico/genética , Genômica , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/microbiologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/genética , Metagenoma , Filogenia , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) is a well-established component of the renin-angiotensin system and is known to counteract classical activation of this system and protect against organ damage. Pharmacological activation of the AT2R has significant therapeutic benefits, including vasodilation, natriuresis, anti-inflammatory activity, and improved insulin sensitivity. However, the precise biological functions of the AT2R in maintaining homeostasis in liver tissue remain largely unexplored. In this study, we found that the AT2R facilitates liver repair and regeneration following acute injury by deactivating Hippo signaling and that interleukin-6 transcriptionally upregulates expression of the AT2R in hepatocytes through STAT3 acting as a transcription activator binding to promoter regions of the AT2R. Subsequently, elevated AT2R levels activate downstream signaling via heterotrimeric G protein Gα12/13-coupled signals to induce Yap activity, thereby contributing to repair and regeneration processes in the liver. Conversely, a deficiency in the AT2R attenuates regeneration of the liver while increasing susceptibility to acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Administration of an AT2R agonist significantly enhances the repair and regeneration capacity of injured liver tissue. Our findings suggest that the AT2R acts as an upstream regulator in the Hippo pathway and is a potential target in the treatment of liver damage.
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Via de Sinalização Hippo , Interleucina-6 , Regeneração Hepática , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases , Receptor Tipo 2 de Angiotensina , Transdução de Sinais , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Acetaminofen , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/metabolismo , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Hepatócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Regeneração Hepática/efeitos dos fármacos , Regeneração Hepática/fisiologia , Camundongos Knockout , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Receptor Tipo 2 de Angiotensina/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Proteínas de Sinalização YAP/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although prior observational studies indicate an association between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and frozen shoulder (FS), the potential causal relationship between them remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the genetic causal relationship between CVDs and FS using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS: Genetic variations closely associated with FS were obtained from the FinnGen Consortium. Summary data for CVD, including atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and ischemic stroke (IS), were sourced from several large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). MR analysis was performed using inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, and weighted median methods. IVW, as the primary MR analysis method, complemented by other sensitivity analyses, was utilized to validate the robustness of the results. Further reverse MR analysis was conducted to explore the presence of reverse causal relationships. RESULTS: In the forward MR analysis, genetically determined risk of stroke and IS was positively associated with FS (OR [95% CI] = 1.58 (1.23-2.03), P < 0.01; OR [95% CI] = 1.46 (1.16-1.85), P < 0.01, respectively). There was no strong evidence of an effect of genetically predicted other CVDs on FS risk. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. In the reverse MR analysis, no causal relationships were observed between FS and various CVDs. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that stroke increases the risk of developing FS. However, further basic and clinical research is needed to substantiate our findings.
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Bursite , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/genéticaRESUMO
Two highly sensitive fluorescent triarylimidazole derivatives were synthesized by modifying imidazole with coumarin and large conjugate rigid plane structure. XM-F and XM-L emitted bright yellow-green fluorescent light. Their intense conjugation system generated strong π-π electrostatic interactions with TNP, accompanied by the formation of hydrogen bonds to achieve rapid detection of TNP within 25 s. The detection limits were as low as 0.049 µM and 0.071 µM, respectively. Probes had been successfully applied to rapid detection of TNP in real water samples and manufactured into portable fluorescent test strips. In view of excellent performance of XM-F, it was used to achieve real-time, portable, on-site quantitative detection of TNP by a colorimeter and a smartphone platform. In addition, XM-F also successfully processed into probe-coated TLC plates for efficient detection of fingerprints contaminated with TNP.
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The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been recognized as a crucial contributor to the development of liver fibrosis, and AT2R, an essential component of RAS, is involved in the progression of liver fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms by which AT2R modulates liver fibrosis remain elusive. Here, we report that AT2R was induced to be highly expressed during the progression of liver fibrosis, and the elevated AT2R attenuates liver fibrosis by suppressing IRE1α-XBP1 pathway. In this study, we found that AT2R is not expressed in the no cirrhotic adult liver, but is induced expression during liver fibrosis in both cirrhotic patients and fibrotic mice models. Upregulated AT2R inhibits the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In addition, our study showed that during liver fibrosis, AT2R deletion increased the dimerization activation of IRE1α and promoted XBP1 splicing, and the spliced XBP1s could promote their transcription by binding to the AT2R promoter and repress the IRE1α-XBP1 axis, forming an AT2R-IRE1α-XBP1 negative feedback loop. Importantly, the combination treatment of an AT2R agonist and an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) alleviator significantly attenuated liver fibrosis in a mouse model of liver fibrosis. Therefore, we conclude that the AT2R-IRE1α signaling pathway can regulate the progression of liver fibrosis, and AT2R is a new potential therapeutic target for treating liver fibrosis.
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Endorribonucleases , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases , Humanos , Adulto , Camundongos , Animais , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Endorribonucleases/metabolismo , Angiotensina II , Transdução de Sinais , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático , Cirrose Hepática , Proteína 1 de Ligação a X-Box/genética , Proteína 1 de Ligação a X-Box/metabolismoRESUMO
The biochemical SRX (super-relaxed) state of myosin has been defined as a low ATPase activity state. This state can conserve energy when the myosin is not recruited for muscle contraction. The SRX state has been correlated with a structurally defined ordered (versus disordered) state of muscle thick filaments. The two states may be linked via a common interacting head motif (IHM) where the two heads of heavy meromyosin (HMM), or myosin, fold back onto each other and form additional contacts with S2 and the thick filament. Experimental observations of the SRX, IHM, and the ordered form of thick filaments, however, do not always agree, and result in a series of unresolved paradoxes. To address these paradoxes, we have reexamined the biochemical measurements of the SRX state for porcine cardiac HMM. In our hands, the commonly employed mantATP displacement assay was unable to quantify the population of the SRX state with all data fitting very well by a single exponential. We further show that mavacamten inhibits the basal ATPases of both porcine ventricle HMM and S1 (Ki, 0.32 and 1.76 µM respectively) while dATP activates HMM cooperatively without any evidence of an SRX state. A combination of our experimental observations and theories suggests that the displacement of mantATP in purified proteins is not a reliable assay to quantify the SRX population. This means that while the structurally defined IHM and ordered thick filaments clearly exist, great care must be employed when using the mantATP displacement assay.
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Trifosfato de Adenosina , Ensaios Enzimáticos , Miosina não Muscular Tipo IIA , Suínos , ortoaminobenzoatos , Animais , Adenosina Trifosfatases/antagonistas & inibidores , Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Trifosfato de Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Motivos de Aminoácidos , Benzilaminas/farmacologia , Ensaios Enzimáticos/métodos , Ensaios Enzimáticos/normas , Ventrículos do Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Ventrículos do Coração/enzimologia , Ventrículos do Coração/metabolismo , Contração Miocárdica , Subfragmentos de Miosina/química , Subfragmentos de Miosina/metabolismo , Miosina não Muscular Tipo IIA/química , Miosina não Muscular Tipo IIA/metabolismo , ortoaminobenzoatos/metabolismo , Uracila/análogos & derivados , Uracila/farmacologiaRESUMO
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/jca.27748.].
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In this paper, we demonstrated the design and experimental results of the near-infrared lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor platform that monolithically integrates the MRR and the on-chip spectrometer on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer, which can eliminate the external optical spectrum analyzer for scanning the wavelength spectrum. The symmetric add-drop MRR biosensor is designed to have a free spectral range (FSR) of â¼19â nm and a bulk sensitivity of â¼73â nm/RIU; then the drop-port output resonance peaks are reconstructed from the integrated spatial-heterodyne Fourier transform spectrometer (SHFTS) with the spectral resolution of â¼3.1â nm and the bandwidth of â¼50â nm, which results in the limit of detection of 0.042â RIU.
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Dissolving microneedles have become a focal point in transdermal drug delivery. They have the advantages of painless, rapid drug delivery and high drug utilization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Tofacitinib citrate microneedles in arthritis treatment, assess the dose-effect relationship, and determine the cumulative penetration during percutaneous injection. In this study, block copolymer was utilized to prepare the dissolving microneedles. The microneedles were characterized through skin permeation tests, dissolution tests, treatment effect evaluations, and Western blot experiments. In vivo dissolution experiments revealed that the soluble microneedles completely dissolved within 2.5 min, while in vitro skin permeation experiments demonstrated the highest unit area of skin permeation of the microneedles reached 2118.13 mg/cm2. The inhibition of Tofacitinib microneedle on joint swelling in rats with Rheumatoid arthritis was better than Ketoprofen and close to that of oral Tofacitinib. Western-blot experiment comfirmed the Tofacitinib microneedle's inhibitory effect on the JAK-STAT3 pathway in rats with Rheumatoid arthritis. In conclusion, Tofacitinib microneedles effectively inhibited arthritis in rats, demonstrating potential for Rheumatoid arthritis treatment.
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Artrite Reumatoide , Pele , Ratos , Animais , Microinjeções , Pele/metabolismo , Administração Cutânea , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Reumatoide/metabolismo , AgulhasRESUMO
Cytochrome P450 1A is one of the vital subfamilies of heme-containing cytochrome P450 enzymes belonging to an important exogenous metabolizing CYP in human. The abnormal of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) may directly affect the functional activity of ER-located CYP1A and be associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases. In the present study, we constructed a selective two-photon fluorescent probe ERNM for rapid and visual detection of endogenous CYP1A that was localized in the ER. ERNM could target the ER and detect the enzymatically active CYP1A in living cells and tissues. The monitoring ability of ERNM for the fluctuations in functionality level of CYP1A was confirmed using ER stressed A549 cell. Based on the ER-targeting two-photon probe for CYP1A, the close association of ER state and the functional activity of ER-locating CYP1A was confirmed, which would promote the deep understanding of the biofunction of CYP1A in various ER-related diseases.
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Diagnóstico por Imagem , Corantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Células HeLa , Retículo Endoplasmático , Estresse do Retículo EndoplasmáticoRESUMO
Hallmark features of systolic heart failure are reduced contractility and impaired metabolic flexibility of the myocardium. Cardiomyocytes (CMs) with elevated deoxy ATP (dATP) via overexpression of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme robustly improve contractility. However, the effect of dATP elevation on cardiac metabolism is unknown. Here, we developed proteolysis-resistant versions of RNR and demonstrate that elevation of dATP/ATP to â¼1% in CMs in a transgenic mouse (TgRRB) resulted in robust improvement of cardiac function. Pharmacological approaches showed that CMs with elevated dATP have greater basal respiratory rates by shifting myosin states to more active forms, independent of its isoform, in relaxed CMs. Targeted metabolomic profiling revealed a significant reprogramming towards oxidative phosphorylation in TgRRB-CMs. Higher cristae density and activity in the mitochondria of TgRRB-CMs improved respiratory capacity. Our results revealed a critical property of dATP to modulate myosin states to enhance contractility and induce metabolic flexibility to support improved function in CMs.
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Miocárdio , Ribonucleotídeo Redutases , Camundongos , Animais , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Contração Miocárdica , Ribonucleotídeo Redutases/metabolismo , Ribonucleotídeo Redutases/farmacologia , Camundongos Transgênicos , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Miosinas/metabolismoRESUMO
Lodging reduces grain yield in cereal crops. The height, diameter and strength of stem are crucial for lodging resistance, grain yield, and photosynthate transport in barley. Understanding the genetic basis of stem benefits barley breeding. Here, we evaluated 13 stem related traits after 28 days of heading in a barley DH population in two consecutive years. Significant phenotypic correlations between lodging index (LI) and other stem traits were observed. Three mapping methods using the experimental data and the BLUP data, detected 27 stable and major QTLs, and 22 QTL clustered regions. Many QTLs were consistent with previously reported traits for grain filling rate, internodes, panicle and lodging resistance. Further, candidate genes were predicted for stable and major QTLs and were associated with plant development and adverse stress in the transition from vegetative stage to reproductive stage. This study provided potential genetic basis and new information for exploring barley stem morphology, and laid a foundation for map-based cloning and further fine mapping of these QTLs.
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Background: Macrophage infiltration is crucial for colorectal cancer (CRC) immunotherapy. Detailed classification of macrophage subsets will facilitate the selection of patients suitable for immunotherapy. However, the classification of macrophages in CRC is not currently detailed. Methods: In this study, we combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk-seq to analyze patients with colorectal cancer. scRNA-seq data were used to study cell-cell communication and to differentiate immune-infiltrating cells and macrophage subsets. Bulk-seq data were used to further analyze immune infiltration, clinical features, tumor mutational burden, and expression of immune checkpoint molecules in patients with CRC having different macrophage subsets. Results: Seven macrophage subpopulations were identified, among which indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) macrophages had the most significant difference in the degree of infiltration among normal, microsatellite-unstable, and microsatellite-stable populations. We then performed gene set variation analysis using 12 marker genes of IDO1 macrophages and divided the patients into two clusters: high-IDO1 macrophages (H-IDO1M) and low-IDO1 macrophages (L-IDO1M). H-IDO1M showed higher infiltration of immune cells, higher expression of immune checkpoints, and less advanced pathological stages than L-IDO1M (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study elucidated that IDO1-macrophage-based molecular subtypes can predict the response to immunotherapy in patients with CRC. The results provide new insights into tumor immunity and help in clinical decisions regarding designing effective immunotherapy for these patients.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Indolamina-Pirrol 2,3,-Dioxigenase/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Humanos , Proteínas de Checkpoint Imunológico , Imunoterapia , Indolamina-Pirrol 2,3,-Dioxigenase/genética , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Análise de Célula Única , Triptofano OxigenaseRESUMO
Wheat landraces have abundant genetic variation at the Glu-1 loci, which is desirable germplasms for genetic enhancement of modern wheat varieties, especially for quality improvement. In the current study, we analyzed the allelic variations of the Glu-1 loci of 597 landraces and 926 commercial wheat varieties from the four major wheat-growing regions in China using SDS-PAGE. As results, alleles Null, 7+8, and 2+12 were the dominant HMW-GSs in wheat landraces. Compared to landraces, the commercial varieties contain higher frequencies of high-quality alleles, including 1, 7+9, 14+15 and 5+10. The genetic diversity of the four commercial wheat populations (alleles per locus (A) = 7.33, percent polymorphic loci (P) = 1.00, effective number of alleles per locus (Ae) = 2.347 and expected heterozygosity (He) = 0.563) was significantly higher than that of the landraces population, with the highest genetic diversity found in the Southwestern Winter Wheat Region population. The genetic diversity of HMW-GS is mainly present within the landraces and commercial wheat populations instead of between populations. The landraces were rich in rare subunits or alleles may provide germplasm resources for improving the quality of modern wheat.
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In order to find and develop new botanical pesticides against storage pests, components of the essential oil (EO) from Zanthoxylum bungeanum were identified by GC-MS and their insecticidal activity against the stored product pests were studied. The EO was obtained by steam distillation. Results showed that EO was rich in limonene (23.67), linalool (21.76) and linalyl anthranilate (10.87). In contact assays, linalool exhibited strongest toxicity to red flour beetle adult (LD50 = 17.06 µg/adult) and larvae (LD50 = 16.42 µg/larvae), and linalool was the most active one against the Lasioderma serricorne (LD50 = 15.36 µg/larvae). Then limonene and linalool showed different levels of fumigant activities against the two insect species. Synergism effect existed in the proportion of contact assays against Tribolium castaneum adults, and additive was observed in the proportion of 7:1 against T. castaneum larvae. This work provides important information for the development and utilization of Z. bungeanum and suggests that the EO of Z. bungeanum has the potential to serve as bio-insecticides for controlling pest damage in stored products.
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Besouros , Repelentes de Insetos , Inseticidas , Óleos Voláteis , Zanthoxylum , Monoterpenos Acíclicos , Animais , Insetos , Inseticidas/análise , Inseticidas/toxicidade , Limoneno , Óleos Voláteis/toxicidade , Vapor , ortoaminobenzoatosRESUMO
The increasingly common usage of single-cell sequencing in cancer research enables analysis of tumor development mechanisms from a wider range of perspectives. Metabolic disorders are closely associated with liver cancer development. In recent years, liver cancer has been evaluated from different perspectives and classified into different subtypes to improve targeted treatment strategies. Here, we performed an analysis of liver cancer from the perspective of energy metabolism based on single-cell sequencing data. Single-cell and bulk sequencing data of liver cancer patients were obtained from GEO and TCGA/ICGC databases, respectively. Using the Seurat R package and protocols such as consensus clustering analysis, genes associated with energy metabolism in liver cancer were identified and validated. An energy metabolism-related score (EM score) was established based on five identified genes. Finally, the sensitivity of patients in different scoring groups to different chemotherapeutic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors was analyzed. Tumor cells from liver cancer patients were found to divide into nine clusters, with cluster 4 having the highest energy metabolism score. Based on the marker genes of this cluster and TCGA database data, the five most stable key genes (ADH4, AKR1B10, CEBPZOS, ENO1, and FOXN2) were identified as energy metabolism-related genes in liver cancer. In addition, drug sensitivity analysis showed that patients in the low EM score group were more sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapeutic agents AICAR, metformin, and methotrexate.
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Four fluorimetric probes had been developed to rapidly detect 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). They were designed and synthesized on the basis of 1,3,4-thiadiazole framework combining calculation with experiment. Among them, SK-1 displayed strong blue emission with fluorescence quantum yield as high as 63.6% in solution. Further evaluation demonstrated that SK-1 displays good selectivity and high sensitivity for rapid and visual detection of TNP. It brought significant changes in both colour and fluorescence emission spectrum. The detection limit was as low as 38 nM. Quenching mechanism was confirmed as photo-induced electron transfer (PET) by nuclear magnetic titration and DFT calculations. What's more, application in real water samples and solid phase paper tests illustrated the practical significance of detection of TNP in both vapor and solution.