Sex differences in correlates of suicide attempts in Chinese Han first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder with comorbid subclinical hypothyroidism: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate sex differences in risk factors for suicide attempts in first-episode and drug naive (FEDN) major depressive disorder (MDD) with comorbid subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). METHODS: A total of 1034 FEDN MDD patients with comorbid SCH were enrolled. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive subscale were used to assess patients' symptoms. Thyroid hormone levels and metabolic parameters were measured. RESULTS: MDD patients with SCH had a significantly higher risk of suicide attempts than those without SCH (25.4% vs. 12.2%). Logistic regression showed that HAMA score, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels were significantly associated with an increased risk for suicide attempts in both male and female MDD patients comorbid SCH, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly associated with an increased risk for suicide attempts only in male patients, HAMD score and systolic blood pressure were significantly associated with an increased risk for suicide attempts only in female patients. CONCLUSION: SCH comorbidities may increase suicide attempts in MDD patients. Our results showed significant sex differences in clinical and metabolic factors associated with suicide attempts among FEDN MDD patients with comorbid SCH, highlighting appropriate sex-based preventive interventions are needed.

The relationship between serum prolactin levels and cognitive function in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients: a cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to investigate the association between serum prolactin levels and psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients. The study recruited 91 drug-naïve schizophrenia patients and 67 healthy controls. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and cognitive function was assessed using the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Serum prolactin levels were measured, and statistical analyses were performed to examine the relationship between prolactin levels, clinical symptoms, and cognitive function. The study found that drug-naïve schizophrenia patients had severe cognitive deficits compared to healthy controls across all seven domains of the MCCB. However, no correlation was found between these patients' serum prolactin levels and clinical severity or cognitive function. The drug-naïve schizophrenia patients had significant cognitive deficits compared to healthy controls. However, there was no significant relationship between prolactin levels and symptomatology and cognition in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients.

Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 Level is Associated with Cognitive Function in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher incidence of cognitive decline and an increased risk of developing all types of dementia. The aim was to elucidate the association between serum human epididymal protein 4 and cognitive function in patients with DM. METHODS: Serum levels of HE4 were measured in 205 patients with DM. All DM patients were followed up for a median period of 48 months (range=5-49) prospectively. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum HE4 for predicting cognitive decline (end point). RESULTS: Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that serum HE4 was independently associated with MOCA score after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, current smoker, current drinker, admission systolic and diastolic BP, CVD history and laboratory measurements in patients with DM at baseline (Sß= -0.120; 95% CI, -0.151- -0.069; P<0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that serum HE4 (HR=2.408, 95% CI 1.669-5.238, P<0.001) was an independent prognostic factor for cognitive decline in these DM patients. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that serum HE4 was significantly and independently associated with cognitive decline and had independent predictive value for cognitive decline in patients with DM. Serum HE4 might enable early recognition of senile dementia among DM patients.