Effect of rapid rehabilitation nursing on improving clinical outcomes in postoperative patients with colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Surgical resection is the cornerstone treatment for colorectal cancer. Rapid rehabilitation care predicated on evidence-based medical theory aims to improve postoperative nursing care, subsequently reducing the physical and mental traumatic stress response and helping patients who undergo surgery recover rapidly. AIM: To assess the effect of rapid rehabilitation care on clinical outcomes, including overall postoperative complications, anastomotic leaks, wound infections, and intestinal obstruction in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Elsevier Science Direct, and Springer Link databases from January 1, 2010, to January 1, 2024, to screen eligible studies on rapid rehabilitation care among patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery. Patients were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.4 software was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: Twelve studies were enrolled, which included 2420 patients. The results showed that rapid rehabilitation care decreased the incidence of overall postoperative complications (OR: 0.44, 95%CI: 0.26-0.74, P = 0.002), anastomotic leaks (OR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.41-1.12, P = 0.13), wound infections (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.29-0.72, P = 0.0007), and intestinal obstruction (OR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.34-0.86, P = 0.01) compared to conventional care. Further trials and studies are needed to confirm these results. CONCLUSION: Rapid rehabilitation care decreased the occurrence of postoperative complications, anastomotic leaks, wound infections, and intestinal obstruction compared to conventional care in patients who underwent colorectal surgery. Therefore, promoting the application of rapid rehabilitation care in clinical practice cannot be overemphasized.

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Vancomycin in Critically Ill Neonates: Assessing the Impact of Pathophysiological Changes.

Dosing vancomycin for critically ill neonates is challenging owing to substantial alterations in pharmacokinetics (PKs) caused by variability in physiology, disease, and clinical interventions. Therefore, an adequate PK model is needed to characterize these pathophysiological changes. The intent of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that reflects vancomycin PK and pathophysiological changes in neonates under intensive care. PK-sim software was used for PBPK modeling. An adult model (model 0) was established and verified using PK profiles from previous studies. A neonatal model (model 1) was then extrapolated from model 0 by scaling age-dependent parameters. Another neonatal model (model 2) was developed based not only on scaled age-dependent parameters but also on quantitative information on pathophysiological changes obtained via a comprehensive literature search. The predictive performances of models 1 and 2 were evaluated using a retrospectively collected dataset from neonates under intensive care (chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900027919), comprising 65 neonates and 92 vancomycin serum concentrations. Integrating literature-based parameter changes related to hypoalbuminemia, small-for-gestational-age, and co-medication, model 2 offered more optimized precision than model 1, as shown by a decrease in the overall mean absolute percentage error (50.6% for model 1; 37.8% for model 2). In conclusion, incorporating literature-based pathophysiological changes effectively improved PBPK modeling for critically ill neonates. Furthermore, this model allows for dosing optimization before serum concentration measurements can be obtained in clinical practice.

Polystyrene nano-plastics impede skeletal muscle development and induce lipid accumulation via the PPARγ/LXRß pathway in vivo and in vitro in mice.

Nano-plastics (NPs) have emerged as a significant environmental pollutant, widely existing in water environment, and pose a serious threat to health and safety with the intake of animals. Skeletal muscle, a vital organ for complex life activities and functional demands, has received limited attention regarding the effects of NPs. In this study, the effects of polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) on skeletal muscle development were studied by oral administration of different sizes (1 mg/kg) of PS-NPs in mice. The findings revealed that PS-NPs resulted in skeletal muscle damage and significantly hindered muscle differentiation, exhibiting an inverse correlation with PS-NPs particle size. Morphological analysis demonstrated PS-NPs caused partial disruption of muscle fibers, increased spacing between fibers, and lipid accumulation. RT-qPCR and western blots analyses indicated that PS-NPs exposure downregulated the expression of myogenic differentiation-related factors (Myod, Myog and Myh2), activated PPARγ/LXRß pathway, and upregulated the expressions of lipid differentiation-related factors (SREBP1C, SCD-1, FAS, ACC1, CD36/FAT, ADIPOQ, C/EBPα and UCP-1). In vitro experiments, C2C12 cells were used to confirm cellular penetration of PS-NPs (0, 100, 200, 400 µg/mL) through cell membranes along with activation of PPARγ expression. Furthermore, to verify LXRß as a key signaling molecule, silencing RNA transfection experiments were conducted, resulting in no increase in the expressions of PPARγ, LXRß, SREBP1C, FAS, CD36/FAT, ADIPOQ, C/EBPα and UCP-1 even after exposure to PS-NPs. However, the expressions of SCD-1and ACC1 remained unaffected. The present study evidenced that exposure to PS-NPs induced lipid accumulation via the PPARγ/LXRß pathway thereby influencing skeletal muscle development.

Efficacy and safety evaluation of cross-reactive Fibroblast activation protein scFv-based CAR-T cells.

Introduction: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) overexpression on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is associated with poor prognosis and worse clinical outcomes. Selective ablation of pro-tumorgenic FAP+ stromal cells with CAR-T cells may be a new therapeutic strategy. However, the clinical use of FAP-CAR T cells is suggested to proceed with caution for occasional poor efficacy and induction of on-target off-tumor toxicity (OTOT), including lethal osteotoxicity and cachexia. Hence, more investigations and preclinical trials are required to optimize the FAP-CAR T cells and to approve their safety and efficacy. Methods: In this study, we designed second-generation CAR T cells targeting FAP with 4-1BB as a co-stimulatory molecule, and tested their cytotoxicity against FAP-positive cells (hFAP-HT1080 cells and a variety of primary CAFs) in vitro and in Cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Results: Results showed that our FAP-CAR T cells were powerfully potent in killing human and murine FAP-positive tumor cells and CAFs in multiple types of tumors in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice and in patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model. And they were proved to be biologically safe and exhibit low-level OTOT. Discussion: Taken together, the human/murine cross-reactive FAP-CAR T cells were powerfully potent in killing human and murine FAP positive tumor cells and CAFs. They were biologically safe and exhibit low-level OTOT, warranting further clinical investigation into our FAP-CAR T cells.

A New Approach Refined Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Shaoguan Smelter Based on Microenvironment - Guangdong Province, China, 2021.

Introduction: This study introduces a novel method for developing an advanced exposure conceptual model tailored for health risk assessment, focusing on microenvironments. Methods: The research was conducted at a major smelter in China to assess the health risks associated with trace metals (TMs) pollutants in the facility and the surrounding soil. Results: Deterministic risk assessment indicated that cobalt, cadmium, antimony, manganese, arsenic, plumbum, and mercury (Co, Cd, Sb, Mn, As, Pb, and Hg) necessitated further evaluation through probabilistic risk assessment to assess potential health risks to residents. The 95% quantile concentrations of other TMs were found to be within acceptable health risk limits. For the probabilistic risk assessment, exposure parameters such as body weight, respiration rate, and exposure duration were collected using a questionnaire. This targeted assessment of the residential microenvironment revealed it as the site of the highest carcinogenic (CR) and non-carcinogenic risks (NCR), with values ranging from 2.84×10-5 to 6.7×10-5 and 1.59 to 5.57, respectively. Conclusion: The primary contaminants posing the greatest health risks in residential and industrial areas have been identified as As, Pb, and Mn. The probabilistic health risk model, which focuses on microenvironmental factors, yields more precise results and offers a valuable tool for managing soil health risks.

Lactating striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis) do not decrease the thermogenic capacity to cope with extreme cold temperature.

For small non-hibernating mammals, a high thermogenic capacity is important to increase activity levels in the cold. It has been previously reported that lactating females decrease their thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT), whereas their capacity to cope with extreme cold remains uncertain. In this study we examined food intake, body temperature and locomotor behavior, resting metabolic rate, non-shivering thermogenesis, and cytochrome c oxidase activity, and the rate of state 4 respiration of liver, skeletal muscle, and BAT in striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis) at peak lactation and non- breeding hamsters (controls). The lactating hamsters and non- breeding controls were acutely exposed to -15°C, and several markers indicative of thermogenic capacity were examined. In comparison to non-breeding females, lactating hamsters significantly increased food intake and body temperature, but decreased locomotor behavior, and the BAT mass, indicative of decreased BAT thermogenesis at peak lactation. Unexpectedly, lactating hamsters showed similar body temperature, resting metabolic rate, non-shivering thermogenesis with non-breeding females after acute exposure to -15°C. Furthermore, cytochrome c oxidase activity of liver, skeletal muscle and BAT, and serum thyroid hormone concentration, and BAT uncoupling protein 1 expression, in lactating hamsters were similar with that in non-breeding hamsters after acute extreme cold exposure. This suggests that lactating females have the same thermogenic capacity to survive cold temperatures compared to non-breeding animals. This is particularly important for females in the field to cope with cold environments during the period of reproduction. Our findings indicate that the females during lactation, one of the highest energy requirement periods, do not impair their thermogenic capacity in response to acute cold exposure.

Remazolam combined with transversus abdominis plane block in gastrointestinal tumor surgery: Have we achieved better anesthetic effects?

Laparoscopic surgery is the main treatment method for patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors. Although laparoscopic surgery is minimally invasive, its tool stimulation and pneumoperitoneum pressure often cause strong stress reactions in patients. On the other hand, gastrointestinal surgery can cause stronger pain in patients, compared to other surgeries. Transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) can effectively inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses caused by surgical stimulation, alleviate patient pain, and thus alleviate stress reactions. Remazolam is an acting, safe, and effective sedative, which has little effect on hemodynamics and is suitable for most patients. TAPB combined with remazolam can reduce the dosage of total anesthetic drugs, reduce adverse reactions, reduce stress reactions, and facilitate the rapid postoperative recovery of patients.

Hesperetin alleviates aflatoxin B1 induced liver toxicity in mice: Modulating lipid peroxidation and ferritin autophagy.

One of the ways Aflatoxin B1 damages the liver is through ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is characterized by the build-up of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to an excess of iron. Dietary supplements have emerged as a promising strategy for treating ferroptosis in the liver. The flavonoid component hesperetin, which is mostly present in citrus fruits, has a number of pharmacological actions, such as those against liver fibrosis, cancer, and hyperglycemia. However, hesperetin's effects and mechanisms against hepatic ferroptosis are still unknown. In this study, 24 male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned to CON, AFB1 (0.45 mg/kg/day), and AFB1+ hesperetin treatment groups (40 mg/kg/day). The results showed that hesperetin improved the structural damage of the mouse liver, down-regulated inflammatory factors (Cxcl1, Cxcl2, CD80, and F4/80), and alleviated liver fibrosis induced by aflatoxin B1. Hesperetin reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by iron accumulation by up-regulating the levels of antioxidant enzymes (GPX4, GSH-Px, CAT, and T-AOC). It is worth noting that hesperetin not only improved lipid peroxidation but also maintained the dynamic balance of iron ions by reducing ferritin autophagy. Mechanistically, hesperetin's ability to regulate ferritin autophagy mostly depends on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1 pathway. In AFB1-induced HepG2 cells, the addition of PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) and AKT inhibitor (Miransertib) confirmed that hesperetin regulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1 pathway to inhibit ferritin autophagy and reduced the degradation of ferritin in lysosomes. In summary, our results suggest that hesperetin not only regulates the antioxidant system but also inhibits AFB1-induced ferritin hyperautophagy, thereby reducing the accumulation of iron ions to mitigate lipid peroxidation. This work provides a fresh perspective on the mechanism behind hesperetin and AFB1-induced liver damage in mice.

Biotransformation, Bioaccumulation, and Bioelimination of Triphenyl Phosphate and Its Dominant Metabolite Diphenyl Phosphate In Vivo.

Aryl phosphorus flame retardants (aryl-PFRs), such as triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), are widely used worldwide. Understanding the fates of aryl-PFRs in vivo is crucial to assessing their toxicity and the risks they pose. Seven TPHP metabolites, including Phase I hydrolysis and hydroxylation and Phase II glucuronidation products, were identified in C57BL/6J male mice following subacute dietary exposure to aryl-PFRs (70 µg/kg body weight (bw)/day) for 7 days. TPHP was almost completely metabolized by mice (∼97%), with DPHP the major metabolite formed (34%-58%). In addition, mice were exposed to aryl-PFRs (7 µg/kg bw/day) for 12 weeks. Both TPHP and DPHP occurred at higher concentrations in the digestive tract (intestine and stomach), liver and heart. The total concentration of DPHP in all organs was 3.55-fold greater than that of TPHP. Recovery analysis showed that the rate of TPHP elimination from mouse organs reached 38%, while only 3%-5% of DPHP was removed, suggesting that the rates of degradation and elimination of DPHP were slower than TPHP and its bioaccumulation potential was higher. These results highlight the critical role of DPHP in the biotransformation, bioaccumulation, and bioelimination of TPHP, providing valuable insights into the fate of aryl-PFRs in vivo.

Risk Factors for 30-Day Mortality of Community-Acquired Bloodstream Infection Patients in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.

Purpose: To analyze the factors affecting patients' prognoses based on the community acquired-bloodstream infection patient data from 2017 to 2021. Patients and Methods: The data of 940 patients were retrieved, having at least one positive bilateral blood culture within 48 hours of hospitalization, and grouped into survivor and non-survivor groups. The clinical characteristics, laboratory results, causative pathogen and other indicators were collected and compared, and risk factors were identified by applying Cox proportional hazard regression model to the data. Results: Community acquired-bloodstream infection is most commonly caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species and Staphylococcus hominis. Among the total of 940 selected patients, 52 (5.5%) died during hospitalization. The demographic parameters like age and gender, clinical protocols like maintenance hemodialysis, glucocorticoid use during hospitalization, catheter placement, procaicitonin, total protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid contents and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were significantly different between the survivor and non-survivor groups. The survival analysis results revealed that age (HR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.05, P=0.002), glucocorticoid use during hospitalization (HR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.62-8.37, P=0.021) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.18, P=0.004) might be the risk factors affecting 30-day mortality in patients with community acquired-bloodstream infection. Conclusion: The identified risk factors may help guide clinical treatment protocol for patients with community acquired-bloodstream infection, providing more effective treatment strategy selection with improved clinical outcomes.

Branched-Chain Amino Acids Deficiency Promotes Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Through Upregulating LAT1 and Inhibiting Kv1.2 Channel.

Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP), one of the most common complications of diabetes, is characterized by bilateral symmetrical distal limb pain and substantial morbidity. To compare the differences  is aimed at serum metabolite levels between 81 DNP and 73 T2DM patients without neuropathy and found that the levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are significantly lower in DNP patients than in T2DM patients. In high-fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced T2DM and leptin receptor-deficient diabetic (db/db) mouse models, it is verified that BCAA deficiency aggravated, whereas BCAA supplementation alleviated DNP symptoms. Mechanistically, using a combination of RNA sequencing of mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissues and label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of cultured cells, it is found that BCAA deficiency activated the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) through ATF4, which is reversed by BCAA supplementation. Abnormally upregulated LAT1 reduced Kv1.2 localization to the cell membrane, and inhibited Kv1.2 channels, thereby increasing neuronal excitability and causing neuropathy. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of the LAT1 inhibitor, BCH, alleviated DNP symptoms in mice, confirming that BCAA-deficiency-induced LAT1 activation contributes to the onset of DNP. These findings provide fresh insights into the metabolic differences between DNP and T2DM, and the development of approaches for the management of DNP.

Photoredox coupling of carbon dioxide reduction with tetracycline oxidation using excited-state bismuth and cobalt dual sites over cobalt-tailored bismuth oxychloride.

Photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion and simultaneous pollutant oxidation in a single system are promising approaches to mitigate energy and environmental challenges. However, the limited availability of active photocatalyst sites led to slow reaction kinetics and poor selectivity. Current research has predominantly focused on ground-state reactive sites of semiconductors, with less emphasis on active sites in their excited states. Therefore, gaining insights into the active sites in the excited state of semiconductors could provide a significant breakthrough in understanding the photocatalytic reaction mechanism. In this study, cobalt-doped bismuth oxychloride nanosheets containing abundant oxygen vacancies (OVs) were used as a model to investigate the active sites in excited states. These nanosheets were used to integrate CO2 reduction with tetracycline (TC) oxidation. Combining theoretical calculations with in situ characterizations revealed that under excited-state conditions photogenerated electrons transfer from cobalt (Co) dopants to OVs and subsequently to bismuth (Bi) atoms, forming Bi(3-x)+ sites enriched with excited electrons. These excited-electron-rich Bi(3-x)+ sites and electron-deficient Co sites contribute to CO2 reduction and TC oxidation, respectively. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of active sites in the excited state in doped semiconductors at the atomic level, reinforcing their potential for synergistic CO2 reduction and pollutant degradation.

Qualification rate and associated factors regarding COVID-19 clinical skills training based on scenario simulation teaching to medical staffs in China: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has accentuated the need for effective clinical skills training in infectious diseases. This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of infectious disease clinical skills training based on scenario simulation teaching for medical staff in China. METHODS: This hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen between March and December 2022. Scenario simulation teaching was applied, and factors such as gender, educational level, professional background, and previous experience were examined to determine their impact on qualification outcomes. RESULTS: The study included participants primarily between the ages of 20-40 years, with a higher proportion of women holding university degrees. Nurses and physicians were more likely to qualify, indicating the significance of professional backgrounds. Women showed a higher likelihood of qualifying than men and higher educational attainment correlated with better qualification rates. Prior experience with protective clothing in isolation wards was a significant determinant of successful qualification. Multivariate analysis underscored the influence of sex, education, and previous experience on training effectiveness. CONCLUSION: Scenario simulation is an effective strategy for training clinical skills in treating infectious diseases. This study highlights the importance of considering sex, education, professional background, and prior experience when designing training programs to enhance the efficacy and relevance of infectious disease training.

Recent Recall of Iron Reagent-Investigation of Potential Reagent Contamination and Assay Improvement Strategy.

BACKGROUND: Recently, a major manufacturer recalled several lots of iron assay reagent due to positive bias of roughly 15%-30% and the cause remains unknown. This study investigated the root cause of this positive bias and evaluated a simple practical approach to improve the assay. METHODS: Performance comparison of recalled and unimpacted iron assay kits was done utilizing calibrators, quality control (QC) materials, and 42 remnant patient samples. Spectral scan and trace elements analysis of R1 and R2 reagents was performed. Copper (Cu) and thiourea (TU) spiking experiments were utilized to elucidate the cause and prevention of positive bias seen with recalled lots. RESULTS: Iron measurements in QC materials and patient samples using recalled reagents generated a positive bias of 17.5% and 21%, respectively. Correspondingly, the recalled R2 reagents, but not R1, showed a rise in basal absorbance along with an unanticipated presence of Cu (22.7 µg/dL) and lead (7.5 µg/L). Cu spiking to recalled and unimpacted R2 reagent intensified the reagent color besides falsely increasing its absorbance, calibration factor, and patient iron measurements. Interestingly, addition of TU (65 mmol/L) to R2 reagent from unimpacted lot prevented the short-term and prolonged Cu-induced spurious rise in calibration factor and patient iron estimations. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that accidental copper contamination of R2 reagent during manufacturing could be a reason underlying the positive bias in the recalled iron reagent lots. Addition of TU in ferene-containing R2 reagent is a simple and effective means to prevent Cu-induced false elevation in iron values.

Dietary Crude Protein and Lysine Levels Affect Meat Quality and Myofiber Characteristic of Slow-Growing Chicken.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) and lysine levels on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, and myofiber characteristics of slow-growing chicken. A 3 × 3 factorial experiment was arranged, and the chickens were fed with 3 levels of dietary CP (16.0%, 17.0%, 18.0%) and 3 levels of dietary lysine (0.69%, 0.84%, 0.99%). A total of 540 8-week-old Beijing-You Chicken (BYC) female growing chickens were randomly allocated to 9 groups, 5 replicates per group, and 12 chickens per replicate. The birds were randomly allocated to one of the 9 experimental diets. Growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, and myofiber characteristics were determined at 16 weeks of age. The results showed that dietary CP level and the interaction of dietary CP and lysine levels affected average feed intake (AFI) (p < 0.05). The AFI in the 16.0% CP and 17.0% CP groups was higher than in the 18.0% CP group (p < 0.05). Dietary CP levels significantly affected body weight gain (BWG) (p < 0.05) at 9 to 16 weeks. The 18.0% CP group had the highest BWG (93.99 g). Dietary CP levels affected the percentage of leg muscle yield, and the percentage of leg muscle yield of the 16.0% CP group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (p < 0.05). Dietary CP and lysine levels alone and their interactions did not affect pH24h, drip loss, and cooking loss of breast muscle (p > 0.05). The shear force of the 18.0% CP group (29.55 N) was higher than that in the other two groups (p < 0.01). Dietary CP level affected myofiber characteristic (p < 0.01), with the lowest myofiber density (846.35 p·mm-2) and the largest myofiber diameter (30.92 µm) at 18.0% CP level. Dietary lysine level affected myofiber diameter, endomysium thickness, perimysium thickness (p < 0.01), with the largest myofiber diameter (29.29 µm) obtained at 0.84% lysine level, the largest endomysium thickness (4.58 µm) at 0.69% lysine level, and the largest perimysium thickness (9.26 µm) at 0.99% lysine level. Myofiber density was negatively correlated with myofiber diameter and endomysium thickness (R = -0.883, R = -0.523, p < 0.01); perimysium thickness had a significant negative correlation with shear force (R = -0.682, p < 0.05). Therefore, reducing dietary CP level and adding appropriate lysine can reduce myofiber diameter and increase perimysium thickness, reducing shear force and improving meat tenderness. A high lysine level (0.99%) in the low-CP (16.0%) diet can improve meat tenderness by regulating the myofiber characteristic without affecting production performance.

Metagenomics reveals unique gut mycobiome biomarkers in psoriasis.

PURPOSE: In present, the diagnosis of psoriasis is mainly based on the patient's typical clinical manifestations, dermoscopy and skin biopsy, and unlike other immune diseases, psoriasis lacks specific indicators in the blood. Therefore, we are required to search novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of psoriasis. METHODS: In this study, we analyzed the composition and the differences of intestinal fungal communities composition between psoriasis patients and healthy individuals in order to find the intestinal fungal communities associated with the diagnosis of psoriasis. We built a machine learning model and identified potential microbial markers for the diagnosis of psoriasis. RESULTS: The results of AUROC (area under ROC) showed that Aspergillus puulaauensis (AUROC = 0.779), Kazachstania africana (AUROC = 0.750) and Torulaspora delbrueckii (AUROC = 0.745) had high predictive ability (AUROC > 0.7) for predicting psoriasis, While Fusarium keratoplasticum (AUROC = 0.670) was relatively lower (AUROC < 0.7). CONCLUSION: The strategy based on the prediction of intestinal fungal communities provides a new idea for the diagnosis of psoriasis and is expected to become an auxiliary diagnostic method for psoriasis.

Effects of thyroid hormone on monochromatic light combinations mediate skeletal muscle fiber pattern in broilers.

It has been shown that monochromatic green light and blue light promote skeletal muscle development in early (P0-P26) and later growth stages (P27-P42), respectively. This study further investigated the effects of monochromatic light combinations on myogenesis and myofiber types transformation in broilers. Here, a total of 252 chicks were exposed to monochromatic light [red (R), green (G), blue (B), or white light (W)], and monochromatic light combination [green and blue light combination (GB), blue and green light combination (BG), red and blue combination (RB)] until P42. Compared with other groups, GB significantly increased body weight, and muscle organ index, both proportions of larger-size myofibers and oxidative myofibers in the pectoralis major (PM) and gastrocnemius muscle (GAS). Meanwhile, GB up-regulated the abundance of oxidative genes MYH7B and MYH1B, transcription factors PAX7 and Myf5, antioxidant proteins Nrf2, HO-1, and GPX4, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT, GPx, and T-AOC, but down-regulated the abundance of glycolytic related genes MYH 1A, MyoD, MyoG, Mstn, Keap1, TNFa, and MDA levels. Consistent with the change of myofiber pattern, GB significantly reduced serum thyroid hormone (TH) levels, up-regulated skeletal muscle deiodinase DIO3 expression and down-regulated deiodinase DIO2 expression, which may directly lead to the reduction of intramuscular TH levels to affect myofiber types transformation. In contrast, the proportion of fast glycolytic muscle fibers increased in the RR with increasing TH levels. After thyroidectomy, the above parameters were inversed and resulted in no significant difference of each color light treatment group. These data suggested that GB significantly increased the proportion of oxidative muscle fibers and antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscle of broilers, which was regulated by TH-DIO2/DIO3 signaling pathway.

Twin Boundaries-Induced Centrosymmetric Breaking of Hollow CaTiO3 Nanocuboids for Piezocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Piezocatalysis, a transformative mechanochemical energy conversion technique, has received considerable attention over the past decade for its role in processes such as hydrogen evolution from water. Despite notable progress in the field, challenges remain, particularly in the areas of limited piezocatalysis efficiency and limited availability of materials requiring a non-centrosymmetric structure. Here, a pioneering contribution is presented by elucidating the piezocatalytic properties of hollow CaTiO3 nanocuboids, a centrosymmetric material with a nominally nonpolar state. Remarkably, CaTiO3 nanocuboids exhibit an impressive hydrogen production rate of 3.44 mmol g-1 h-1 under ultrasonic vibrations, surpassing the performance of the well-established piezocatalyst BaTiO3 (2.23 mmol g-1 h-1). In contrast, commercial CaTiO3 nanoparticles do not exhibit piezocatalytic performance. The exceptional performance of hollow CaTiO3 nanocuboids is attributed to the abundance presence of twin boundaries on the {110} facet within its crystal structure, which can impart significant polarization strength to CaTiO3. Extending the investigation to other centrosymmetric materials, such as SrZrO3 and BaZrO3, the experimental results also demonstrate their commendable properties for piezocatalytic hydrogen production from water. This research underscores the significant potential of centrosymmetric materials in piezocatalysis.

Identification and Validation of a Necroptosis-Related Prognostic Model in Tumor Recurrence and Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer Management.

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Necroptosis, a form of programmed necrotic cell death, occurs in many solid tumors, including breast cancer, and influences anti-tumor immunity. The role of necroptosis in managing breast cancer recurrence remains unclear. Methods: Gene expression profiles and clinical data of breast cancer patients were obtained from the GEO (GSE20685, GSE21653, GSE25055) and TCGA databases. Data analysis and visualization were performed using R. Unsupervised Consensus Clustering and LASSO-COX regression stratified breast cancer patients. GO, KEGG, GSVA, ESTIMATE, and ROC analyses were used to investigate necroptotic signatures. In vitro and in vivo experiments validated necroptosis's role in breast cancer immunity. Results: The potential function of necroptotic signature in immunity was first indicated with GO analysis in BRCA cohort. Next, two prognostic models based on the necroptotic profiles both suggested a link between low-risk group with a particular necroptotic immune signature. And a variety of immune cells and immune pathways were shown to be positively associated with a patient's risk score. As an altered immune checkpoint pattern was observed after regulating necroptotic genes, where TIM-3 and LAGLS9 elevated significantly in low-risk group, further validation in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that manipulating a subset of necroptotic gene set could sensitize tumor response to the co-blockade immunotherapy of anti-TIM-3 and anti-PD-1. Conclusion: We demonstrated two strategies to stratify breast cancer patients based on their necroptotic profiles and showed that necroptotic signature could assign patients with different tumor immune microenvironment patterns and different recurrence-related prognosis. A subset of necroptotic gene set, composed of TLR3, RIPK3, NLRP3, CASP1, ALDH2 and EZH2, was identified as a biomarker set for predicting immunotherapy-response and recurrence-related prognosis. Targeting necroptosis could helpfacilitate the development of novel breast cancer treatments and tailor personalized medical treatment.

Rewc-GNN Algorithm for the Property Prediction of Large-Scale Crystals.

The space group of a crystal describes the symmetry and periodic arrangement of its structure. As the fundamental element in the structure, it plays a vital role in determining the physical and chemical properties of crystals. The investigation of crystal space group information allows for the prediction of material properties, thereby providing guidance for material design and synthesis to enhance their performance or functionality. Currently prevalent first-principles-based computational methods exhibit good accuracy, but they rely heavily on computing resources, greatly limiting the efficiency of material screening. In this paper, our study is oriented toward the prediction the spatial group of crystals, and an algorithm named Rewc, based on graph neural networks (GNNs) is proposed. This algorithm encodes all atoms and the interactions between atoms in the crystal as features by combining Floyd algorithm and k-hop message passing and employs multilayer convolutional networks to extract connections between k layers. This allows for the automatic learning of more representative atomic vector representations through iterations of feature information for each atom and its neighbors. Experimental results demonstrate that the Rewc framework exhibits reliable accuracy and good generalization capabilities in predicting the crystal structure compared to previous GNN methods.