Children's perceptions of their participation rights context when living in residential care and its relationship with their subjective well-being.

BACKGROUND: Participation rights of children in residential care have not been frequently explored despite the positive effects of participation on their subjective well-being (SWB). OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship of six rights-related perceptions with the SWB of children and adolescents in residential care. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: N = 268, 9-19-year-olds living in residential care. METHODS: Five rights-related perceptions were analysed according to scores in two cognitive and two affective SWB scales, through descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The more children feel adults at home and at school listen to them and take their say into account, the more they feel they are treated fairly by these adults, and the more they perceive adults in general in their country respect children's rights, the higher are their observed SWB scores. The majority rights-related perceptions showed significant effects on positive SWB indicators. However, only they believe that adults in general in their country respect children's rights displayed effects on Negative Affect. Girls' SWB showed lower scores than boys', and girls' rights-related perceptions displayed more effects on their SWB than boys'. CONCLUSIONS: There are important percentages of children in residential care who do not feel they are able to participate in aspects of their own lives that directly affect them and their SWB. Children in residential care display lower scores in all the positive measures, especially girls and exceptionally higher scores in the negative affect than the overall Chilean children's population.

Changes in the network structure of well-being components in adolescents in the school context: A 2-year longitudinal study.

Disentangling the connections between subjective and psychological well-being may help practitioners identify effective targets of intervention to promote mental health in school settings. Based on theoretical foundations of well-being, the present study utilized psychometric network analysis to explore prospective associations between the subjective and psychological well-being of adolescents over 2 years. To this end, a cross-sectional network was estimated at Time 1 (n = 560) and Time 2 (n = 281), followed by a longitudinal network incorporating individual changes across time points in each component (n = 235). The networks included different indicators of subjective (e.g., life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect) and psychological well-being measured by means of self-reported questionnaires. The results revealed direct connections between indicators of subjective and psychological well-being over time. Positive affect, especially feeling happy and satisfied, exhibited most of these connections. Only one negative longitudinal association emerged, which involved negative affect (e.g., feeling worried) and psychological well-being. The suitability of the network approach to represent the structure of subjective and psychological well-being can be used to widen research on adolescents' well-being. Considering the longitudinal associations identified, the present study makes an exploratory hypothesis to propose specific connectors between subjective and psychological well-being as potential targets for interventions aimed at promoting adolescents' mental health.

The relationship between subjective well-being and food: a qualitative study based on children's perspectives.

PURPOSE: Despite the lack of consensus regarding which life satisfaction domains should be included in the study of children's subjective well-being (SWB), some domains are frequently considered, such as satisfaction with health. However, some others, such as satisfaction with food, are barely taken into account, despite the impact eating habits have on children's health and well-being. We adopt a qualitative approach to explore the role food plays in children's SWB, providing for a more in-depth analysis of children's perceptions and evaluations on a still insufficiently known domain of life satisfaction. METHOD: Sixteen discussion groups were held with 112 Spanish students (10-12 years old) from six schools. The transcripts were analy sed and themes reflecting the key concepts were defined using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Five themes emerged from the children's discourses on the relationship between food and SWB: health, pleasure, emotions, commensality-i.e., eating together-and food-empowerment-thus offering new insights from children's perspectives. CONCLUSION: Almost all of the participants established a relationship between their SWB and their eating behaviour, meaning that, within the challenges facing public health, SWB must be taken into account when promoting healthy eating programmes for children. Also, group discussion is found to be a very powerful tool for exploring topics with subjective connotations among child populations.

Sibling Bullying, School Bullying, and Children's Subjective Well-Being Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia.

The aims of this study are threefold. The first aim is to examine the prevalence of sibling and school bullying before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The second aim is to investigate the subjective well-being (SWB) of children who were bullied or never bullied before and during COVID-19. The third aim is to investigate factors associated with sibling and school bullying before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses two separate cross-sectional datasets from the Children's Worlds survey in Indonesia. Data in Study 1 were collected in October 2017 (N = 12,794; 48.2% boys; 51.8% girls, mean age = 10.56), while data in Study 2 were collected from July to September 2021 (N = 2,222; 46.1% boys; 53.9% girls; mean age = 10.77). Five items were used to measure sibling and school bullying. The five-item version of the Children's Worlds Subjective Well-Being Scale (CW-SWBS5) was used as the SWB indicator. Three groups of independent variables (family, friends and school climate) were analysed using linear regression to investigate the contribution of each variable to sibling and school bullying. Results show that the prevalence of sibling bullying during the COVID-19 pandemic is higher than before the pandemic, while the frequency of school bullying incidents during COVID-19 is lower than before COVID-19. SWB scores of children during COVID-19 are lower than SWB scores of children before the COVID-19 pandemic, both for bullied or never-bullied children. The fact that children report that parents listen to them and take what they say into account is positively associated with a lower frequency of being bullied at home before and during COVID-19 and being bullied at school only during the pandemic. Although samples are not strictly comparable, the SWB indicators used in both studies showed sensitivity to the changes in children's lives in previous studies. Therefore, the SWB indicators are supposed to be sensitive to changes associated with children's new everyday life COVID-19 has implied.

Satisfaction with the Neighborhood of Israeli and Chilean Children and its Effects on their Subjective Well-being.

A study of subjective well-being in 4,942 children (49% girls) aged 10 and 12 living in Israel and Chile is presented. The association between perceptions of the neighborhood and subjective well-being (SWB) was analyzed based on a mediation model using satisfaction with the neighborhood as a mediating variable. The overall results showed high average SWB scores for both countries as well as high levels of satisfaction with the neighborhoods where they live. Differences between the countries were observed for the age groups. The SWB of Chilean children decreased with age, while a decrease was not detected for the Israeli children. The mediation model had excellent fit for the age groups and countries, and the satisfaction with the neighborhood variable presents a partial mediation effect between neighborhood variables and SWB. Satisfaction with the neighborhood displayed a greater effect on the SWB of the older children than the younger ones. Gender showed significant effects on SWB only in Chile. The results are discussed, analyzing the similarities and differences between both countries and providing new evidence for the study of SWB at the international level. Questions for a more specific analysis of SWB within each country are suggested.

Subjective well-being of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: two data collections.

This paper examines the subjective well-being (SWB) of children and adolescents (10‒18 years old) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia for two periods (May to July 2020 and March to May 2021), using cross-sectional data from two distinct samples of N = 1,011 (M age = 14.61) and N = 1,640 (M age = 14.86), respectively. Its aims are twofold: (1) to examine the state of SWB among Indonesian children, including its cognitive component (measured using the CW-SWBS), positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA), and the participants' satisfaction with their contact with friends and how they spend their time; and (2) to compare the evolution of these SWB-related aspects from the first to the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using Google Forms and convenience and snowball sampling. Results showed that boys displayed significantly higher mean SWB scores than girls, while elementary students displayed significantly higher mean scores for the cognitive component than middle and high school students for both data collection periods. Boys also displayed significantly higher mean PA scores than girls. There were significant school grade differences on PA and NA, depending on the period of study. In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, children and adolescents displayed lower scores on satisfaction with their contact with friends than in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic. These results suggest that children and adolescents adapted to the COVID-19 situation during the second year, and this adaptation protected their SWB from further decrease, as defended by the homeostasis theory.

The Structure of Children's Subjective Well-being.

Research on children's quality of life and subjective well-being has advanced over the past decade largely as a result of developments in childhood theory, children's rights legislation, and the shift toward positive social science. However, in line with the uncertainty regarding the conceptualization of subjective well-being, the structural configuration of children's subjective well-being has not been considered in the literature. In the current study, we present and test a model of children's subjective well-being, which includes global (context-free items assessing overall and general well-being, without reference to a specific aspect of life) and specific (domain-based items assessing a specific aspect of life) cognitive components, and positive and negative affect. We further test the fit structure of a hierarchical structural (second-order) model of children's subjective well-being. Finally, we test the measurement invariance of the hierarchical model across age and gender. We use data from the third Wave of the Children's Worlds Survey. The data source includes a sample of 92,782 participants selected from 35 countries (girls = 49.7%) in two age groups (10- and 12-years-old). We found a good fit for the four-factor confirmatory factor model of children's subjective well-being. Correlations between the various latent factors were as anticipated-with positive correlations between the life satisfaction components and positive affect, and negative correlations with negative affect. We further found a good fit for the hierarchical structural model of children's subjective well-being. Finally, we found the tenability of measurement invariance across age and gender. The study extends the generalizability of the hierarchical structural configuration of the subjective well-being to child samples, and provides a viable model to explore correlates and predictors of children's subjective well-being using the full conceptual model. Finally, we propound the tenability of a quadripartite hierarchical conceptual model of children's subjective well-being.

Mediation of Problematic Use in the Relationship Between Types of Internet Use and Subjective Well-Being in Schoolchildren.

Subjective well-being is a broad category of phenomena that includes people's emotional responses, domain satisfactions, and global judgments of life satisfaction. This research investigates how schoolchildren's subjective well-being is affected by the different types of technology use, in personal contexts, and, concurrently, whether these effects are different when the use of technology is problematic. The central hypotheses are as follows: (1) the use of the Internet affects the subjective well-being of schoolchildren negatively only when this use is problematic and (2) the effect on subjective well-being is different according to the type of Internet use. To respond to the objectives of the research, a survey was applied to 15-year-old adolescents (2,579 cases), distributed in 330 public schools, beneficiaries of a government program for the delivery of personal computers and Internet for a year. The different uses of the Internet were measured using frequency scales by type of activity (social, recreational, and educational). Problematic use scale measured the perception of negative consequences of the intensity of Internet use on a daily basis. Subjective well-being was measured by the Personal Well-Being Index-School Children (PWI-SC). Subsequently, for analytical purposes, three simple mediation models were created, whose dependent variable was PWI-SC, while its independent variables were Internet use scales differentiated by purpose (social, recreational, and educational) and problematic use as a mediating variable, as well as attributes of the subjects and their social environment, which were incorporated as control variables. The main results show that only if Internet use is expressed as problematic does it negatively affect subjective well-being. On the contrary, when the use of the Internet is not problematic, the effect is positive and even greater than the simple effect (without mediation) between these two variables. This finding is relevant, since it allows us to provide evidence that suggests that, when studying the effect that the intensity of the Internet, firstly, one must consider the mediating effect exerted by the network's problematic use and, secondly, that not all types of use have the same impact. Therefore, it is useful to enrich the discussion on subjective well-being and social integration of schoolchildren in the digital age.

Subjective Well-Being in Early Adolescence: Observations from a Five-Year Longitudinal Study.

This article aims to redress the lack of longitudinal studies on adolescents' subjective well-being (SWB) and highlight the relevance of knowledge deriving from such research in designing public policies for improving their health and wellbeing in accordance with the stage of development they are in. To achieve this, the evolution of SWB during early adolescence (in adolescents aged between 10 and 14 in the first data collection) was explored over a five year period, considering boys and girls together and separately. This involved comparing different SWB scales and contrasting results when considering the year of data collection versus the cohort (year of birth) participants belonged to. The methodology comprised a generalized linear mixed model using the INLA (Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation) estimation within a Bayesian framework. Results support the existence of a decreasing-with-age trend, which has been previously intuited in cross-sectional studies and observed in only a few longitudinal studies and contrasts with the increasing-with-age tendency observed in late adolescence. This decrease is also found to be more pronounced for girls, with relevant differences found between instruments. The decreasing-with-age trend observed when the year of data collection is taken into account is also observed when considering the cohort, but the latter provides additional information. The results obtained suggest that there is a need to continue studying the evolution of SWB in early adolescence with samples from other cultures; this, in turn, will make it possible to establish the extent to which the observed decreasing-with-age trend among early adolescents is influenced by cultural factors.

The relation between subjective well-being and career aspirations amongst a sample of adolescents in low socioeconomic status communities in Cape Town.

The study aimed to determine the relation between adolescents' subjective well-being and career aspirations. The study further aimed to determine the extent to which social support mediates this relation. The sample comprised 1082 adolescents in Grades 8-11, selected from schools located in low socioeconomic status communities in Cape Town, South Africa. The overall model demonstrated a nonsignificant relation between adolescents' subjective well-being and career aspirations. Across gender, the results indicated a significant relation between subjective well-being and career aspirations for the male group, but not for females. The results further indicate that social support did not mediate the relation between adolescents' subjective well-being and career aspirations for the pooled sample. However, for females, the study found a significant negative relation between social support and aspirations. We recommend targeting interventions at an institutional level, inclusive of challenging gender roles and providing information about educational and career opportunities for young people.

The subjective well-being of children in kinship care.

BACKGROUND: Studying the subjective well-being (SWB) of children in out-of-home care is becoming important. However, there is a lack of results on the subjective well-being of children in kinship care. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the subjective well-being of children at the age of 12 years old in kinship and residential care and in the general population, taking into account gender differences. METHOD: We administered the questionnaire used in the International Survey of Children's Well-Being (ISCWeB) including two psychometric scales (OLS and PWI-SC). RESULTS: The results showed differences in overall SWB scores (using PWI-SC as a SWB indicator) and in its components among the three groups: children in kinship care scores were more similar to those from the general population. The PWI-SC displayed good fit statistics with the pooled sample and good comparability with the Multi-group SEM with constrained loadings and intercepts, suggesting it was acceptable for comparing correlation, regressions and mean scores of the items. Gender appeared to have statistically significant effects on the OLS scale, showing lower scores for girls in residential care. CONCLUSIONS: Supporting kinship appropriately and taking into account gender issues are the challenges facing public policies for children in care.

[Peer violence, school environment and developmental contexts: its effects on well-being]. / Violência entre pares, clima escolar e contextos de desenvolvimento: suas implicações no bem-estar.

The scope of this study is to analyze the implications of peer violence in the school context, the school environment and the perceived developmental contexts on the subjective well-being of children and adolescents. The sample is comprised of 910 students in Years 6 and 7 of primary school in 27 urban and rural public and private schools in Ceará. It is a quantitative cross-sectional study and the following tools were used: scales measuring victimization and aggression among peers and the school environment; three indices on perceptions of developmental contexts (home, school, neighborhood); and three well-being scales (Students' Life Satisfaction Scale, Personal Well-being Index and Single item on Overall Life Satisfaction). Data were analyzed using multivariate variance analysis, with a significance level below 0, 01. Results indicate that bullying, alone or in interaction with the variables analyzed, is the variable that has the greatest impact on the well-being of the population studied, whereby those involved in bullying have the lowest well-being averages. Low levels of perception regarding the contexts of home, school and neighborhood and the school environment, as well as attending a public school and/or living in rural areas, are all also associated with low subjective well-being.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as implicações da violência entre pares no contexto escolar, do clima escolar e da percepção dos contextos de desenvolvimento no bem-estar subjetivo de crianças e adolescentes. A amostra é composta por 910 estudantes do 6º e 7º ano do ensino fundamental, de 27 escolas, públicas e privadas, urbanas e rurais do Ceará. Trata-se de um estudo transversal quantitativo que utilizou os instrumentos escala de vitimização e agressão entre pares e de clima escolar; três índices de percepção dos contextos de desenvolvimento (casa, escola, bairro); três escalas de bem-estar (satisfação com a vida para estudantes, índice de bem-estar pessoal e item único de satisfação com a vida) para coleta de dados. Os dados passaram por análise de variância multivariada com nível de significância não superior a 0,01. Os resultados indicam que a tipologia bullying, isoladamente ou em interação com as variáveis analisadas, é a que mais impacto exerce sobre o bem-estar da população estudada, sendo os envolvidos os que apresentam as menores médias de bem-estar. Níveis baixos de percepção dos contextos casa, escola, bairro, e do clima escolar, bem como estudar em escola pública e/ou morar em zona rural, estão igualmente associados a bem-estar subjetivo baixo.

Violência entre pares, clima escolar e contextos de desenvolvimento: suas implicações no bem-estar / Peer violence, school environment and developmental contexts: its effects on well-being

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as implicações da violência entre pares no contexto escolar, do clima escolar e da percepção dos contextos de desenvolvimento no bem-estar subjetivo de crianças e adolescentes. A amostra é composta por 910 estudantes do 6º e 7º ano do ensino fundamental, de 27 escolas, públicas e privadas, urbanas e rurais do Ceará. Trata-se de um estudo transversal quantitativo que utilizou os instrumentos escala de vitimização e agressão entre pares e de clima escolar; três índices de percepção dos contextos de desenvolvimento (casa, escola, bairro); três escalas de bem-estar (satisfação com a vida para estudantes, índice de bem-estar pessoal e item único de satisfação com a vida) para coleta de dados. Os dados passaram por análise de variância multivariada com nível de significância não superior a 0,01. Os resultados indicam que a tipologia bullying, isoladamente ou em interação com as variáveis analisadas, é a que mais impacto exerce sobre o bem-estar da população estudada, sendo os envolvidos os que apresentam as menores médias de bem-estar. Níveis baixos de percepção dos contextos casa, escola, bairro, e do clima escolar, bem como estudar em escola pública e/ou morar em zona rural, estão igualmente associados a bem-estar subjetivo baixo.

Abstract The scope of this study is to analyze the implications of peer violence in the school context, the school environment and the perceived developmental contexts on the subjective well-being of children and adolescents. The sample is comprised of 910 students in Years 6 and 7 of primary school in 27 urban and rural public and private schools in Ceará. It is a quantitative cross-sectional study and the following tools were used: scales measuring victimization and aggression among peers and the school environment; three indices on perceptions of developmental contexts (home, school, neighborhood); and three well-being scales (Students' Life Satisfaction Scale, Personal Well-being Index and Single item on Overall Life Satisfaction). Data were analyzed using multivariate variance analysis, with a significance level below 0, 01. Results indicate that bullying, alone or in interaction with the variables analyzed, is the variable that has the greatest impact on the well-being of the population studied, whereby those involved in bullying have the lowest well-being averages. Low levels of perception regarding the contexts of home, school and neighborhood and the school environment, as well as attending a public school and/or living in rural areas, are all also associated with low subjective well-being.

Introduction to the Special Section on Children's Subjective Well-Being.

A notable increase in scientific publications on children's subjective well-being has been observed since the beginning of the 21st century. Different factors have contributed to this phenomenon, one of the most relevant being the concurrence of macrolevel (at the population level) and microlevel (at the individual level) perspectives in research on child well-being.

Subjective Well-Being Decreasing With Age: New Research on Children Over 8.

An increasing number of scientific publications have provided data from different countries suggesting subjective well-being (SWB) continuously decreases during adolescence. A review of these publications reveals authors have used dissimilar scales in diverse countries. Using data from the international Children's Worlds project (N = 48,040), involving 15 countries, a comparative analysis was performed to determine how mean scores evolve with different SWB scales from the age of 8 onwards. The results support the hypothesis that the tendency of SWB to decrease with age starts at around 10 years of age in most countries, while also confirming that different psychometric scales display different levels of sensitivity to diverse sociocultural contexts and more than one should be used in any research on children and adolescents' SWB.

Children's Experiences of Bullying Victimization and the Influence on Their Subjective Well-Being: A Multinational Comparison.

The study used data from the second wave of the Children's Worlds Survey to explore the relation between children's experiences of bullying victimization (physical and psychological) and their subjective well-being (SWB) across three age groups (8, 10, and 12) and 15 global geographical regions. The sample consists of 47,029 children randomly selected from 15 countries. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. The results show appropriate fit structure for the overall model, and that the combined influence of physical and psychological bullying made a significant contribution to SWB across age groups and geographical regions. The findings are interpreted using Cummins's (1995) Homeostasis Theory of SWB.

Assessment of Free Time Motivation on a Sample of 11 to 18 Year-Old Catalan-Speaking Spanish Adolescents.

Free time is considered to be a very important aspect of adolescents' psychosocial development. One of the instruments that has been developed to explore motivation in relation to free time activities is Baldwin and Caldwell's (2003) Free Time Motivation Scale for Adolescents (FTMS-A), based on Ryan and Deci (2000) Self-Determination Theory. The main aim of this study is to explore the psychometric properties of the FTM S-A after its translation and adaptation to Catalan, administering it to a sample of 2,263 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 (M = 14.99; SD = 1.79) from Catalonia, Spain. To explore structural validity we follow two steps: Firstly, we analyze how the scale fits with the original model by conducting a CFA on the whole sample; secondly, we conduct an EFA on one half of the sample and a CFA on the other half in order to identify which structure best suits the sample. We also analyze convergent validity using three indicators of subjective well-being: The Personal Well-Being Index (PWI), the Satisfaction with Life scale (SWLS) and the Overall Life Satisfaction scale (OLS). The initial CFA produces a 5-factor model like the original, but with goodness of fit indices that do not reach the acceptable minimum. The EFA and the second CFA show a good fit for a 3-dimensional model (χ2(90) = 320.293; RMSEA = .048; NNFI = .92; CFI = .94) comprising introjected motivation, intrinsic motivation and amotivation. The correlations obtained between the FTMS-A and the three measures of subjective well-being scales show an association between free time motivations and this construct. Due to the model of scale used in the present study differs from the original, it is proposed that the new scale structure with 16 items be tested in the future in different cultural contexts.

[Psychosocial stressors, sense of community, and subjective wellbeing in children and adolescents in urban and rural areas in Northeast Brazil]. / Estressores psicossociais, senso de comunidade e bem-estar subjetivo em crianças e adolescentes de zonas urbanas e rurais do Nordeste do Brasil.

The study's overall objective was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial stressors, sense of community, and subjective wellbeing in urban and rural schoolchildren in Northeast Brazil, focusing on differences according to territorial context. The sample consisted of 757 participants, 495 from urban schools and 262 from rural schools, enrolled in the 6th and 7th grades (9 to 18 years of age) in 21 municipal and state public schools, of which 13 urban and 8 rural, in 7 municipalities (counties) in Ceará State, Brazil. The study instruments were inventory of stressful events, scale of life satisfaction for students, index of sense of community, and satisfaction indices by life domains (family, material goods, relations, neighborhood/zone, health, time, school, and personal). The results indicate that socioeconomically underprivileged public schoolchildren from urban areas are more exposed to daily stress and score lower on satisfaction in specific domains of life and on sense of community. This latter is an important indicator for evaluating wellbeing in this young population.

Estressores psicossociais, senso de comunidade e bem-estar subjetivo em crianças e adolescentes de zonas urbanas e rurais do Nordeste do Brasil / Psychosocial stressors, sense of community, and subjective wellbeing in children and adolescents in urban and rural areas in Northeast Brazil / Estresores psicosociales, sentido de comunidad y bienestar subjetivo en niños y adolescentes de zonas urbanas y rurales del Nordeste de Brasil

Resumo: O objetivo geral do estudo é investigar a relação existente entre eventos estressores cotidianos, senso de comunidade e bem-estar subjetivo em alunos de escolas urbanas e rurais do Nordeste do Brasil, focando nas diferenças por contexto territorial. A amostra está formada por 757 participantes, 495 alunos de escolas urbanas e 262 de escolas rurais, dos 6o e 7o anos (9 a 18 anos) de 21 escolas públicas municipais e estaduais, 13 urbanas e 8 rurais, de 7 municípios do Ceará, Brasil. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: inventário de eventos estressores, escala de satisfação com a vida para estudantes, índice de senso de comunidade e oito índices de satisfação por âmbitos da vida (família, bens materiais, relações, bairro/zona, saúde, tempo, escola, pessoal). Os resultados indicam que os alunos das escolas públicas (desfavorecidos socioeconomicamente) de contextos urbanos estão mais expostos ao estresse cotidiano, pontuam mais baixo em satisfação com âmbitos específicos da vida e senso de comunidade, sendo este último um indicador importante na avaliação do bem-estar da população estudada.

Abstract: The study's overall objective was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial stressors, sense of community, and subjective wellbeing in urban and rural schoolchildren in Northeast Brazil, focusing on differences according to territorial context. The sample consisted of 757 participants, 495 from urban schools and 262 from rural schools, enrolled in the 6th and 7th grades (9 to 18 years of age) in 21 municipal and state public schools, of which 13 urban and 8 rural, in 7 municipalities (counties) in Ceará State, Brazil. The study instruments were inventory of stressful events, scale of life satisfaction for students, index of sense of community, and satisfaction indices by life domains (family, material goods, relations, neighborhood/zone, health, time, school, and personal). The results indicate that socioeconomically underprivileged public schoolchildren from urban areas are more exposed to daily stress and score lower on satisfaction in specific domains of life and on sense of community. This latter is an important indicator for evaluating wellbeing in this young population.

Resumen: El objetivo general del estudio es investigar la relación existente entre eventos estresores cotidianos, sentido de comunidad y bienestar subjetivo, en alumnos de escuelas urbanas y rurales del nordeste de Brasil, centrándose en las diferencias por contexto territorial. La muestra está formada por 757 participantes, 495 alumnos de escuelas urbanas y 262 de escuelas rurales, del 6o y 7o año (9 a 18 años) de 21 escuelas públicas municipales y estatales, 13 urbanas y 8 rurales, de 7 municipios de Ceará, Brasil. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: inventario de eventos estresores, escala de satisfacción con la vida para estudiantes, índice de sentido de comunidad y ocho índices de satisfacción por ámbitos de la vida (familia, bienes materiales, relaciones, barrio/zona, salud, tiempo, escuela, personal). Los resultados indican que los alumnos de las escuelas públicas (desfavorecidos socioeconómicamente) de contextos urbanos están más expuestos al estrés cotidiano, puntúan más bajo en satisfacción con ámbitos específicos de la vida y sentido de comunidad, siendo este último un indicador importante en la evaluación del bienestar de la población estudiada.

Propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Autoconceito Multidimensional em adolescentes brasileiros / Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale in Brazilian adolescents / Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de autoconcepto multidimensional en adolescentes brasileños

Considerando-se a importância do autoconceito no bem-estar dos adolescentes, bem como a necessidade de escalas confiáveis que permitam avaliá-lo, o presente estudo tem como objetivos verificar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Autoconceito Multidimensional, sua estrutura e consistência interna em uma amostra de adolescentes brasileiros e verificar a invariância fatorial da escala considerando-se o sexo dos adolescentes. Participaram deste estudo 1.588 adolescentes com idades entre 12 e 16 anos, sendo 65,5% meninas. Os resultados indicam que a versão de quatro dimensões (acadêmica, familiar, física e social) e 20 itens da Escala de Autoconceito Multidimensional apresenta, no geral, consistência interna e índices de ajuste adequados em análise fatorial confirmatória para a amostra. Verifica-se também invariância fatorial entre meninos e meninas por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória multigrupo...

Considering the importance of self-concept in the well-being of adolescents, as well as the need for reliable scales that allow its evaluation, the objectives of the present study are to verify the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale-its structure and internal consistency - in a sample of Brazilian adolescents, and to assess the scalar invariance of the scale considering the adolescents' gender. The study included 1,588 adolescents between 12 and 16 years of age, with 65.5% being female. The results indicate that the four-dimensional (academic, family, social and physical), 20-item version of the Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale presents appropriate reliability and fit indices when performing confirmatory factor analysis for the sample. There is also factorial invariance between boys and girls tested with multi-group confirmatory factor analysis...

Teniendo en cuenta la importancia del auto-concepto en el bienestar de los adolescentes, así como la necesidad de escalas fiables que permitan evaluarlo, los objetivos del presente estudio son verificar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala Multidimensional de Autoconcepto, su estructura y consistencia interna en una muestra de adolescentes brasileños y evaluar la invariancia factorial de la escala teniendo en cuenta el género de los adolescentes. El estudio incluyó a 1.588 adolescentes con edades entre 12 y 16 años y 65,5% niñas. Los resultados indican que la versión de cuatro dimensiones (académica, familiar, social y física) y 20 ítems de la Escala de Autoconcepto Multidimensional presenta, en general, índices de ajuste y confiabilidad apropiados cuando se realiza el análisis factorial confirmatorio para la muestra. También se observa invariancia factorial entre los niños y las niñas a través del análisis factorial confirmatorio multigrupo...