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Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug and a potent muscarinic M3 receptor (M3R) antagonist. Olanzapine has been reported to cause metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Alk), a tyrosine kinase receptor well known in the pathogenesis of cancer, has been recently identified as a key gene in the regulation of thinness via the regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis. This project aimed to investigate whether Olanzapine could modulate the hepatic Alk pathway and lipid metabolism via M3R. Female rats were treated with Olanzapine and/or Cevimeline (an M3R agonist) for 9 weeks. Lipid metabolism and hepatic Alk signaling were analyzed. Nine weeks' treatment of Olanzapine caused metabolic disturbance including increased body mass index (BMI), fat mass accumulation, and abnormal lipid metabolism. Olanzapine treatment also led to an upregulation of Chrm3, Alk, and its regulator Ptprz1, and a downregulation of Lmo4, a transcriptional repressor of Alk in the liver. Moreover, there were positive correlations between Alk and Chrm3, Alk and Ptprz1, and a negative correlation between Alk and Lmo4. However, cotreatment with Cevimeline significantly reversed the lipid metabolic disturbance and adipose tissue accumulation, as well as the upregulation of the hepatic Alk signaling caused by Olanzapine. This study demonstrates evidence that Olanzapine may cause metabolic disturbance by modulating hepatic Alk signaling via M3R, which provides novel insight for modulating the hepatic Alk signaling and potential interventions for targeting metabolic disorders.
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Biological control is a promising approach to enhance pathogen and pest control to ensure high productivity in cash crop production. Therefore, PGPR biofertilizers are very suitable for application in the cultivation of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) and tobacco, but it is rarely reported so far. In this study, production of a consortium of three strains of PGPR were applied to tobacco and tea plants. The results demonstrated that plants treated with PGPR exhibited enhanced resistance against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae (PstDC3000). The significant effect in improving the plant's ability to resist pathogen invasion was verified through measurements of oxygen activity, bacterial colony counts, and expression levels of resistance-related genes (NPR1, PR1, JAZ1, POD etc.). Moreover, the application of PGPR in the tea plantation showed significantly reduced population occurrences of tea green leafhoppers (Empoasca onukii Matsuda), tea thrips (Thysanoptera:Thripidae), Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintanca) and alleviated anthracnose disease in tea seedlings. Therefore, PGPR biofertilizers may serve as a viable biological control method to improve tobacco and tea plant yield and quality. Our findings revealed part of the mechanism by which PGPR helped improve plant biostresses resistance, enabling better application in agricultural production.
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Nicotiana , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Doenças das Plantas , Pseudomonas syringae , Animais , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/prevenção & controle , Nicotiana/microbiologia , Pseudomonas syringae/fisiologia , Controle Biológico de Vetores/métodos , Camellia sinensis/microbiologia , Camellia sinensis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Insetos/microbiologia , Tisanópteros/microbiologia , Resistência à Doença , Desenvolvimento Vegetal , Agentes de Controle Biológico , Hemípteros/microbiologiaRESUMO
Hydrogel-based wound dressings are becoming increasingly important for wound healing. Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been commonly used as wound dressings due to its good in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. However, pure BC does not possess antibacterial properties. In this regard, polycation gel was grafted onto the BC using a surface-initiated activator regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) with subsequent quaternization for antibacterial wound dressing. Dimethylethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was successfully polymerized on the BC surface which was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The morphology structure, specific surface area, pore size, and mechanical properties were also characterized. The quaternized PDMAEMA grafted on the BC endowed it with excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive) with a killing rate of 89.2 % and 93.4 %, respectively. The number of cells was significantly reduced on QPD/BC hydrogel, demonstrating its good anti-adhesion ability. In vitro cellular evaluation revealed that the antibacterial wound dressing exhibited good biocompatibility. Overall, this study provides a feasible method to develop antibacterial and anti-cell adhesive hydrogel, which has a promising potential for wound healing.
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Antibacterianos , Bandagens , Celulose , Escherichia coli , Polieletrólitos , Staphylococcus aureus , Cicatrização , Celulose/química , Celulose/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Polieletrólitos/química , Polieletrólitos/farmacologia , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Poliaminas/química , Poliaminas/farmacologia , Hidrogéis/química , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Animais , Metacrilatos/química , Camundongos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Humanos , NylonsRESUMO
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is a promising therapeutic target in inflammation-related diseases. However, the inhibition of IRAK4 kinase activity may lead to moderate anti-inflammatory efficacy owing to the dual role of IRAK4 as an active kinase and a scaffolding protein. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of an efficient and selective IRAK4 proteolysis-targeting chimeric molecule that eliminates IRAK4 scaffolding functions. The most potent compound, LC-MI-3, effectively degraded cellular IRAK4, with a half-maximal degradation concentration of 47.3 nM. LC-MI-3 effectively inhibited the activation of downstream nuclear factor-κB signaling and exerted more potent pharmacological effects than traditional kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, LC-MI-3 exerted significant therapeutic effects in lipopolysaccharide- and Escherichia coli-induced acute and chronic inflammatory skin models compared with kinase inhibitors in vivo. Therefore, LC-MI-3 is a candidate IRAK4 degrader in alternative targeting strategies and advanced drug development.
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Quinases Associadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1 , Quinases Associadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1/antagonistas & inibidores , Quinases Associadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1/metabolismo , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacocinética , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , NF-kappa B/antagonistas & inibidores , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/síntese química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacocinética , Disponibilidade Biológica , Descoberta de Drogas , Proteólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy is the primary treatment choice for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC). However, its efficacy is compromised due to radioresistance. Ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent regulated cell death induced by Ionizing Radiation (IR), plays a role in promoting cancer cell death. Yet, the relationship between enhanced ferroptosis and increased sensitivity of NPC cells to IR remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the association between IR and ferroptosis in NPC, as well as the role of the ferroptosis repressor SLC7A11 in IR-treated NPC cells. METHODS: CNE1 and HNE-2 NPC cells were subjected to IR treatment. We performed qPCR and western blotting to evaluate the expression of ferroptosis-related genes in both control and IR-treated NPC cells. Additionally, we used the MTT assay to measure the viability of these NPC cells. JC-1 and DCFH-DA staining were employed to assess mitochondrial membrane potential and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels in both control and IR-treated NPC cells. Furthermore, we examined the levels of Fe2+, Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced Glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in these cells. Moreover, we depleted SLC7A11 in IR-treated NPC cells to investigate its impact on the ferroptosis of these cells. RESULTS: IR upregulated the expression of ferroptosis-related genes, including SLC7A11, ACSL4, COX2, FTH1, and GPX4, in CNE1 and HNE-2 cells. IR treatment also resulted in decreased cell viability, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS levels, altered glutathione levels, and elevated Fe2+ levels. Knockdown of SLC7A11 enhanced the sensitivity of NPC cells to IR. CONCLUSION: IR may induce ferroptosis in NPC cells, and stimulating ferroptosis could potentially serve as a therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of IR in treating NPC patients.
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Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos , Ferroptose , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas , Radiação Ionizante , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Humanos , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/radioterapia , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/genética , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/metabolismo , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/patologia , Ferroptose/efeitos da radiação , Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos/genética , Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/genética , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Tolerância a Radiação , Potencial da Membrana Mitocondrial/efeitos da radiação , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
Photoactivable chemotherapy (PACT) using metallic complexes provides spatiotemporal selectivity over drug activation for targeted anticancer therapy. However, the poor absorption in near-infrared (NIR) light region of most metallic complexes renders tissue penetration challenging. Herein, an NIR light triggered dinuclear photoactivable Ru(II) complex (Ru2) is presented and the antitumor mechanism is comprehensively investigated. The introduction of a donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) linker greatly enhances the intramolecular charge transition, resulting in a high molar extinction coefficient in the NIR region with an extended triplet excited state lifetime. Most importantly, when activated by 700 nm NIR light, Ru2 exhibits unique slow photodissociation kinetics that facilitates synergistic photosensitization and photocatalytic activity to destroy diverse intracellular biomolecules. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that when activated by 700 nm NIR light, Ru2 exhibits nanomolar photocytotoxicity toward 4T1 cancer cells via the induction of calcium overload and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. These findings provide a robust foundation for the development of NIR-activated Ru(II) PACT complexes for phototherapeutic application.
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Bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogels are promising medical biomaterials that have been widely used for tissue repair, wound healing and cartilage engineering. However, the high water content of BC hydrogels increases the difficulty of storage and transportation. Moreover, they will lose their original hydrogel structure after dehydration, which severely limits their practical applications. Introducing the bio-based polyelectrolytes is expected to solve this problem. Here, we modified BC and combined it with quaternized chitosan (QCS) via a chemical reaction to obtain a dehydrated dialdehyde bacterial cellulose/quaternized chitosan (DBC/QCS) hydrogel with repeated swelling behavior and good antibacterial properties. The hydrogel can recover the initial state on the macro scale with a swelling ratio over 1000 % and possesses excellent antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with a killing rate of 80.8 % and 81.3 %, respectively. In addition, the hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, which is conducive to the stretching of L929 cells. After 14 d of in vivo wound modeling in rats, it was found that the hydrogel loaded with pirfenidone (PFD) could promote collagen deposition and accelerate wound healing with scar prevention. This rehydratable hydrogel can be stored and transported under dry conditions, which is promising for practical applications.
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Antibacterianos , Celulose , Escherichia coli , Hidrogéis , Staphylococcus aureus , Cicatrização , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Hidrogéis/química , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Ratos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Celulose/química , Celulose/farmacologia , Celulose/análogos & derivados , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Quitosana/química , Quitosana/farmacologia , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular , Masculino , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologiaRESUMO
Glaucoma valves (GVs) play an essential role in treating glaucoma. However, fibrosis after implantation has limited their long-term success in clinical applications. In this study, we aimed to develop a comprehensive surface-engineering strategy to improve the biocompatibility of GVs by constructing a microenvironment-regulated and dual-hydrophilic antifouling coating on a GV material (silicone rubber, SR). The coating was based on a superhydrophilic polydopamine (SPD) coating with good short-range superhydrophilicity and antifouling abilities. In addition, SPD coatings contain many phenolic hydroxyl groups that can effectively resist oxidative stress and the inflammatory microenvironment. Furthermore, based on its in situ photocatalytic free-radical polymerization properties, the SPD coating polymerized poly 2-methylacryloxyethylphosphocholine, providing an additional long-range hydrophilic and antifouling effect. The in vitro test results showed that the microenvironment-regulated and dual-hydrophilic coatings had anti-protein contamination, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-fiber proliferation capabilities. The in vivo test results indicated that this coating substantially reduced the fiber encapsulation formation of the SR material by inhibiting inflammation and fibrosis. This design strategy for dual hydrophilic coatings with microenvironmental regulation can provide a valuable reference for the surface engineering design of novel medical implantable devices. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Superhydrophilic polydopamine (SPD) coatings were prepared on silicone rubber (SR) by a two-electron oxidation method. Introduction of pMPC to SPD surface using photocatalytic radical polymerization to obtain a dual-hydrophilic coating. The dual-hydrophilic coating effectively modulates the oxidative and inflammatory microenvironment. This coating significantly reduced protein contamination and adhesion of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts in vitro. The coating-modified SR inhibits inflammatory and fibrosis responses in vivo, promising to serve the glaucoma valves.
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Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis , Implantes para Drenagem de Glaucoma , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Polímeros , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Animais , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacologia , Indóis/química , Indóis/farmacologia , Propriedades de Superfície , Humanos , Glaucoma/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Stroke is a prevalent disease with a significant global impact. Effective assessment of stroke severity is vital for an accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and optimal clinical outcomes. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a widely used scale for quantitatively assessing stroke severity. However, the current manual scoring of NIHSS is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and sometimes unreliable. Applying artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to automate the quantitative assessment of stroke on vast amounts of electronic health records (EHRs) has attracted much interest. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop an automatic, quantitative stroke severity assessment framework through automating the entire NIHSS scoring process on Chinese clinical EHRs. METHODS: Our approach consists of two major parts: Chinese clinical named entity recognition (CNER) with a domain-adaptive pre-trained large language model (LLM) and automated NIHSS scoring. To build a high-performing CNER model, we first construct a stroke-specific, densely annotated dataset "Chinese Stroke Clinical Records" (CSCR) from EHRs provided by our partner hospital, based on a stroke ontology that defines semantically related entities for stroke assessment. We then pre-train a Chinese clinical LLM coined "CliRoberta" through domain-adaptive transfer learning and construct a deep learning-based CNER model that can accurately extract entities directly from Chinese EHRs. Finally, an automated, end-to-end NIHSS scoring pipeline is proposed by mapping the extracted entities to relevant NIHSS items and values, to quantitatively assess the stroke severity. RESULTS: Results obtained on a benchmark dataset CCKS2019 and our newly created CSCR dataset demonstrate the superior performance of our domain-adaptive pre-trained LLM and the CNER model, compared with the existing benchmark LLMs and CNER models. The high F1 score of 0.990 ensures the reliability of our model in accurately extracting the entities for the subsequent automatic NIHSS scoring. Subsequently, our automated, end-to-end NIHSS scoring approach achieved excellent inter-rater agreement (0.823) and intraclass consistency (0.986) with the ground truth and significantly reduced the processing time from minutes to a few seconds. CONCLUSION: Our proposed automatic and quantitative framework for assessing stroke severity demonstrates exceptional performance and reliability through directly scoring the NIHSS from diagnostic notes in Chinese clinical EHRs. Moreover, this study also contributes a new clinical dataset, a pre-trained clinical LLM, and an effective deep learning-based CNER model. The deployment of these advanced algorithms can improve the accuracy and efficiency of clinical assessment, and help improve the quality, affordability and productivity of healthcare services.
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Inteligência Artificial , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Processamento de Linguagem Natural , Idioma , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde , ChinaRESUMO
Fiber crossbars, an emerging electronic device, have become the most promising basic unit for advanced smart textiles. The demand for highly sensitive fiber crossbar sensors (FCSs) in wearable electronics is increased. However, the unique structure of FCSs presents challenges in replicating existing sensitivity enhancement strategies. Aiming at the sensitivity of fiber crossbar sensors, a second-order synergistic strategy is proposed that combines air capacitance and equipotential bodies, resulting in a remarkable sensitivity enhancement of over 20 times for FCSs. This strategy offers a promising avenue for the design and fabrication of FCSs that do not depend on intricate microstructures. Furthermore, the integrative structure of core-sheath fibers ensures a robust interface, leading to a low hysteresis of only 2.33% and exceptional stability. The outstanding capacitive response performance of FCSs allows them to effectively capture weak signals such as pulses and sounds. This capability opens up possibilities for the application of FCSs in personalized health management, as demonstrated by wireless monitoring systems based on pulse signals.
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Wilderness adventure favored by many enthusiasts often endanger lives due to lacking freshwater or drinking contaminated water. Therefore, compared to the inefficient methods of filtration, steaming, and direct solar heating, it is of great meaningfulness to develop a solar-driven water purification device with efficiency, lightweight, portability, and multi-water-quality purification by taking full advantage of solar-driven interfacial evaporation. Here, a tent-inspired portable solar-driven water purification device consisting of Janus-structured bacterial cellulose aerogel (JBCA) solar evaporator and tent-type condensation recovery device is reported. For the JBCA solar evaporator, it is prepared from biomass bacterial cellulose (BC) as raw material and hydroxylated carbon nanotubes (HCNT) as photothermal material, and the Janus property is achieved by the assistance of hydrophobic and hydrophilic chemical cross-linking. It exhibits lightweight, unibody, high photothermal conversion, efficient evaporation, and multi-water-quality purification capability for representative seawater, urine, and bacterial river water. For the tent-type condensation recovery device, it is based on the prototype of tent and uses flexible ultra-transparent polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film as raw material. Thanks to the rational prototype and material selection, it displays outstanding portability and lightweight through the folding/unfolding method. Therefore, the designed tent-inspired portable solar-driven water purification device demonstrates great potential application in wilderness exploration.
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PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to examine changes in testicular stiffness at various intervals after the induction of testicular torsion, as well as to assess the predictive value of testicular stiffness for testicular spermatogenesis after torsion. METHODS: Sixty healthy male rabbits were randomly assigned to one of three groups: complete testicular torsion, incomplete testicular torsion, or control. All rabbits underwent preoperative and postoperative scrotal ultrasonography, including shear wave elastography (SWE), at predetermined intervals. Changes in SWE values were analyzed and compared using repeatedmeasures analysis of variance. To assess the diagnostic performance of SWE in determining the degree of spermatogenic function impairment, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were calculated. RESULTS: SWE measurements in both central and peripheral zones of the testicular parenchyma affected by torsion demonstrated significant negative correlations with spermatogenesis, with coefficients of r=-0.759 (P<0.001) and r=-0.696 (P<0.001), respectively. The AUCs of SWE measurements in the central or peripheral zones of the torsed testicular parenchyma were 0.886 (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 100%) and 0.824 (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 73.3%) for distinguishing between hypospermatogenesis and spermatogenic arrest, respectively (P=0.451, DeLong test). CONCLUSION: Variations in the stiffness of both central and peripheral regions of the testicular parenchyma correlate with the extent and duration of torsion, exhibiting a specific pattern. The "stiff ring sign" is the characteristic SWE finding associated with testicular torsion. SWE appears to aid in the non-invasive determination of the extent of spermatogenic damage in torsed testes.
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Significant untapped energy exists within low-grade heat sources and salinity gradients. Traditional nanofluidic membranes exhibit inherent limitations, including low ion selectivity, high internal resistance, reliance on nonrenewable resources, and instability in aqueous solutions, invariably constraining their practical application. Here, an innovative composite membrane-based nanofluidic system is reported, involving the strategy of integrating tailor-modified bacterial nanofibers with boron nitride nanosheets, enabling high surface charge densities while maintaining a delicate balance between ion selectivity and permeability, ultimately facilitating effective thermo-osmotic energy harvesting. The device exhibits an impressive output power density of 10 W m-2 with artificial seawater and river water at a 50 K temperature gradient. Furthermore, it demonstrates robust power density stability under prolonged exposure to salinity gradients or even at elevated temperatures. This work opens new avenues for the development of nanofluidic systems utilizing composite materials and presents promising solutions for low-grade heat recovery and osmotic energy harvesting.
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The potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) is an obligate root pathogen of potatoes. G. rostochiensis encodes several highly expanded effector gene families, including the Gr4D06 family; however, little is known about the function of this effector family. We cloned four 29D09 genes from G. rostochiensis (named Gr29D09v1/v2/v3/v4) that share high sequence similarity and are homologous to the Hg29D09 and Hg4D06 effector genes from the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Gr29D09 genes belong to a subgroup of the Gr4D06 family. We showed that Gr29D09 genes are expressed exclusively within the nematode's dorsal gland cell and are dramatically upregulated in parasitic stages, indicating involvement of Gr29D09 effectors in nematode parasitism. Transgenic potato lines overexpressing Gr29D09 variants showed increased susceptibility to G. rostochiensis. Transient expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana demonstrated that Gr29D09v3 could suppress reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and defense gene expression induced by flg22 and cell death mediated by immune receptors. These results suggest a critical role of Gr29D09 effectors in defense suppression. The use of affinity purification coupled with nanoliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry identified potato hexokinase 1 (StHXK1) as a candidate target of Gr29D09. The Gr29D09-StHXK1 interaction was further confirmed using in planta protein-protein interaction assays. Plant HXKs have been implicated in defense regulation against pathogen infection. Interestingly, we found that StHXK1 could enhance flg22-induced ROS production, consistent with a positive role of plant HXKs in defense. Altogether, our results suggest that targeting StHXK1 by Gr29D09 effectors may impair the positive function of StHXK1 in plant immunity, thereby aiding nematode parasitism. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Nematoides , Solanum tuberosum , Tylenchoidea , Animais , Hexoquinase/genética , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Filogenia , Proteínas/genética , Tylenchoidea/fisiologiaRESUMO
As one of the important directions of solar energy utilization, the construction of composite photothermal phase change materials (PCM) with reasonable network support and low leakage in the simple method is important to solve the transient availability of solar energy and achieve long-lasting energy output. Here, a multifunctional silylated bacterial cellulose (BC)/hydroxylated carbon nanotube (HCNT)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) (SBTP) photothermal film-based PCM with cross-linked network structure is prepared by simple one-step synthesis. The formation of the cross-linked network structure achieves the enhancement of BC support network, prominent dispersion of HCNT and the direct introduction and perfect interlocking of PEG. Therefore, the optimal SBTP film exhibits high thermal enthalpy of 145.1 J g-1, enthalpy efficiency of over 94%, robust shape stability and low leakage of <1.2%. It also displays high photothermal conversion of over 80 °C, photothermal storage of 394 s g-1 and excellent stability. Thus, it can demonstrate a maximum output voltage of 423 mV and high power density of 30.26 W m-2 under three solar irradiations when applied in the solar-thermal-electric energy conversion field. Meanwhile, it also can apply in the thermal management of solar cell and light-emitting diode (LED) chip, and convert the waste heat into electricity, demonstrating multi-scene application capability.
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The rapid development of artificial intelligent wearable devices has led to an increasing need for seamless information exchange between humans, machines, and virtual spaces, often relying on touch sensors as the primary interaction medium. Additionally, the demand for underwater detection technologies is on the rise owing to the prevalent wet and submerged environment. Here, a fiber-based capacitive sensor with superior stretchability and hydrophobicity is proposed, designed to cater to noncontact and underwater applications. The sensor is constructed using bacterial cellulose (BC)@BC/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (BBT) helical fiber as the matrix and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as the hydrophobic modified agent, forming a hydrophobic silylated BC@BC/CNT (SBBT) helical fiber by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. These fibers exhibit an impressive contact angle of 132.8°. The SBBT helicalfiber-based capacitive sensor presents capabilities for both noncontact and underwater sensing, which exhibits a significant capacitance change of -0.27 (at a distance of 0.5 cm). We have achieved interactive control between real space and virtual space through intelligent data analysis technology with minimal interference from the presence of water. This work has laid a solid foundation of noncontact sensing with attributes such as degradability, stretchability, and hydrophobicity. Moreover, it offers promising solutions for barrier-free communication in virtual reality (VR) and underwater applications, providing avenues for smart human-machine interfaces for submerged use.
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Nanotubos de Carbono , Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Humanos , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Celulose , TatoRESUMO
Low-grade heat exists ubiquitously in the environment, and gel-state thermogalvanic cells (GTCs) can directly convert thermal energy into electricity by a redox reaction. However, their low ionic conductivity and poor mechanical properties are still insufficient for their potential applications. Here, we designed a bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofiber-macromolecular entanglement network to balance the GTC's thermopower and mechanical properties. Therefore, the BC-GTC shows a Seebeck coefficient of 3.84 mV K-1, an ionic conductivity of 108.5 mS cm-1, and a high specific output power density of 1760 µW m-2 K-2, which are much higher than most current literature. Further connecting 15 units of BC-GTCs, the output voltage of 3.35 V can be obtained at a temperature gradient of 65 K, which can directly power electronic devices such as electronic calculators, thermohydrometers, fans, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This work offers a promising method for developing high-performance and durable GTC in sustainable green energy.
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Capacitive pressure sensors play an important role in the field of flexible electronics. Despite significant advances in two-dimensional (2D) soft pressure sensors, one-dimensional (1D) fiber electronics are still struggling. Due to differences in structure, the theoretical research of 2D sensors has difficulty guiding the design of 1D sensors. The multiple response factors of 1D sensors and the capacitive response mechanism have not been explored. Fiber sensors urgently need a tailor-made theoretical research and development path. In this regard, we established a fiber pressure-sensing platform using a coaxial wet spinning process. Aiming at the two problems of the soft electrode modulus and dielectric layer thickness, the conclusions are drawn from three aspects: model analysis, experimental verification, and formula derivation. It makes up some theoretical blanks of capacitive fiber pressure sensors. Through the self-regulation of these two factors without a complex structural design, the sensitivity can be significantly improved. This provides a great reference for the design and development of fiber pressure sensors. Besides, taking advantage of the scalability and easy integration of 1D electronics, multipoint sensors prepared by fibers have verified their application potential in health monitoring, human-machine interface, and motion behavior analysis.
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Self-healing hydrogel products have attracted a great deal of interest in wound healing due to their ability to repair their own structural damage. Herein, an all-natural self-healing hydrogel based on methacrylated chitosan (CSMA) and dialdehyde bacterial cellulose (DABC) is developed. MA is used to modify CS and obtain water-soluble biomaterial-based CSMA with photo crosslinking effects. BC is modified through a simple oxidation method to gain dialdehyde on the polymer chain. The success of the modification is confirmed via FTIR. Hydrogels are formed within 11 min through the establishment of a Schiff base between the amino of CSMA and the aldehyde of DABC. A dynamically reversible Schiff base bond endows hydrogel with good self-healing properties through macroscopic and microscopic observations. We observe the uniform and porous structure in the hydrogel using SEM images, and DABC nanofibers are found to be well distributed in the hydrogel. The compressive strength of the hydrogel is more than 20 kPa and the swelling rate sees over a 10-fold increase. In addition, the CSMA/DABC hydrogel has good cytocompatibility, with cell viability exceeding 90%. These results indicate that the all-natural self-healable CSMA/DABC hydrogel demonstrates strong application potential in wound healing and tissue repair.