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BACKGROUND: Physician modified endografts (PMEGs) have been widely used in the treatment of complex abdominal aortic aneurysm and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm, however, previous data are limited to small single center studies and robust data on safety and effectiveness of PMEGs are lacking. We aimed to perform an international multicenter study analyzing the outcomes of PMEGs in complex abdominal aortic aneurysms and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. METHODS: An international multicenter single-arm cohort study was performed analyzing the outcomes of PMEGs in the treatment of elective, symptomatic, and ruptured complex abdominal aortic aneurysms and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. Variables and outcomes were defined according to the Society for Vascular Surgery reporting standards. Device modification and procedure details were collected and analyzed. Efficacy outcomes included technical success and safety outcomes included major adverse events and 30-day mortality. Follow-up outcomes included reinterventions, endoleaks, target vessel patency rates and overall and aortic-related mortality. Multivariable analysis was performed aiming at identifying predictors of technical success, 30-day mortality, and major adverse events. RESULTS: Overall, 1274 patients were included in the study from 19 centers. Median age was 74 (IQR, 68-79), and 75.7% were men; 45.7% were complex abdominal aortic aneurysms, and 54.3% were thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms; 65.5% patients presented electively, 24.6% were symptomatic, and 9.9% were ruptured. Most patients (83.1%) were submitted to a fenestrated repair, 3.6% to branched repair, and 13.4% to a combined fenestrated and branched repair. Most patients (85.8%) had ≥3 target vessels included. The overall technical success was 94% (94% in elective, 93.4% in symptomatic, and 95.1% in ruptured cases). Thirty-day mortality was 5.8% (4.1% in elective, 7.6% in symptomatic, and 12.7% in ruptured aneurysms). Major adverse events occurred in 25.2% of cases (23.1% in elective, 27.8% in symptomatic, and 30.3% in ruptured aneurysms). Median follow-up was 21 months (5.6-50.6). Freedom from reintervention was 73.8%, 61.8%, and 51.4% at 1, 3, and 5 years; primary target vessel patency was 96.9%, 93.6%, and 90.3%. Overall survival and freedom from aortic-related mortality was 82.4%/92.9%, 69.9%/91.6%, and 55.0%/89.1% at 1, 3, and 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: PMEGs were a safe and effective treatment option for elective, symptomatic, and ruptured complex aortic aneurysms. Long-term data and future prospective studies are needed for more robust and detailed analysis.
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Pre-op spinal arterial mapping is crucial for complex aortic repair. This study explores the utility of non-selective cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for pre-operative spinal arterial mapping to identify the Adamkiewicz artery (AKA) in patients undergoing open or endovascular repair of the descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta at risk of spinal cord ischemia. Pre-operative non-selective dual-phase CBCT after intra-aortic contrast injection was performed in the aortic segment to be treated. The origin of detected AKA was assessed based on image fusion between CBCT and pre-interventional computed tomography angiography. Then, the CBCT findings were compared with the incidence of postoperative spinal cord ischemia (SCI). Among 21 included patients (median age: 68 years, 20 men), AKA was detected in 67% within the explored field of view, predominantly from T7 to L1 intercostal and lumbar arteries. SCI occurred in 14%, but none when AKA was not detected (p < 0.01). Non-selective CBCT for AKA mapping is deemed safe and feasible, with potential predictive value for post-surgical spinal cord ischemia risk. The study concludes that non-selective aortic CBCT is a safe and feasible method for spinal arterial mapping, providing promising insights into predicting post-surgical SCI risk.
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The optimal surgical treatment for extended thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) is still a matter of debate. The historical treatment is open repair (OR), but over the past fifteen years, endovascular strategies have gained widespread acceptance. Although several endovascular techniques have been described for the treatment of TAAAs, fenestrated and branched stent grafts (F/BEVARs) are the most frequently used and best documented. They have become the first-line treatment for both high- and moderate-risk surgical patients in most vascular centers. However, no randomized study comparing OR and F/BEVAR has been published, and decision-making is mainly based on the physician's preference and/or hospital expertise. The objective of this manuscript is to provide an overview of current comparative data for OR and F/BEVAR.
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BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative morbi-mortality and medium-term follow-up of fenestrated stent grafting and open repair (OR) for patients with juxtarenal aortic aneurysms (JRAAs). METHODS: All consecutive patients who underwent custom-made fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (FEVAR) or OR for complex abdominal aortic aneurysm between 2005 and 2017 in 2 tertiary centers were scrutinized. Patients with JRAA constituted the study group. Suprarenal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms were excluded. The groups were made comparable through the use of a propensity score matching. RESULTS: 277 patients with JRAAs were included, 102 (36.8%) in the FEVAR group and 175 (63.2%) in the OR group, respectively. After propensity score matching, 54 FEVAR patients (52.9%) and 103 OR patients (58.9%) were included for analysis. In-hospital mortality rates were 1.9% (n = 1) in the FEVAR group versus 6.9% (n = 7) in the OR group (P = 0.483). Postoperative complications were less common in the FEVAR group (14.8% vs. 30.7%; P = 0.033). Mean follow-up was 42.1 months in the FEVAR group and 40 months in the OR group. Overall mortality rates at 12 and 36 months were 11.5% and 24.5% in the FEVAR group versus 9.1 % (P = 0.691) and 11.6% (P = 0.067) in the OR group. Late reinterventions were more frequent in the FEVAR group (11.3% vs. 2.9%; P = 0.047). However, freedom from reintervention rates were not significantly different at 12 months (FEVAR: 86% vs. OR: 90%; P = 0.560) and 36 months (FEVAR: 86% vs. OR: 88.4%, P = 0.690). In the FEVAR group, persistent endoleak during follow-up was identified in 11.3% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, there was no statistical difference in terms of mortality in-hospital at 12 or 36 months between FEVAR and OR groups for JRAA. FEVAR for JRAA was associated with a significant reduction of overall postoperative major complications compared with OR. There were significantly more late reinterventions in the FEVAR group.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Humanos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Pontuação de Propensão , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/terapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To assess midterm results of physician-modified stent grafts (PMSG) for the treatment of emergent complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) in high-risk patients. METHODS: All consecutive patients with emergent complex abdominal or TAAA undergoing PMSG technique between January 2012 and July 2019 were retrospectively included. Indications for PMSG were symptomatic aneurysms and rapidly growing aneurysms >70 mm. Ruptured aneurysms were excluded. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients (mean age: 74 +/- 11 years) were included. The mean aneurysm diameter was 76 +- 20 mm. Patients presented with TAAA (n = 20, 61%), complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (CAAA, n = 9, 27%), type I endoleak after previous endovascular aneurysm repair (n = 3, 9%) and intramural aortic hematoma (n = 1, 3%). Chimney technique was performed in addition to PMSG in seven cases (21%). Intraoperative adverse events were recorded in seven cases (35%) in the TAAA group and one case (11%) in the CAAA group. In-hospital mortality rate was 15% (n = 3) in the TAAA group and 11% (n = 1) in the CAAA group. Moderate to severe complications were recorded in 45% of cases (n = 15). Spinal cord ischemia occurred in two cases (6%, one case without residual deficit and one with minor motor deficit). One (3%) patient required transient hemodialysis. One patient presented with early aortic rupture and required an open conversion. The mean follow-up duration was 31 months (1-79). Overall survival estimates were 81.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63.1.-91.2) at 1 year and 71.6% (95% CI: 52.6-84.1) at 2 years. Freedom from reintervention rates at 1 and 2 years were 61.2% (95% CI: 41.7-75.9) and 57.4% (95% CI: 37.9-72.8). Target vessel primary patency rates at 1 and 2 years were 99.2% (95% CI: 94.2-99.9) and 97.7% (95% CI: 90.7-99.4). CONCLUSIONS: PMSG for high-risk patients with complex aneurysms provided acceptable technical success and excellent target vessel patency rates but were associated with a 12% in-hospital mortality rate. Reinterventions were frequent. This technique should be limited to selected high-risk patients for whom the risk of rupture in the short-term is deemed too high to wait for graft manufacturing of custom-made device.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica , Aneurisma da Aorta Toracoabdominal , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Prótese Vascular , Stents , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Desenho de Prótese , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare various fenestration configurations of physician modified aortic stent grafts in order to identify which design parameters have a significant influence on the mechanical behaviour of the fenestration. METHODS: the fenestration configurations were considered according to different manufacturing parameters: cutting technique, fenestration reinforcement, suture material, reinforcement loop design, and number of suture points. The performance of the graft/bridging stent assembly was assessed at various levels: (1) branch pull out force; (2) fenestration enlargement and rupture strength; (3) balloon angioplasty resistance; and (4) behaviour under cyclic fatigue. RESULTS: Sixty manual fenestrations were created. The tests performed on the fenestrations had several main findings. First, reinforcement increased the radial force on the branch, which increased the pull out force; this may limit migration of the bridging stent in vivo. The phenomenon was amplified with a snare reinforced fenestration, which seemed to be the most efficient. Moreover, increasing the number of suture passes also appeared to increase the branch extraction force securing the assembly. The enlargement tests showed that non-reinforced fenestrations had the weakest radial strength. This was confirmed with the balloon angioplasty test, which showed that these latter specimens undergo the most significant textile degradation. After fatigue tests, all fenestrations were larger, showing that elastic recoil was incomplete in all samples. The largest recoil was observed in the non-reinforced ophthalmological cautery (OC) fenestrations (40%). Regarding the behaviour of the samples up to rupture, all samples behaved in a similar way; however, the double loop fenestration strength level was the highest. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the snare double loop reinforcement has an advantage regarding durability of the graft branch assembly. Moreover, non-reinforced fenestrations show signs of weakness and lack of stability, which questions the in situ or laser fenestration procedures.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Médicos , Humanos , Prótese Vascular , Desenho de Prótese , Stents , Resultado do Tratamento , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 infection is associated not only with venous thromboses but also with arterial thromboses (COV-ATs) in relation with an endothelial dysfunction, a coagulopathy and rhythm disorders. The incidence, the topography, and the prognosis of COV-ATs remain poorly known. The objective of this study was to report the overall experience of the Greater Paris University Hospitals (Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, AP-HP) during the first pandemic wave of COVID-19 infection. METHODS: After approval by the ethics committee, a study using the AP-HP clinical data warehouse was carried out between March and May 2020. Overall, 124,609 patients had a polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19 in our hospitals, of which 25,345 were positive. From 20,710 exploitable stays, patients tested positive for COVID who presented an episode of acute COV-AT (except coronary and intracranial arteries) were selected on the basis of the French medical classification for clinical procedures codes. The data are presented as absolute values with percentages and/or means with standard deviation. RESULTS: Over the studied period, 60 patients (aged 71±14 years, 42 men) presented a COV-AT at the time of their hospitalization, an incidence of 0.2%. The arterial complication occurred 3±7 days after the COVID infection and was inaugural in 30% of the cases (n = 18). The sites of COV-AT were the lower extremities (n = 35%, 58%), the abdominal aorta (n = 10%, 17%), the thoracic aorta (n = 7%, 12%), the upper limbs (n = 7%, 12%), the cerebral arteries (n = 7%, 12%), the digestive arteries (n = 6%, 10%), the renal arteries (n = 2%, 3%), and the ophthalmic artery (n = 1%, 2%). Multiple COV-ATs were observed in 13 patients (22%). At the time of diagnosis, 20 (33%) patients were in intensive care, including six (10%) patients who were intubated. On computed tomography angiography, COVID lesions were classified as moderate and severe in 25 (42%) and 21 (35%) cases, respectively. Revascularization was attempted in 27 patients (45%), by open surgery in 16 cases, using endovascular techniques in 8 cases and with a hybrid approach in three cases. Six patients (22%) required reinterventions. The duration of hospitalization was 12±9 days. Early mortality (in-hospital or at 30 days) was 30% (n = 18). Nine (15%) patients presented severe nonlethal ischemic complications. CONCLUSIONS: Arterial involvement is rare during COVID-19 infection. The aorta and the arteries of the limbs are the privileged sites. The morbi-mortality of these patients is high. Future studies will have to determine if the systematization of anticoagulation therapy decreases the incidence and the severity of the condition.
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COVID-19 , Trombose , Masculino , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Resultado do Tratamento , Trombose/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose/epidemiologia , Trombose/terapia , ArtériasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Mycotic/infective native aortic aneurysms (INAA) are managed heterogeneously. In the context of disparate literature, this study aimed to assess the outcomes of INAA surgical management and provide comprehensive data in alignment with recent suggestions for reporting standards. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients presenting with INAA from September 2002 to March 2020 at two institutions was conducted. In hospital mortality, 90 day mortality, overall mortality, and infection related complications (IRCs) were the study endpoints. Overall survival and IRC free survival were estimated, and predictors of mortality tested using uni- and multivariable analyses. RESULTS: Seventy patients (60 men [86%], median age 68 years [range 59 - 76 years]) were included. Twenty (29%) were ruptured at presentation. INAA location was thoracic in 11 (16%) cases, thoraco-abdominal in seven (10%), and abdominal in 50 (71%). Half of the abdominal INAAs were suprarenal. Two INAAs were concomitantly abdominal and thoracic. Pathogens were identified in 83%. The bacterial spectrum was scattered, with rare Salmonella species (n = 6; 9%). Open surgical repair was performed in 66 (94%) patients, including five conversions of initially attempted endovascular grafts (EVAR), three hybrid procedures, and one palliative EVAR. Vascular substitutes were cryopreserved arterial allografts (n = 67; 96%), prosthesis (n = 2), or femoral veins (n = 1). Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival at 30 and 90 days were 87% (95% confidence interval [CI] 76.6 - 93.0) and 71.7% (95% CI 59.2 - 80.9), respectively. The overall in hospital mortality rate was 27.9% (95% CI 1.8 - 66.5). IRCs occurred in seven (10%) patients. The median follow up period was 26.5 months (range 13.0-66.0 months). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was independently related to in hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 20.7, 95% CI 1.8 - 232.7). American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 3 (OR 6.0, 95% CI 1.1 - 33.9), 4 (OR 14.9, 95% CI 1.7 - 129.3), and CKD (OR 32.0, 95% CI 1.2 - 821.5) were related to 90 day mortality. CONCLUSION: Surgical INAA management has significant mortality and a low re-infection rate. EVAR necessitated secondary open repair, but its limited use in this report did not allow conclusions to be drawn.
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Aneurisma Infectado , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Idoso , Aloenxertos/cirurgia , Aneurisma Infectado/microbiologia , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To perform a scoping review of how patients with COVID-19 are affected by acute limb ischaemia (ALI) and evaluate the recommendations of the 2020 ESVS ALI Guidelines for these patients. METHODS: Research questions were defined, and a systematic literature search was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. Abstracts and unpublished literature were not included. The definition of ALI in this review is in accordance with the ESVS guidelines. RESULTS: Most identified papers were case reports or case series, although population based data and data from randomised controlled trials were also identified. In total, 114 unique and relevant papers were retrieved. Data were conflicting concerning whether the incidence of ALI increased, or remained unchanged, during the pandemic. Case reports and series reported ALI in patients who were younger and healthier than usual, with a greater proportion affecting the upper limb. Whether or not this is coincidental remains uncertain. The proportion of men/women affected seems unchanged. Most reported cases were in hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19. Patients with ALI as their first manifestation of COVID-19 were reported. Patients with ALI have a worse outcome if they have a simultaneous COVID-19 infection. High levels of D-dimer may predict the occurrence of arterial thromboembolic events in patients with COVID-19. Heparin resistance was observed. Anticoagulation should be given to hospitalised COVID-19 patients in prophylactic dosage. Most of the treatment recommendations from the ESVS Guidelines remained relevant, but the following were modified regarding patients with COVID-19 and ALI: 1) CTA imaging before revascularisation should include the entire aorta and iliac arteries; 2) there should be a high index of suspicion, early testing for COVID-19 infection and protective measures are advised; and 3) there should be preferential use of local or locoregional anaesthesia during revascularisation. CONCLUSION: Although the epidemiology of ALI has changed during the pandemic, the recommendations of the ESVS ALI Guidelines remain valid. The above mentioned minor modifications should be considered in patients with COVID-19 and ALI.
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COVID-19/virologia , Isquemia/cirurgia , Doença Arterial Periférica/cirurgia , SARS-CoV-2/patogenicidade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/normas , Teste para COVID-19/métodos , Humanos , Isquemia/complicaçõesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to describe initial outcomes of physician modified stent grafts using antegrade laser fenestrations and image fusion guidance (LEVAR) and company manufactured custom made (CM) stent grafts for the treatment of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (CAAAs), thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) and type I endoleaks (T1ELs). METHODS: This was a retrospective single centre study. All LEVAR and Zenith (Cook) CM stent graft procedures between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2018 were reviewed. Endpoints included intra-operative adverse events (IOAEs), in hospital mortality, re-interventions, target vessel patency, and 12 month outcomes (overall survival, freedom from re-intervention, target vessel patency). Outcomes at 12 months were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A hundred patients were identified and included in the study. All patients were deemed unfit for open repair. The cohort included 22 LEVAR and 78 CM stent grafts. LEVAR cases included painful aneurysms (n = 5), > 65 mm aneurysms (n = 10), anatomical constrains and/or presence of previous renal stents (n = 7) or cases declined by the manufacturer planning centre (n = 2). IOAEs were recorded in 41% of cases (n = 9) in the LEVAR group vs. 10% (n = 8, p = .002) in the CM group. The in hospital mortality rate in the LEVAR group was 9% (n = 2) vs. 4% (n = 3, p = .30) in the CM group. The median follow up duration was 22 months (7 - 38) in the LEVAR group and 28 months (11 - 78) in the CM group. The estimate of overall survival at one year was 91% in both groups. The freedom from re-intervention rate at one year was 58% in the LEVAR group vs. 87% in the CM group. The target vessel patency rates at one year were 95% in both groups. CONCLUSION: In high risk patients deemed unfit for open repair, LEVAR may provide satisfactory 12 month overall survival and target vessel patency rates, though reported IOAE, mortality, and re-interventions rates were high thus requiring close and extensive follow up.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Prótese Vascular , Endoleak/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Endoleak/etiologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Feminino , Fluoroscopia , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/etiologia , Terapia a Laser , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Imagem Multimodal , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Stents/efeitos adversos , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador , Taxa de Sobrevida , Grau de Desobstrução VascularRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Physician modified stent grafts (PMSGs) present satisfactory results in selected cases of complex aortic pathologies. However, the technique lacks standardisation and depends on the surgeon and aortic segment. The aim of this article is to review comprehensively the technical details and clinical results of PMSGs related to patients with pathology in all aortic locations. METHODS: A MEDLINE search (last search 20 April 2020) identified 20 relevant papers in the English language published over the last 20 years evaluating clinical outcomes after a PMSG and specifying the technical details to design it. RESULTS: Seven hundred and eleven patients were included in the analyses, with 59% being operated on as an emergency. Ninety-two per cent of abdominal aortic segment PMSGs (A-PMSGs) were performed either as an emergency or before 2012. The main indications were available in 670 cases; 435 were degenerative aneurysms (64.9%) and 171 were aortic dissections (25.5%). Most of the endografts used were composed of polyethylene terephthalate, except for the Ankura (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene [Lifetech Scientific, Shenzhen, China]; n = 50, 7.5%). The Valiant (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) represented 65% (n = 169) of aortic arch PMSGs (aa-PMSGs) and the Zenith platform (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN, USA) 51% (n = 139) of A-PMSGs. A snare was used to reinforce the fenestration in 458 PMSGs (66%) and a cautery device cut the fenestration in 484 (75%) PMSGs. No bridging stent was used in 47 (7.0%) PMSGs (these aa-PMSGs had large fenestrations). Technical success ranged from 87.5% to 100% and 30 day mortality from 0% to 8%. Primary branch patency ranged from 96.3% to 100% at 12 month follow up. Zero to 14% of patients experienced type 3 or type 1 endoleak at 14.8 month follow up. CONCLUSION: PMSG is a useful technique, particularly when validated treatments are not available. However, it is a non-standardised technique and the long term consequences of modifications remain unknown.
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Aorta/cirurgia , Doenças da Aorta/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/instrumentação , Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Stents , Idoso , Aorta/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Aorta/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Aorta/mortalidade , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/mortalidade , Endoleak/etiologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de Prótese , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Grau de Desobstrução VascularRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The benefit of aneurysm sac coil embolisation (ASCE) during endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains unclear. This prospective randomised two centre study (SCOPE 1: Sac COil embolisation for Prevention of Endoleak) compared the outcomes of standard EVAR in patients with AAA at high risk of type II endoleak (EL with EVAR with ASCE during the period 2014-2019. METHODS: Patients at high risk of type II EL were randomised to standard EVAR (group A) or EVAR with coil ASCE (group B). The primary endpoint was the rate of all types of EL during follow up. Secondary endpoints included freedom from type II EL related re-interventions, and aneurysm sac diameter and volume variation at two year follow up. Adverse events included type II EL and re-interventions. CTA and Duplex ultrasound scans were scheduled at 30 days, six months, one year, and two years after surgery. RESULTS: Ninety-four patients were enrolled, 47 in each group. There were no intra-operative complications. At M1, 16/47 early type II EL occurred (34%) in group A vs. 2/47 (4.3%) in group B (p < .001). At M6, 15/36 type II EL (41.7%) occurred in group A vs. 2/39 (4.26%) in group B (p < .001). At M12, 15/37 type II El (40.5%) occurred in group A vs. 5/35 (14.3%) in group B (p = .018). At 24 months, 8/32 type 2 El (25%) occurred in group A vs. 3/29 (6.5%) in group B (p = .19). Kaplan-Meier curves of survival free from EL and re-interventions were significantly in favour of group B (p < .001). Aneurysm sac volume decreased significantly in group B compared with group A at M6 (p = .081), at M12 (p = .004), and M24 (p = .001). CONCLUSION: For selected patients at risk of EL, ASCE seems effective in preventing EL at one, six, and at 12 months. However, the difference was not statistically significant at 24 months. ASCE decreases the re-intervention rate two years after EVAR. A significantly faster aneurysm volume shrinkage was observed at one and two years following surgery. (SCOPE 1 trial: NCT01878240).
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Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/terapia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/métodos , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Prospectivos , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Artérias/transplante , Criopreservação , Doença Arterial Periférica/cirurgia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/cirurgia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/cirurgia , Idoso , Aloenxertos/microbiologia , Aloenxertos/transplante , Amputação Cirúrgica/estatística & dados numéricos , Artérias/microbiologia , Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Prótese Vascular/microbiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/microbiologia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/mortalidade , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/mortalidade , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sobrevida , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ischemic colitis (IC) is a severe emergency in gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of the present study was to identify the predictors of postoperative mortality after emergent open colectomy for IC treatment. Additionally, we compared postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing emergent colectomy due to aortic surgery-related IC (AS-IC group) vs. other IC etiologies (Other-IC group). METHODS: We analyzed records of consecutive patients who underwent emergency open colectomy for IC between 2008 and 2019. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify clinical and operative parameters associated with postoperative mortality. The AS-IC and Other-IC groups were compared for mortality, morbidity, ICU stay, hospital stay, and survival. RESULTS: During the study period, 94 patients (mean age, 67.4 ± 13.7 years) underwent emergent open colectomy for IC. In the majority of cases, IC involved the entire colon (53.2%) and vasopressor agents were required preoperatively (63.8%) and/or intraoperatively (78.8%). Thirty-four patients underwent surgery due to AS-IC, whereas 60 due to Other-IC causes. In the AS-IC group, 9 patients had undergone endovascular aortic repair and 25 open aortic surgery; 61.8% of patients needed aortic surgery for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA). Overall, 66 patients (70.2%) died within 90 days from surgery. The AS-IC and Other-IC groups showed similar operative outcomes and postoperative complication rates. However, the duration of the ICU stay (19 days vs. 11 days; p = 0.003) and of the total hospital stay (22 days vs. 16 days; p = 0.016) was significantly longer for the AS-IC group than for the Other-IC group. The rate of intestinal continuity restoration at 1 year after surgery was higher for the Other-IC group than for the AS-IC group (58.8% vs. 22.2%; p = 0.05). In the multivariate model, preoperative increased lactate levels, a delay between signs/symptoms' onset and surgery > 12 h, and the occurrence of postoperative acute kidney injury were statistically associated with postoperative mortality. Neither IC etiology (aortic surgery vs. other etiology) nor ruptured AAA was associated with postoperative mortality. CONCLUSION: Emergency open colectomy for IC is associated with high postoperative mortality, which appears to be unrelated to the IC etiology. Preoperative lactate levels, > 12-h delay to surgery, and postoperative acute kidney injury are independent predictors of postoperative mortality.
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Injúria Renal Aguda/mortalidade , Colectomia/mortalidade , Colite Isquêmica/mortalidade , Colite Isquêmica/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Emergências , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Tempo para o TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome is a rare condition characterized by a subclavian artery pathology associated with a bone abnormality. It is rarely associated with thromboembolic stroke. The mechanism of cerebral embolism associated with thoracic outlet syndrome have rarely been demonstrated. We present here a fully studied case with a high probability of reverse flow embolism. CASE PRESENTATION: A 24-year-old man with a known arterial thoracic outlet syndrome presented with a right cerebral posterior artery brain infarction. An ultrasound examination depicted the compression of the right subclavian artery in the scalene defile with a post stenotic aneurysm and the presence of a floating thrombus in this aneurysm. There was a reverse flow during diastole in this aneurysm. Anticoagulation was carried out with the disappearance of the floating thrombus with no new clinical or brain MRI event. Corrective surgery of this thoracic outlet syndrome was performed one month after stroke. CONCLUSION: Very few cases of stroke in arterial thoracic outlet syndrome have been described with thorough dynamic vascular imaging. To our knowledge, this is the fourth reported case that advocates for a reverse flow embolism mechanism in stroke associated with thoracic outlet syndrome, and the first to realize an extensive ultrasound and doppler workup.
Assuntos
Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Posterior/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico/complicações , Constrição Patológica/patologia , Embolia/diagnóstico , Humanos , Embolia Intracraniana/patologia , Masculino , Artéria Subclávia , Tromboembolia/diagnóstico , Ultrassonografia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Doença Aguda/terapia , Isquemia/terapia , Doença Arterial Periférica/terapia , Especialidades Cirúrgicas/normas , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/normas , Angiografia/métodos , Angiografia/normas , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Europa (Continente) , Heparina/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Isquemia/etiologia , Doença Arterial Periférica/complicações , Doença Arterial Periférica/diagnóstico , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/normas , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/métodos , Vasodilatadores/administração & dosagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Physician-modified fenestrated stent grafts (PMSGs) are a useful option for urgent or semiurgent treatment of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (CAAAs). The aim of this study was to describe in-hospital outcomes of custom-made fenestrated stent grafts (CMSGs) and PMSGs for the treatment of CAAAs and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). METHODS: In this single-center, retrospective study, all consecutives patients with CAAAs or TAAAs undergoing endovascular repair using Zenith CMSGs (Cook Medical, Bloomington, Ind) or PMSGs between January 2012 and November 2017 were included. End points were intraoperative adverse events, in-hospital mortality, postoperative complications, reinterventions, target vessel patency, and endoleaks. RESULTS: Ninety-seven patients were included (CMSGs, n = 69; PMSGs, n = 28). The PMSG group included more patients assigned to American Society of Anesthesiologists class 4 (n = 14 [50%] vs n = 16 [23%]; P = .006) and more TAAAs (n = 17 [61%] vs n = 10 [15%]; P < .0001). Intraoperative adverse events were recorded in eight (11%) patients in the CMSG group vs six (21%) patients in the PMSG group. No intraoperative death or open conversion occurred. In-hospital mortality rates were of 4% (n = 3) in the CMSG group and 14% in the PMSG group (n = 4). Chronic renal failure was an independent preoperative risk factor of postoperative death or complications (odds ratio, 4.88; 95% confidence interval, 1.65-14.43; P = .004). Rates of postoperative complications were 22% (n = 15) and 25% (n = 7) in the CMSG and PMSG groups. Spinal cord ischemia rates were 4% (n = 3) and 7% (n = 2) in the CMSG and PMSG groups. Reintervention rates were 16% (n = 11) in the CMSG group and 32% (n = 9) in the PMSG group. At discharge, target vessel patency rate in CMSGs was 98% (n = 207/210). All target vessels (n = 98) were patent in the PMSG group. Endoleaks at discharge were observed in 24% of the CMSG group (n = 16) vs 8% of the PMSG group (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed clinically relevant differences of several important in-hospital outcomes in the CMSG and PMSG groups. Larger cohorts and longer follow-up are needed to allow direct comparison. PMSGs may offer acceptable in-hospital results in patients requiring urgent interventions when CMSGs are not available or possible.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/instrumentação , Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Stents , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/mortalidade , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/mortalidade , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/mortalidade , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/mortalidade , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Desenho de Prótese , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to validate a computational patient specific model of Zenith® fenestrated device deployment in abdominal aortic aneurysms to predict fenestration positions. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of the accuracy of numerical simulation for fenestrated stent graft sizing. Finite element computational simulation was performed in 51 consecutive patients that underwent successful endovascular repair with Zenith® fenestrated stent grafts in two vascular surgery units with a high volume of aortic procedures. Longitudinal and rotational clock positions of fenestrations were measured on the simulated models. These measurements were compared with those obtained by (i) an independent observer on the post-operative computed tomography (CT) scan and (ii) by the stent graft manufacturer planning team on the pre-operative CT scan. (iii) Pre- and post-operative positions were also compared. Longitudinal distance and clock face discrepancies >3 mm and 15°, respectively, were considered significant. Reproducibility was assessed using Bland-Altman and linear regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 195 target arteries were analysed. Both Bland-Altman and linear regression showed good reproducibility between the three measurement techniques performed. The median absolute difference between the simulation and post-operative CT scan was 1.0 ± 1.1 mm for longitudinal distance measurements and 6.9 ± 6.1° for clock positions. The median absolute difference between the planning centre and post-operative CT scan was 0.8 ± 0.8 mm for longitudinal distance measurements and 5.1 ± 5.0° for clock positions. Finally, the median absolute difference between the simulation and the planning centre was 0.96 ± 0.97 mm for longitudinal distance measurements and 4.8 ± 3.6° for clock positions. CONCLUSION: The numerical model of deployed fenestrated stent grafts is accurate for planning position of fenestrations. It has been validated in 51 patients, for whom fenestration locations were similar to the sizing performed by physicians and the planning centre.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Modelagem Computacional Específica para o Paciente , Stents , Aorta/diagnóstico por imagem , Aortografia/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Humanos , Período Pós-Operatório , Período Pré-Operatório , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To describe a hybrid approach for complex iliofemoral lesions and report short-term and mid-term results. METHODS: In this single-center retrospective study, all consecutive patients (n = 32, 36 limbs) who underwent hybrid repair of complex iliofemoral lesions between 2012 and 2017 using a conformable self-expandable covered stent for external iliac artery lesions and open repair of the common femoral artery were included. Lesions were responsible for claudication in 13 (36%) limbs, rest pain in 13 (36%) limbs and tissue loss in 10 (28%) limbs. Over a wire crossing the iliac lesion, the covered stent was deployed, externalized through the femoral arteriotomy, and cut at the iliofemoral junction in such a way that no untreated transition zone remained between the stent and the open reconstruction of the femoral artery. RESULTS: Two elderly patients with critical limb ischemia died during the postoperative course, giving in-hospital mortality of 6.2%. Four (12.5%) presented with moderate to severe complications, including one transtibial amputation in a patient who presented with tissue loss at admission. The median follow-up period was 24.1 months (range: 0.8-64 months). One-year and two-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival were 91% (95% CI: 97-74) and 76% (95% CI: 89-53). One-year and two-year estimates of freedom from major amputation were 96% (95% CI: 99-76) and 91% (95% CI: 97-66). Estimates of primary patency, assisted primary patency, and secondary patency were: 93.7 (95% CI: 77.1-98.4) at 1 year, and 93.7 (95% CI: 77.1-98.4) at 2 years; 96.7% (95% CI: 78.6-99.6) at 1 year, and 96.7% (95% CI: 78.6-99.6) at 2 years; 96.7% (95% CI: 78.6-99.6) at 1 year and 96.7% (95% CI: 78.6-99.6) at 2 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our hybrid approach for iliofemoral lesions provided acceptable mortality and good mid-term patency rates. Further studies with long-term followup are needed to evaluate the safety and durability of this technique.