Timing of Post-bath Skin Moisturizer Application to Newborn Infants: A Randomized Controlled Study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the timing of postbath moisturizer application affected the skin moisture (SM) and body temperature (BT) of newborn infants. METHODS: The researchers conducted a randomized controlled study with 80 newborns who were monitored in a university hospital between March 2017 and May 2018. In both the control and experimental groups, newborns were bathed and dried. However, in the control group, moisturizer was applied immediately to the newborn's body, whereas in the experimental group, moisturizer was applied 10 minutes after the completion of the bath. Researchers evaluated the BT and SM of all infants both before and immediately after the bath and at 10, 20, 40, and 60 minutes postbath. RESULTS: The control and experimental groups were similar according to the descriptive characteristics of the infants (P > .05). In both groups, infants' SM values increased in the first 10 minutes after the bath compared with the prebath values (P < .05). However, the whole-body SM value of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group 60 minutes postbath (P = .027). There was also a statistically significant change in the body temperatures of infants in both groups after bathing (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS: Waiting 10 minutes postbath before applying moisturizer positively affected newborns' SM and BT. Additional research with a broader age range and a more diverse sample is needed to further clarify the effects of postbath moisturizer application timing on newborns' SM and BT.

The effect of moral intelligence on cultural sensitivity in nurses.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the levels of moral intelligence and intercultural sensitivity in nurses. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conduct with 200 nurses working in a research and training hospital. The data were collected using the intercultural sensitivity scale and the scale for the measurement of moral intelligence in the provision of health services. RESULTS: The mean total intercultural sensitivity score of the nurses was determined to be 89.34 ± 10.01, while their moral intelligence score was found 201.22 ± 21.99. There was a positive relationship between the nurses' mean total scores scales (p < 0.000). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The nurses' intercultural sensitivity and moral intelligence were at a moderate level. As the nurses' levels of moral intelligence increased, their intercultural sensitivity levels increased.

The effects of nursing students' conscientious intelligence on their cultural sensitivity levels.

PURPOSE: This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the level of conscientious intelligence and cultural sensitivity among nursing students. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive design. The sample of this study consisted of 172 nursing students. The study data were collected using a sociodemographic data form, the intercultural sensitivity scale, and the conscientious intelligence scale. RESULTS: The mean intercultural sensitivity scale score was 80.07 ± 10.68, and the mean conscientious intelligence scale score was 120.89 ± 12.32. Also, a positive relationship was determined between both scales that the nursing students obtained. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The scale scores of nursing students were found to be a moderate level. As students' conscientious intelligence levels increased, their intercultural sensitivity was determined to increase, as well.

Nonnutritive Sucking Before Oral Feeding of Preterm Infants in Turkey: A Randomized Controlled Study.

BACKGROUND: The use of a pacifier is recommended to support sucking reflex during transition from gavage feeding to oral feeding and ensure readiness for feeding. PURPOSE: A randomized controlled experimental design was used to determine the effect of a pacifier given before feeding on physiological characteristics and feeding performance in preterm infants initially fed orally. DESIGN AND METHODS: The data were obtained from preterm infants (N = 72) born before 31st gestational week, who were admitted to Newborn Intensive Care Unit of a training and research hospital affiliated with Ministry of Health between January 2017-July 2018 and met the case selection criteria. Heart rates, oxygen saturation levels and feeding performances of preterm infants in both groups before, during, and after feeding were compared. RESULTS: Heart rates of preterm infants in the experimental group were statistically significantly lower (Experimental: 139.64 ± 10.16; Control: 149.31 ± 8.40; p < 0.01) and their oxygen saturation levels were higher (Experimental: 97.22 ± 2.22; Control: 96.33 ± 1.93; p < 0.05). Feeding efficiency rates (Experimental: 1.94 ± 1.19; Control: 0.69 ± 0.34; p < 0.01) and the percentage of food intake (Experimental: 89.5 ± 23.93; Control: 70.86 ± 27.41; p < 0.01) of newborns in the experimental group were statistically significantly higher and their feeding duration was shorter (Experimental: 10.58 ± 8.29; Control: 16.14 ± 8.31; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that a pacifier given before feeding is effective on regulating physiological parameters and supporting feeding performance in preterm infants. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The use of a pacifier in the first transition to oral feeding in preterm infants supports their sucking reflex, calms them down, and ensures the readiness for feeding.

The effect of Yakson and Gentle Human Touch methods on pain and physiological parameters in preterm infants during heel lancing.

BACKGROUND: Various non-pharmacologic methods are used to alleviate pain in preterm infants who spend their first days in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) because they are exposed to numerous painful interventions. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of Yakson and Gentle Human Touch (GHT) methods on pain and physiologic parameters during heel lancing procedures in preterm infants. DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a randomised controlled trial. The study was conducted in a NICU between June 2018 and June 2019. A total of 90 preterm infants were divided into three groups: 30 infants in the Yakson group, 30 infants in the GHT group, and 30 infants in the control group. All preterm infants were randomly divided into groups. Pain responses were evaluated using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale. RESULTS: It was found that pain scores and heart rates were significantly lower during and after heel lancing in preterm infants in the Yakson and GHT groups than in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (p < .001). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Yakson and GHT applied to preterm infants during heel lancing has positive effects on pain and physiologic parameters.

The effect of high- and low-fidelity simulators in learning heart and lung sounds by undergraduate nurses: a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To determine the effects of high- and low-fidelity simulators on student nurses' learning of heart and lung sounds.Background: Simulation is an important part of nursing education because it helps to improve patient care and provides patient security.Method: The sample consisted of 3rd and 4th year students who studied at a nursing faculty in Istanbul between April and June 2017. In this randomized controlled experimental study, students were randomly divided into 2 groups, the high-fidelity simulator group (HFS group, n = 36), and the low-fidelity simulator group (LFS group, n = 35).Results: The auscultation skill levels of the HFS group were significantly higher post-training in comparison to the pre-training measurement (P < .05). There were no significant differences in the auscultation skill levels of the LFS group between the pretest and posttest measurements.Conclusion: The use of high-fidelity simulators is more effective in the learning of heart and lung sounds by student nurses than low-fidelity simulators.

Transcutaneous bilirubin levels of newborn infants performed abdominal massage: A randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of abdominal massage on bilirubin levels of newborn infants. DESIGN AND METHODS: The sample group consisted of 90 newborn infants (experimental group: 44; control group: 46) who were followed in a university hospital after birth between March and August 2017. The data were collected using an Information Form, Observation Form, and Transcutaneous Bilirubin Level Meter. Bilirubin levels were measured 1 hr after the first breastfeeding in both groups. The abdominal massage was performed for 5 min in each session, was continued in three sessions per day; was completed in totally six sessions for 2 days in infants in the experimental group. The second bilirubin measurements were repeated at the 48th hour after the birth and bilirubin levels were compared in two groups. The Student t test was used to evaluate the normally distributed data and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to carry out statistics in nonnormal distribution of quantitative data. RESULTS: The bilirubin levels of the groups (experimental group: 1.06 ± 0.92; control group: 1.01 ± 0.98) were statistically similar before abdominal massage, t(88) = 0.25, p = 0.803. The difference of the bilirubin levels was compared in the groups before and after abdominal massage. The increase of bilirubin levels in the experimental group (1.96 ± 1.69 mg/dl) was statistically significantly lower compared with the control group (2.80 ± 2.30 mg/dl), t(88) = -1.974, p = 0.048. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Abdominal massage is effective to reduce bilirubin levels of newborn infants.

Assessing Neonatal Pain, Duration of Crying and Procedure Time following Use of Automatic or Manual Heel Lances: A Randomized Controlled Study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare neonatal pain, duration of crying and procedure time following use of automatic or manual heel lancets. METHODS: This randomized trial was conducted with neonates undergoing heel prick procedures in a neonatal intensive care unit for routine blood bilirubin monitoring. An information form, an observation form and the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) were used. Pain before, during and after (1 and 3 min) was assessed using NIPS scoring. RESULTS: Seventy neonates were included (automatic lancet, n = 35; manual lancet, n = 35); there was no difference between the groups (p > 0.01). Pain scores were significantly lower, with automatic lancets compared with manual lancets (p = 0.001). The duration of crying after the procedure (p = 0.001) and procedure time (p = 0.001) was significantly shorter with automatic lancets compared with manual lancets. CONCLUSION: Automatic heel lancets in neonates are more effective than manual lancets at reducing pain, and shorten the procedure time and duration of post-procedural crying.